Timeline 1960
Return to home
1960 Jan 1,
French Cameroon gained independence.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 1st ed., p.1173)
1960 Jan 2, Sen. John F. Kennedy
of Massachusetts announced his candidacy for the Democratic
presidential nomination.
(AP, 1/2/98)
1960 Jan 2, John Reynolds set the
age of solar system at 4,950,000,000 years.
(MC, 1/2/02)
1960 Jan 4, Albert Camus
(1913-1960), French writer, died in an automobile accident at age 46.
He won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1957. His work included the
play “Caligula” and a collection of journalistic pieces for the
clandestine newspaper Combat (1944-1947). In 1997 Oliver Todd wrote the
biography “Albert Camus.” In 1979 Herbert Lottman also wrote a
biography: “Albert Camus.” In 2006 his WW II pieces, edited by
Jacqueline Levi-Valensi, were published as ”Camus at Combat.”
(SFC, 12/25/96, p.A22)(WSJ, 12/12/97, p.A16)(AP,
1/4/98)(WSJ, 2/11/06, p.P10)
1960 Jan 9, The foundation stone
for Egypt’s Aswan High Dam was laid.
(www.arabicnews.com/ansub/Daily/Day/020116/2002011626.html)
1960 Jan 14, The US Army promoted
Elvis Presley to Sergeant.
(MC, 1/14/02)
1960 Jan 22, The Johnburg coal
mine caved in and 417 die.
(MC, 1/22/02)
1960 Jan 23, The Bathyscaphe
"Trieste" reached bottom of Pacific at 10,900 m. Jacques Piccard
(1922-2008) and US Navy Lt. Don Walsh descended for 20 minutes in
the Trieste into the Mariana Trench, a 1,500 mile gash in the Earth’s
crust east of the Philippines with a depth of 37,000 feet below sea
level, nearly 7 miles.
(SFC, 10/29/96, p.A11)(SFEC, 11/17/96, BR p.4)(AP,
11/1/08)
1960 Jan, The US stock market
began a 10 month decline of 16%.
(SFC,10/17/97, p.B2)
1960 Jan-Aug, 160,000 refugees
crossed from East Germany to West Germany following food shortages.
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev ordered a wall 103 miles long and 12
feet high to be built with guards and barbed wire to stop the flow of
refugees.
(SFEC, 10/31/99, Z1 p.4)
1960 Feb 1, Four black North
Carolina A&T students staged a sit-in in a dime store in
Greensboro, NC, lunch counter, where they'd been refused service, to
begin the first of the historic 1960s sit-ins.
(AP, 2/1/97)(AH, 2/05, p.16)
1960 Feb 2, The U.S. Senate
approved 24th Amendment calling for a ban on the poll tax.
(HN, 2/2/99)
1960 Feb 7, Old handwriting was
found in at Qumran, Jordan, near the Dead Sea. [see 1947]
(MC, 2/7/02)
1960 Feb 8, Congress opened
hearings into payola.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1960 Feb 9, Ernst von Dohnanyi
(82), US composer, died.
(MC, 2/9/02)
1960 Feb 10, "Unsinkable Molly
Brown" ended at Winter Garden, NYC, after 532 performances.
(MC, 2/10/02)
1960 Feb 10, Adolph Coors, the
beer brewer, was kidnapped in Golden, Colo.
(HN, 2/10/97)
1960 Feb 11, Jack Paar walked off
his TV show.
(MC, 2/11/02)
1960 Feb 12, Bobby Clark (71),
vaudevillian (World's funniest circus clown), died.
(MC, 2/12/02)
1960 Feb 13, Ella Fitzgerald, live
in concert, recorded "Mack the Knife, Ella in Berlin."
(SFC, 6/16/96, p.A10)
1960 Feb 13, France exploded its
first atomic bomb, in the Sahara Desert.
(AP, 2/13/08)
1960 Feb 16, US nuclear submarine
USS Triton set off on underwater round-world trip.
(MC, 2/16/02)
1960 Feb 17, Martin Luther King
Jr. was arrested in the Alabama bus boycott.
(HN, 2/17/98)
1960 Feb 18, The Eighth Winter
Olympic Games were formally opened in Squaw Valley, Calif., by Vice
President Nixon.
(AP, 2/18/98)
1960 Feb 19, Prince Andrew of
Britain, Albert Christian Edward, Duke of York was born.
(HN, 2/19/98)(MC, 2/19/02)
1960 Feb 19, UC Regents retracted
the following question from an English aptitude test for high school
applicants: "What are the dangers to a democracy of a national police
organization, like the FBI, which operates secretly and is unresponsive
to public criticism." FBI director J. Edgar Hoover had organized a
covert public relations campaign and put pressure on Gov. Brown to
retract the question.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F3)
1960 Feb 21, Havana placed all
Cuban industry under direct control of the government.
(HN, 2/21/98)
1960 Feb 23, Whites joined Negro
students in a sit-in at a Winston-Salem, N.C. Woolworth store.
(HN, 2/23/98)
1960 Feb 23, Naruhito, crown
prince of Japan, was born.
(MC, 2/23/02)
1960 Feb 26, USA's David Jenkins
won the Olympics Gold for men's figure skating.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1960 Feb 26, Soviet premier
Khrushchev voiced support for Indonesia.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1960 Feb 27, The U.S. Olympic
hockey team defeated the Soviets, 3-2, at the Winter Games in Squaw
Valley, Calif. The U.S. team went on to win the gold medal.
(AP, 2/27/98)
1960 Feb 27, Adriano Olivetti
(58), Italian engineer, manufacturer, died.
(MC, 2/27/02)
1960 Feb 29, An 5.7 earthquake in
Morocco's southwest Atlantic coast killed as many as 12,000. The town
of Agadir was destroyed.
(AP, 2/25/04)
1960 Feb, In San Francisco the
Villa Taverna restaurant opened at No. 27 Hotaling as a private social
club to celebrate Italian culture and cuisine. The street was
originally called Jones Alley and had been renamed in honor of Anson
Hotaling, owner of a nearby distillery, who convinced firefighters in
1906 not to explode nearby structures.
(SSFC, 9/13/09, p.N1)
1960 Mar 1, 1,000 Black students
prayed and sang the national anthem on the steps of the old Confederate
Capitol in Montgomery, Ala.
(HN, 3/1/98)
1960 Mar 2, FBI director J. Edgar
Hoover received a 60-page report on the "political complexion" of UC
Berkeley.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F3)
1960 Mar 3, The 9th largest
snowfall in NYC history dropped14.5".
(SC, 3/3/02)
1960 Mar 3, The French cargo
ship "La Coubre," laden with Belgian weapons, exploded in Havana
Harbor and killed 136 [101] people. The blast was blamed on US agents.
(USAT, 10/8/97, p.8A)(SFC, 1/28/00, p.A14)
1960 Mar 4, Lucille Ball filed for
divorce from Desi Arnaz.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1960 Mar 4, In Cuba Alberto Korda
took a photo of Che Guevara at a rally where Castro blamed the US for
the cargo ship disaster of the previous day. The photo later became
famous as a poster of Che and symbol for the Cuban revolution.
(USAT, 10/8/97, p.8A)
1960 Mar 5, Elvis Presley ended
his 2-year hitch in US Army.
(MC, 3/5/02)
1960 Mar 6, The Swiss granted
women the right to vote in municipal elections.
(HN, 3/6/98)
1960 Mar 7, Ivan Lendl, tennis pro
(US Open 1985-87), was born in Czechoslovakia.
(MC, 3/7/02)
1960 Mar 9, In Seattle, Wa., Clyde
Shields (39), was implanted with the 1st kidney dialysis shunt
developed by Dr. Belding H. Scribner (d.2003) and engineer Wayne
Quinton. The process was 1st developed in the 1940s by Dr. Willem J.
Kolff, but had been restricted to operating rooms. Shields lived for 11
more years.
(SFC, 6/21/03, p.A17)
1960 Mar 11, Pioneer 5 was
launched into solar orbit between Earth & Venus.
