Timeline 1932-1933
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1932
Jan 2, Japanese forces in Manchuria set up a puppet
government known as Manchukuo.
(HN, 1/2/99)
1932 Jan 3, Coo Coo (Clifton)
Marlin auto race: Winston Cup star, was born.
(440 Int'l. 1/3/99)
1932 Jan 3, Dabney Coleman actor,
was born: Judicial Consent, The Beverly Hillbillies, Amos and Andrew,
Clifford, Never Forget, Short Time, Dragnet, The Man with One Red Shoe,
Tootsie, On Golden Pond, 9 to 5, North Dallas Forty, The Other Side of
the Mountain, Cinderella Liberty, The President’s Plane is Missing,
Buffalo Bill.
(440 Int'l. 1/3/99)
1932 Jan 5, Umberto Eco, Italian
novelist who wrote "The Name of the Rose," was born.
(HN, 1/5/99)
1932 Jan 5, Raisa Maximovna
Titorenko Gorbachev, Russia's 1st lady (1982-1991), was born.
(MC, 1/5/02)
1932 Jan 8, Joseph Kahahawai (21)
was kidnapped and killed by a vigilante group following an alleged gang
rape. Thalia Massie, her husband, mother, and 2 other suspects were
convicted of manslaughter in the Kahahawai murder, but their sentences
were commuted to one hour in the custody of Territorial Gov. Lawrence
Judd. They then sailed to SF to avoid a new trial. In 2005 David E.
Stannard authored “Honor Killing: How the Famous Masie Affair
Transformed Hawaii.”
(SFC, 5/28/05, p.E1)
1932 Jan 12, Philip Barry's
"Animal Kingdom," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 1/12/02)
1932 Jan 12, Mrs. Hattie W.
Caraway (Ophelia Wyatt Caraway) a Democrat from Arkansas, became the
first woman elected to the US Senate.
(AP, 1/12/98)
1932 Jan 12, Oliver Wendell Holmes
quit the Supreme Court at age 90.
(HN, 1/12/99)
1932 Jan 18, Robert Anton Wilson,
US sci-fi author (Trick Top Hat), was born.
(MC, 1/18/02)
1932 Jan 21, Lytton Strachey
(b.1880), author and part of the Bloomsbury group, died. He wrote
"Eminent Victorians," a scandalous collection of sketches that
revolutionized English biography in 1918. Michael Holdroyd later
authored his biography. In 2005 Paul Levy edited “The Letters of Lytton
Strachey.”
(SFEC, 8/22/99, BR p.4)(WUD, 1994, p.1403)(SFEC,
3/5/00, DB p.4)(WSJ, 12/17/05, p.P13)
1932 Jan 22, Pablo Picasso painted
"Repose."
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)
1932 Jan 22, British Anglicans
merged with the Old-Catholic church.
(MC, 1/22/02)
1932 Jan 22, Government troops
crushed a Communist uprising in Northern Spain.
(HN, 1/22/99)
1932 Jan 23, New York Gov.
Franklin D. Roosevelt announced his candidacy for the Democratic
presidential nomination.
(AP, 1/23/98)(HN, 1/23/99)
1932 Jan 23, El Salvador army
killed 4,000 protesting farmers.
(MC, 1/23/02)
1932 Jan 26, William K. Wrigley,
owner (Wrigley Gum, Chicago Cubs), died.
(MC, 1/26/02)
1932 Jan 28, The Japanese attacked
Shanghai, China, and declared martial law.
(HN, 1/28/99)
1932 Feb 2, Al Capone was sent to
prison at Atlanta, Georgia, for "tax evasion."
(MC, 2/2/02)
1932 Feb 4, Robert Coover,
novelist & short story writer, was born.
(HN, 2/4/01)
1932 Feb 4, New York Gov. Franklin
D. Roosevelt opened the Winter Olympic Games at Lake Placid, N.Y.
(AP, 2/4/97)(HN, 2/4/99)
1932 Feb 6, Francois Truffaut,
French film director, was born. His work included "The 400 Blows" and
"Shoot the Piano Player."
(HN, 2/6/01)
1932 Feb 7, Gay Talese, author
(Honor Thy Father), was born.
(MC, 2/7/02)
1932 Feb 8, Vincent "Mad Dog"
Coll, mobster, was killed by Dutch Schultz gang.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1932 Feb 15, George Burns and
Gracie Allen debuted as regulars on "Guy Lombardo Show."
(MC, 2/15/02)
1932 Feb 15, US bobsled team
member Eddie Eagan became the only athlete to win gold in both Summer
& Winter Olympics (1920 boxing gold)
(440 Int’l., 2/15/99)
1932 Feb 16, The 1st patent for a
tree was issued to James Markham for a peach tree.
(MC, 2/16/02)
1932 Feb 17, Irving Berlin's
musical "Face the Music," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 2/17/02)
1932 Feb 18, Milos Forman,
Czech-US director (Cuckoos Nest, Amadeus), was born.
(MC, 2/18/02)
1932 Feb 18, Sonja Henie won her
6th straight World Women's figure skating title.
(MC, 2/18/02)
1932 Feb 18, In SF federal
prohibition agents seized the offices and storehouses of two wholesale
liquor setups: The Chicago Specialty Company at 724 Montgomery St. and
J.C. Millet at 241 Clay St. The raids were aimed at breaking up a major
bootlegging ring said to be headed by Johnny Marino.
(SSFC, 2/18/07, DB p.58)
1932 Feb 18, Manchurian
independence was formally declared. In 1928 the Japanese army
unilaterally instigated armed clashes in China’s Manchuria region to
justify full-scale intervention. In 1931 the Japanese army invaded
Manchuria without its own government’s consent.
(HN, 2/18/98)
1932 Feb 19, Jean-Pierre Ponnele,
opera director (Carmina Burana), was born in Paris, France.
(MC, 2/19/02)
1932 Feb 19, In SF Bank of Canton
manager Arthur G. Wong reported that over $1,000,000 in gold had been
wired from SF to aid Chinese forces in Shanghai.
(SSFC, 2/18/07, DB p.58)
1932 Feb 20, Japanese troops
occupied Tunhua, China.
(MC, 2/20/02)
1932 Feb 21, Camera exposure meter
was patented by WN Goodwin.
(MC, 2/21/02)
1932 Feb 22, Edward Kennedy,
Massachusetts Senator, was born. He was the brother of John F. Kennedy
who championed the poor.
(HN, 2/22/99)
1932 Feb 22, The Purple Heart
award was reinstituted.
(MC, 2/22/02)
1932 Feb 24, Michel Legrand,
composer (Summer of '42, Windmills of Your Mind), was born.
(MC, 2/24/02)
1932 Feb 25, The German state
government of Brunswick, in which the Nazi Party participated,
appointed Adolph Hitler of Austria to a minor administrative post this
month and on this day gave him German citizenship. Hitler was thus able
to stand against Hindenburg in the forthcoming Presidential election.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler)(www.secondworldwar.co.uk/ahitler.html)
1932 Feb 26, Johnny Cash (d.2003)
country singer (I Walk The Line, Folsom Prison Blues, Boy Named Sue),
was born in Kingsland, Arkansas.
(NW, 9/22/03, p.98)
1932 Feb 27, Elizabeth Taylor,
actress, was born. Her films included "Cleopatra" and "Who’s Afraid of
Virginia Woolf?"
(SFC, 2/16/97, Par. p.22)(HN, 2/27/01)
1932 Feb 27, The Glass-Steagall
Act was passed, giving the Federal Reserve the right to expand credit
in order to increase money circulation. It separated regular banks from
investment banks. Senator Carter Glass (d.1946 at 88) of Virginia and
Rep. Henry Steagall (d.1943 at 70) of Alabama sponsored it. The act had
two measures. The 1932 act was a bookkeeping provision that allowed the
Treasury to balance its account. [see 1933]
(SFC, 4/7/97, p.A4)(WSJ, 8/8/97, p.A11)(HN,
2/27/98)(WSJ, 4/10/98, p.A1,6)
1932 Feb 27, Explosion in coal
mine in Boissevain, Virginia, left 38 dead.
(MC, 2/27/02)
1932 Mar 1, Charles Lindbergh Jr.
(20 months), the infant son of Charles and Anne Lindbergh was kidnapped
from his nursery at the family home near Hopewell, (Princeton) N.J. A
handwritten note left at the scene demanded a $50,000 ransom. Under
relentless public scrutiny, the Lindberghs complied with the ransom
demands, but on May 12, the child’s remains were found two miles from
their home. German immigrant Bruno Richard Hauptmann was arrested and
convicted for the crime amid a frenzy of biased media coverage.
Hauptmann maintained his innocence until his execution in 1936. In 1961
George Waller authored “Kidnap,” an account of the kidnapping and trial.
(TMC, 1994, p.1932)(AP, 3/1/98)(HN, 3/1/98)(HNPD,
3/1/99)(WSJ, 11/10/07, p.W8)
1932 Mar 4, Miriam Makeba, singer
(Grammy 1965), was born in Johannesburg, South Africa.
(HN, 3/4/01)(SC, 3/4/02)
1932 Mar 6, John Philip Sousa
(77), US composer (Stars & Stripes Forever), died.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1932 Mar 7, Riots at Ford factory
in Dearborn, Michigan, killed 4.
(MC, 3/7/02)
1932 Mar 7, Aristide Briand
(b.1862), 11-time premier of France (Nobel 1926), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristide_Briand)
1932 Mar 9, Eamon De Valera was
elected Taoiseach (prime minister) of Ireland and pledged to abolished
all loyalty to the British Crown.
(HN, 3/9/98)(http://www.clarelibrary.ie/)
1932 Mar 9, Former Chinese emperor
Henry Pu-Yi was installed as head of Manchuria.
(MC, 3/9/02)
1932 Mar 12, Ivar Kreuger
(b.1880), the so-called "Swedish Match King," committed suicide in
Paris, leaving behind a financial empire that turned out to be
worthless. The “Kreuger crash’ shook Wall Street and led to a 1933
Securities Act, which strengthened disclosure requirements for all
companies selling stock. In 1961 Robert Shaplen authored “Kreuger,
Genius and Swindler.” In 2009 Frank Partnoy authored “The Match King.”
(AP, 3/12/99)(Econ, 12/22/07, p.115)(WSJ, 4/17/09,
p.A11)
1932 Mar 13, Hindenburg won 49.6%
of the vote in the German presidential election, Hitler won 30.1%, and
the rest of the votes went to other candidates. Since Hindenburg did
not win a majority, a run-off election was set for April.
(www.fff.org/freedom/fd0403a.asp)
1932 Mar 14, George Eastman (77),
founder of Eastman Kodak, committed suicide. “To my friends. My work is
done, why wait?”
(ON, 3/05, p.12)(http://tinyurl.com/5fjeq)
1932 Mar 17, German police raided
Hitler's Nazi headquarters.
(MC, 3/17/02)
1932 Mar 18, John Updike, American
poet, novelist, was born. He wrote "Witches of Eastwick."
(HN, 3/18/99)
1932 Mar 19, Sydney Harbor Bridge,
Australia, officially opened.
(AP, 3/19/03)
1932 Mar 20, The German dirigible,
Graf Zepplin, made the first flight to South America on regular
schedule.
(HN, 3/20/98)
1932 Mar 21, Joseph Silverstein,
violinist (Denver Symphony Orch), was born in Detroit, Mich.
(MC, 3/21/02)
1932 Mar 23, The executive
committee of the DAR (Daughters of the American Revolution) ruled to
exclude blacks from appearing at Constitution Hall.
(WSJ, 4/3/97, p.A19)
1932 Mar 23, Britain warned
Ireland that the loyalty oath was mandatory.
(HN, 3/23/98)
1932 Mar 24, A New York radio
station (WABC) broadcast a variety program from a moving train in
Maryland.
(AP, 3/23/97)
1932 Mar 29, A vaudeville comedian
made his radio debut, saying, "Ladies and gentlemen, this is Jack Benny
talking. There will be a slight pause while you say, ‘Who cares?"’
(AP, 3/29/97)
1932 Mar 31, Ford Motor Co.
publicly unveiled its V-8 engine.
(AP, 3/30/97)
1932 Mar 31, 150 wild swans died
in Niagara waterfall.
(MC, 3/31/02)
1932 Apr 2, Aviator Charles A.
Lindbergh and Dr. John F. Condon turned over $50,000 in ransom to an
unidentified man in a New York City cemetery in the Bronx, in exchange
for Lindbergh’s kidnapped son. The infant, however, was not returned,
and was found dead the following month.
(AP, 4/2/97)(HN, 4/2/98)
1932 Apr 4, Anthony Perkins, actor
(Psycho), was born in NYC.
(HN, 4/4/01)(MC, 4/4/02)
1932 Apr 4, George Bernard Shaw's
"Too True to be Good," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 4/4/02)
1932 Apr 4, Vitamin C was 1st
isolated by C.C. King at the Univ. of Pittsburgh.
(MC, 4/4/02)
1932 Apr 4, Andrei Tarkovsky,
Russian film maker, was born.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1932 Apr 5, A Dutch textile strike
was broken by trade unions.
(MC, 4/5/02)
1932 Apr 7, Erv A. Kelley, US
policeman, was shot to death by Pretty Boy Floyd.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1932 Apr 9, Paul Krassner, founder
and editor of The Realist, cartoonist (MAD mag.), was born.
(MC, 4/9/02)
1932 Apr 10, Omar Sharif (Michael
Shalhoub), actor (Dr. Zhivago), was born.
(HN, 4/10/98)
1932 Apr 10, Paul von Hindenburg
was elected the first German president. German president Paul von
Hindenburg was re-elected with 53% of the vote; Adolf Hitler coming in
2nd with 36%.
(www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/runs.htm)(AP, 4/10/98)
1932 Apr 11, Joel Grey (Joe Katz),
actor, was born.
(HN, 4/11/01)
1932 Apr 12, Emmanuel Chabrier's
and Balanchine's ballet premiered in Monte Carlo.
(MC, 4/12/02)
1932 Apr 14, Bizet's, Massine's
and Miro's "Jeux d'Enfants," premiered in Monte Carlo.
(MC, 4/14/02)
1932 Apr 14, Germany’s Pres.
Hindenburg signed a decree outlawing Nazi SA and SS. Chancellor Bruning
thought this would curb Hitler’s growth. Instead, it will prove to be
Bruning’s fall.
(www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/germany/index.htm)
1932 Apr 15, Eva Figes, British
novelist, was born.
(HN, 4/15/01)
1932 Apr 17, Graziella Sciutti,
Italian opera singer, was born.
(MC, 4/17/02)
1932 Apr 21, Elaine May, comedy
writer, was born.
(HN, 4/21/01)
1932 Apr 23, Jim Fixx, runner and
writer, was born, He popularized running as a form of exercise in the
1970s.
(HN, 4/23/99)
1932 Apr 23, Halston, [R Halston
Frowick], fashion designer (1972 Hall of Fame), was born.
(MC, 4/23/02)
1932 Apr 23, The Royal Shakespeare
Theatre opened at Stratford-on-Avon. It replaced one built in 1879 that
burned down in 1926.
(www.guardian.co.uk/fromthearchive/story/0,,1740490,00.html)(Econ,
3/31/07, p.91)
1932 Apr 24, In German national
elections the NSDAP/NAZI won 36.3% in Prussia.
(MC, 4/24/02)
1932 Apr 25, William Roache, actor
(Ken Barlow-Coronation Street), was born in England.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1932 Apr 26, Ed Wynn, the Texaco
fire chief, was heard on radio’s Texaco Star Theater for the first
time. He demanded and got a live audience to react to his humor.
(440 Int’l. Internet, 4/26/97, p.1)
1932 Apr 27, American poet Hart
Crane (b.1899) drowned after jumping from a steamer while en route to
New York. In 1967 R.W.B. Lewis (d. 2002) authored "The Poetry of
Hart Crane."
(AP, 4/27/97)(SFC, 6/17/02, p.B5)
1932 Apr 28, A yellow fever
vaccine for humans was announced.
(HN, 4/28/98)
1932 Apr, In Denmark 6 of the
world’s leading quantum physicists gathered at Niels Bohr’s Institute
for Theoretical Physics to discuss the latest developments in the
field. In 2007 Gino Segre authored “Faust in Copenhagen: A Struggle for
the Soul of Physics.” The book is organized around a short comedy
performed at the end of the meeting.
(SSFC, 6/24/07, p.M3)(Econ, 7/14/07, p.87)
1932 May 2, Pulitzer prize was
awarded to Pearl S. Buck for "The Good Earth."
(MC, 5/2/02)
1932 May 2, Walter Duranty of the
NY Times won a Pulitzer Prize for his series on the Soviet Union that
contained uncritical praise of Joseph Stalin. In 2003 a historian
argued, without success, that the prize should be revoked due to
Duranty's deliberate failure to cover the forced famine in the Ukraine
that killed millions of people. In 2004 David C. Engerman authored
"Modernization from the Other Shore," an American view of the Soviet
experience."
(SFC, 10/23/03, p.A3)(SFC, 11/22/03, p.A3)(WSJ,
2/24/04, p.D8)
1932 May 2, Jack Benny’s first
radio show made its debut on the NBC Blue Network.
(AP, 5/2/97)
1932 May 4,
Mobster Al Capone, convicted of income-tax evasion, entered the federal
penitentiary in Atlanta. Capone was later transferred to Alcatraz
Island in San Francisco Bay.
(AP, 5/4/08)
1932 May 7, Jenny Joseph, English
poet and novelist (The Thinking Heart, The Inland Sea), was born.
(HN, 5/7/02)
1932 May 9, Piccadilly Circus was
lit by electricity.
(MC, 5/9/02)
1932 May 10, Government of
Netherland declared "Wilhelmus" the national anthem.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1932 May 12, Goofy, aka Dippy
Dawg, 1st appeared in 'Mickey's Revue' by Walt Disney.
(MC, 5/12/02)
1932 May 12, The body of the
kidnapped son of Charles and Anne Lindbergh was found in a wooded area
of Hopewell, N.J.