(MC, 3/12/02)
1960 Mar 13, NFL's Chicago
Cardinals moved to St Louis.
(MC, 3/13/02)
1960 Mar 15, Ten nations met in
Geneva to discuss disarmament.
(HN, 3/15/98)
1960 Mar 17, Eisenhower formed
anti-Castro-exile army under the CIA.
(MC, 3/17/02)
1960 Mar 19, "Redhead" closed at
46th St Theater in NYC after 455 performances.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1960 Mar 21, Capt. John Eaheart
(32), a US Marine Corps Reserve pilot, crashed in his F9F Cougar
fighter jet and disappeared into Flathead Lake, Wyoming, near the home
of his fiancée’s parents. His remains were found in 2006.
(WSJ, 5/23/06, p.A1)
1960 Mar 21, A police massacre in
Sharpeville, South Africa, left some 70 black protestors dead. The ANC
was outlawed.
(SFC, 12/5/96, p.C2)(SFEC, 2/9/97, z1 p.7)(AP,
3/21/08)
1960 Mar 22, The 1st patent for
lasers was granted to Arthur Schawlow and Charles Townes. Schawlow and
Townes developed their laser, light amplification by stimulated
emission of radiation, while working at Bell labs in 1958.
(www1.bell-labs.com/history/laser/)(www.ipmall.info/about/user11.asp)
1960 Mar 23, Explorer 8 failed to
reach Earth orbit.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1960 Mar 24, US appeals court
ruled the novel, "Lady Chatterly's Lover" by D.H. Lawrence, to be not
obscene.
(WSJ, 5/15/95, p. A-16)(MC, 3/24/02)
1960 Mar 25, The 1st guided
missile was launched from a nuclear powered sub, the Halibut.
(MC, 3/25/02)
1960 Mar 26, Iraq executed 30
after attack on President Kassem.
(SS, 3/26/02)
1960 Mar 28, In Glasgow, Scotland,
a factory exploded burying 20 fire fighters.
(MC, 3/28/02)
1960 Mar 31, The South African
government declared a state of emergency after demonstrations led to
the deaths of more than 50 Africans.
(HN, 3/31/98)
1960 Mar 31, Joseph Haas (81),
German opera composer (Totenmesse), died.
(MC, 3/31/02)
1960 Apr 1, The first weather
satellite, TIROS 1, was launched from Cape Canaveral, Fla.
(AP, 4/1/98)
1960 Apr 1, U Nu was elected
premier of Burma.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1960
Apr 1, France exploded 2 atom bombs in the Sahara Desert.
(OTD)
1960 Apr 2, Cuba bought oil from
USSR.
(MC, 4/2/02)
1960 Apr 4, In the 32nd Academy
Awards "Ben-Hur," Charlton Heston and Simone Signoret won.
(MC, 4/4/02)
1960 Apr 10, The US Senate passed
a landmark Civil Rights Bill. A history of the civil rights movement
was later written by Tom Dent (d.1998 at 65), 1961 press liaison for
the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.
(HN, 4/10/98)(SFC, 6/9/98, p.A24)
1960 Apr 12, Bill Veeck and
Chicago’s Comiskey Park debuted the "Exploding Scoreboard."
(MC, 4/12/02)
1960 Apr 13, The first
navigational satellite was launched into Earth's orbit.
(HN, 4/13/98)
1960 Apr 14, "Bye Bye Birdie"
opened at Martin Beck Theater in NYC for 607 performances.
(MC, 4/14/02)
1960 Apr 14, The 1st underwater
launching of Polaris missile.
(MC, 4/14/02)
1960 Apr 15, The Student
Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) organized at Shaw University.
(HN, 4/15/98)
1960 Apr 19, Baseball uniforms
begin displaying player's names on their backs.
(HN, 4/19/97)
1960 Apr 21, Brazil inaugurated
its new capital, Brasilia, transferring the seat of national government
from Rio de Janeiro. Brazil’s National Bank for Economic and Social
Development (BNDES), founded in 1952, helped fund its development.
(USA Today, OW, 4/22/96, p.3)(AP, 4/21/97)(HN,
4/21/98)(Econ, 4/18/09, p.81)
1960 Apr 24, In the 14th Tony
Awards: "Miracle Worker" and "Fiorello" won.
(MC, 4/24/02)
1960 Apr 25, First submerged
circumnavigation of the Earth was completed by a Triton submarine. In
1962 Edward Latimer "Ned" Beach (b.19180, Navy captain authored "Around
the World Submerged."
(HN, 4/25/98)(SFC, 12/2/02, p.A19)
1960 Apr 25, Hope Emerson (62),
actress (I Married Joan, Peter Gunn), died.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1960 Apr 27, The 1st atomic
powered electric-drive submarine was launched at Tullibee.
(MC, 4/27/02)
1960 Apr 27, South Korean pres
Syngman Rhee resigned. The government of Syngman Rhee was toppled.
Parliament began investigations of alleged summary executions during
the 1950-1953 war.
(SFC, 4/21/00, p.A19)(MC, 4/27/02)
1960 Apr 27, Togo, a UN Trust
territory under French administration, gained independence. Sylvanus
Olympio became the 1st chief of state.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 1st ed., p.1170)
1960 Apr, The US CIA began
planning an invasion of Cuba that culminated in the 1961 Bay of Pigs
disaster. The initial budget of $4.4 million grew to $46 million.
(SFEC, 2/22/98, p.A19)
1960 May 1, India's Bombay state
split into Gujarat and Maharashtra states.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1960 May 1, A Soviet missile shot
down an American U-2 spy plane near Sverdlovsk with pilot Francis Gary
Power. Powers was held in the Soviet Union for 21 months.
(WSJ, 5/8/96, p.A-12)(SFC, 8/8/96, p.A11)(AP, 5/1/97)
1960 May 2, Pulitzer prize was
awarded to Alan Drury (Advice & Consent).
(MC, 5/2/02)
1960 May 2, House investigating
committee looked into payola questions.
(MC, 5/2/02)
1960 May 2, Caryl Chessman (39),
convicted sex offender and best-selling author, the Red Light Bandit,”
was executed at San Quentin Prison in California. He became a
best-selling author while on death row. SFC crime reporter Bernice
Davis (d.2002 at 97) later authored “Desperate and the Damned,” an
account of the Chessman case.
(AP, 5/2/08)(SFC, 2/8/02, p.A25)(SFC, 4/20/02, p.A23)
1960 May 3, The musical "The
Fantasticks" opened at the Sullivan Street Playhouse in Greenwich
Village. It featured the song "Try to Remember" by Tom Jones &
Harvey Schmidt and was 1st produced at Barnard College in 1959. Lore
Noto (d.2002), former actor and agent, produced the show, which became
the world’s longest-running musical. It closed Jan 13, 2002 after
17,162 shows.
(SFC, 7/20/02, p.A20)
1960 May 3, Austria became a
founding member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), along
with Britain, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland. The
agreement took effect in 1994.
(Econ, 11/24/07, SR
p.7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Free_Trade_Association)
1960 May 6, President Eisenhower
signed the Civil Rights Act of 1960.
(HN, 5/6/98)
1960 May 6 Britain's Princess
Margaret married Anthony Armstrong-Jones, a commoner, at Westminster
Abbey. They divorced in 1978.
(AP, 5/6/97)
1960 May 6, Jacques Mornard
(Ram¢n Mercader), Trotsky's murderer, was freed in Mexico.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1960 May 7, Leonid Brezhnev
replaced Marshal Kliment Voroshilov as president of the Presidium of
the Supreme Soviet.
(AP, 5/7/08)
1960 May 9, The US Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) approved the pill Enovid as safe for birth control
use. The pill was made by G.D. Searle and Company of Chicago. It was
commissioned by Margaret Sanger and funded by heiress Katharine
McCormick. In 2001 Carl Djerassi authored "This Man’s Pill: Reflections
on the 50th Birthday of the Pill." Djerassi synthesized a key hormone
in the pill in Mexico City in 1951.