(AP, 5/12/97)(HN, 5/12/98)
1932 May 14, There was a "We Want
Beer!" parade in NY.
(MC, 5/14/02)
1932 May 15, Japan’s PM Tsuyoshi
Inukai (b.1855) and his family were assassinated by young right-wing
naval officers. His son Ken Inukai, watching a Sumo wrestling match
with Charlie Chaplin, survived.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1932 May 17, Congress changed the
name "Porto Rico" to "Puerto Rico".
(HN, 5/17/98)
1932 May 18, Luigi Malvese,
bootleg gangster, was ambushed and shot to death in front of the Del
Monte Barbershop at 720 Columbus Ave, SF, Ca. A police dragnet rounded
up some 1,000 "usual suspect" in an attempt to pressure the underworld
to rein in its wild men. Louis Dinato, Al Capone’s tailor, was among
those rounded up.
(SSFC, 6/2/02, p.D3)
1932 May 20, Amelia Earhart took
off from Newfoundland to become the first woman to fly solo across the
Atlantic. Because of weather and equipment problems, Earhart set down
in Northern Ireland after 13 ½ hours instead of her intended
destination, France.
(HFA, '96, p.30)(HN, 5/20/01)(AP, 5/20/07)(ON,
12/07, p.9)
1932 May 21, Amelia Earhart made
her first transatlantic solo flight from Newfoundland to Ireland.
(HN, 5/21/98)(AP, 5/20/97)
1932 May 25, John Gregory Dunne
(d.2003), author, screenwriter and husband of Joan Didion, was born in
Hartford, Conn.
(HN, 5/25/01)(SFC, 1/1/04, p.A23)
1932 May 25, Georgi Mikhailovich
Grechko, USSR cosmonaut (Soyuz 17, 26, T-14), was born.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1932 May 26, Ligget & Myers,
Mack Trucks, United Air Transport, Paramount Publix, Radio corp., Texas
Gulf Sulphur, National Cash Register and Hudson Motor were removed from
the DJIA. American Tobacco B was re-instated as a component of the Dow
Jones. Drug Inc., Proctor & Gamble, Loew's, Nash Motors, Int'l.
Shoe, Int'l. Business Machines and Coca Cola were added.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, p. R-45)(WSJ, 4/8/04, p.C4)
1932 May 28, Stephen Birmingham,
novelist and biographer (Real Lace: America's Irish Rich), was born in
Hartford.
(HN, 5/28/01)(MC, 5/28/02)
1932 May 29, Paul Erlich,
environmental scientist, was born.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1932 May 29, World War I veterans
began arriving in Washington DC to demand cash bonuses they weren’t
scheduled to receive for another 13 years. 17,000 veterans, calling
themselves the Bonus Expeditionary Force, marched on Washington
demanding cash for their bonus certificates. They were led by Walter
Waters, a former sergeant from Portland, Ore.
(TMC, 1994, p.1932)(AP, 5/29/97)(WSJ, 11/7/05, p.B1)
1932 May 31, Socal, formerly
Standard Oil of California, discovered oil in Bahrain. This was the 1st
middle eastern oil discovered by an American firm.
(SFC, 10/20/04,
p.C6)(www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199901/prelude.to.discovery.htm)
1932 Jun 1, Christopher Lasch,
American social critic and writer, was born.
(HN, 6/1/01)
1932 Jun 2, Sammy Turner, singer
(Lavender Blue Moods), was born in Patterson, NJ.
(SC, 6/2/02)
1932 Jun 2, George W. Perry (19),
a Georgia farmer, caught a record 22-pound, 4-ounce largemouth bass
with a Chubb Wiggle Fish lure. The record still stood in 2001.
(WSJ, 5/18/01, p.A1)
1932 Jun 3, Von Hindenburg
disbanded the German Parliament.
(MC, 6/3/02)
1932 Jun 5, Christy Brown, Irish
novelist and poet (My Left Foot), was born.
(HN, 6/5/01)
1932 Jun 6, A US Federal gas tax
was enacted.
(MC, 6/6/02)
1932 Jun 7, Over 7,000 war
veterans march on Washington, D.C. demanding their bonuses for service
in WW I.
(HN, 6/7/98)
1932 Jun 11, Athol Fugard,
playwright, director, actor and novelist, was born in Middelburg, South
Africa as Harold Athol Lanigan Fugard. As a child he was known as Hally
before he decided he wanted to be called Athol.
(www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=1651)(HN, 6/11/01)
1932 Jun 11, E. Delporte
discovered asteroid #1222 Tina.
(SC, 6/11/02)
1932 Jun 14, Representative Edward
Eslick died on the floor of the House of Representatives while pleading
for the passage of the bonus bill for US veterans.
(HN, 6/14/98)
1932 Jun 15, Mario M. Cuomo,
(Gov-D-NY, 1982-94), was born in NYC.
(MC, 6/15/02)
1932 Jun 15, Gaston Means was
sentenced to 15 years for fraud in the Lindbergh baby kidnapping.
(HN, 6/15/98)
1932 Jun 16, President Hoover and
Vice President Charles Curtis were renominated at the Republican
national convention in Chicago.
(AP, 6/16/02)
1932 Jun 16, The ban on Nazi storm
troopers was lifted by the von Papen government in Germany. Germany
forbade SA/SS street brawls.
(HN, 6/16/98)(MC, 6/16/02)
1932 Jun 17, The U.S. Senate
defeated a cash-now bonus bill as some 10,000 veterans massed around
the Capitol.
(HN, 6/17/98)(WSJ, 11/7/05, p.B1)
1932 Jun 19, Hailstones killed 200
in Hunan Province, China PR.
(DTnet, 6/19/97)
1932 Jun 21, Lalo [Boris]
Schifrin, composer, was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
(MC, 6/21/02)
1932 Jun 21, Heavyweight Max
Schmeling lost a title fight by decision to Jack Sharkey (American
Lithuanian Sarkis Zukauskas); Schmeling’s manager, Joe Jacobs,
exclaimed: "We was robbed!"
(AP, 6/21/97)(LC, 1998, p.18)
1932 Jun 24, A coup ended the
absolute monarchy in Thailand.
(http://countrystudies.us/thailand/19.htm)(SFC,
5/28/96, p.A17)
1932 Jun 27, In Thailand King
Prajadhipok signed a new provisional constitution. The absolute power
of kings ended and a constitutional monarchy began. By 2008 Thailand
had gone thru 17 permanent or temporary constitutions.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Thailand)(Econ, 5/24/08,
p.27)
1932 Jun 29, Siam’s army seized
Bangkok and announces an end to the absolute monarchy.
(HN, 6/29/98)
1932 Jun 30, Mongo Beti, novelist
and political writer, was born.
(HN, 6/30/01)
1932 Jul 1, New York Gov. Franklin
D. Roosevelt was nominated for president at the Democratic convention
in Chicago.
(AP, 7/1/07)
1932 Jul 2, Sammy Turner, vocalist
(Lavender Blue), was born in Paterson, NJ.
(SC, 7/2/02)
1932 Jul 2, New York Gov. Franklin
D. Roosevelt won the nomination for president on the 4th ballot at the
Democratic convention in Chicago.
(ON, 12/07, p.3)
1932 Jul 5, Antonio de Oliveira
Salazar became premier and dictator of Portugal.
(MC, 7/5/02)
1932 Jul 8, The Dow Jones
Industrial Average closed at 41.22, with an intra-day low of 40.56, its
lowest point during the Great Depression.
(WSJ, 11/22/08,
p.B1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average)
1932 Jul 9, The Dow Jones
Industrial Average closed at 41.63, down 91% from its level exactly 3
years earlier. Trading volume for the day was 235,000 shares.
(WSJ, 10/11/08, p.W1)
1932 Jul 9, John Paul Getty II,
US-British oil magnate, billionaire (Getty Oil), was born.
(MC, 7/9/02)
1932 Jul 18, The United States and
Canada signed a treaty to develop the St. Lawrence Seaway.
(AP, 7/18/97)
1932 Jul 18, The Matson luxury
liner "Lurline" was christened in Quincy, Mass. by Lurline M.
Roth, daughter of company founder Capt. William Mattson.
(Ind, 11/4/00,5A)
1932 Jul 22, Megan Terry,
playwright (Calm Down Mother, Goona Goona), was born.
(HN, 7/22/02)
1932 Jul
22, Florenz Ziegfeld (b.1869), US theatre producer (Ziegfeld Follies),
died. In 2008 Ethan Mordden authored “Ziegfeld: The Man Who Invented
Show Business.”
(http://www.ibdb.com/person.asp?ID=5539)(WSJ, 11/14/08, p.W10)
1932 Jul 23, Alberto Santos-Dumont
(b.1873), aviation pioneer, hanged himself in Guaraja, Brazil after
hearing a bomber discharge its load on fellow countrymen. In 2003 Paul
Hoffman authored "Wings of Madness: Alberto Santos-Dumont and the
Invention of Flight."
(SSFC, 6/28/03, p.M1)
1932 Jul 25, Paul J. Weitz,
astronaut (Skylab 2, STS 6), was born in Erie, Pennsylvania.
(SC, 7/25/02)
1932 Jul 28, Under orders from
Pres. Hoover shacks built in the shadow of the nation’s Capitol by
World War I veteran demonstrators were burned. In 1924 Congress had
enacted a law that provided compensation to veterans—those entitled to
more than $50 would receive certificates maturing in 1945. However,
because of the Depression, Congress proposed in 1932 that the
certificates be redeemable immediately, as a bonus. Veterans groups
began to gather in Washington, D.C., to march for their cause. When the
bill was defeated, the veterans (nicknamed the Bonus Expeditionary
Force (BEF), "Bonus Army") refused to leave. Hoover resorted to using
U.S. troops to force them to evacuate. One veteran was killed and 50
veterans and police were injured in the melee. In May 1933, newly
elected President Franklin Roosevelt also opposed the bill, but he
issued an executive order allowing 25,000 veterans to enroll in the
Citizens’ Conservation Corps in lieu of getting bonuses. In 1971 Roger
Daniels authored “The Bonus March.” In 1994 Donald J. Lisio authored
“The President and Protest.”
(AP, 7/28/97)(HNPD, 7/28/98)(WSJ, 11/7/05,
p.B1)
1932 Jul 30, The Summer Olympic
Games opened in Los Angeles. The US won 41 gold medals, Italy was 2nd
with less than a third of that. Bill Miller of Stanford won a gold
medal in the pole vault when he cleared 14'-1 ¾". Later in the
year he set a world record at 14'-1 7/8". Babe Didriksen (21) of Texas
won 2 track gold medals and a silver. Track events in this summer’s
Olympics were timed with manual stopwatches.
(SFC, 7/14/96, Par p.4)(AP, 7/30/97)(NG, 8/04,
Geographica)(WSJ, 8/23/04, p.C3)
1932 Jul 31, The George Washington
quarter went into circulation as a 200 year commemorative of G.
Washington’s birth. It has been in use ever since.
(WSJ, 7/12/96, p.B5B)(MC, 7/31/02)
1932 Jul 31, Adolf Hitler's
Nationalist Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazis) doubled its
strength in legislative elections. Nazi Party won 37.3% of the vote.
(HN,
7/31/98)(www.germanculture.com.ua/july/july31.htm)
1932 Jul, The Dow Jones Industrial
fell to 41.89, a point above where the average began in 1896.
(WSJ, 5/20/96, p. C-1)
1932 Aug 2, Peter O'Toole, actor
(Lord Jim, Beckett, Lawrence of Arabia), was born in Ireland.
(HN, 8/2/00)(MC, 8/2/02)
1932 Aug 4, Luigi Beccali
(1907-1990), Italian athlete, won Olympic gold in the 1500 meters. He
gave a Fascist salute at the winners’ podium.
(WSJ, 4/12/08, p.R2)(http://tinyurl.com/6al4up)
1932 Aug 7, Abebe Bikila (d.1973),
barefoot runner from Ethiopia, winner of the 1960 Olympic marathon, was
born.
(HN, 8/7/98)(www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7ZLB1-Ofyw)
1932 Aug 12, Porter Wagoner,
country singer, discovered Dolly Parton (Y'All Come), was born.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1932 Aug 12, The DJIA dropped 8.4%
(SFC,10/17/97, p.B2)
1932 Aug 13, Adolf Hitler refused
President Hindenburg’s offer to serve as Franz Von Papen's vice
chancellor saying he was prepared to hold out "for all or nothing."
(AP, 8/13/97)(HN, 8/13/98)
1932 Aug 14, Philips made its 1
millionth radio.
(MC, 8/14/02)
1932 Aug 14, Rin Tin Tin, US
Hollywood dog, died.
(MC, 8/14/02)
1932 Aug 17, Chet Allen, actor
(Jerry-Bonino, Slats-Troubleshooter), was born in Chickasha, Okla.
(SC, 8/17/02)
1932 Aug 17, John (Red) Kerr,
basketball coach, was born.
(HN, 8/17/00)
1932 Aug 17, V.S, Naipaul
(b.1932), English novelist (Middle Passage), was born in Chaguana,
Trinidad. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2001.
(SFC, 10/12/01, p.C1)(SC, 8/17/02)
1932 Aug 18, Luc Montagnier,
virologist, was born. He discovered the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).
(HN, 8/18/00)
1932 Aug 18, Auguste Piccard and
Max Cosijns reached 16,201m in a balloon.
(MC, 8/18/02)
1932 Aug 22, BBS began
experimental regular TV broadcasts.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1932 Aug 24, Amelia Earhart became
the first woman to fly nonstop across the United States, traveling from
Los Angeles to Newark, N.J., in just over 19 hours.
(AP, 8/24/97)
1932 Aug 25, Anatoli Yakovlevich
Kartashov, Russian cosmonaut, was born.
(MC, 8/25/02)
1932 Aug 25, Amelia Earhart
completed a transcontinental flight.
(chblue.com, 8/25/01)
1932 Aug 27, Antonia Fraser,
biographer (Mary Queen of Scots), was born.
(MC, 8/27/02)
1932 Aug 27-28, In England 200,000
textile workers went on strike.
(MC, 8/27/01)
1932 Aug 30, Nazi leader Hermann
Goering was elected president of the Reichstag.
(HN, 8/30/98)
1932 Sep 1, New York City Mayor
James "Gentleman Jimmy" Walker resigned following charges of graft and
corruption in his administration.
(AP, 9/1/97)
1932 Sep 3, In Soviet Russia Pavel
Morozov (13) was allegedly killed by his relatives in Gerasimovka for
having reporting his father to the state authorities. In 2005 Catriona
Kelly authored “Comrade Pavlik: The Rise and Fall of a Soviet Boy Hero.”
(Econ, 6/4/05,
p.80)(http://encycl.opentopia.com/term/Pavlik_Morozov)
1932 Sep 8, Patsy Cline (d.1963),
country singer, was born in Winchester, Va. Her hits included "Crazy"
and "I Fall to Pieces."
(HN, 9/8/00)(MC, 9/8/01)
1932 Sep 9, The steamboat SS
Observation exploded in NYC East River and 71 were killed.
(MC, 9/9/01)
1932 Sep 10, The Independent City
Owned Rapid Transit Railroad (IND) opened in NYC.
(MC, 9/10/01)
1932 Sep 11, Valentino, fashion
designer for Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, was born in Milan, Italy.
(MC, 9/11/01)
1932 Sep 12, The German Reichstag
under the new chairmanship of Hermann Goring gave a vote of no
confidence to Franz von Papen and his government. Just before that vote
was taken, Papen had slapped an order on Göring's desk dissolving
the Reichstag and calling yet again for new elections.
(www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/collapse.htm)
1932 Sep 13, Paul Gorguloff, the
murderer of French Pres. Doumer, was beheaded.
(MC, 9/13/01)
1932 Sep 19, Mike Royko,
journalist (Chic Daily News) and author (Boss), was born in Chicago.
(MC, 9/19/01)
1932 Sep 20, Gandhi began a hunger
strike against the treatment of untouchables.
(MC, 9/20/01)
1932 Sep 22, The government of the
Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd officially changed its name to Saudi
Arabia.
(www.indiana.edu/~league/1932.htm)
1932 Sep 25, Glenn Gould, concert
pianist best known for his Bach interpretations, was born.
(HN, 9/25/98)
1932 Sep 29, A five-day work week
was established for General Motors workers.
(HN, 9/29/98)
1932 Oct 1, Albert Collins,
guitarist, was born.
(HN, 10/1/00)
1932 Oct 1, Oswald Mosley formed
the British Union of Fascists.
(MC, 10/1/01)
1932 Oct 2, The NY Yankees won the
World Series against the Chicago Cubs in 4 games.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1932_World_Series)
1932 Oct 3, Iraq became
independent after a hundred years of direct foreign rule. Created as a
British mandate after World War I, Iraq received its full independence
when it was admitted into the League of Nations.
(NH, 9/96, p.14)(SFC, 2/24/98, p.A9)(HNQ,
6/20/99)(MC, 10/3/01)
1932 Oct 5, The DJIA dropped 7.2%
(SFC,10/17/97, p.B2)
1932 Oct 10, Dnjepr Dam in USSR,
the world's biggest, was put into operation.
(MC, 10/10/01)
1932 Oct 11, The first American
political telecast took place as the Democratic National Committee
sponsored a program from a CBS television studio in NYC.
(AP, 10/11/02)
1932 Oct 12, Dick Gregory,
comedian, social and political activist and dietician (Bahamian
Diet), was born.
(HN, 10/12/00)(MC, 10/12/01)
1932 Oct 16, Henry Jay Lewis,
conductor and bass player (LA Philharmonic 1955-59), was born in LA,
Calif.
(MC, 10/16/01)
1932 Oct 19, Austria forbade
demonstration by Nazis and antifascists.
(MC, 10/19/01)
1932 Oct 20, Michael McClure, beat
poet, was born.
(HN, 10/20/00)
1932 Oct 22, George Kaufman's and
Edna Ferber's "Dinner at 8," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 10/22/01)
1932 Oct 23, "Fred Allen Show"
premiered on radio.
(MC, 10/23/01)
1932 Oct 25, Mussolini promised to
remain dictator for 30 years.
(MC, 10/25/01)
1932 Oct 27, Sylvia Plath
(d.1963), poet and novelist (Colossus, 3 Women, Bell Jar), was born.
(SFC, 1/19/98, p.A10)(HN, 10/27/00)
1932 Oct 29, The French liner
Normandie was launched.
(MC, 10/29/01)
1932 Oct 30, Louis Malle, director
(Atlantic City, Black Moon, Viva Maria), was born in France.
(MC, 10/30/01)
1932 Nov 1, Werner von Braun was
named head of German liquid-fuel rocket program.
(MC, 11/1/01)
1932 Nov 2, Melvin Schwartz,
physicist, was born. He won the Nobel Prize for work on neutrinos.
(HN, 11/2/00)
1932 Nov 5, Mussolini freed 16,000
criminals.
(MC, 11/5/01)
1932 Nov 6, Don King, fight
promoter, was born.
(MC, 11/6/01)
1932 Nov 8, New York Gov. Franklin
D. Roosevelt defeated incumbent Herbert Hoover for the presidency.
Roosevelt became the 32nd president with about 87% of the Electoral
College.
(AP, 11/8/97)(HN, 11/6/98)(HNQ, 11/7/00)
1932 Nov 9, Nadya Aliluieva (30),
wife of Joseph Stalin, died.
(MC, 11/9/01)
1932 Nov 15, Charles Waddell
Chesnutt (b.1858), author and political activist, died. He is best
known for novels and short stories from Fayetteville, North Carolina.
In 1978 Frances Richardson Keller (1915-2007) authored “An American
Crusade: The Life of Charles Waddell Chesnutt.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_W._Chesnutt)
1932 Nov 17, German government of
von Papen resigned paving the way for a Nazi takeover.
(www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/collapse.htm)
1932 Nov 19, Shaft and Thyssen
demanded that Hitler become German chancellor.
(MC, 11/19/01)
1932 Nov 22, Robert Vaughn, actor
(Napolean Solo- Man from UNCLE, Hamlet, Superman), was born in NYC.
(MC, 11/22/01)
1932 Nov 22, A pump was patented
that computed quantity and price delivered.
(MC, 11/22/01)
1932 Nov 23, The kingdoms of Nejd
and Hejaz merged to become the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia under King Abdul
Aziz Ibn Saud. Abdul Aziz (d.1953) proclaimed the unified Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia was named after King Ibn Saud, founder of
the Saudi dynasty. Abdul Aziz al-Saud fathered 44 sons.
(SFC, 9/1/96, Z1 p.2)(SFEC, 8/23/98, p.A15)(SFC,
5/26/00, p.D3)(WSJ, 11/13/01, p.A14)(AP, 11/23/02)
1932 Nov 27, Benigno Aquino Jr.
(d.1983), Philippine opposition leader; was born.
(MC, 11/27/01)
1932 Nov 28, Benjamin William
Bova, US sci-fi author (Exiled from Earth), was born.
(MC, 11/28/01)
1932 Nov 28, Groucho Marx
performed on radio for the first time this day. Using his fast-paced,
ingenious patter, he invented a new form of comedy that delighted
audiences from coast to coast.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1932 Nov 28, France & USSR
signed not-attack treaty.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1932 Nov 29, Cole Porter's musical
"Gay Divorcee," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 11/29/01)
1932 Nov 29, The Committee on Cost
of Medical Care urged socialized medicine in the United States.
(HN, 11/29/98)
1932 Dec 2, "Adventures of Charlie
Chan" was 1st heard on NBC-Blue radio network.
(MC, 12/2/01)
1932 Dec 2, In Germany Pres.
Hindenburg appointed Gen. Schleicher as Chancellor.
(http://tinyurl.com/2mpz3j)
1932 Dec 5, Richard Wayne Penniman
[Little Richard], singer, was born.
(HN, 12/5/00)
1932 Dec 5, German physicist
Albert Einstein was granted a visa, making it possible for him to
travel to the United States. In 2003 Thomas Levenson authored "Einstein
in Berlin."
(AP, 12/5/97)(SSFC, 4/20/03, p.M2)
1932 Dec 8, Gertrude Jekyll
(b.1843), English gardener and writer, died.
(WSJ, 3/1/08,
p.W16)(http://www.cix.co.uk/~museumgh/jekyll.htm)
1932 Dec 8, Japan told the League
of Nations that it had no control over her designs in China.
(HN, 12/8/98)
1932 Dec 11, Snow fell in San
Francisco and accumulated to 1 inch. Temperatures dropped to a record
low of 27 degrees.
(SFEM, 12/22/96, p.20)(SFC, 12/25/08, p.A14)
1932 Dec 19, The British
Broadcasting Corp. began transmitting overseas with its "Empire
Service" to Australia.
(AP, 12/19/97)
1932 Dec 21, Fred Astaire and
Ginger Rogers made their 1st movie together, "Flying Down to Rio."
(MC, 12/21/01)
1932 Dec 21, Carl McGee, Oklahoma
inventor, applied for a patent for his parking meter. He had came up
with the 1st coin-operated, single-space, mechanical meter to be used
to free up parking spaces in downtown Oklahoma City.
(WSJ, 6/30/05,
p.B1)(www.ok-history.mus.ok.us/enc/parking.htm)
1932 Dec 22, The Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia was proclaimed.
(www.rogersstudy.co.uk/hejaz/al_nahda/al_nahda.html)
1932 Dec 26, Some 70,000 were
killed in a massive earthquake in Kansu, China.
(HN,
12/26/98)(www.disaster-management.net/earthqu1.htm)
1932 Dec 27, Radio City Music Hall
was opened in New York City. The new acoustics proved unpopular. In
2002 Emily Thompson authored "The Soundscape of Modernity," a look at
the early era of modern acoustics.
(HFA, '96, p.44)(AP, 12/27/97)(WSJ, 4/24/02, p.D9)
1932 Dec 30, The USSR barred food
handouts for housewives under 36 years of age. They would now have to
work to eat.
(HN, 12/30/98)
1932 Dec, Marlin R.M. Kemmerer
drew a revolver in the Capital House gallery. Rep. Melvin Maas, a
republican from Minn., convinced the man to drop the gun.
(SFC, 7/25/98, p.A6)
1932 Svetlana Beriosova (d.1998)
was born in Kaunas, Lithuania. Her father, Nicholas Beriozoff, worked
at the Lithuanian State Opera. He later danced for the Ballet Russe de
Monte Carlo. Svetlana went on to become a leading ballerina with the
Royal Ballet of England.
(SFC, 11/14/98, p.A23)
1932 Toshio Asaeda made his
watercolors of Galapagos fishes.
(NH, 5/97, p.12)
1932 Alexander Calder (1898-1976)
made his "Half-Circle, Quarter-Circle and Sphere."
(SFC,11/15/97, p.C6)
1932 Isaac Friedlander made his
wood engraving "The Accordion Player."
(SFC, 2/5/97, p.E1)
1932 Alberto Giacometti made his
bronze sculpture "Femme Egorgee," (Woman With Her Throat Cut).
(SFEC, 9/14/97, BR p.10)(WSJ, 12/19/01, p.A16)
1932 Arshile Gorky created his
"Nightmare, Enigma and Nostalgia" series.
(SFEM, 6/29/97, p.4)
1932 Edward Hopper painted his
"Room in New York."
(SFEC, 5/11/97, BR p.1)
1932 Lois Mailou Jones, Harlem
Renaissance artist, painted "The Ascent of Ethiopia."
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.18)
1932 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"Jimson Weed."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T5)
1932 Picasso painted "The Mirror."
In 1989 it sold for $26.4 mil. and in 1995 for $20 mil. He also painted
"Bather With a Beach Ball" later at New York’s MOMA. His work "The
Dream" sold for $48.4 mil in 1997. His painting "Nu au fauteuil noir"
(nude on a black armchair), a nude portrait of Maria-Theresa Walter,
was auctioned for $45.1 million in 1999. His work "Compotier et
Guitare" sold for $8.9 million in 2000.
(WSJ, 11/21/95, p.A-12)(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(WSJ,
11/25/97, p.A20)(SFC, 11/6/99, p.B1)(WSJ, 11/10/99, p.A4)(WSJ, 5/12/00,
p.W16)
1932 J.R. Ackerly authored "Hindoo
Holiday." It is about a small Indian kingdom seen through the eyes of a
homosexual Englishman.
(WSJ, 7/6/01, p.W11)
1932 Columbia professor Adolf
Berle and researcher Gardiner Means wrote "The Modern Corporation and
Private Property," wherein they argued that with the rise of the public
corporation, the owners had lost control and that managers had gained
the upper hand over small shareholders. They called for more regulation
to check abuses.
(WSJ, 4/18/96, p.C-1)(WSJ, 6/26/02, p.A18)(WSJ,
3/22/04, p.A12)
1932 Louis-Ferdinand Celine
(1894-1961), French physician and writer, authored “Journey to the End
of Night.”
(www.kirjasto.sci.fi/lfceline.htm)(WSJ, 9/23/06,
p.P8)
1932 Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald
authored her novel “Save Me the Waltz.”
(SSFC, 6/20/04, p.M6)
1932 Aldous Huxley wrote "Brave
New World." A 2-hour TV version was made in 1998.
(WSJ, 4/13/98, p.A20)
1932 John Steinbeck wrote his
novel "The Red Pony." It was made into a 1948 film.
(SFEC, 6/21/98, DB p.35)
1932 Philip Stong published his
novel “State Fair.” It was made into a non-musical film in 1933 and in
1945 became a musical film with songs by Richard Rogers and Oscar
Hammerstein.
(WSJ, 8/16/06, p.D12)
1932 Latin Prof. Berthold L.
Ullman of the Univ. of Chicago authored "Ancient Writing and Its
Influence."
(WSJ, 11/16/99, p.A1)
1932 Carl Schmitt authored his
classic "The Concept of the Political." [see 1927]
(WSJ, 10/11/01, p.A20)(WSJ, 10/19/01, p.W19)
1932 Laura Ingalls Wilder wrote
"Little House in the Big Woods," the first of a series. A biography
"Laura Ingalls Wilder: Storyteller of the Prairie" was written in 1997
by Ginger Wadsworth.
(SFEC, 3/30/97, BR. p.10)
1932 Eugene O’Neill’s play,
"Strange Interlude," opened in Quincy, Mass. The crowds saved the
restaurant across the street owned by Howard Johnson.
(SFEC, 12/6/98, Z1p.10)
1932 The Disney short film
“Flowers and Trees” was the first cartoon made in full-color
Technicolor and was the first animated film to win an Oscar.
(WSJ, 6/28/08, p.W6)
1932 The Milton Ager and Jack
Yellen song “Happy Days Are Here Again” was used as the campaign song
for the election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
(SFC, 1/19/09, p.E1)
1932 Berthold Goldschmidt
(1903-1996), composer and conductor, had his first opera "Der Gewaltige
Hahnrei" (The Splendid Cuckold) performed in Mannheim. His later work
included a "Clarinet Quartet" (1983), the choral work "Belsatzar"
(1985) and his 3rd (1988) and 4th (1992) string quartets.
(SFC, 10/19/96, A22)
1932 Edna Ferber and George S.
Kaufman co-wrote the Broadway comedy "Dinner at Eight."
(WSJ, 2/9/96, p.A-10)
1932 The Kurt Weill production of
"Die Burgschaft" had its premier in Berlin. It depicted the decline of
a society based on power and money.
(WSJ, 6/7/99, p.A16)
1932 Bob Hope made his radio debut
on the "Capitol Family Hour."
(SFC, 10/24/96, p.D5)
1932 The national radio show "One
Man’s Family" premiered. It was about a fictional San Francisco family.
(SFEC, 3/30/97, BR. p.4)
1932 Fletcher Henderson scored a
major hit with Jelly Roll Morton's "King Porter Stomp."
(SFC, 5/24/03, p.D3)
1932 Darius Milhaud recorded "La
Creation de monde" with 19 members of the Orchestre du Theatre du
Champs-Elyssees, the band that premiered the work in 1923.
(SFEM, 6/9/96, p.32)
1932 Arnold Schoenberg composed
"Moses und Aron." The 3rd act was never completed.
(WSJ, 2/18/99, p.A20)
1932 The Boerentoren (Farmer’s
Tower) in Antwerp, Belgium was completed. It was referred to as
Torengebouw, or the Tower Building, and was Europe’s first skyscraper
at 27 stories.
(Hem., 7/95, p.30)
1932 The new Student Publications
Building of the Univ. of Michigan, designed by UM alumni, opened.
(LSA, Fall/06, p.63)
1932 In Oakland, Ca., the Morcom
garden was built as a Works Progress Administration (WPA) project. The
8-acre park included a lily pond and a cascading waterfall.
(SFC, 9/21/09, p.D2)
1932 The 18-hole Sharp Park Golf
Course opened in Pacifica, Ca. SF park superintendent John McLaren had
hired Alister MacKenzie to design the course on land donated by sugar
magnate Adolph Spreckels.
(SFC, 8/31/09, p.A1)
1932 The Cowles Commission for
Research in Economics was founded by the businessman and economist,
Alfred Cowles. It was dedicated to the pursuit of linking economic
theory to mathematics and statistics. The Cowles Commission initially
found its home in Colorado Springs under the directorship of Charles F.
Roos.
(http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/schools/cowles.htm)
1932 Elmer Doolin of Texas gave a
border cook $100 for a corn chip recipe that grew to become Fritos.
(SFEC, 1/17/99, Z1 p.1)
1932 Lefty O’Doul (d.1969),
baseball star, was the National League batting champ with the Brooklyn
Dodgers.
(SFC, 3/5/96, p.C1)(SFC, 7/18/97, p.A9)
1932 John Galsworthy (1867-1933),
English novelist and dramatist, won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
(WUD, 1994, p.581)
1932 Werner C. Heisenberg
(1901-1976), Germany physicist, won the Nobel Prize in physics.
(SFC, 2/7/02,
p.A2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg)
1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt was
nominated at the Democratic Convention in Chicago and proposed the New
Deal. He was elected.
(TMC, 1994, p.1932)(WSJ, 8/26/96, p.A1)
1932 In the presidential campaign,
President Herbert Hoover warned Americans that if the "New Deal"
proposed by Democrat Franklin Roosevelt came to power, "the grass will
grow in the streets of a hundred cities, a thousand towns; the weeds
will overrun the fields of millions of farms…." Roosevelt won the
election and quickly implemented his "New Deal" policies to bring
America out of the Great Depression.
(HNQ, 7/13/98)
1932 Pres. Hoover pushed through a
ferocious tax increase to balance the budget and restore "confidence."
(WSJ, 9/25/02, p.D8)
1932 The Great Sand Dunes in
Colorado were declared a national monument by Pres. Herbert Hoover.
(AP, 9/12/04)
1932 John Nance Garner, speaker of
the House of Representatives, won the nomination on the Democratic
presidential ticket. Vice President in the first two Franklin Roosevelt
administrations, Garner later described the position of vice president
of the U.S. as "not worth a bucket of warm spit."
(HNQ, 7/22/99)
1932 The US government began its
40-year Tuskegee Syphilis Study on 623 black men in rural Macon County,
Ala. It ended in 1972 after Health Service investigator Peter Buxton
exposed the study's unethical procedures.
(SSFC, 1/25/04, p.A27)
1932 Federal charges were brought
against Samuel Insull, who had bribed lawmakers and the Illinois Power
Commission to prevent local governments from generating their own
power. His investors lost over $1 billion. Insull fled the country, was
extradited, tried and acquitted of all charges.
(SSFC, 7/14/02, p.G2)
1932 The New York Supreme Court
decreed: "Of all the expensive hobbies, the collection of wives is
among the most expensive."
(SFC, 7/14/96, Z1 p.2)
1932 Over [5,000] 5,700 banks
failed in the US this year.
(TMC, 1994, p.1932)(SFEC, 11/5/00, pen 2)
1932 The Communist Party asked
Whittaker Chambers to serve as courier for the Soviet espionage
networks in the US. Chambers had entered Columbia Univ. in 1920 with
classmate Lionel Trilling and studied under Mark Van Doren. His
biography, "Whittaker Chambers," by Sam Tanenhaus was published in 1997.
(WSJ, 2/20/97, p.A18)
1932 The Dust Bowl hit the US and
12 million people were out of work, 24% of the labor force. 30 million
were unemployed in all the major industrial countries.
(TMC, 1994, p.1932)(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R25)
1932 GE Capital was founded as
General electric contracts corp. to provide financing to support the
groups industrial businesses.
(Econ, 3/21/09, p.73)
1932 The first automatic chokes
were featured in automobiles.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1932 Ford introduced the first
low-cost V-8 engine. Industry experts in 1996 picked the 1932 Ford V-8
as the number 10 favorite car.
(F, 10/7/96, p.68)(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1932 RCA severed its ties to GE
and Westinghouse.
(WSJ, 11/4/99, p.B6)
1932 Night flying was introduced
in the US and transcontinental travel was cut to 24 hours.
(Ind, 11/16/02, 5A)
1932 George Blaisdell founded the
Zippo Manufacturing Co. The bottom of every Zippo lighter was marked
with slashes, dots or other symbols to identify its year of production.
(WSJ, 8/4/95, p.B-1)
1932 Charles Revson (1906-1975),
his brother Joseph, and chemist Charles Lachman, founded Revlon in NYC
to manufacture and market nail polish.
(SFC, 8/10/05,
p.G4)(www.revsonfoundation.org/about_chr.htm)
1932 Kenton Hardware Manufacturing
Co., founded in Ohio in 1890 as a lock maker, began making toy concrete
mixers under the Jaeger brand name. The company closed in 1952.
(SFC, 5/28/08, p.G2)
1932 The Scotch tape dispenser was
invented.
(SFC, 7/14/99, p.7)
1932 George Wald (d.1997 at 90),
helped discover Vitamin A in the retina and retinol as a component of
the visual cycle as a National Research Council fellow in Germany. In
1967 he won a Nobel Prize for his work on the biochemistry of vision.