(SSFC, 10/21/01, p.R6)(AP, 5/9/00)
1960 May 9, US sent a U-2 over
USSR.
(MC, 5/9/02)
1960 May 10, John F. Kennedy won
the primary in West Virginia.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1960 May 10, USS Nautilus
completed the first circumnavigation of globe under water.
(HN, 5/10/98)
1960 May 11, John D. Rockefeller
Jr. (86), philanthropist, died.
(MC, 5/11/02)
1960 May 11, Israeli soldiers
captured Adolf Eichmann in Buenos Aires as he returned home from his
job at the Mercedes factory. Eichmann, the Nazi war criminal, was
nabbed by Peter Malkin. Eichmann was taken to Israel where he was
tried, found guilty and hung in 1962.
(SFEC, 11/3/96, Par. p.13)(WSJ, 4/28/97, p.A17)(HN,
5/11/98)(MC, 5/11/02)
1960 May 13, Phillies lost
their 3rd consecutive 1-0 game
(SS, Internet, 5/13/97)
1960 May 13, Bill Mandel was
brought before a HUAC committee at SF City Hall concerning his
broadcasts at KPFA radio and KQED TV about press and periodicals of the
Soviet Union. His TV show was cancelled but he continued broadcasting
at KPFA. There was a protest over the hearing and 64 people were
arrested as police turned on fire hoses to quell the disturbance. The
event led Frank Cieciorka (1939-2008) to create his woodcut of a fist
that became an icon of the 1960s.
(SFEC, 7/26/98, p.D1,4)(SFEC, 5/23/99, Z1 p.1)(SSFC,
6/9/02, p.F3)(SFC, 11/29/08, p.B5)
1960 May 13, The 1st US
launch of the Delta satellite launching vehicle failed.
(SS, Internet, 5/13/97)
1960 May 14, "At the Drop of a
Hat" closed at John Golden in NYC after 216 performances.
(MC, 5/14/02)
1960 May 14, Some 2-5,000 people
marched against the HUAC proceedings at SF City Hall and the police
actions against protestors.
(SFEC, 5/23/99, Z1 p.1)(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F3)
1960 May 16, A Big Four summit
conference in Paris collapsed on its opening day as the Soviet Union
leveled spy charges against the United States in the wake of the U-2
incident.
(HN, 5/16/98)(AP, 5/16/99)
1960 May 17, Connecticut executed
Joseph "Mad Dog" Taborsky in the electric chair for a series of murders
and robberies.
(http://capitaldefenseweekly.com/chair.htm)
1960 May 17, The YF4H-1 Phantom
fighter and Douglas DC-8 were unveiled.
(NPub, 2002, p.19)
1960 May 18, Eileen Fulton began
playing Lisa on the TV soap "As the World Turns" and continued for over
30 years.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1960 May 18, Jean Genet’s "Le
Balcon" premiered in Paris France.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1960 May 19, Walt Disney's movie
"Pollyanna" was released in movie theaters.
(DTnet, 5/19/97)
1960 May 19, The Drifters recorded
"Save the Last Dance For Me".
(DTnet, 5/19/97)
1960 May 19, DJ Alan Freed was
accused of bribery in radio payola scandal.
(MC, 5/19/02)
1960 May 19, USAF Maj. Robert M
White took the X-15 to 33,222 m.
(DTnet, 5/19/97)
1960 May 19, Belgian parliament
required a rest day for self employed.
(MC, 5/19/02)
1960 May 22, Chile experienced a
9.5 earthquake (moment magnitude). A slow earthquake was detected just
before the big one. It caused tsunamis in every coastal town between
the 36th and 44th parallels with a death toll of some 1000 people.
(PCh, 1992, p.977)(SFC, 9/6.96, p.A11)(Econ,
10/15/05, p.28)
1960 May 23, A tidal wave, due to
a 9.5 earthquake off Chile, hit Hilo, Hawaii. It killed 61 people,
wiped out the beaches and destroyed 537 buildings. It went on to hit
Japan.
(SFEC, 4/2/00, p.T4)(SSFC, 8/25/02, p.C14)
1960 May 23, Israel announced
Israeli agents had captured former Nazi official SS Lt. Col. Adolf
Eichmann in Argentina. Eichmann was tried in Israel, found guilty of
crimes against humanity, and hanged in 1962. [see May 11]
(WSJ, 4/28/97, p.A17)(AP, 5/23/02)
1960 May 25, Benoît van
Innis, Belgian cartoonist, painter, (New York Post), was born.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1960 May 26, UN Ambassador Henry
Cabot Lodge accused the Soviets of hiding a microphone inside a wood
carving of the Great Seal of the United States that they presented to
the U.S. embassy in Moscow.
(AP, 5/26/99)
1960 May 27, A military coup
overthrew the democratic government of Turkey.
(HN, 5/27/98)
1960 May 29, Adrian Paul, actor
(Dance to Win, Highlander), was born in London, England.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1960 May 29, Everly Brothers
"Cathy's Clown" hit #1.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1960 May 30, Boris Pasternak
(b.1890), Russian poet, novelist (Dr Zhivago) and translator, died at
age 70.
(WUD, 1994, p.1055)(MC, 5/30/02)
1960 Jun 1, The ABC Television
Network reached 100 affiliates.
(DTnet, 6/1/97)
1960 Jun 4, The Taiwan island of
Quemoy was hit by 500 artillery shells fired from the coast of
Communist China.
(HN, 6/4/98)
1960 Jun 11, In Pakistan a house
packed with wedding celebrants collapsed killing 30.
(SC, 6/11/02)
1960 Jun 15, The Billy Wilder
movie "The Apartment," starring Jack Lemmon and Shirley MacLaine,
opened in New York.
(AP, 6/15/00)
1960 Jun 23, The Food and Drug
Administration approved Enovid by GD Searle, the first oral
contraceptive.
(Internet)
1960 Jun 23, Patrice Lumumba and
the MNC formed the first government, with Lumumba (35) as Congo's first
prime minister and Joseph Kasavubu (1917-1969) as its president.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrice_Lumumba)
1960 Jun 26, The Malagasy Republic
(Madagascar) gained independence from France.
(SFC, 8/19/96, p.A10)(PC, 1992, p.973)
1960 Jun 26, British Somaliland
became independent and five days later was united with Italian
Somaliland as the Somali Republic.
(SFC, 4/10/96, A-5)
1960 Jun 27, Chlorophyll "A" was
synthesized at Cambridge, Mass.
(SC, 6/27/02)
1960 Jun 28, John Elway, NFL
quarterback (Denver Broncos quarterback: Super Bowl XXI, XXII,
XXIV), was born.
(MC, 6/28/02)
1960 Jun 30, Alfred Hitchcock's
film, "Psycho," opened.
(HN, 6/30/01)
1960 Jun 30, Independence was
granted to the Congo. A rebel movement freed the Belgian Congo from
Belgium. In Zaire (Congo) Patrice Lumumba (1925-1961) became the first
post-independence prime minister. He made Joseph Mobutu, a young
military officer, his private secretary. Two months after he took power
a sub-committee of the US National Security Council authorized the
assassination of Lumumba.
(SFC, 5/17/97, p.A14)(SFEM, 5/7/00,
p.18)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrice_Lumumba)
1960 Jun 30, US stopped sugar
imports from Cuba.
(MC, 6/30/02)
1960 Jul 1, Fidel Castro
nationalized Esso, Shell & Texaco in Cuba.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1960 Jul 1, Ghana became an
independent republic within the British Commonwealth and Kwama N.
Nkrumah became the 1st president.
(PC, 1992, p.973)
1960 Jul 1, French and Italian
Somaliland gained independence and united with the Somali Republic.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(Econ, 7/4/09, p.44)
1960 Jul 1, USSR shot down a US
RB-47 reconnaissance plane.
(MC, 7/1/02)
1960 Jul 4, The 50-star flag made
its debut in Philadelphia. A 50th star was added to the American flag
in honor of Hawaii's admission into the Union on August 21, 1959.