(SFC, 4/14/97, p.A19)
1932 Dr. Louis K. Diamond (d.1999
at 97) and Dr. Kenneth Blackfan discovered that 4 infant diseases were
manifestations of erythroblastosis fetalis, called Rh disease. In 1946
Dr. Diamond and Dr. Fred Allen began performing transfusions through
newborn's umbilical vein.
(SFC, 6/26/99, p.A23)
1932 Carl Anderson confirmed Paul
Dirac’s prediction of antimatter with his discovery of a positron or
positive electron or antielectron.
(NG, May 1985, J. Boslough, p. 654)(NH, 5/96, p.72)
1932 John Cockcroft and Ernest
Walton invented the particle accelerator. It extracted protons or
electrons from atoms of hydrogen gas.
(NG, May 1985, J. Boslough, p. 650)
1932 James Chadwick discovered the
neutron. This neutron has almost the mass as a proton but no electrical
charge.
(NG, May 1985, J. Boslough, p. 642)(BHT, Hawking,
p.64)
1932 John von Neumann adduced a
mathematical proof that no "realistic" theory could match the
predictions of quantum physics.
(WSJ, 1/23/97, p.A12)
1932 Alfonso Caso, dean of Mexican
anthropologists, published the results of his discoveries at Mt. Alban
in Oaxaca. "It is our problem to learn why the Mixtecs buried their
nobles in this ancient Zapotecan tomb."
(RFH-MDHP, p.255,273)
1932 Richard Pough took photos of
piles of dead and dying hawks, shot as a pastime from Hawk Mountain in
Kempton, Pennsylvania, during their migration. The photos inspired the
transformation of the site to a sanctuary by 1934.
(NH, 10/96, p.48)
1932 San Diego was the suicide
capital of the country.
(SFEC, 5/2/99, Z1 p.1)
1932 Hart Crane (b.1899), American
poet, committed suicide by jumping off a ship in the Atlantic Ocean.
(WSJ, 8/19/97, p.A17)
1932 Rin Tin Tin, German shepherd
canine film star, died at age 16.
(SFEC, 7/2/00, DB p.32)
1932 Julius Rosenwald (b.1862),
president of Sears, Roebuck & Co., died. By 1931 he had financed
the construction of 5,295 schools throughout the South in association
with Booker T. Washington and William Baldwin Jr., a Boston railway
executive and founder of the Urban League.
(WSJ, 2/24/98, p.A22)(WSJ, 4/23/02, p.D7)
1932 In Australia Sidney’s Harbor
Bridge between north and south Sydney was completed after 10 years. It
was supposed to be the world's longest single-span bridge on
completion, but New York’s Bayonne Bridge beat it by 25 inches.
(SFEC, 1/4/98, p.T1)(USAT, 9/17/99, p.1D)(SFEC,
9/10/00, p.T12)
1932 Phar Lap, an Australian race
horse, took ill and died after being taken to the United States. The
giant New Zealand-born chestnut became an icon in Australia during the
Great Depression, winning 37 of his 51 races, including one Melbourne
Cup in 1930 and two Cox Plates in 1930 and 1931. In 2008 tests proved
that Phar Lap was poisoned by arsenic.
(AFP, 6/19/08)
1932 Brazilian women won the right
to vote.
(SFC, 9/25/96, p.A1)
1932 A British team at Cambridge
Univ. split the atom. Mark Oliphant (d.2000 at 98) was a member of the
team at Cavendish Laboratory.
(SFC, 7/18/00, p.A22)
1932 Chile and Peru signed an
extradition treaty.
(Econ, 11/12/05, p.40)
1932 The Danish LEGO Group was
founded by Ole Kirk Christiansen.
(www.lego.com/eng/info/default.asp?page=group)
1932 In France the Basler
Handelbank affair broke out. The president and vice-president of the
commercial bank in Basle were arrested in Paris by the French police.
In their trunks, the investigators found the list of 2,000 French
clients who had confidentially deposited their holdings in Switzerland.
They represented all of French high society: a few senators, a former
minister, bishops, generals and manufacturers.
(Econ, 3/7/09,
p.62)(http://swiss-bank-accounts.com/e/banking/secrecy/handelsbank.html)
1932 Paul Ricard (1909-1997) mixed
liquorice, aniseed and star aniseed to make the aperitif that he called
Ricard pastis. His brand became a market leader and he became one of
the country’s richest and most influential men. The Ricard firm later
became Pernod Ricard.
(SFC,11/8/97, p.A22)(Econ, 4/5/08, p.68)
1932 In Germany there was a
transport workers’ strike in Berlin in which the Communists
collaborated with the Nazis against the democratic Weimar Republic.
(WSJ, 6/02/97, p.A20)
1932 In Greece Aristotle Onassis
bought his first 6 freight ships. He became a shipping magnate worth
$500 million when he died in 1975.
(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R49)
1932 Fianna Fail, led by Irish
premier Eamon de Valera, won a majority in the Dail Eireann, the Irish
legislative assembly.
(ON, 9/04, p.7)
1932 Edmund Safra (d.1999) was
born to a banking family in Beirut. The Safras left for Brazil in 1948.
(SFC, 12/4/99, p.A15)
1932 Lebanon counted the number of
adherents to various religions in order to share out power under a
system known as confessionalism. As of 2008 this was Lebanon’s last
census.
(Econ, 12/22/07, p.99)
1932 In Mali French colonial
authorities planned a 2.47 million acre irrigation project to grow
cotton and rice and to develop hydropower in the Mali desert. By 1982
only 6% of the region was developed. The World Bank took over in 1985
with some success in farming rice.
(SFC, 12/21/07, p.A31)
1932 The Los Flamingos Hotel was
built in Acapulco, Mexico. John Wayne and a number of Hollywood pals
bought it in 1954 and closed it to the public.
(SSFC, 11/2/03, p.C6)
1932 Mexico abolished the death
penalty.
(SFC, 1/16/02, p.A3)
1932 In Russia the Gorky
Automobile Works (GAZ) was founded in Nizhny Novgorod.
(USAT, 10/9/98, p.12A)
1932 In Spain the town of Bunol
banned bullfighting. An annual Tomatina festival later took its place
where participants pelt each other with tomatoes. [see 1944-45]
(SFC, 8/29/96, p.A12)
1932-1933 Stalin imposed terror and famine on the
Ukraine, Kuban and Kazakhstan that was carried out be Lazar Kaganovich.
Millions died in the famine. Stalin provoked what the Ukrainians called
the Great Famine as part of his campaign to force Ukrainian peasants to
give up their land and join collective farms. During the height of the
famine, which was enforced by methodical confiscation of all food by
the Soviet secret police, cannibalism was widespread.
(WSJ, 2/14/96, p.A-15)(SFC, 4/3/97, p.C2)(AP,
11/26/05)
1932-1934 Pablo Picasso painted the Head of
Marie-Theresa "suavely abstracted into a bowl of fruit."
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)
1932-1935 The Chaco War was fought between Paraguay
and Bolivia. The war was waged over disputed territory in the Chaco
Boreal, a plain shared by both South American countries. Although
outnumbered and poorly equipped, the Paraguayan army won every major
engagement with the Bolivians. Some 90,000 people were killed in the
war. A commission of neutral nations awarded most of the disputed
territory to Paraguay in 1938.
(HNQ, 7/18/98)(SFC, 8/17/06, p.A10)
c1932-1936 The approximate number of "Okies" who fled
to California during the Dust Bowl was 300,000-400,000. Already
battered by the Great Depression, small farmers in eastern Colorado,
western Texas and Kansas, and Oklahoma were devastated by a dry-weather
cycle that created swirling dust storms in the mid-1930s. Those who
fled the farms for work in California were dubbed "Okies," a term
popularized by John Steinbeck’s 1939 novel The Grapes of Wrath. The
Okies sought a stable life in California on farms of their own but were
largely forced to become migrant workers in California’s great
agricultural valleys and live in ramshackle shantytowns.
(HNQ, 9/29/98)
1932-1947 Louis Armstong recorded for RCA Victor and
the records "The Complete RCA Victor Recordings" resulted.
(SFC, 7/4/97, p.D9)
1932-1968 The Chisso Corporation, located in Kumamoto
Japan, dumped an estimated 27 tons of mercury compounds into Minamata
Bay. The name Minamata Disease was coined in 1956 to identify villagers
suffering dizzy spells with troubles walking and speaking. Growing
numbers fell into convulsions, wasted away and died.
(www.american.edu/TED/MINAMATA.HTM)
1932-1990 Ralph Humphrey, New York abstract painter.
His work included Thin Edge (1981-82).
1932-1995 Louis Malle, French film-maker, he directed
such films as: Atlantic City, My Dinner with Andre and Au Revoir, Les
Enfants. He died of lymphoma on 11/23/95.
(WSJ, 11/27/95, p.A-1)
World War timeline 1933:
http://history.acusd.edu/gen/WW2Timeline/start.html
1933 Jan 3, The Japanese took
Shuangyashan, China, killing 500 in the process.
(HN, 1/3/99)
1933 Jan 5, In San Francisco
federal judge Harold Lauderback ordered the auction of 2,245 gallons of
moonshine that had been seized in raids.
(SSFC, 1/4/09, DB p.50)
1933 Jan 5, Work on Golden Gate
Bridge began on the Marin County side of SF Bay.
(MC, 1/5/02)
1933 Jan 5, The 30th president
(1923-1929) of the United States, Calvin Coolidge, died in Northampton,
Mass., at age 60. In 1998 Robert Sobel published his biography:
"Coolidge: An American Enigma." Robert Ferrell published "The
Presidency of Calvin Coolidge." In 2006 David Greenberg authored
“Calvin Coolidge.”
(AP, 1/5/98)(WSJ, 6/16/98, p.A17)(WSJ, 8/7/98,
p.W13)(WSJ, 12/12/06, p.D8)
1933 Jan 8, Charles Osgood, news
anchor (CBS Weekend News), was born in NYC.
(MC, 1/8/02)
1933 Jan 12, US Congress
recognized the independence of the Philippines.
(MC, 1/12/02)
1933 Jan 12, An uprising of
Guardia Civil in Spain left 25 dead.
(MC, 1/12/02)
1933 Jan 16, Oleg Grigoryevich
Makarov (d.2003 at 70), USSR cosmonaut (Soyuz 12, 18A, 27, T-3), was
born.
(MC, 1/16/02)(SFC, 5/31/03, p.A21)
1933 Jan 18, Ray Dolby, sound
expert, inventor (Dolby noise limiting system), was born.
(MC, 1/18/02)
1933 Jan 18, The White Sands
National Monument in NM was established.
(MC, 1/18/02)
1933 Jan 21, Itzhak Fuks, Israeli
El Al captain, was born. He was captain of the Jumbo Jet that crashed
in Amsterdam on Oct 4, 1992.
(MC, 1/21/02)
1933 Jan 21, The League of Nations
rejected Japanese terms for settlement with China.
(HN, 1/21/99)
1933 Jan 25, Corazon Aquino was
born as Corazon Cojuangco. She defeated the corrupt Ferdinand Marcos to
become the President of the Philippines (1986-1992). Her husband had
been killed by Marcos’ gunmen.
(HN, 1/25/99)(www.answers.com/topic/coraz-n-aquino)
1933 Jan 27, Mohamed Al Fayed, CEO
of Harrods, was born.
(MC, 1/27/02)
1933 Jan 28, Susan Sontag,
American essayist and novelist, was born. Her works included "The Style
of Radical Will" and "Illness as a Metaphor."
(HN, 1/28/99)
1933 Jan 30, German President Paul
von Hindenburg made Adolf Hitler chancellor. After World War I, Germany
fell into disarray and looked for a leader to strengthen it again.
Hitler had emerged after joining the Nazi Party in 1919 and taking it
over in 1921. In 1932 Hitler ran against von Hindenburg and lost--but
not by a wide margin. The Nazis won 230 seats in the German parliament
and continued to gain influence, stifling democracy and communism by
force and by making laws against them. After Hindenburg's death in
1934, Hitler proclaimed himself Der Führer of the Third Reich and
continued as Germany's leader through World War II. Gen. Kurt von
Hammerstein-Equord tried to block the appointment of Hitler as
chancellor but was overruled by Pres. Hindenburg.
(AP, 1/30/98)(HN, 1/30/99)(HNPD, 1/31/99)(SFC,
2/5/00, p.A19)
1933 Jan 30, The first episode of
the "Lone Ranger" radio program was broadcast on station WXYZ in
Detroit. The show was created by George Washington Trendle and Fran
Striker. The show ran for 21 years on ABC radio.
(AP, 1/30/98)(SFC, 12/29/99, p.A11)(MC, 1/30/02)
1933 Feb 1, German Parliament was
dissolved and Gen Ludendorf predicted catastrophe.
(MC, 2/1/02)
1933 Feb 2, Adolf Hitler dissolved
Parliament 2 days after becoming chancellor.
(MC, 2/2/02)
1933 Feb 2, Reichstag President
Herman Goring banned communist meetings and demonstrations in Germany.
(MC, 2/2/02)
1933 Feb 2, Than Shwe, later
military ruler of Myanmar (1992), was born.
(WSJ, 5/15/08,
p.A9)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Than_Shwe)
1933 Feb 4, German Pres. Von
Hindenburg limited freedom of the press.
(MC, 2/4/02)
1933 Feb 6, Walter E. Fountroy,
U.S. Delegate to the House of Representatives and civil rights leader,
was born.
(HN, 2/6/99)
1933 Feb 6, The 20th Amendment to
the Constitution was declared in effect. The Lame-Duck Amendment
changed the inauguration date of congressmen from March 4 to January 3.
Moving back the inauguration date for newly-elected congressmen reduced
the time that defeated members, or "lame ducks," remain in office.
(AP, 2/6/97)(HNQ, 7/27/98)
1933 Feb 6, Adolf Hitler's Third
Reich began to press censorship.
(HN, 2/6/99)
1933 Feb 6, Highest recorded sea
wave, but not a tsunami, was 34 m. in a Pacific hurricane.
(MC, 2/6/02)
1933 Feb 7, At a Social-Democrat
meeting in Berlin thousands cheered as Marxism was pronounced dead.
(MC, 2/7/02)
1933 Feb 8, Elly Ameling, soprano
(Ilya-Idomeneo), was born in Rotterdam, Holland.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1933 Feb 8, The 1st flight of
all-metal Boeing 247.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1933 Feb 9, The Oxford Union,
Oxford University's debating society, endorsed, 275-153, a motion
stating "that this House will in no circumstances fight for its King
and Country," a pacifist stand widely denounced by Britons. [see Feb 9,
1983]
(AP, 2/9/00)
1933 Feb 10, The first singing
telegram was introduced by the Postal Telegram Company in New York.
(AP, 2/10/97)
1933 Feb 11, Pres. Hoover declared
Death Valley a national monument.
(SFEC, 1/3/99, p.T5)
1933 Feb 13, Kim Novak, actress,
was born.
(HN, 2/13/01)
1933 Feb 15, President-elect
Roosevelt escaped an assassination attempt in Miami. Giuseppa Zangara,
an unemployed New Jersey bricklayer from Italy, fired five pistol shots
at the back of President-elect Franklin Roosevelt's head from only
twenty-five feet away. While all five rounds missed their target, each
bullet found a separate victim. One of these was Mayor Anton Cermak of
Chicago. Gunman Giuseppe Zangara was executed more than four weeks
later, on March 20. [see Mar 6, 20]
(WSJ, 5/24/00, p.A24)(AP, 2/15/07)
1933 Feb 17, Newsweek magazine was
first published by Thomas J.C. Martyn under the title "News-Week."
(AP, 2/17/07)
1933 Feb 17, Blondie Boopadoop
married Dagwood Bumstead in the comic Blondie.
(MC, 2/17/02)
1933 Feb 17, US Senate accepted
the Blaine Act ending prohibition.
(MC, 2/17/02)
1933 Feb 17, The League of Nations
censured Japan in a worldwide broadcast. The rise of militaristic
nationalism led Japan down the road to Pearl Harbor and World War II.
(HN, 2/17/98)
1933 Feb 18, James Corbett
(b.1866), American heavyweight boxing champ, died. He is best known as
the man who defeated the great John L. Sullivan in 1892. Corbett’s 1926
memoir was titled “The roar of the Crowd: the True Tale of the Rise and
Fall of a Champion.”
(AH, 2/06,
p.35)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_J._Corbett)
1933 Feb 19, Herman Goring, Nazi
Prussian minister, banned all Catholic newspapers.
(MC, 2/19/02)
1933 Feb 20, The House of
Representatives completed congressional action on an amendment to
repeal Prohibition. [see Apr 7]
(AP, 2/20/98)
1933 Feb 22, Nazi Herman Goring
formed SA/SS-police.
(MC, 2/22/02)
1933 Feb 24, Final demonstration
of German communist party in Berlin took place.
(MC, 2/24/02)
1933 Feb 24, The League of Nations
told the Japanese to pull out of Manchuria.
(www.indiana.edu/~league/1933.htm)
1933 Feb 25, The 1st genuine
aircraft carrier was christened: USS Ranger.
(MC, 2/25/02)
1933 Feb 26, Sir James Goldsmith
(d.7/18/97), later financier and corporate raider (Referendum Party),
was born in Paris to a Catholic French mother and a German Jewish
father who later moved to Britain and served as a Conservative member
of parliament.
(SFEC, 7/20/97, p.B6)(SC, 2/26/02)
1933 Feb 26, Ground was broken for
the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. Russell Cone was hired to
oversee the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge. He had already
worked on the Philadelphia-Camden (Ben Franklin) Bridge, the
Detroit-Windsor Ambassador Bridge and the Tacony-Palmyra Bridge.
(HN, 2/26/98)(SFC,12/20/97, p.A21)
1933 Feb 27, Jean Genet's
"Intermezzo," premiered in Paris.