(HN, 7/4/98) (IB, Internet, 12/7/98)
1960 Jul 7, Theodore Maiman
(1918-2007), a physicist at the Hughes Research Labs in California,
introduced the 1st working laser at Manhattan’s Delmonico Hotel.
(Econ, 6/11/05, TQ p.28)(WSJ, 5/12/07, p.A8)
1960 Jul 8, The Soviet Union
charged Francis Gary Powers, whose U-2 spy plane was shot down over the
country, with espionage.
(HN, 7/8/98)
1960 Jul 9, Khrushchev threatened
to use rockets to protect Cuba from the US.
(PC, 1992, p.973)
1960 Jul 11, Katanga province,
with the support of Belgian business interests and troops, broke away
from the new Congolese government of Patrice Lumumba, declaring
independence under Moise Tshombe leader of the local CONAKAT party.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congo_Crisis)
1960 Jul 13, Massachusetts Sen.
John F. Kennedy won the Democratic presidential nomination at his
party's convention in Los Angeles.
(AP, 7/13/97)
1960 Jul 13, Joy Davidman
(b.1915), American poet, died. Her 2 husband included novelists William
Gresham and C.S. Lewis.
(SSFC, 1/1/06,
p.M6)(www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/davidman/bio.htm)
1960 Jul 14, Fire raging through a
Guatemala City, Guatemala, insane asylum and 225 were killed with 300
severely injured.
(MC, 7/14/02)
1960 Jul 15, John F. Kennedy
accepted the Democratic nomination for president of the United States.
(HN, 7/15/98)
1960 Jul 15, Lawrence Mervil
Tibbett (63), baritone, died after surgery.
(MC, 7/15/02)
1960 Jul 16, Albrecht von
Kesselring (74), German field marshal (Italy), died.
(MC, 7/16/02)
1960 Jul 16, The 1st UN troops
reached Congo to replace Belgian troops.
(www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/onucB.htm)
1960 Jul 17, Francis Gary Powers
pleaded guilty to spying charges in a Moscow court after his U-2 spy
plane was shot down over the Soviet Union.
(HN, 7/17/98)
1960 Jul 20, The submarine George
Washington became the 1st submerged sub to fire a Polaris missile.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1960 Jul 21, Francis Chichester
arrived in NY aboard Gypsy Moth II, setting a record of 40 days for a
solo Atlantic crossing.
(MC, 7/21/02)
1960 Jul 21, Sirimavo Bandaranaike
became the first woman prime minister of Ceylon. In Sri Lanka, an
island country in the Indian Ocean formerly known as Ceylon she served
as prime minister twice, 1960-65 and 1970-77. Under her leadership a
republican constitution was adopted in 1972 and the name of Ceylon
changed to Sri Lanka.
(HNQ, 5/23/98)(HN, 7/21/98)
1960 Jul 21, Germany passed the
Volkswagen law legislation privatizing Volkswagen. It capped a
shareholder's voting rights at 20%, regardless of the number of shares
held, and required a majority of 80% for "important decisions." It also
gave Lower Saxony, the state in which Volkswagen is based, a
controlling minority stake in the automaker. In 2007 the European Court
ruled that the VW law had to go.
(http://uk.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idUKL2232313720071023)(Econ,
6/14/08, p.82)
1960 Jul 22, Cuba nationalized all
US owned sugar factories.
(MC, 7/22/02)
1960 Jul 27, Vice President Nixon
was nominated for president at the Republican national convention in
Chicago.
(AP, 7/27/00)
1960 Jul 28, Republican National
convention selected Richard Nixon.
(SC, 7/28/02)
1960 Jul 30, Over 60,000 Buddhists
marched in protest against the Diem government in South Vietnam.
(HN, 7/30/98)
1960 Jul 31, Elijah Muhammad,
leader of Nation of Islam, called for a black state.
(MC, 7/31/02)
1960 Jul, The US Congress created
the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal.
(SFC, 5/31/99, p.A7)
1960 Aug 1, Dahomey, just west of
Nigeria, became independent from France with Hubert Maga as president.
It was renamed Benin with the capital at Porto Novo.
(WUD, 1994, p.139)(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 1st ed.,
p.1172)
1960 Aug 3, Niger gained
independence from France. Hamani Diori was president.
(SFC, 8/9/97, p.A12)(SC, 8/3/02)(EWH, 1st ed.,
p.1170)
1960 Aug 5, Upper Volta, formerly
part of French West Africa, became independent under Maurice Yameogo.
In 1984 it was renamed Burkina Faso.
(WUD, 1994, p.139)(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 4th ed.,
p.1233)
1960 Aug 6, Chubby Checker debuted
his version of "The Twist" on the Dick Clark Show. Hank Ballard did the
original in 1958.
(http://lpintop.tripod.com/oldiesconnection/id41.html)
1960 Aug 6, Revolutionaries of the
Castro regime seize the Lone Star Industries cement plant in
Mariel, Cuba. [letter by the CEO of Lonestar]
(WSJ, 10/17/95, A-20)
1960 Aug 7, Students staged
kneel-in demonstrations in Atlanta churches.
(MC, 8/7/02)
1960 Aug 7, Ivory Coast became
independent from France.
(PC, 1992, p.973)
1960 Aug 7, Vaino Hannikainen
(60), Finnish composer, died.
(MC, 8/7/02)
1960 Aug 8, The pop song "Itsy
Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polkadot Bikini", sung by Brian Hyland (16),
hit #1. The song was written by Paul Vance and Lee Pockriss.
(www.popculturemadness.com/Music/Pop-Modern/1960.html)(SFC, 9/28/06,
p.A2)
1960 Aug 9, There was a race riot
in Jacksonville Florida.
(MC, 8/9/02)
1960 Aug 10, Antonio Banderas,
actor (Phila, Evita, Mambo Kings, was born in Malaga, Spain.
(MC, 8/10/02)
1960 Aug 10, The first successful
US Corona spy satellite mission was launched after 12 previous
failures. [see 1957]
(WSJ, 7/6/98, p.A13)
1960 Aug 11, Chad became
independent from France, but remained within the French community.
Francois Tombalbaye became the 1st president.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 1st ed., p.1173)
1960 Aug 12, Morty Black, heavy
metal rocker (TNT-7 Seas), was born.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1960 Aug 12, USAF Major Robert M
White takes X-15 to 41,600 m.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1960 Aug 12, The first balloon
satellite, the Echo 1, was launched by the US from Cape Canaveral, Fla.
It bounced phone calls from JPL in California to the Bell Labs in New
Jersey.
(AP, 8/12/97)(SFC, 4/9/02, p.A18)
1960 Aug 13, The first two-way
telephone conversation by satellite took place with the help of Echo 1,
a balloon satellite.
(AP, 8/13/97)
1960 Aug 13, Central African
Republic became independence from France and David Dacko was named 1st
president.
(MC, 8/13/02)(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 1st ed., p.1173)
1960 Aug 13, The Soviet Union
withdrew advisors, aid and other support from China.
(SFC, 10/1/99, p.A14)(MC, 8/13/02)
1960 Aug 15, Congo (formerly
Congo/Brazzaville) declared Independence from France.
(MC, 8/15/02)
1960 Aug 16, Timothy Hutton
(actor: Taps, Made in Heaven, Ordinary People, The Dark Half, The
Temp, Q&A), was born.
(MC, 8/16/02)
1960 Aug 16, American test pilot
Joe Kittinger’s history-making parachute jump was from an altitude of
102,800 feet, or 19.3 miles. In a gondola lifted by a 360-foot helium
balloon, Kittinger reached the highest altitude ever reached by man in
nonpowered flight. His free fall lasted four minutes and 36 seconds and
he became the first man to exceed the speed of sound without an
aircraft or space vehicle. In 1984 Kittinger became the first to fly
across the Atlantic Ocean in a helium balloon alone.
(HNQ, 5/21/99)
1960 Aug 16, Britain granted
independence to the crown colony of Cyprus. Archbishop Makarios became
the 1st post independence president and chose Spyros Kyprianou (28) as
foreign minister.
(AP, 8/16/97)(SFC, 3/13/02, p.A26)
1960 Aug 17, Sean Penn, actor
(Fast Times at Ridgemont High), was born.
(SC, 8/17/02)
1960 Aug 17, American Francis Gary
Powers pleaded guilty at his Moscow trial for spying over the Soviet
Union in a U-2 plane.
(HN, 8/17/98)
1960 Aug 17, Gabon became
independence from France. Leon M'Ba, head of the Gabon Democratic
Block, became the 1st president.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(WSJ, 1/24/97, p.A14)(EWH, 1st ed.,
p.1173)
1960 Aug 18, Enovid 10, the 1st
commercial oral contraceptive, debuted in Skokie, Ill.
(MC, 8/18/02)
1960 Aug 18, Beatles gave their
1st public performance at Kaiser Keller in Hamburg.
(MC, 8/18/02)
1960 Aug 19, A tribunal in Moscow
convicted American U2 pilot Francis Gary Powers of espionage. About 18
months later, the Soviets agreed to release him in exchange for
Rudolph Abel, a Soviet spy convicted 5 years earlier. The CIA and the
Senate cleared Powers of any personal blame for the incident.
(AP, 8/19/97)(MC, 8/19/02)
1960 Aug 19, Korabl-Sputnik-2
(Spaceship Satellite-2), also known as Sputnik 5, was launched. On
board were the dogs Belka ( Squirrel) and Strelka (Little Arrow). Also
on board were 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants. After a day in
orbit, the spacecraft's retrorocket was fired and the landing capsule
and the dogs were safely recovered. They were the first living animals
to survive orbital flight.
(www.spacetoday.org/Astronauts/Animals/Dogs.html)
1960 Aug 20, Senegal broke from
Mali federation and declared independence.
(MC, 8/20/02)
1960 Aug 23, World's largest frog
(3.3 kg) was caught in Equatorial Guinea.
(MC, 8/23/02)
1960 Aug 23, Broadway librettist
Oscar Hammerstein II (65) died in Doylestown, Pa.
(AP, 8/23/08)
1960 Aug 25, The 17th summer
Olympics opened in Rome. Wilma Rudolph (1940-1994), was the first
African American to win three gold medals in a single Olympiad. Her
athleticism was remarkable since Rudolph contracted polio as a small
child and spent six years in a steel brace. With therapy and hard work,
Rudolph overcame her handicap to excel in basketball and track. As a
celebrity, she worked to break many gender and racial barriers. Rudolph
died of brain cancer.
(WSJ, 7/19/96, p.R6)(HN, 6/23/98)(chblue.com,
8/25/01)
1960 Aug 25, AFL began
placing players names on back of their jerseys.
(chblue.com, 8/25/01)
1960 Aug 25, In Congo
demonstrations took place against premier Lumumba.
(chblue.com, 8/25/01)
1960 Aug 26, Knud Jensen (23),
Danish cyclist, collapsed while riding in a 100-km team trial at the
Olympics in Rome. He fractured his skull and died. An autopsy revealed
amphetamines in his blood. His death would led the International
Olympic Committee to begin a program of drug testing beginning with the
1968 Games held in Grenoble, France and Mexico City, Mexico.
(WSJ, 8/7/06,
p.B1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knud_Enemark_Jensen)
1960 Aug 30, East Germany imposed
a partial blockade on West Berlin.
(MC, 8/30/01)
1960 Aug, The CIA recruited a
former FBI agent to approach two of America's most-wanted mobsters and
gave them poison pills meant for Fidel Castro during his first year in
power. This was only made public in 2007 in declassified papers. The
CIA recruited ex-FBI agent Robert Maheu, then a top aide to Howard
Hughes in Las Vegas, to approach mobster Johnny Roselli and pass
himself off as the representative of international corporations that
wanted Castro killed because of their lost gambling operations. From
August to May, 1961, CIA officials approved several plans to kill Fidel
Castro.
(SFC, 7/2/97, p.A5)(AP, 6/27/07)
1960 Sep 1, Robert Bolt's "A Man
For All Seasons," premiered in London.
(MC, 9/1/02)
1960 Sep 3, Niger became
independence from France.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(SFC, 8/9/97, p.A12)
1960 Sep 5, Cassius Clay captured
Olympic light heavyweight gold medal.
(MC, 9/5/01)
1960 Sep 5, Congo’s President
Kasavubu fired Premier Lumumba.
(http://tinyurl.com/2s9dyw)
1960 Sep 5, Senegal became
independent from France. Leopold Sedar Senghor (d.2001 at 95), poet and
politician, was elected president of Senegal, Africa.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(HN, 9/5/98)(SFC, 12/21/01, p.A34)
1960 Sep 8, NASA’s Marshall Space
Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., was dedicated by President Dwight D.
Eisenhower. This followed the activation of the facility in July of
that year, when a key element of the U.S. Army’s Ballistic Missile
Agency was transferred from the Department of Defense to NASA.
The Marshall Center is named in honor of General George C. Marshall,
who was the Army Chief of Staff during World War II, U.S. Secretary of
State, and a Nobel Prize winner for his post-World War II "Marshall
Plan."
(NASA PR, 8/22/00)
1960 Sep 8, Penguin Books in
Britain was charged with obscenity for trying to publish the D.H.
Lawrence novel Lady Chatterly’s Lover.
(HN, 9/8/00)
1960 Sep 8, German DR limited
access to East-Berlin for West Berliners.
(MC, 9/8/01)
1960 Sep 8, Jussi Bjorling,
Swedish epic tenor (Manrico, Cavaradossi, Faust, Rodolfo, Riccardo,
Romeo), died of heart failure at 49.
(MC, 9/8/01)
1960 Sep 9, Hurricane Donna hit
the Florida Keys and moved up the coast to New England. It caused 50 US
deaths and $387 million in damage.
(WSJ, 5/31/06,
p.A1)(http://tampa.about.com/cs/history/l/bl1960.htm)
1960 Sep 10, Abebe Bikila
(1932-1973), barefoot runner from Ethiopia, won the Olympic marathon.
(HN, 8/7/98)(www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7ZLB1-Ofyw)
1960 Sep 11, The 17th Summer
Olympics closed in Rome. In 2008 David Maraniss authored “Rome 1960:
The Olympics That Changed the World.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics)
1960 Sep 12, Democratic
presidential candidate John F. Kennedy addressed the issue of his
Roman Catholic faith, telling a Protestant group in Houston, "I do not
speak for my church on public matters, and the church does not speak
for me."
(AP, 9/12/00)
1960 Sep 13, The US Federal
Communications Commission banned payola. The scandal included Alan
Freed a popular DJ at WABC, he lost his job for allegedly accepting
gifts and money for playing certain records for money. There was
substantial evidence was uncovered to prove that the payola practice
was widespread.
(MC, 9/13/01)
1960 Sep 13, Leo Weiner, Hungarian
composer (Toldi), died at 75.
(MC, 9/13/01)
1960 Sep 14, The "Twist" sung by
Chubby Checker (born as Ernest Evans in 1941) hit #1. It reached #1 a
2nd time in Jan. 1962.
(http://www.shsu.edu/~mus_rjm/MUS264/Lectures/Notes_Mar20.html)
1960 Sep 14, A Congo coup led by
Col. Mobutu overthrew PM Patrice Lumumba.
(http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Mobutu-Sese-Seko)
1960 Sep 14, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait,
Saudi Arabia and Venezuela formed OPEC. Fuad Rouhani (1907-2004) of
Iran served as its 1st secretary-general. In 1964 he was succeeded by
Abdul Rahman Bazzaz of Iraq.
(HN, 9/14/98) (WSJ, 7/28/03, p.A8)
1960 Sep 17, Cuba nationalized US
banks.
(www.uscubacommission.org/history3.html)
1960 Sep 18, Two thousand cheered
Castro's arrival in New York for the United Nations session.