(MC, 2/27/02)
1933 Feb 27, Germany's parliament
building, the Reichstag, caught fire. The Nazis blamed the Communists
and used the fire as a pretext for suspending civil liberties and
increasing their power. Georgi Dimitrov, a Bulgarian Communist, was one
of the accused plotters, but was acquitted. After WW II Dimitrov became
the 1st premier of communist Bulgaria. In 2003 Ivo Banac edited "The
Diary of Georgi Dimitrov."
(AP, 2/27/98)(HN, 2/27/99)(WSJ, 6/6/03, p.W9)
1933 Feb 28, Francis Perkins was
appointed Secretary of Labor, the 1st female in cabinet.
(MC, 2/28/02)
1933 Feb 28, German Pres. Von
Hindenburg abolished the free expression of opinion.
(MC, 2/28/02)
1933 Feb 28, Hitler disallowed the
German communist party (KPD).
(MC, 2/28/02)
1933 Feb, The US Congress passed
the 21st amendment to repeal the 18th amendment, which outlawed alcohol.
(SFC, 4/7/96, p.B-11)
1933 Mar 1, Bank holidays were
declared in 6 states to prevent run on banks.
(SC, 3/1/02)
1933 Mar 2, Hollywood premiered
"King Kong" in New York featuring Fay Wray. The film, directed by
Meriam C. Cooper, used stop-motion photography and an 18-inch model for
Kong. The film saved RKO Studios from bankruptcy. It was re-released in
1938 with a scene excised of Kong ripping at Fay Wray’s dress and then
sniffing his finger. It was rated #43 by the Amer. Film Inst. in 1998.
In 2001 it was rated the #12 most thrilling film.
(SFC, 4/13/96, p.E5)(SFC,11/15/97, p.C6)(AP,
3/2/98)(WSJ, 3/19/98, p.R4)
1933 Mar 2, Most powerful
earthquake in 180 years hit Japan.
(SC, 3/2/02)
1933 Mar 3, Mount Rushmore was
dedicated.
(SC, 3/3/02)
1933 Mar 3, NYC premiere of "King
Kong."
(SC, 3/3/02)
1933 Mar 3, German Presidential
candidate Earnest Thälmann (KPD) was arrested.
(SC, 3/3/02)
1933 Mar 4, Henderson, DeSylva and
Brown's "Strike Me Pink" premiered in NYC.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1933 Mar 4, Franklin D. Roosevelt
was inaugurated to his first term as president in Washington, D.C. He
pledged to lead the country out of the Great Depression: "We have
nothing to fear but fear itself." The start of President Roosevelt's
first administration brought with it the first woman to serve in the
Cabinet: Labor Secretary Frances Perkins. He chose Homer Cummings as
his attorney general. Cummings served 5 years and 10 months. Herbert
Hoover was denied the courtesy of Secret Service protection
traditionally accorded an outgoing president.
(AP, 3/4/98)(HN, 3/4/98)(SFC, 1/11/99, p.A5)(HNQ,
1/16/01)(SC, 3/4/02)
1933 Mar 4, Chancellor Dollfuss
dissolved the Austrian parliament.
(www.ad2000.com.au/articles/2005/mar2005p17_1890.html)
1933 Mar 5, Franklin D. Roosevelt
ordered a four-day bank holiday in order to stop large amounts of money
from being withdrawn from the banks.
(HN, 3/5/98)
1933 Mar 5, In German
parliamentary elections, the Nazi Party won 44 percent of the vote,
enabling it to join with Nationalists to gain a slender majority in the
Reichstag.
(AP, 3/5/98)(HN, 3/5/98)
1933 Mar 6, A nationwide bank
holiday declared by President Roosevelt went into effect.
(AP, 3/6/98)
1933 Mar 6, Anton J. Cermak
(b.1873), Czech-born 35th mayor of Chicago, died in Miami following the
Feb 15th assassination attempt by Giuseppe Zangara, who was trying to
shoot FDR. Zangara was executed in the electric chair on March 21,
1933. Cermak became the 2nd US mayor to die in a political killing.
(SFC, 11/28/03,
p.E2)(www.cermak.com/mayor/index3.html)
1933 Mar 6, Poland occupied free
city Danzig (Gdansk).
(MC, 3/6/02)
1933 Mar 7, George Darrow added
some copyrighted art work to the board game Monopoly and began selling
it commercially in Philadelphia. He sold it to Parker Brothers in 1934.
The game had originally been patented in 1904 as the Landlord’s Game by
Elizabeth J. Magie. In Oct 1929 Ruth Hoskins brought a version to
Atlantic City, refined the rules and street names. It was later
introduced to George Darrow.
(HN, 3/7/98)(WSJ, 2/3/05,
p.W12)(http://richard_wilding.tripod.com/history.htm)
1933 May 8, Gandhi began a hunger
strike to protest British oppression in India.
(HN, 5/8/98)
1933 Mar 9, The Emergency Banking
Relief Act of 1933 was signed into law by President Franklin D.
Roosevelt. The Act's primary function was to prohibit the hoarding of
gold coins, and did so by authorizing the United States Treasury to
request all people and companies of the US to send in their gold
reserves.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass-Steagall_Act)
1933 Mar 9, Congress, called into
special session by President Roosevelt, began its 100 days of enacting
New Deal legislation.
(AP, 3/9/98)
1933 Mar 10, Nevada became the
first U.S. state to regulate narcotics.
(HN, 3/10/98)(MC, 3/10/02)
1933 Mar 10, In Long Beach a
6.3-6.4 earthquake killed 115 people.
(SFEC, 10/17/99, p.A3)(WSJ, 6/21/00, p.A1)
1933 Mar 12, President Roosevelt
delivered the first of his radio "fireside chats," telling Americans
what was being done to deal with the nation’s economic crisis.
(AP, 3/12/98)
1933 Mar 12, Hindenburg dropped
the flag of the German Republic and ordered that the swastika and
empire banner be flown side by side.
(HN, 3/12/98)
1933 Mar 13, Banks began to
re-open after a holiday declared by President Roosevelt.
(AP, 3/13/97)
1933 Mar 13, In Germany Wagner’s
opera "Die Meistersinger" was used to celebrate the first
Nazi-dominated Reichstag and became the Third Reich’s national festival
opera.
(WSJ, 8/2/96, p.A10)
1933 Mar 13, Josef Goebbels became
Nazi minister of Information and Propaganda.
(MC, 3/13/02)
1933 Mar 14, Michael Caine,
[Maurice J. Micklewhite Jr.], actor (Alfie), was born in London.
(MC, 3/14/02)(SSFC, 2/9/03, Par p.4)
1933 Mar 14, Winston Churchill
wanted to boost air defense.
(MC, 3/14/02)
1933 Mar 15, Ruth Bader Ginsberg,
U.S. Supreme Court Justice, was born.
(HN, 3/16/01)
1933 Mar 15, The NAACP began a
coordinated attack on segregation and discrimination.
(MC, 3/15/02)
1933 Mar 16, Hitler named Hjalmar
Horace Greeley Shacht president of Bank of Germany.
(MC, 3/16/02)
1933 Mar 18, Unita Blackwell, 1st
black mayor in Mississippi, was born.
(MC, 3/18/02)
1933 Mar 19, Phillip Roth,
American novelist and short-story writer (Portnoy's Complaint), was
born.
(HN, 3/19/01)
1933 Mar 19, Italy's dictator
Benito Mussolini proposed a pact with Britain, France and Germany.
(AP, 3/19/03)
1933 Mar 20, Giuseppe [Joe]
Zangara was electrocuted for an assassination attempt on FDR. [see Feb
15, Mar 8]
(MC, 3/20/02)
1933 Mar 21, Hitler, Goering,
Prince Ruprecht, Bruning and other top army commanders met in Berlin.
(MC, 3/21/02)
1933 Mar 22, During Prohibition,
President Roosevelt signed a measure to make wine & beer containing
up to 3.2 percent alcohol legal. [see Feb 20, Apr 7, Dec 5]
(AP, 3/22/97)(HN, 3/22/97)
1933 Mar 23, Kroll Opera in Berlin
opened.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1933 Mar 23, The German Reichstag
adopted the Enabling Act, which effectively granted Adolf Hitler
dictatorial legislative powers, i.e. the power to rule by decree.
(AP, 3/23/97)(WSJ, 11/26/96,
p.A16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enabling_act)
1933 Mar 26, Vine Deloria, Jr.,
writer, activist, was born.
(HN, 3/26/01)
1933 Mar 27, Some 55,000 people
staged a protest against Hitler in New York.
(HN, 3/27/98)
1933 Mar 27, Polythene was
discovered by Reginald Gibson and Eric William Fawcett.
(MC, 3/27/02)
1933 Mar 27, Japan left the League
of Nations.
(www.indiana.edu/~league/1933.htm)
1933 Mar 28, Nazis ordered a ban
on all Jews in businesses, professions and schools.
(HN, 3/28/98)
1933 Mar 28, German Reichstag
conferred dictatorial powers on Hitler.
(MC, 3/28/02)
1933 Mar 31, Shirley Jones,
actress (Partridge Family, Elmer Gantry), was born in Smithton, Pa.
(MC, 3/31/02)
1933 Mar 31, Congress approved,
and President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed, the Emergency Conservation
Work Act (Reforestation Relief Act), which created the Civilian
Conservation Corps. The US unemployment rate reached 25%. In its nine
years of existence, the New Deal’s Civilian Conservation Corps had a
total of 2.9 million men aged 18 to 25 enrolled. The program was
designed to provide jobs for young men in the national forests,
conservation programs and national road construction. Enacted as one of
President Franklin Roosevelt’s first New Deal programs, it lasted until
World War II. At its high point in September 1935, the CCC had 2,514
work camps across the U.S. with 502,000 men enrolled.
(SFEC, 5/2/99, Z1 p.1)(HNQ, 7/23/99)(AP,
3/31/08)(SSFC, 1/18/09, p.D6)
1933 Mar 31, German Republic gave
dictatorial power to Hitler.
(MC, 3/31/02)
1933 Mar, FDR appointed Dean
Acheson (1893-1953) Under Secretary of the Treasury. Acheson was forced
to resign from the Roosevelt Administration after only six months
because he opposed the president’s plan to devalue the gold content of
the dollar. He remained close to the president however and became an
Assistant Secretary of State in 1941. Acheson served as Secretary of
State from 1949 to 1953 and was a major architect of postwar U.S.
foreign policy.
(ttp://tinyurl.com/c8flq)
1933 Mar, The low point for
America's economy during the Great Depression was in March 1933.
Industrial production was dropping dramatically with output nearly half
of the previous year and unemployment mounting to 15 million. The bank
crisis deepened with banking holidays blanketing the nation and
one-third of the country's railroad mileage in bankruptcy. With the
inauguration of Franklin Roosevelt on March 4, 1933, and his summoning
of a special session of the 73rd Congress, the New Deal policies of
economic reconstruction began.
(HNQ, 11/25/98)
1933 Apr 1, Nazi Germany began
persecuting Jews with a boycott of Jewish-owned businesses. [see Mar 28]
(AP, 4/1/98)
1933 Apr 1, Heinrich Himmler
became Police Commander of Germany (Reichsfuhrer-SS).
(MC, 4/1/02)
1933 Apr 3, The dirigible Akron
crashed into the Atlantic off of New Jersey and killed 73 0f the 76 men
aboard.
(SFC, 9/20/97, p.A21)
1933 Apr 3, Royal Air Force
Lieutenant David McIntyre and the Scottish Marquess of Clydesdale,
flying two open-cockpit Westland aircraft, completed the first
overflight and aerial photographic survey of Mount Everest. The British
Mount Everest team, battled extreme cold and high winds as they
photographed the previously unknown crest of the 29,028-foot peak.
(HNPD, 4/3/99)
1933 Apr 7, "Near beer" (3.2 beer)
became legal after FDR signed an amendment to the Volstead Act, which
had made drinking alcohol a federal crime. Prohibition ended when Utah
became the 38th state to ratify 21st Amendment. [see Dec 5]
(SFC, 4/7/96, p.B-11)(HN, 4/7/97)(MC, 4/7/02)
1933 Apr 7, The 1st two Nazi
anti-Jewish laws barred Jews from legal and public service.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1933 Apr 7, Jan Erik/Eric Jan
Hanussen, Berlin astrologer, illusionist, was murdered.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1933 Apr 8, Manchester Guardian
warned of unknown Nazi terror.
(MC, 4/8/02)
1933 Apr 11, Hermann Goering
became premier of Prussia.
(MC, 4/11/02)
1933 Apr 12, Montserrat Caballe,
soprano (Mimi-La Boheme), was born in Barcelona, Spain.
(MC, 4/12/02)
1933 Apr 13, The first flight over
Mount Everest was completed by Lord Clydesdale. [see Apr 3]
(HN, 4/13/98)
1933 Apr 15, Elizabeth Montgomery,
actress (Samantha/Serena-Bewitched), was born in LA, Calif.
(MC, 4/15/02)
1933 Apr 17, Johnny Roventini
(d.1998 at 86), a Brooklyn-born bellhop, first went on radio during
"The Ferde Grofe Show" to promote Philip Morris cigarettes.
(SFC, 12/3/98, p.D5)
1933 Apr 19, Etheridge Knight,
poet, was born.
(HN, 4/1901)
1933 Apr 19, The United States
went off the gold standard by presidential proclamation. FDR tied this
with orders that 445,000 newly minted gold $20 "Double Eagle" coins be
destroyed. Ten coins escaped and one was scheduled for auction in 2002.
The coin fetched $7.59 million. In 2005 the US Mint recovered 10 double
eagle gold pieces from a family that had sought to authenticate them.
In 2006 Alison Frankel authored “Double Eagle.” [see Jun 5]
(AP, 4/19/97)(SFC, 7/31/02, p.A2)(SFC, 8/12/05,
p.A12)(WSJ, 5/13/06, p.P8)
1933 Apr 22, Dutch government
forbade a left-wing radio address.
(MC, 4/22/02)
1933 Apr 25, Romanian Baron Franz
Nopcsa von Felso-Szilvas (b.1877) killed his long time companion and
secretary, an Albanian named Bajazid Elmas Doda, and committed suicide.
(SFC, 6/8/06, p.A7)(http://tinyurl.com/jffdw)
1933 Apr 26, Carol Burnett,
comedian, actress (Annie, 4 Seasons), was born in San Antonio, Tx.
(MC, 4/26/02)
1933 Apr 26, Jewish students were
barred from school in Germany.
(MC, 4/26/02)
1933 Apr 29, Constantine Cavafy
(b.1863), Greek poet, died in Alexandria, Egypt. The 1996 Greek film
"Cavafy" was a profile of the Greek homosexual poet, and a winner of
Greece’s National Film Award for best feature of the year. Cavafy spent
30 years working as a clerk in the Ministry of Irrigation. In 2006 “The
Collected Poems of C.P. Cavafy,” translated by Aliki Barstone, was
published.
(SFC, 6/18/98, p.E4)(SSFC, 6/24/01, DB
p.64)(www.kirjasto.sci.fi/kafavis.htm)
1933 Apr 30, Willie Nelson,
country singer who sang "On the Road Again" and "To All the Girls I’ve
Loved Before," was born.
(HN, 4/30/98)
1933 Apr 30, The 70-story RCA
Building, later renamed the GE Building, opened to the public at 30
Rockefeller Plaza in NYC. A mural in the building by Diego Rivera that
included a picture of Lenin was destroyed in Feb 1934. The “top of the
Rock” observatory closed in 1986, but was re-opened in 2005.
(WSJ, 11/4/99, p.B6)(SSFC, 11/6/05,
p.F2)(http://archive.rockefeller.edu/faqs/?printer=1)
1933 May 2, In Germany, Adolf
Hitler banned trade unions.
(MC, 5/2/02)
1933 May 3, James Brown, American
singer and songwriter, was born. [see May 3, 1928]
(HN, 5/3/01)
1933 May 3, Nellie T. Ross became
the first female director of the U.S. Mint.
(AP, 5/3/97)
1933 May 3, A white buffalo calf
was born in western Montana. He was later named "Big Medicine" and
lived until Aug 25, 1959. His hide was molded to a mannequin and that
went on display at the Montana Historical Society on Jul 13, 1961.
(Helena Museum flyer, 9/11/97)
1933 May 4, Pulitzer prize was
awarded to Archibald Macleish (Conquistador).
(MC, 5/4/02)
1933 May 7, Johnny Unitas
(d.2002), the son of Lithuanian immigrants, was born in Pittsburgh, Pa.
He became a NFL Quarterback for the Baltimore Colts and San Diego
Chargers. He was voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1979.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Unitas)
1933 May 9, Spanish anarchists
called for a general strike.
(MC, 5/9/02)
1933 May 10, Barbara Taylor
Bradford, author, was born.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1933 May 10, The Nazis staged
massive public book burnings at Opernplatz in Berlin, Germany. Some
40,000 people watched or took part. In the great Nazi book-burning
frenzy Freud’s work went up in flames, with the declaration: "Down with
the soul-devouring exaggeration of instinctive life, up with the
nobility of the human soul!" Also burned were books by "unGerman"
writers such as: Marx, Brecht, Bloch, Hemingway, Heinrich Mann and
Erich Maria Remarque, author of All Quiet on the Western Front.
(AP, 5/10/97)(SFC, 1/8/99, p.A13)(HNPD, 3/24/00)(HN,
5/10/02)
1933 May 10, Paraguay declared war
on Bolivia.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1933 May 11, Louis Farrakhan,
leader of the black Nation of Islam, was born.
(HN, 5/11/98)
1933 May 12, The Federal Emergency
Relief Administration and the Agricultural Adjustment Administration
were established to provide help for the needy and farmers.
(AP, 5/12/03)
1933 May 12, Andrey Andreyevich
Voznesensky, Russian poet, was born.
(HN, 5/12/01)
1933 May 14, Richard P. Brickner,
novelist (The Broken Year), was born.
(HN, 5/14/01)
1933 May 15, 1st voice
amplification system was used in US Senate.
(MC, 5/15/02)
1933 May 18, The Tennessee Valley
Authority Act was signed by President Roosevelt. The TVA proceed to
build damns in the Tennessee Valley.