(HN, 9/18/98)
1960 Sep 19, Cuban leader Fidel
Castro, in New York to visit the United Nations, angrily checked out of
the Shelburne Hotel in a dispute with the management. Castro accepted
an invitation to stay at the Hotel Theresa in Harlem.
(AP, 9/19/07)
1960 Sep 20, David Park (b.1911),
a SF Bay Area figurative painter, died at 49. His work included: "Man
in a T-Shirt" and "Untitled" (1958), "Torso" (1959). He made the
1st serious break with Abstract Expressionism in his 1950
painting "Kids of Bikes."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)(SFC, 8/23/97, p.A20)(SFEM,
9/21/97, p.31)(WSJ, 12/3/01, p.A17)
1960 Sep 21, Dr. Albert Starr
performed the first successful heart valve replacement in a human. He
and engineer Lowell Edwards had developed the artificial heart valve in
the 1950s.
(SSFC, 9/16/07,
p.A2)(http://icvts.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/6/4/570)
1960 Sep 22, Mali became an
independent republic. Pres. Modibo Keita was elected the first
president and introduced a one-party dictatorship.
(www.angelfire.com/ri/georgev/bg8.html)
1960 Sep 24, The USS Enterprise,
the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, was launched at Newport
News, Va.
(AP, 9/24/97)(HN, 9/24/98)
1960 Sep 24, The International
Development Association (IDA) was created as part the World Bank to
provide long-term interest-free loans to the world's 81 poorest
countries.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Development_Association)
1960 Sep 25, Emily Post (b.1873),
etiquette expert, died at 86. A 1941 profile of Emily Price Post called
her "the American dictator of correct behavior," an apt description
since her book on etiquette sold more than 650,000 copies in its first
20 years. Born into high society, Post wanted to write novels but she
turned to etiquette when she discovered the poor quality of existing
books on the subject. For her, however, "nothing is less important than
the fork you use"--rather, etiquette was the art of making other people
feel comfortable. Post delivered her message with wit and style in
radio broadcasts and a daily column printed in 160 newspapers. A
1941 profile of Emily Price Post called her "the American dictator of
correct behavior," an apt description since her book on etiquette sold
more than 650,000 copies in its first 20 years. In 2008 Laura Claridge
authored “Emily Post: Daughter of the Gilded Age, Mistress of American
Manners.”
(HNPD, 8/17/00)(WSJ, 10/16/08, p.A13)
1960 Sep 26, Ted Williams hit his
521st HR off Jack Fisher for his last time at bat.
(MC, 9/26/01)
1960 Sep 26, The first televised
debate between presidential candidates Vice Pres. Richard M. Nixon and
John F. Kennedy took place in Chicago. Diplomat Henry Cabot Lodge was
Nixon’s vice-presidential nominee.
(SFEM, 4/28/96, p.12)(SFC, 5/7/96, p.A-6)(AP,
9/26/97)
1960 Sep 26, Fidel Castro made the
longest speech in UN history, 4 hrs, 29 mins.
(WSJ, 8/5/06, p.A9)
1960 Sep 27, Europe's 1st "moving
pavement," (travelator), opened at Bank station.
(MC, 9/27/01)
1960 Sep 27, Sylvia Pankhurst,
feminist, died. She with her mother, Emmeline Pankhurst, had
established the militant Women's Social and Political Union in 1903.
These British suffragettes employed controversial, even violent methods
to win the right to vote. In 1918, women over thirty were granted the
vote, and in 1928, the voting age was lowered to 21, the voting age of
men.
(MC, 9/27/01)
1960 Sep 28, "Millionaire," last
aired on CBS-TV.
(MC, 9/28/01)
1960 Sep 28, "Sunrise at
Campobello" premiered at Palace theater.
(MC, 9/28/01)
1960 Sep 30, Flintstones
premiered. It was the 1st prime time animation show.
(MC, 9/30/01)
1960 Sep 30, The last "Howdy Doody
Show" (b.1947) with Buffalo Bob Smith was broadcast. Clarabelle finally
talked and said "Goodbye Kids."
(SFC, 9/9/96, p.A18)(MC, 9/30/01)
1960 Sep 30, Mensa, the high IQ
society founded in the UK in 1946, held its 1st meeting in the US at
the Brooklyn home of Peter and Ines Sturgeon with 5 other pioneer
members.
(SSFC, 8/18/02, p.E10)
1960 Sep 30, Fifteen African
nations were admitted to the United Nations.
(HN, 9/30/98)
1960 Oct 1, Nigeria gained
independence from Britain (National Day).
(WSJ, 11/13/95, p.A-10)(WSJ, 10/14/95, p.A-1)(EWH,
1st ed., p.1172)
1960 Oct 3, "The Andy Griffith
Show" premiered on CBS. It ran to 1968. Don Knotts (d.2006 at 81)
played the bumbling Deputy Barney.
(WSJ, 1/16/98, p.A1)(AP, 10/3/00)(AP,
2/26/06)
1960 Oct 5, A Lockheed Electra
turbo-prop crashed in Boston Harbor and 62 people died. The plane had
flown into a flock of starlings.
(MC, 10/5/01)(SFC, 8/16/03, p.A21)
1960 Oct 7, Democratic
presidential candidate John F. Kennedy and Republican opponent Richard
M. Nixon held the second of their broadcast debates, in Washington, DC.
(AP, 10/7/08)
1960 Oct 10, A cyclone hit the
coast of Gulf of Bengal; about 4000 died. [see Oct 31]
(MC, 10/10/01)
1960 Oct 10, The Russian Mars
1960A Probe failed to reach Earth orbit.
(SFC, 11/19/96, p.B1)
1960 Oct 11, In Cuba bank
president Ernesto Guevara offered sugar magnate Julio Lobo leadership
of Cuba's sugar industry in exchange for keeping one of his 14 mills
and home. Mr. Lobo declined the offer.
(WSJ, 3/11/99, p.A1)
1960 Oct 11, A hurricane ravaged
East Pakistan and some 6,000 died.
(MC, 10/11/01)
1960 Oct 12, Soviet Premier Nikita
Khrushchev disrupted a UN General Assembly session by pounding his desk
with a shoe when a speaker criticized his country.
(AP, 10/12/07)
1960 Oct 13, The Pittsburgh
Pirates won the World Series at Forbes Field with a 9th inning homerun
by Bill Mazeroski. A Univ. of Pittsburgh academic building was later
built on the site.
(WSJ, 3/25/04, p.D1)
1960 Oct 13, Richard M. Nixon and
John F. Kennedy participated in the third televised debate of their
presidential campaign, with Nixon in Hollywood and Kennedy in New York.
(AP, 10/13/97)
1960 Oct 13, Opponents of Fidel
Castro were executed in Cuba.
(MC, 10/13/01)
1960 Oct 14, The idea of a Peace
Corps was first suggested by Democratic presidential candidate John F.
Kennedy to an audience of students at the University of Michigan.
(AP, 10/14/97)
1960 Oct 14, Cuba nationalized all
sugar assets and made itself custodian of all art and artifacts.
(WSJ, 3/11/99, p.A1)
1960 Oct 14, The Russian Mars
1960B Probe failed to reach Earth orbit.
(SFC, 11/19/96, p.B1)
1960 Oct 17, A grand jury found
that the popular television game show Twenty-One had provided
contestants with questions and answers before the live programs were
broadcast.
(MC, 10/17/01)
1960 Oct 19, US President
Eisenhower imposed an embargo on exports to Cuba covering all
commodities except medical supplies and certain food products.
(AP, 10/19/98)
1960 Oct 19, Canada and the United
States agreed to undertake a joint Columbia River project to provide
hydroelectric power and flood control.
(HN, 10/19/98)
1960 Oct 19, The United States and
Mexico agreed to the co-construction of a dam on the Rio Grande.
(HN, 10/19/98)
1960 Oct 19, Martin Luther King
Jr. was arrested in an Atlanta sit-in.
(MC, 10/19/01)
1960 Oct 20, The 1st fully
mechanized post office opened in Providence, RI.
(MC, 10/20/01)
1960 Oct 21, The 1st
British nuclear submarine, Dreadnought, was launched at
Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, by her majesty the Queen. Dreadnought was
the first British submarine to surface at the North Pole in 1971. In
the 1970s she was fitted to fire Tigerfish torpedoes. She developed
reactor problems in late 1980 and was decommissioned in 1982. She is
laid up at Rosyth awaiting disposal.
(http://web.ukonline.co.uk/aj.cashmore/britain/submarines/dreadnought/index.html)
1960 Oct 25, Martin Luther King,
Jr., was sentenced to four months in prison for a sit-in.
(HN, 10/25/98)
1960 Oct 25, The 1st electronic
wrist watch placed on sale in NYC.
(MC, 10/25/01)
1960 Oct 25, Cuba nationalized all
remaining US businesses.
(MC, 10/25/01)
1960 Oct 21, Democrat John F.
Kennedy and Republican Richard M. Nixon clashed in their fourth and
final presidential debate.
(AP, 10/21/97)
1960 Oct 27, Singer Ben E. King
recorded "Spanish Harlem" and "Stand By Me."
(MC, 10/27/01)
1960 Oct 28, In a note to the OAS
(Organization of American States), the United States charged that Cuba
had been receiving substantial quantities of arms and numbers of
military technicians" from the Soviet bloc.
(HN, 10/28/98)
1960 Oct 29, Chartered C46
carrying Cal State's football team crashed and 16 people were killed.
(MC, 10/29/01)
1960 Oct 30, Guatemala's "La Hora"
reported a plan for the invasion on Cuba.
(MC, 10/30/01)
1960 Oct 31, A cyclone hit the
coast of Gulf of Bengal and about 10,000 died. [see Oct 10]
(MC, 10/31/01)
1960 Nov 2, Democratic
presidential candidate John F. Kennedy told an audience of 20,000 at
the Cow Palace in Daly City, Ca., that the US should establish a Peace
Corps. The idea was first presented 3 weeks earlier at the Univ. of
Michigan.
(www.peacecorpswriters.org/pages/2000/0009/009indexp1.html)
1960 Nov 2, A British jury
determined that Lady Chatterly's Lover by D.H. Lawrence is not obscene.
It had been published by Penguin Books.
(HN, 11/2/00)(MC, 11/2/01)
1960 Nov 2, Dimitri Mitropoulos
(64), Greek-US conductor and composer, died.
(MC, 11/2/01)
1960 Nov 3, Tammy Grimes'
"Unsinkable Molly Brown," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 11/3/01)
1960 Nov 4, The film "Misfits"
premiered. It was the final movie for Clark Gable and Marilyn Monroe.
(MC, 11/4/01)
1960 Nov 5, Mack Sennett, director
and producer (Keystone Cops), died.
(MC, 11/5/01)
1960 Nov 8, Massachusetts Sen.
John F. Kennedy was elected 35th president by 118,550 popular votes. He
defeated Richard Nixon in the US pres. elections and was the first
Roman Catholic to win the office. Popular legend later held that the
political machine of Richard Daley in Chicago provided the necessary
votes for Kennedy to win Illinois (27 electoral votes) and the
elections. The Electoral College result was 303 to 219. The Democratic
ticket of Kennedy and Johnson received 49.72% of the popular vote to
49.55% given to Republicans Richard Nixon and Henry Lodge—a difference
of about 118,000 voters nationwide (the deciding electoral vote was
56.4% to 40.8% in favor of the Democrats).
(SFEC, 8/31/97, p.B5)(AP, 11/8/97)(SFEC, 1/18/98,
Par p.2)(HN, 11/6/98)(SFC, 11/22/99, p.A21)(HNQ, 11/6/00)
1960 Nov 12, Discoverer XVII was
launched into orbit from California’s Vandenberg AFB. The
Discoverer Program (1959-1962) was a ruse to conceal the Corona
Program, a series of photoreconnaissance spy satellites. Corona was the
first photoreconnaissance program, and a precursor of the military and
civilian space imaging programs of today.
(HN,
11/12/98)(http://spacecovers.com/pricelists/categories/category_satellites.htm)
1960 Nov 12, Coup against South
Vietnam president Ngo Dinh Diem failed.
(MC, 11/12/01)
1960 Nov 13, Sammy Davis Jr.
married Swedish actress May Britt.
(MC, 11/13/01)
1960 Nov 13, Fire in movie theater
killed 152 children in Amude, Spain.
(MC, 11/13/01)
1960 Nov 14, President Dwight
Eisenhower ordered U.S. naval units into the Caribbean after Guatemala
and Nicaragua charged Castro with starting uprisings.
(HN, 11/14/98)
1960 Nov 14, New Orleans
integrated two all white schools. Ruby Bridges, a 6-year-old black
girl, entered a previously all-white school flanked by 4 federal
marshals before a phalanx of angry racists. A 1998 Disney movie "Ruby
Bridges" portrayed the event, which was captured by Norman Rockwell in
his painting: "The Problem We all Live With."
(WSJ, 1/8/98, p.A7)(HN, 11/14/98)
1960 Nov 14, 2 passenger trains
collided at high-speed killing 110 in Czech.
(MC, 11/14/01)
1960 Nov 14, OPEC (Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries), formed.
(MC, 11/14/01)
1960 Nov 15, The first submarine
with nuclear missiles, the USS George Washington, took to sea from
Charleston, South Carolina.
(HN, 11/15/98)
1960 Nov 16, After the integration
of two all white schools, 2,000 rioted in the streets of New Orleans.
(HN, 11/16/98)
1960 Nov 16, Clark Gable (59),
actor (Gone With the Wind), died.
(WUD, 1994 p.578)(SFC, 11/18/00, p.B7)(MC, 11/16/01)
1960 Nov 16, Nnamdi Azikiwe became
the 1st governor-general of Nigeria. He was a member of the southern
Ibo people.
(WSJ, 12/15/95, p.A-16)(EWH, 1st ed., p.1172)
1960 Nov 25, John F. Kennedy Jr.
(d.1999), son of JFK, lawyer, magazine publisher (George), was born in
NYC.
(MC, 11/25/01)
1960 Nov 25, "Amos 'n' Andy" made
its last broadcast on CBS radio.
(MC, 11/25/01)
1960 Nov 25, CBS ended last 4
radio soap operas (Ma Perkins, Right to Happiness, Young Dr Malone
& 2nd Mrs. Burton) and canceled 4 other series.
(MC, 11/25/01)
1960 Nov 27, CBS radio cancelled
"Have Gun Will Travel."
(MC, 11/27/01)
1960 Nov 27, Patrice Lumumba fled
Leopoldville, Congo.
(MC, 11/27/01)
1960 Nov 28, CBS radio expands
hourly news coverage from 5 to 10 minutes.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1960 Nov 28, "Are You Lonesome
Tonight" by Elvis Presley peaked at #1 on the pop singles chart and
stayed there for six weeks; Elvis also released a version of that song
where he breaks up into laughter.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1960 Nov 28, "Last Date" by Floyd
Cramer peaked at #2 on the pop singles chart.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1960 Nov 28, "New Orleans" by U.S.
Bonds peaked at #6 on the pop singles chart.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1960 Nov 28, "Ol' MacDonald" by
Frank Sinatra peaked at #25 on the pop singles chart.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1960 Nov 28, Richard N. Wright
(52), US author (Native son), died in Paris France.
(MC, 11/28/01)
1960 Nov 28, The Islamic Republic
of Mauritania proclaimed independence with Moktar Ould Daddah as
president.
(PC, 1992, p.973)(EWH, 4th ed., p.1233)
1960 Dec 1, Patrice Lumumba was
caught in the Congo.
(MC, 12/1/01)
1960 Dec 3, Daryl Hannah, film
star, was born in Chicago, Ill.