(AP, 5/18/97)(HN, 5/18/99)
1933 May 20, Danny Aiello, actor
(Moonstruck, Do the Right Thing), was born in NYC.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1933 May 22, John Browning,
pianist (Leventritt Award-1956), was born in Denver, Colorado.
(MC, 5/22/02)
1933 May 22, Loch Ness Monster was
1st "sighted" by John Mackay.
(SFEC,12/797, p.T4)(MC, 5/22/02)
1933 May 24, Dmitri
Shostakovitch's Preludes premiered in Moscow.
(MC, 5/24/02)
1933 May 25, Roger Bowen, actor
(MASH, Main Event, What about Bob, Petulia), was born.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1933 May 27, Walt Disney’s Academy
Award-winning animated short "The Three Little Pigs" was released.
(AP, 5/27/97)
1933 May 27, The US Federal
Securities Act was passed to monitor and regulate stocks and bonds.
(SSFC, 1/18/09, p.D6)
1933 May, Saudi Arabia gave
Standard Oil of California exclusive rights to explore for oil. Socal
formed the California Arabian Standard Oil Co. to drill for oil in
Saudi Arabia.
(www.chevron.com)(SFC, 10/20/04, p.C6)
1933 Jun 2, Bob Rozario, orchestra
leader (Tony Orlando, Marie), was born in Shanghai, China.
(SC, 6/2/02)
1933 Jun 3, Pope Pius XI
encyclical "On oppression of the Church in Spain."
(MC, 6/3/02)
1933 Jun 5, Congress voided any
and all gold clauses in public and private debts. The United States
went off the gold standard. [see Apr 19]
(AP, 6/5/97)(HNQ, 6/6/99)
1933 Jun 6, The US Congress passed
the National Employment Service, creating a national system of public
employment offices.
(SSFC, 1/18/09, p.D6)
1933 Jun 6, Richard M.
Hollingshead Jr., auto products salesman, opened the first drive-in
movie theater, in Camden, NJ. The movie shown was "Wives Beware," an
Adolphe Menjou comedy previously released under the title "Two White
Arms." The number of drive-ins peaked at over 4,000 in 1958.
(SFEC,11/30/97, Par p.2)(Hem, 11/02, p.38)(AP,
6/6/08)
1933 Jun 10, F. Lee Bailey,
American defense attorney, was born. He later defended the Boston
Strangler, Patty Hearst and O.J. Simpson
(HN, 6/10/99)
1933 Jun 10, Robert Porterfield
and 22 other hungry actors opened the doors of the Barter Theater in
Abingdon, Virginia. Admission was 40 cents per head or the equivalent
in produce.
(HT, 3/97, p.14)
1933 Jun 10, Col. Eugene
Northington (53) of the US Army Medical Corps died in SF from X-ray
cancers. He had dedicated his life to pioneering work studying X-rays.
(SSFC, 6/8/08, DB p.58)
1933 Jun 11, Jud Strunk, singer,
comedian (Laugh-In), was born in Jamestown, NY.
(SC, 6/11/02)
1933 Jun 12, The World Monetary
and Economic Conference in London opened and had as its object the
checking of the world depression by means of currency stabilization and
economic agreements. Unbridgeable disagreements among the delegates
from 64 nations and the attitude of the United States made the meeting
a total failure.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Economic_Conference)(Econ,
3/28/09, p.65)
1933 Jun 13, US Congress passed
the Home Owners Refinancing Act, which authorized the Home Owners’ Loan
Corporation. Large infusions of US federal cash into institutions
through the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, chartered under Pres.
Hoover in 1932, and to households through the Home Owners’ Loan
Corporation, began a recovery out of the Great Depression. This was
noted in a 1983 paper by later Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke.
(www.nps.gov/hofr/upload/On%20this%20day%20in%201933.pdf)(Econ,
9/27/08, p.82)
1933 Jun 13, German Secret State
Police (Gestapo) was established.
(MC, 6/13/02)
1933 Jun 14, Jerzy Kosinski,
Polish-American novelist (The Painted Bird, Being There), was born.
(HN, 6/14/01)
1933 Jun 16, The 2nd US
Glass-Steagall Act, actually the Bank Act of 1933, banned banks from
underwriting stocks. It separated regular banks from investment banks.
It was the 2nd act of the same name. Mr. Glass agreed to attach Mr.
Steagall’s pet amendment, which authorized bank deposit insurance for
the first time. [see 1932]
(WSJ, 8/8/97, p.A11)(WSJ, 4/10/98,
p.A1,6)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass-Steagall_Act)
1933 Jun 16, The US Congress
passed the National Industrial Recovery Act, which established the
Public Works Administration (PWA) and the National Recovery
Administration. A $.25-per-hour standard wage was set as part of the
Act. However, in 1935 the US Supreme Court declared the National
Recovery Act unconstitutional, and the minimum wage was abolished. In
July a code of the NRA instituted a 35 hour week for blue-collar
workers and a 40-hour week for office employees. Minimum wages were
also instituted, ranging from 12 ½ cents an hour for needlework
employees in Puerto Rico to 70 cents an hour for wrecking and salvage
workers in NYC. Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt had employers sign a
“President’s Reemployment Agreement” covering 16.3 million employees.
The employers who signed on agreed to limit work weeks to 40 hours, to
pay a minimum wage of $12-$15 per week (at least 30 cents/hour) and to
not hire children under 16.
(www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1663.html)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_wage)
(http://tinyurl.com/8mxty)(http://tinyurl.com/9t4rn)
1933 Jun 16, US Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC) became effective. The initial deposit
insurance level was set at $2,500.
(www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/1000-200.html)(WSJ, 7/21/08, p.A10)
1933 Jun 17, In the Kansas City
Massacre 1 FBI agent, 4 cops and 1 gangster were killed by the mob.
(MC, 6/17/02)
1933 Jun 19, France granted Leon
Trotsky political asylum.
(HN, 6/19/98)
1933 Jun 22, Dianne Feinstein, 1st
female mayor of SF, (Sen-D-Ca), was born.
(MC, 6/22/02)
1933 Jun 22, Germany became a one
political party country as Hitler banned parties other than the Nazis.
(HN, 6/22/98)
1933 Jun 26, Claudio Abbado,
composer, conductor (London Symph-1982), was born in Milan, Italy.
(MC, 6/26/02)
1933 Jun 27, Gary Crosby, son of
Bing, actor (Which Way to the Front), was born.
(SC, 6/27/02)
1933 Jun 29, Roscoe "Fatty"
Arbuckle (46), US actor (Keystone comedies), died at the Park Central
Hotel in NYC.
(www.2020site.org/fattyarbuckle/bio.html)(SSFC,
6/29/08, DB p.58)
1933 Jul 1, Strauss-Hofmannsthal
opera "Arabella," premiered in Dresden.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1933 Jul 1, German Nazi regime
decreed married women should not work.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1933 Jul 4, Work began on Oakland
Bay Bridge.
(Maggio, 98)
1933 Jul 6, The first All-Star
baseball game was played, at Chicago's Comiskey Park; the American
League defeated the National League, 4-2.
(AP, 7/6/08)
1933 Jul 6-11933 Jul 7, Steponas
Darius and Stasy Girenas, Lithuanian pilots, flew across the Atlantic
and died when their plane crashed near Soldin, Germany (later Poland).
Their portrait is on the 10-litas note.
(LC, 1998, p.4,20)(LHC, 1/8/03)
1933 Jul 9, Oliver Sachs,
neurologist, was born. In 2001 he authored "Uncle Tungsten: Memories of
a Chemical Boyhood," a memoir of his years from 1943-1947.
(SFC, 7/14/96, Z1 p.3)(WSJ, 10/12/01, p.W13)
1933 Jul 10, Jerry Herman,
songwriter, was born.
(HN, 7/10/01)
1933 Jul 10, 1st police radio
system began operations at Eastchester Township, NY.
(MC, 7/10/02)
1933 Jul 13, David Storey, English
novelist (The Sporting Life), was born.
(HN, 7/13/01)
1933 Jul 14, All German political
parties except the Nazi Party were outlawed.
(AP, 7/14/97)
1933 Jul 14, Nazi Germany
promulgated the Law for the Protection of Hereditary Health. It was the
beginning of their Euthanasia program.
(HN, 7/14/00)
1933 Jul 15, Julian Bream,
guitarist, was born.
(MC, 7/15/02)
1933 Jul 15, Wiley Post began the
1st solo flight around world.
(MC, 7/15/02)(ON, 12/03, p.12)
1933 Jul 18, Yevgeny Yevtushenko,
Russian poet, was born in Zima, Russia.
(HN, 7/18/01)(MC, 7/18/02)
1933 Jul 20, Nelson Doubleday,
publisher (Doubleday), owner (NY Mets), was born.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1933 Jul 20, Cormac McCarthy,
novelist (All the Pretty Horses), was born.
(HN, 7/20/01)
1933 Jul 20, Vatican state
secretary Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) signed an accord with Hitler.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1933 Jul 21, John Gardner
(d.1982), poet and novelist (Grendel, October Light), was born.
(HN, 7/21/02)
1933 Jul 21, The DJIA dropped 7.8%
(SFC,10/17/97, p.B2)
1933 Jul 21, Haifa Harbor in
Palestine opened.
(MC, 7/21/02)
1933 Jul 22, American aviator
Wiley Post completed the first solo flight around the world as he
returned to New York's Floyd Bennett Field after traveling for 7 days,
18 and 3/4 hours.
(AP, 7/22/08)
1933 Jul 28, The NFL divided into
two, 5 team divisions.
(SC, 7/28/02)
1933 Jul 28, The first singing
telegram was delivered to vocalist Rudy Vallee for his birthday. It was
the idea of George P. Oslin (1899-1996), a Western Union executive. He
wrote "The Story of Telecommunications" in 1992.
(HFA, ‘96, p.34)
1933 Jul, Rodolphe Agassiz,
recently acquitted of insider trading by the Mass. state supreme court,
died. The court ruled that his 1926 purchase of Cliff Mining stock,
based on a geologist’s estimates, was a perk.
(WSJ, 7/3/02, p.B1)
1933 Aug 1, The National Recovery
Administration's "Blue Eagle" symbol began to appear in store windows
and on packages to show support for the National Industrial Recovery
Act.
(AP, 8/1/08)
1933 Aug 1, The death penalty was
declared for anti fascists in Germany.
(MC, 8/1/02)
1933 Aug 5, President Franklin D.
Roosevelt established the National Labor Board to enforce the right of
collective bargaining. It was later replaced with the National Labor
Relations Board.
(AP, 8/5/08)(SSFC, 1/18/09, p.D6)
1933 Aug 5, Harry V. Hill (50)
drowned off Yerba Buena Island becoming the 1st fatality in the
construction of the SF-Oakland Bay Bridge.
(SSFC, 8/4/08, DB p.54)
1933 Aug 8, The Colleges of the
City of Detroit reorganized as a University.
(WSUAN, Winter 1997, p.8)
1933 Aug 11, Jerry Falwell,
founder of the conservative political lobbying organization, the Moral
Majority , was born.
(HN, 8/10/98)
1933 Aug 14, A wildfire began in
Tillamook, Oregon. It was extinguished on Sep 5 by rain. Some 311,000
acres burned in the wildfire.
(http://www.fact-index.com/t/ti/tillamook_burn.html)(SFC, 8/10/02, p.A5)
1933 Aug 15, Drug Inc., and Int'l.
shoe were removed from the DJIA. Corn Products Refining and United
Aircraft were added.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, p. R-45)(WSJ, 4/8/04, p.C4)
1933 Aug 18, Roman Polanski,
Polish film director best known for Rosemary’s Baby and Chinatown, was
born.
(HN, 8/18/98)
1933 Aug 21, Dame Janet Baker,
mezzo-soprano (Owen Wingrave), was born in York, England.
(SC, 8/21/02)
1933 Aug 25, Wayne Shorter, jazz
saxophonist and composer, was born.
(HN, 8/25/00)
1933 Aug 25, Tom Skerritt, actor
(Ryan's Four, Alien, Big Bad Mama, Pickett Fences), was born in
Detroit, Mich.
(MC, 8/25/02)
1933 Aug 28, For the first time, a
BBC-broadcasted appeal was used by the police in tracking down a wanted
man.
(HTnet, 8/28/99)
1933 Aug 30, Portuguese dictator
Salazar formed secret police (PIDE).
(MC, 8/30/01)
1933 Sep 1, Ann Richards, Gov-Tx.,
was born.
(SC, 9/1/02)
1933 Sep 1, Conway Twitty [Harold
Jenkins], country singer (Hello Darlin'), was born in Miss.
(SC, 9/1/02)
1933 Sep 5, In an uprising known
as the "Revolt of the Sergeants," Fulgencio Batista took over control
of Cuba. Pres. Cespedes and his cabinet abandoned the Presidential
palace the next day.
(www.historyofcuba.com/history/time/timetbl3.htm)
1933 Sep 8, Michael Frayn,
playwright, was born. His work included "A Very Private Life" and
"Noises Off."
(HN, 9/8/00)
1933 Sep 14, Zoe Caldwell, actress
(Prime of Miss Jean Brodie), was born in Australia. In 2001 Caldwell
authored “I Will Be Cleopatra: An Actress’s Journey.”
(www.infoplease.com)(SSFC, 12/16/01, p.M4)
1933 Sep 15, Rafael Fruhbeck de
Burgos, conductor, was born in Burgos, Spain.
(http://wkar.org/90.5/page.php?content=history)
1933 Sep 21, The trial against
Marinus der Lubbe opened. He was accused of starting the Feb 27
Reichstag fire.
(MC, 9/21/01)
1933 Sep 22, Fay Weldon, author,
was born. Her work included "The Life and Loves of a She-Devil."
(HN, 9/22/00)
1933 Sep 25, 1st state poorhouse
opened in Smyrna, Georgia.
(MC, 9/25/01)
1933 Sep 25, The 5th
"extermination campaign" against communists in Nanjing China.
(MC, 9/25/01)
1933 Oct 2, Eugene O'Neill's
comedy "Ah, Wilderness," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 10/2/01)
1933 Oct 4, First issue of Esquire
magazine was published.
(MC, 10/4/01)
1933 Oct 9, Bill Tidy, English
cartoonist (Fosdyke Saga), was born.
(MC, 10/9/01)
1933 Oct 10, At Rio de Janeiro,
nations of the Western Hemisphere signed a non-aggression and
conciliation treaty.
(HN, 10/10/98)
1933 Oct 10, The 1st synthetic
detergent, "Dreft" by Procter & Gamble, went on sale.
(MC, 10/10/01)
1933 Oct 12, Bank robber John
Dillinger escaped from a jail in Allen County, Ohio, with the help of
his gang, who killed the sheriff, Jess Sarber.
(AP, 10/12/07)
1933 Oct 14, The Geneva
disarmament conference broke up as Germany proclaimed withdrawal from
the disarmament initiative, as well as from the League of Nations,
effective October 23.
(AP, 10/14/97)(HN, 10/14/98)
1933 Oct 17, Hugh Bancroft,
president of Dow Jones & Co., died.
(www.nndb.com/people/348/000159868/)
1933 Oct 17, Due to rising
anti-Semitism and anti-intellectualism in Hitler’s Germany, Albert
Einstein immigrated to the United States. He made his new home in
Princeton, N.J.
(AP, 10/17/97)(HN, 10/17/98)
1933 Oct 19, Dallas Egan,
condemned slayer, was executed at San Quentin after California Gov.
James Rolph agreed to allow him 8 ounces of good Kentucky bourbon
whiskey.
(SSFC, 10/19/08, DB
p.58)(www.freeotrshows.com/otr/c/Calling_All_Cars.html)
1933 Oct 23, Germany withdrew from
the League of Nations in light of the failure of the Germans to gain
military parity with the Western powers.
(www.indiana.edu/~league/1933.htm)
1933 Oct 30, Michael S. Dukakis,
(Gov-D-Mass) and presidential candidate (D-1988), was born.
(MC, 10/30/01)
1933 Oct, San Francisco’s Coit
Tower was dedicated. It was built with $100,000 in funds bequeathed by
Lillie Hitchcock Coit. It was designed by Arthur Brown Jr. and contains
frescoes by Mexican artist Diego Rivera. Eliza Wychie Hitchcock Coit
died at age 88 and rests in Cypress Lawn, Colma.
(SFEC, 11/3/96, DB p.33)(HT, 5/97, p.14)(CHA, 1/2001)
1933 Oct, In Germany police
records later revealed that 26,000 communists, Social Democrats, and
other Reich skeptics had been arrested since Hitler took power.
(WSJ, 11/26/96, p.A16)
1933 Nov 4, Hermann Goring,
Hitler's chief minister (1893-1946), and Georgi Dimitrov, Bulgarian
Communist, had a duel of wits over whether Dimitrov was guilty of the
burning of the Reichstag on February 27, 1933. Dimitrov conducted his
own defense winning recognition and acclaim worldwide. He was acquitted
and went to Russia where he became a Soviet citizen.
(www.encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Georgi%20Dimitrov)
1933 Nov 5, Spanish Basques voted
for autonomy.
(MC, 11/5/01)
1933 Nov 7, Pennsylvania voters
overturned blue law, by permitting Sunday sports.
(MC, 11/7/01)
1933 Nov 8, President Roosevelt
unveiled the Civil Works Administration, designed to create jobs for
more than 4 million unemployed.
(AP,
11/8/97)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Works_Administration)
1933 Nov 9, The Civil Works
Administration was created as a short term program designed to carry
the nation over a critical winter while other programs such as the
Federal Emergency Relief Administration were being planned and
developed.
(http://content.lib.washington.edu/civilworksweb/essay.html)
1933 Nov 9, Brooke Hart (22) was
abducted from the parking lot of the family-owned department store in
San Jose, Ca. The 1943 novel “Against a Darkening Sky” by Janet Lewis
was based on the lynching of his accused abductors. The abductors, who
killed Hart, were later captured after police traced their calls
arranging a $40,000 ransom. [see Nov 26]
(SFC, 12/5/98, p.C2)(Ind, 4/28/01, 5A)(SFC, 9/13/05,
p.B3)
1933 Nov 10, Black Blizzard
snowstorm-dust storm raged from SD to Atlantic.
(MC, 11/10/01)
1933 Nov 11, The first of the
great dust storms of the 1930s hit North Dakota.
(HN, 11/11/00)
1933 Nov 12, In Germany 92% of
votes went to National Socialists in the First Reichstag elections in
the one-party state.
(www.ghwk.de/engl/enchron.htm)
1933 Nov 13, The 1st modern
sit-down strike began with Hormel meat packers in Austin, Minn.
(MC, 11/13/01)
1933 Nov 16, The United States and
the Soviet Union established diplomatic relations. President Roosevelt
sent a telegram to Soviet leader Maxim Litvinov, expressing hope that
U.S.-Soviet relations would "forever remain normal and friendly."
(AP, 11/1697)
1933 Nov 17, US recognized USSR
and opened trade.
(MC, 11/17/01)
1933 Nov 23, FDR recalled
Ambassador Welles from Havana and urged stability in Cuba.
(HN, 11/23/98)
1933 Nov 26, In California a mob
attacked the Santa Clara County Jail and dragged out John M. Holmes and
Thomas H. Thurmond for the kidnapping and murder of Brooke Hart (22),
heir to a San Jose department store fortune. The 2 men were hung and
stripped from 2 sycamores at St. James Park, one of which Pres.
McKinley had stood under in 1901 to deliver a speech on American
liberties and the US Constitution. Gov. Rolph said that if anyone was
arrested for the lynching, he would pardon them. [see Nov 9]
(Ind, 4/28/01, 5A)(SFEC, 5/2/99, Z1 p.4)(SFC,
9/13/05, p.B3)
1933 Nov 26, A judge in New York
ruled the James Joyce book "Ulysses" was not obscene and could
therefore be published in the United States.
(AP, 11/26/07)
1933 Nov 29, Japan began the
persecution of communists.
(MC, 11/29/01)
1933 Dec 1, Rudolf Hess and
Earnest Roehm became ministers in Hitler govt. Nazi storm troops become
an official organ of the Reich.
(HN, 12/1/98)(MC, 12/1/01)
1933 Dec 3, Paul Crutzen, Dutch
chemist, was born.
(HN, 12/3/00)
1933 Dec 4, Jack Kirkland's
"Tobacco Road," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 12/4/01)
1933 Dec 5, Prohibition was
repealed--much to the delight of thirsty revelers--when Utah became the
36th state to ratify the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The
nationwide prohibition of the manufacture, sale or transportation of
alcoholic beverages was established in January 1919 with passage of the
18th Amendment. Prohibition's supporters gradually became disenchanted
with it as the illegal manufacture and sale of liquor fostered a wave
of criminal activity. By 1932, the Democratic Party's platform called
for the repeal of Prohibition. In February 1933, Congress adopted a
resolution proposing the 21st Amendment to repeal the 18th and with
Utah's vote in December, Prohibition ended. Three-quarters of the
states approved the repeal of the 18th amendment and FDR proclaimed the
end of Prohibition.
(SFC, 4/7/96, p.B-11)(AP, 12/5/97)(HNPD, 12/5/98)
1933 Dec 6, Henryk Mikolaj
Gorecki, composer, was born.
(MC, 12/6/01)
1933 Dec 6, The US ban on James
Joyce' "Ulysses" was lifted. [see Nov 26]
(MC, 12/6/01)
1933 Dec 7, President Roosevelt
adopted a "good neighbor" policy toward Latin America and announced a
policy of nonintervention in Latin American affairs at the December 7th
International American Conference at Montevideo, Uruguay.
(HN, 10/10/98)
1933 Dec 8, Flip Wilson (d.1998),
the fist successful black host of a TV variety show, was born in Jersey
City. He hosted the Flip Wilson Show from 1970-1974.
(SFC, 11/26/98, p.B9)
1933 Dec 8, Patrick Leigh Fermor
(b.1915), London-born student, set off to walk the length of Europe,
from the Hook of Holland to Constantinople. He later recounted his
adventures in “A Time of Gifts” (1977) and “Between the Woods and the
Water” (1986). He was later widely regarded as Britain’s greatest
travel writer.
(WSJ, 11/24/07,
p.W8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Leigh_Fermor)
1933 Dec 11, Reports said Paraguay
had captured 11,000 Bolivians in the war over Chaco.
(HN, 12/11/98)
1933 Dec 15, In San Francisco
Lloyd J. Evans became the first worker on the Bay Bridge to die. He had
been working 112 feet down on the bay bottom and experienced
decompression sickness. An 11-hour effort to revive him in a
recompression chamber failed.
(SSFC, 12/14/08, p.54)
1933 Dec 17, In the first world
championship football game, the Chicago Bears defeated the New York
Giants, 23-21, at Wrigley Field.
(AP, 12/17/08)
1933 Dec 19, Ciciley Tyson,
actress, best remembered for her role in The Autobiography of Ms. Jane
Pittman, was born.
(HN, 12/19/98)
1933 Dec 20, The German government
announced 400,000 citizens were to be sterilized because of hereditary
defects.
(HN, 12/20/98)
1933 Dec 21, Dried human blood
serum was 1st prepared at the Univ. of Pennsylvania.
(MC, 12/21/01)
1933 Dec 21, Newfoundland reverted
to being a crown colony.
(MC, 12/21/01)
1933 Dec 23, Akihito, emperor of
Japan (1989- ), was born.
(MC, 12/23/01)
1933 Dec 23, The Pope condemned
the Nazi sterilization program.
(HN, 12/23/98)
1933 Dec 23, Marinus van der Lubbe
was sentenced to death for Reichstag "Fire."
(MC, 12/23/01)
1933 Dec 24, A Paris express train
derailed and killed 160. Some 300 were injured.
(MC, 12/24/01)
1933 Dec 27, Josef Stalin called
tensions with Japan a grave danger.
(HN, 12/27/01)
1933 Dec 28, President Franklin D.
Roosevelt stated, "The definite policy of the U.S. from now on is one
opposed to armed intervention."
(HN, 12/28/98)
1933 Dec, Excavation began for the
Grand Coulee Dam in Central Washington. The Columbia River dam was
completed in 1941. In 1954 Murray Morgan (1916-2000) authored “The
Dam,” a historical overview of the dam.
(www.users.owt.com/chubbard/gcdam/)
1933 Dec, In France the financial
scandal known as the Stavisky Affair triggered right-wing agitation
that caused a major crisis for the government. In December 1933 the
bonds issued by the credit organization of financier Alexandre Stavisky
were found to be worthless and in January 1934 Stavisky was found dead.
Although ruled a suicide, the French right wing claimed Stavisky had
been killed to cover up the involvement of government officials in the
scandal. [see Feb 6, 1934]
(HNQ, 4/20/99)
1933 Hope Lange (d.2003), film
actress, was born in Connecticut.
(SFC, 12/22/03, p.A20)
1933 Balthus painted "The Street."
(SFEC, 2/6/00, BR p.12)
1936 Salvadore Dali painted
"Myself at the Age of 10 When I was a Grasshopper Child."
(WSJ, 1/26/00, p.A20)
1933 Edgar Leeteg sold his first
painting for $4 and a sandwich. The American expatriate Edgar "Leeteg
coined everything we think of today as velvet." In 1998 the Seattle
Museum of Black Velvet Painting was co-founded by David price with a
mobile collection partly devoted to Leeteg's work.
(WSJ, 2/24/99, p.B1)
1933 Sargent Johnson (1888-1967),
a successful African-American artist in SF, made his sculpture "Forever
Free."
(SFEC, 2/8/98, DB p.31)(SFEM, 3/22/98, p.8)
1933 David Park painted
"Violinists."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)
1933 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted his botanical "Gypsophilia."
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C4)
1933 John Steinbeck (31) published
his 1st California novel: "To a God Unknown." It was about nature and
the ways of God and was set in the Salinas Valley.
(SSFC, 2/24/02, p.C9)
1933 Grant Wood painted his
"Shriner's Quarter."
(WSJ, 3/27/00, p.A46)
1933 Cao Yu (1910-1996), Chinese
realist playwright, published his first play "Thunderstorm." In 1935 he
wrote "Sunrise."
(SFEC, 12/15/96, p.C16)
1933 Vera Brittain wrote
"Testament of Youth." It was one of those books that helped define a
generation. Her biography was written in 1996 by Paul Berry and Mark
Bostridge and titled: "Vera Brittain: A Life." In 1979 the book was
made into a powerful BBC drama.
(WSJ, 5/14/96, p.A-20)
1933 "The Story of Babar" by Jean
de Brunhoff was published.
(SFEC, 2/27/00, BR p.12)
1933 Charles Galton Darwin, a
grandnephew of Francis Gallton, published "The Next Million Years." He
showed that any program of eugenics based on control of human
interbreeding cannot succeed in the long run.
(V.D.-H.K.p.400)
1933 Charles Henri Ford (d.2002 at
94) authored "The Young and Evil," considered by some to be the 1st gay
novel. It was based on Ford’s adventures in Greenwich Village and was
banned in the US until the 1960s.
(SFC, 10/1/02, p.A18)
1933 Vincent T. Hamlin began his
"Alley Oop" comic strip. It was named after words used by French
gymnast and trapeze artists: allez oup.
(SFC, 12/15/01, p.A25)
1933 James Hilton, British writer,
authored his novel "Shangri-La."
(SFEC, 11/28/99, p.A22)
1933 Bob Marshall, founder of the
Wilderness Society, published "The Arctic Village," a collection of
observations on life in Alaska. The book was a best seller. He divided
his royalties with the citizens of Wiseman, Alaska, amongst whom he
lived from 1929-1930. A second book came out the same year: "The
People’s Forests," was an indictment of the timber companies for
mismanaging their lands. Bob argued that the government should take
over most of those lands
(NG, May 1985, M. Edwards, p.679,682)
1933 Arthur Raper (1899-1979),
sociologist, authored “The Tragedy of Lynching.” He was at this time
working for the US federal agency: Commission on Interracial
Cooperation, which had been created after WW I to help black veterans
in the segregated South.
(WSJ, 2/17/07, p.P13)
1933 Gertrude Stein wrote "The
Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas."
(SFC,12/22/97, p.E6)
1933 Franz Werfel wrote his
novel "The Forty Days of Musa Dagh," an account of the 1915 massacre of
Armenians by Turkey. The author's friend, Rabbi Albert Amateau,
testified in 1989 that Werfel was ashamed for having written the book,
learning that he had extensively relied on the forgeries of Aram
Andonian, which provides the only "evidence" of extermination orders.
(http://www.tallarmeniantale.com/musa-dagh.htm)
1933 Nathanael West (1902-1940)
wrote his 2nd novel "Miss Lonelyhearts."
(WSJ, 8/11/97, p.A12)
1933 Carter G. Woodson wrote his
work: "The Mis-Education of the Negro."
(Civilization, July-Aug, 1995, p. 14)
1933 Eugene O’Neill wrote his play
"Ah, Wilderness." It was set in a Connecticut town on Jul 4-5, 1906.
(WSJ, 3/19/98, p.A16)
1933 Col. W. de Basil organized
the Ballet Russes as a successor to the company run by Sergei Diaghilev.
(SFC, 7/15/97, p.A18)
1933 Irving Berlin and Moss Hart
created their Broadway musical "As Thousands Cheer." The "musical
newspaper" ran for 400 performances.
(SFC, 9/14/00, p.F1)
1933 Wilf Carter (aka Montana
Slim, 1905-1996), Canadian singer, had his songs "Swiss Moonlight
Lullaby" and "The Capture of Albert Johnson" released by RCA Victor.
(SFC, 12/11/96, p.A24)
1933 Billie Holiday made her 1st
recording with Benny Goodman. In 2002 a 10-CD box set: "Lady Day: The
Complete Billie Holiday (1933-1944)" was issued.
(WSJ, 3/5/02, p.A14)
1933 Stephane Grappelli, jazz
violinist, and Django Reinhardt, Gypsy guitarist, began playing with
bassist Louis Vola at the Hotel Claridges in Paris and went on to form
formed the Hot Club Quintet.
(SFC, 12/2/97, p.A22)
1933 Art Tatum made his first
piano recordings.
(SFC, 12/28/99, p.C5)
1933 Engineer Russell Cone was
hired to oversee the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge. He had
already worked on the Philadelphia-Camden (Ben Franklin) Bridge, the
Detroit-Windsor Ambassador Bridge and the Tacony-Palmyra Bridge.
(SFC,12/20/97, p.A21)
1933 Dorothy Day issued the first
edition of the Catholic Worker newspaper.
(SFC, 3/30/97, Z1. p.7)
1933 Virginia Cherill married Cary
Grant. The marriage ended after 2 years.
(SFEC, 11/17/96, p.C12)
1933 Joseph Mitchell, New York
newspaperman, covered the story of the Hollinans, an "irascible and
hard-drinking" couple that lived in a Central Park cave.
(WSJ, 12/31/96, p.5)
1933 Lillian Schuman (1906-1996)
and her husband Adolph founded the San Francisco clothing company Lilli
Ann Corp.
(SFC, 6/18/96, p.A17)
1933 The first drive-in theater
opened in Camden New Jersey.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1933 The Int’l. Rescue Committee
was founded at the suggestion of Albert Einstein to help Jews escape
from Nazi, Germany. It later broadened its mandate to cover all
refugees and displaced people.
(SFC, 10/5/02, p.A19)
1933 US News & World Report
was founded by David Lawrence, a conservative publisher.
(WSJ, 9/9/96, p.A1)
1933 Erwin G. "Canon Ball" Baker
(51) drove a Graham-Paige BlueStreak-8 sedan from Los Angeles to New
York solo in 53 hours.
(WSJ, 7/19/02, p.W9)
1933 Myron Scott, photographer,
organized a group of boys racing wheeled crates in Dayton, Ohio into
what became the Soap Box Derby. The official derby began a year later
with 34 winners from all over the Midwest pitted against each other.
(Smith., 5/95, p.26)
1933 Morgan (d.1993) and Marvin
Smith, photographers, arrived in Harlem from rural Kentucky. Their work
was collected in the 1998 book "Harlem: The Vision of Morgan and Marvin
Smith."
(SFEC, 3/8/98, BR p.7)
1933 Photographer Horace Bristol
moved to SF from Ventura Ct. and opened a studio near Union Square. He
soon met Ansel Adams and the members of the Group f/64, a Bay Area
affiliation of photographers that included Imogen Cunningham, Edward
Weston, Dorothea Lange, Otto Hagel and Hansel Mieth. Bristol
collaborated with Steinbeck in 1938 to shoot photographs of migrant
workers in the valley and their work led to Steinbeck’s 1939 "The
Grapes Of Wrath."
(SFC, 8/7/97, p.A18)
1933 Louie Meyer won the
Indianapolis 500 and asked for a glass of buttermilk.
(SFC, 8/7/99, p.D3)
1933 Art Rooney founded the
Pittsburgh Pirates football team for $2,500.
(WSJ, 7/8/08, p.A17)
1933 Sir Norman Angell
(1872-1967), English journalist, won the Nobel Peace Prize. He
was knighted in 1931. From 1928-1931 he had served on the Council of
the Royal Institute of International Affairs, was an executive for the
World Committee against War and Fascism, a member of the executive
committee of the League of Nations Union, and the president of the
Abyssinia Association.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Angell)
1933 Pres. Roosevelt devalued the
dollar and the economy bounced back temporarily from the Depression.
(WSJ, 10/16/98, p.A1)
1933 Roosevelt in his first 100
days recreated the economy with such programs as the: NRA, CCC, TVA and
AAA.
(TMC, 1994, p.1933)
1933 Pres. Roosevelt signed a law
that granted workers the right to choose which labor union they wanted
to join.
(SFC, 9/27/02, p.D11)
1933 Irving Fisher, American
economist, first described how falling prices and high leverage could
foment “debt-deflation.”
(Econ, 11/15/08, p.88)
1933 The California state
legislature approved the Central Valley Project which included the
Shasta and Friant Dams. It became a federally built water system to
sustain California agriculture. The Friant dam was completed in 1944.
(SFC, 12/29/99, Z1 p.1)
1933 The US Army left Alcatraz
Island. In 1934 it reopened as a federal penitentiary.
(OAH, 2/05, p.A6)
1933 Agnes and Eugene Meyer
purchased the Washington Post at a bankruptcy auction.
(USAT, 2/13/97, p.5D)(SFC, 7/18/01, p.A6)
1933 In Pennsylvania the
Pymatuning Dam impounded the Pymatuning Reservoir. It was constructed
to regulate the flow of the Shenango and Beaver rivers. The reservoir
later became a major attraction for tourists, who came to feed the
local carp.
(www.dnr.state.oh.us/parks/parks/pymatuning.htm)(WSJ, 6/16/07, p.A1)
1933 Texas Canyons State Park on
the "Big Bend" of the Rio Grande was established. R.E. Thomason, a
Texas Congressman, introduced legislation for a national park on the
"Big Bend" of the Rio Grande.
(NG, Jan, 1968, p. 107)
1933 Strom Thurmond, South
Carolina politician, first held public office.
(SFEC, 10/27/96, p.A8)
1933 In the US the whole banking
system collapsed on Hoover’s last day in office. The federal government
defaulted when it failed to honor its obligation to bondholders in gold.
(TMC, 1994, p.1933)(WSJ, 12/12/95, p.A-19)
1933 The National Park Service of
the US took charge of 146 acres of Point Loma, San Diego, home of the
Cabrillo National Monument.
(AAM, 3/96, p.52)
1933 John Dillinger was paroled.
He robbed several banks to provide money for his friends’ escape. He
was caught in Ohio, but by then his friends had escaped and they helped
him break out.
(HN, 7/22/99)
1933 The California state
legislature approved the Central Valley Project. It became a federally
built water system to sustain California agriculture.
(SFC, 12/29/99, Z1 p.1)
1933 California voters approved a
constitutional amendment requiring a two-thirds vote by legislators for
budgets. The requirement was extended to tax increases as part of
Proposition 13 in 1978.
(SFC, 2/25/09, p.A1)
1933 The Minnesota Mortgage
Moratorium Law of 1933 was enacted to help farmers hold on to their
property during the Depression.
(WSJ, 5/1/08, p.A15)
1933 Chicago hosted the "Century
of Progress Exhibition." The Sally Rand Fan Dancer clock made by Lux
was sold at the Chicago World’s Fair. Sally Rand performed her
titillating fan dance 16 times a day at the fair and was one of the
most publicized attractions.
(HT, 3/97, p.14)(SFC, 4/15/98, Z1 p.6)
1933 Elrey B. "Jepp" Jeppesen
(1907-1996) began to make and publish navigation charts for aviators
and formed the Jeppesen Sanderson Company to promote the Jeppeson
Airway Manual.
(SFC, 11/30/96, p.A23)
1933 The Ingersoll-Waterbury Co.
of Waterbury, Conn., made the first Mickey Mouse wristwatches.
(SFC, 9/2/98, Z1 p.6)
1933 Chrysler edged past Ford as
the number 2 automaker.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1933 Industry experts in 1996
picked the 1933 Duesenberg as the number 6 favorite car.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1933 AT&T Bell Labs scientists
invented stereo recording.
(WSJ, 9/22/95, p.A-7)
1933 Ernst and Julio Gallo founded
the Gallo winery in Modesto, Ca.
(SFC, 3/24/00, p.B3)
1933 The soft drink Lithiated
Lemon was renamed 7-Up.
(SFC, 3/24/00, p.B3)
1933 Drackett introduced Windex.
(SFC, 3/24/00, p.B3)
1933 Pan American Airlines took
over China Airways, founded by Clement Keys, and renamed it China
National Aviation Corp. (CNAC).
(SFEM, 2/13/00, p.38)
1933 Automatic shifting was
introduced by the Reo Car Co. (1904-1936).
(SSFC, 4/27/08, DB
p.58)(www.canadiandriver.com/articles/bv/reo.htm)
1933 The Shure Brothers went into
business making phonograph cartridges.
(SFC, 9/4/96, z1 p.10)
1933 A design patent (89968) was
issued for Sham-Poodle bottles, a cobalt blue or amber glass bottle
shaped like a poodle that contained dog shampoo.
(SFC, 1/7/98, Z1 p.6)
1933 Frits Zwicky and Walter
Baade, astronomers at Pasadena, suggested that supernovae might form
neutron stars.
(NG, 5/88, p.636)
1933 Robert R. Williams
synthesized and named the nutrient vitamin B1.
(MT, Fall ‘96, p.4)
1933 Northern California’s
4,350-acre Castle Crags state park was created thanks to land purchases
by private citizens. The adjacent federal wilderness area, covering
another 10,500 acres, was established in 1984.
(SSFC, 5/14/06, p.G8)
1933 The state of Maine named the
area around Mt. Katahdin Baxter State Park, after former Gov. Percival
Baxter (1921-1924) who personally donated the land for permanent
preservation. Over 32 years Baxter donated 201,018 acres to the state.
(www.mpbc.org/homestom/timelines/bios/baxter.html)
1933 Nicholas Shoumatoff captured
a couple of small butterflies in Jamaica that were later used to
describe a new subspecies: Thecla celida shoumatoffi, or Shoumatoff’s
hairstreak.
(Nat. Hist. 3/96, p.11)
1933 Malcolm Muggeridge, American
writer and reporter, broke the story on the famine in the Ukraine. His
biography was written by Richard Ingrams: "Muggeridge: The Biography."
(WSJ, 4/17/96, p.A-18)
1933 Count Byron De Prorok
undertook an archeological expedition from Egypt into Ethiopia. His
book "Dead Men Do Tell Tales" described the venture. He pioneered the
use of motion pictures from 1920. His other books included "Digging for
Lost African Gods" (1926), "Mysterious Sahara" (1929) and "In Quest of
Lost Worlds" (1935).
(AM, 9/01, p.64)
1933 Fred Holland Day,
photographer, died. His career is covered in the Winter 1994 issue of
The British journal History of Photography. [see 1864-1933, Day]
(Civilization, July-Aug. 1995, p.40-47)
1933 Reuben Haley (b.1872),
American glass designer, died.
(SFC, 7/19/06, p.G3)
1933 Horace Liveright,
American-Jewish publisher, died. His life is documented in a book by
Tom Dardis titled: "Firebrand: The Life of Horace Liveright."
(WSJ, 8/8/95, p. A-12)
1932 Barzilla L. Marble (b.1851),
Ohio chair maker, died. His B.L. Marble Chair Co. made chairs for homes
from 1894 to 1910, when the company switched to making office
furniture. In 1965 Marble Chair merged with the Dictaphone Corp.
(www.bedfordohiohistory.org/build/marble.php)
1933 Jimmy Rogers, country singer,
died at 35 of tuberculosis. In 1997 Bob Dylan produced the album "The
Songs of Jimmy Rogers: A Tribute" by a variety of artists. He was born
in Meridian, Miss. His biography was written by Nolan Porterfield:
"Jimmy Rogers: The Life and Times of America’s Blue Yodeler."
(SFEC, 8/17/97, DB p.56)(WSJ, 9/26/97, p.A20)
1933 Charles Thompson, head of
Thompson Products, Inc., died. Leadership in the company was passed to
Frederick C. Crawford.
(F, 10/7/96, p.68)
1933 Richard Throssel (b.1882),
photographer and Montana legislator, died. He was a Cree Indian who was
adopted by the Crow tribe and lived on the Montana Crow Reservation
from 1902-1911. A Book of his work by Peggy Albright was published in
1997: "Crow Indian Photographer: The work of Richard Throssel."
(SFEC, 7/27/97, BR p.6)
1933 Louis Comfort Tiffany
(b.1848), American painter, stained-glass artist, and glass
manufacturer, died. He was the son of Charles Lewis Tiffany
(1812-1902), the founder of the Tiffany & Co. jewelry business.
(HFA, ‘96, p.22)(AHD, p.1344)(HN, 2/18/98)(WSJ,
8/4/98, p.A13)
1933 In Afghanistan Nadir Khan was
assassinated by a college student, and his son, Zahir, inherited
the throne.
(www.afghan, 5/25/98)
1933 King Zahir Shah (1914-2007)
began his rule as king of Afghanistan. He kept the country in feudal
backwardness until he was overthrown in 1973. His uncles served as
prime ministers and advisors until 1953.
(SFC, 9/23/96, A9)(www.afghan-web.com/history/)
1933 Mahmud Tarzi, Afghan
intellectual, died in Turkey at the age of 68. He is known as the
father of Afghan journalism.
(www.afghan-web.com/bios/yest/tarzi.html)
1933 Britain was still operating
under the Ten Year Rule which imposed the assumption that the country
would not be engaged in any great war for the next ten years and that
no Expeditionary Force was required.
(WSJ, 10/28/97, p.A22)
1933 British intelligence agents
discovered that the Nazis were defying a ban on weapons imposed at
Versailles.
(ON, 11/05, p.1)
1933 The first unmanned aerial
vehicle (UAV) was the radio-controlled “Fairey Queen” biplane. It was
catapulted into the air and survived 2 hours of live fire from a
British warship. In 1934 Britain’s Air Ministry ordered 420 such
aircraft, known as the Queen Bee, which gave rise to the word drone to
describe such aircraft.
(Econ, 12/8/07, TQ p.23)
1933 Harold Peto (b.1854), English
architect and gardener, died. In 2007 Robin Halley authored “The Great
Edwardian Gardens of Harold Peto.”
(WSJ, 3/1/08, p.W16)
1933 Under threat of impending
war, custodians of the art of the Forbidden City of China packed the
valuable treasures into some 20,000 boxes and shipped the works to
Taipei, Taiwan. Tsang Fu-Ting led a Chinese Communist most-wanted list
for his role in arranging the transport .
(WSJ, 12/29/95, p.A-11)
1933 The Uyghurs (Uighurs of
northwest China) set up a short-lived independent Eastern Turkestan
Republic.
(Econ, 12/3/05, p.39)
1933 In Colombia the Palacio de
San Francisco, begun in 1918, was completed in La Candelaria, the
historic section of Bogota.
(SSFC, 3/4/07, p.G4)
1933 Rene Lacoste (b.1905), French
tennis player, founded the Lacoste apparel company. He applied a
crocodile insignia to polo shirts after his nickname, “Le Crocodile.”
His son Bernard Lacoste (1931-2006) succeeded as president in 1963.
(SFC, 3/23/06, p.B7)
1933 Eugene Marioton (b.1854/57),
French sculptor, died. Some sources date his death to 1925. Some 400
bronzes are attributed to him, including one titled “Diogenes” (c.1885).
(SFC, 10/29/08,
p.G2)(http://bullrichgaonawernicke.com/R64/pag64-escultura.htm)
1933 Einstein renounced his German
citizenship and fled to the US.
(V.D.-H.K.p.326)(TMC, 1994, p.1933)
1933 Fritz Hirschberger
(1912-2004), later Holocaust artist, founded the Dresden chapter of the
Zionist underground organization "Betar."
(SFC, 2/6/04, p.A25)
1933 The Bauhaus was forced to
close by the Nazis.
(V.D.-H.K.p.363)
1933 The Nazis closed the
Institute of Sexual Science in Berlin run by Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld.
(SFEC, 6/15/97, DB p.47)(SFC, 8/2/97, p.E4)
1933 In Greenland Martin Lindsay
and team with Andrew Croft (d.1998 at 91) made the world’s longest
self-supporting dogsled expedition.
(SFC, 7/4/98, p.C2)
1933 Iraq's King Faisal I died one
year after independence and his son, Ghazi I, succeeded him.
(HNPD, 10/28/99)
1933 Wing Lung Bank was founded in
Hong Kong. It survived a forced relocation to Macau during the Japanese
occupation. In 2008 China Merchants Bank launched a takeover of Wing
Lung for $4.7 billion.
(Econ, 6/7/08, p.86)
1933 Francesco Illy founded
Illycafe in Trieste, Italy. He invented the compressed air coffee
machine (patented in 1934), the predecessor of the espresso machine as
we now know it.
(http://indiacoffee.org/newsletter/2005/august/in_the_news1.html)
1933 Japan left the League of
Nations.
(Jap. Enc., BLDM, p. 216)
1933 In Japan Kazuma Tateisi
founded the OMRON Corporation. By 2006 its automated control
technologies approached the level of human knowledge and judgement.
(Econ, 10/8/05, Survey p.2)(Econ, 12/24/05, p.54)
1933 Japan’s Sanwa Bank was
founded. In 2001 it joined with Tokai Bank Tokyo Trust Bank to form UFJ
Holdings. In 2005 it became part of the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.
(WSJ, 9/23/08, p.C1)
1933 Choudhary Rahmat Ali, a
student at Cambridge, coined the name Pakistan 14 years before the
country came into existence. It was an acronym derived from the regions
Punjab, Afghania and Kashmir and Sind.
(SSFC, 12/17/06, p.G5)
1933 In Portugal Antonio Salazar
began his 41-year conservative dictatorship.
(SFC, 10/9/98, p.A2)
1933 In Puerto Rico the
legislature forced the governor to reinstate cockfighting, which had
been banned, by threatening to block the budget.
(SFEC, 4/26/98, p.A3)
1933 Yakov Chernikhov (d.1951)
Russian architect, authored "101 Architectural Fantasies." His
adventurous designs were poorly regarded by Soviet authorities and few
of his buildings were constructed.
(AP, 8/8/06)
1933 Alexander Rodchenko, artist
and photographer, was dispatched to document the White Sea-Baltic Canal
project in which some 200,000 political prisoners were killed.
(WSJ, 7/8/98, p.A13)(Econ, 2/9/08, p.91)
1933 In Russia Stalin launched the
Moscow Metro. It took 75,000 workers 3 years to complete the first
7-mile line.
(WSJ, 11/4/98, p.A1)
1933 Provideniya, USSR, was
founded across from Alaska by the Soviets as a supply port for Arctic
settlements.
(NG, Oct. 1988, p. 507)
1933 In Spain a revolutionary
uprising was staged by anarchists at Casas Viejas and was drowned in
blood by Spanish authorities. In 1968 Jerome Mintz (d.1997 at 67), US
anthropologist, published "The Anarchists of Casa Viejas," an account
and oral history of the uprising.
(SFC,12/20/97, p.A21)
1933 Silpakorn, Thailand’s largest
fine arts university, was founded by the Italian sculptor Corrado
Feroci.
(WSJ, 3/5/97, p.A16)
1933-1934 Martin Heidegger (b.1889) served as the
Nazi rector of the Univ. of Freiburg.
(WSJ, 10/11/01, p.A20)
1933-1935 The US Justice Department’s War on Crime
took place. In 2004 Bryan Burrough authored “Public Enemies: America’s
Greatest Crime Wave and the Birth of the FBI, 1933-1934” a
reconstruction of this period based on FBI files.
(WSJ, 7/15/04, p.D8)(SSFC, 7/25/04, p.M3)
1933-1936 A destructive combination of dry farming
techniques, drought and wind erosion obliterated farms and fields in
the central Plains states, driving thousands of desperate refugees off
the land. The dust storms were so fierce that skies as far away as
Albany, N.Y., darkened with the topsoil of the Plains.
(HNPD, 5/3/99)
1933-1937 In London, England, the huge Battersea
Power Station was built on the Thames. Sir Giles Gilbert Scott designed
the Battersea power station. [He also designed traditional red
telephone boxes of London.] The station was decommissioned in 1982. In
1997 it was scheduled for a $2.2 billion redevelopment by Parkview
Int’l.
(WSJ, 6/25/97, p.B12)(WSJ, 5/11/00, p.A24)(SSFC,
6/19/05, p.E5)
1933-1939 In 2005 Richard J. Evan authored “The Third
Reich in Power: 1933-1939.”
(Econ, 10/29/05, p.87)
1933-1941 Henry A. Wallace, the son of Henry C.
Wallace, served as Secretary of Agriculture under Franklin Roosevelt
from 1933 to 1941. He went on to become vice president in Roosevelt’s
third term. Because of his ultraliberal views, Wallace was passed over
for the vice-presidential nomination in 1944, but served as Secretary
of Commerce until forced to resign after Roosevelt’s death because of
differences with President Truman.
(HNQ, 8/28/99)
1933-1944 Cordell Hull served as secretary of state
in the Franklin Roosevelt Administration longer than any other
individual. Hull, born in Tennessee in 1871, had been a U.S. senator
prior to his appointment by Roosevelt. Hull was awarded the Nobel Peace
Prize in 1945 for his role in founding the United Nations. He died in
1955.
(HNQ, 7/6/98)
1933-1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd
President of the US.
(A&IP, ESM, p.96b, photo)
1933-1945 A study of classical music during the
German Third Reich was published in 1997 by Michael H. Kater: "The
Twisted Muse: Musicians and Their Music in the Third Reich."
(WSJ, 10/27/97, p.A20)
1933-1945 In 1998 the "Penguin Dictionary of the
Third Reich" was published.
(SFEC, 8/28/98, Par p.20)
1933-1945 In Germany the Sachsenhausen camp at
Oranienburg held some 200,000 people over this period. About half died
including an estimated 10,000 Jews and 18,000 Soviet soldiers.
(SFEC, 9/19/99, p.A21)
1933-1945 In 2008 Latvian filmmaker Edvins Snore,
directed “Soviet Story.” It shows the close connections—philosophical,
political and organizational—between the Nazi and Soviet systems
beginning in 1933 thru WWII.
(www.economist.com/world/europe/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11401983)
1933-1946 Harold LeClaire Ickes, longtime American
political leader served as Secretary of the Interior under Pres.
Roosevelt. Ickes was an outspoken opponent of big business and a strong
supporter of conservation and comprehensive national planning.
Nicknamed "Honest Harold" because of his scrupulous concern for the
public interest and ferreting out of graft and corruption, Ickes also
was director of the Public Works Administration from 1933 to 1939.
Ickes-once president of the Chicago NAACP-and Eleanor Roosevelt were
the New Deal‘s staunchest advocates of civil rights. Ickes was born in
Frankstown, Pennsylvania, March 15, 1874. He died on February 3, 1952.
Ickes‘ son, Harold, served as a senior advisor in the Clinton
Administration.
(HNQ, 9/9/99)
1933-1951 Jack Armstrong, the fictional "All-American
Boy," starred in a radio adventure serial during this period.
(SFC,11/12/97, Z1 p.7)
1933-1953 James Conant ran Harvard Univ. He took what
was a regional, parochial and snobbish institution, resistant to Jews
and women, and turned it into a national, meritocratic university.
(Econ, 2/25/06, p.38)
1933-1954 The square-rigged Balclutha was renamed the
Pacific Queen. It was dubbed a pirate ship and towed around as a
floating carnival boat.
(SFEC,11/23/97, p.D3)
1933-1955 Nellie Tayloe Ross, former governor of
Wyoming, served as the first woman director of the U.S. Mint.
(HNQ, 4/29/02)
1933-1956 Black Mountain College in western North
Carolina. It was founded by Theodore Dreir (d.1997), an electrical
engineer, to develop the educational ideas of John Dewey with
innovation in the arts as characterized by the Bauhaus movement.
Artists who taught there included Merce Cunningham, John Cage, Elaine
and Willem de Kooning, Buckminster Fuller, and Edward Dorn.
(SFC, 5/10/97, p.A20)(SFC, 12/15/99, p.B2)
1933-1967 The Andrews Sisters (Maxene (d.1995),
LaVerne (d.1967) and Patty) sang as a close-harmony trio and sold over
100 million records. Their hits included "Don't Sit Under the Apple
Tree," and "The Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy from Company B."
(SFEC, 5/30/99, p.C15)
1933-1997 The 1998 book "German Art from Beckmann to
Richter" was edited by Eckhart Gillen. It accompanied a large 1997
exhibition in Berlin.
(SFEC, 2/1/98, BR p.6)
Go
to 1934