(SSFC, 3/14/04, Par p.18)
1960 Dec 3, The Frederick Loewe
& Alan Jay Lerner musical "Camelot" opened on Broadway.
(AP, 12/3/99)(MC, 12/3/01)
1960 Dec 4, The USSR vetoed
Mauritania's application for UN membership.
(EWH, 4th ed., p.1233)
1960 Dec 7, The first episode of
"Coronation Street", the longest running TV soap opera in the world,
was broadcast by Granada.
(http://media.guardian.co.uk/broadcast/story/0,7493,1057710,00.html)
1960 Dec 9, The Laos government
fled to Cambodia as the capital city of Vientiane was engulfed in war.
(HN, 12/9/98)
1960 Dec 14, A U.S. B-52 bomber
set a 10,000 mile non-stop record without refueling.
(HN, 12/14/98)
1960 Dec 16, 134 people were
killed when a United Air Lines DC-8 and a TWA Super Constellation
collided over Staten Island, New York City.
(AP, 12/16/97)(MC, 12/16/01)
1960 Dec 18, A rightist government
was installed under Prince Boun Oum in Laos as U.S. resumed arms
shipments.
(HN, 12/18/98)
1960 Dec 19, A fire aboard USS
Constellation, under construction at Brooklyn, killed 50.
(MC, 12/19/01)
1960 Dec 20, Auschwitz-commandant
Richard Baar was arrested in German FR.
(MC, 12/20/01)
1960 Dec 20, National Liberation
Front was formed by guerrillas fighting the Diem regime in South
Vietnam.
(HN, 12/20/98)
1960 Dec 26, Musical "Do Re Mi"
with Phil Silvers premiered in NYC.
(MC, 12/26/01)
1960 George Herm created his
sculpture "The Librarian."
(SFC, 10/4/96, p.C8)
1960 William Christenberry,
American artist from Alabama, painted "Tenant House II"
(SFC, 3/31/97, p.E6)
1960 Bruce Conner began his
sculpture "Portrait of Allen Ginsberg." It was completed in 1961.
(SFC, 10/4/96, p.C8)
1960 John Barth authored his novel
“The Sot-Weed Factor.”
(SSFC, 12/18/05, p.M4)
1960 Daniel Bell (b.1919) authored
“The End of Ideology: On the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in the
fifties.”
(Econ, 12/3/05,
p.34)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Bell)
1960 Edwin Dale Jr. (d.1999 at
75), NY Times journalist, published "Conservatives in Power."
(SFC, 5/11/99, p.A19)
1960 F.A. Hayek, economist, wrote
"The Constitution of Liberty" (The Challenge to Liberty). Here he
declared the concepts of liberty and responsibility as inseparable.
(WSJ, 5/7/99, p.A18)(WSJ, 4/19/01, p.A16)
1960 Jasper Johns made his
"Painting with Two Balls."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, BR p.4)
1960 Sargent Johnson (1888-1967),
African-American artist in SF, made his diorite "Rape."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1960 Yves Klein painted "Untitled
Anthropometry (ANT 106)," a white canvas body-printed at his direction
by nude models with blue pigment.
(SFC, 2/10/98, p.E4)
1960 Rex Lardner (d.1998 at 80)
wrote "Out of the Bunker and Into the Trees," a parody of golf and
golfers. His books also included "the Complete Guide to Tennis." He was
the chief radio and TV writer for Ernie Kovacs.
(SFC, 7/31/98, p.D6)
1960 Sylvia Plath published her
first book of poems "The Colossus."
(SFC, 1/19/98, p.A10)
1960 "Ezra Pound," a biography by
Charles Norman, poet and biographer, was published.
(SFC, 9/16/96, p.A15)
1960 The Lithuanian embassy in
Washington published "Lithuania’s Occupation by the Soviet Union."
(Dr, 7/96, V1#1, p.3)
1960 Herb Caen, SF newspaper
columnist, wrote his 6th book "Only in San Francisco."
(SFEC, 2/2/97, p.A13)
1960 Prof. Earl Wendell Count
(1897-1996) edited "This Is Race: An Anthology of the Int’l. Literature
on the Races of Man."
(SFEC, 12/22/96, p.C12)
1960 William Heyden Easton
(1919-7/7/96), an authority on fossil corrals, published his textbook
"Invertebrate Paleontology."
(SFC, 7/20/96, p.A19)
1960 Clifton Fadiman (d.1999 at
95) first published his "Lifetime Reading Plan."
(WSJ, 7/2/99, p.W13)
1960 Leslie Fiedler (d.2003),
authored "Love and Death in the American Novel." He analyzed the work
of mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway and others.
(SFC, 1/31/03, p.A26)
1960 Hans-Georg Gadamer (d.2002),
German philosopher and influential in hermeneutics (the study of the
understanding and meaning of texts), authored "Truth and Method."
(SFC, 3/26/02, p.A24)
1960 Paul Goodman authored
"Growing Up Absurd: Problems of Youth in the Organized Society."
(SFC, 12/4/02, p.A28)
1960 George Leonard Herter
(1911-1994), Minnesota-born catalogue writer, published his “Bull Cook
and Authentic Historical Recipes and Practices.” Herter was later
considered the prince of fantasy food historians.
(http://tinyurl.com/4lgjf)(www.archeryarchives.com/herterhistory.html)
1960 David Kidd (1927-1996) wrote
"All the Emperor’s Horses," an account of the last days of the ancient
regime of China. It was reissued in 1988 as Peking Story.
(SFC, 11/27/96, p.B2)
1960 Harper Lee (b.1926), American
novelist, authored "To Kill a Mockingbird." It was made into a film in
1962. In 2006 Charles J. Shields authored “Mockingbird: A Portrait of
Harper Lee.”
(HN, 4/28/99)(SSFC, 6/25/06, p.M3)
1960 Prof. Herbert McClosky
(1916-2006) of UC Berkeley authored “The Soviet Dictatorship,” a
political analysis of the Soviet Union.
(SFC, 3/17/06, p.B9)
1960 Alan Moorehead authored "The
White Nile," a history of African exploration.
(Econ, 12/20/03, p.126)
1960 Vance Packard (1914-1996)
wrote "The Waste Makers," a critique of consumer society.
(SFC, 12/13/96, p.B6)
1960 "Bertillon 166" was the first
novel by Cuban writer Jose Soler Puig (1917-1996). The book described a
day in the life his native city under the government of Fulgencio
Batista. He also wrote "In the Year of January" (1963), "The Collapse"
(1964), "Sleeping Bread" (1975), "The Decaying Mansion" (1977), "A
World of Things" (1982), "The Knot," "Soul Alone," and "A Woman."
(SFC, 9/2/96, p.A20)
1960 Raymond Queneau, French
author, inspired the formation of Oulipo: the Ouvroir de Literature
Potentiale (the workshop for potential or hypothetical literature). In
1999 the "Oulipo Compendium," edited by Harry Matthews and Alastair
Brotchie, was published.
(SFEC, 5/9/99, BR p.8)
1960 Thomas Schelling, game
theorist, authored “The Strategy of Conflict.” In 2005 Schelling won
the Nobel Prize in economics.
(Econ, 10/15/05, p.82)(WSJ, 2/23/08, p.W8)
1960 Bertram Smythies (d.1999 at
86), British naturalist, published "The Birds of Borneo."
(SFC, 8/3/99, p.A20)
1960 William Stokoe Jr. (d.2000 at
80) authored "Sign language Structure." His work led to the acceptance
of American Sign Language as a genuine language. In 1964 Stokoe
co-authored "A Dictionary of American Sign Language on Linguistic
Principles.
(SFC, 4/13/00, p.C2)
1960 Joseph Tussman (1915-2005),
professor of philosophy, authored “Obligation and the Body Politic,” in
which he warned of America’s democracy moving “deeper into the morass
of public relations, the projection of images, and the painless
engineering of consent.”
(SSFC, 10/30/05, p.B5)
1960 Gore Vidal published his
satirical fantasy "Visit to a Small Planet." Vidal’s play "The Best
Man" opened on Broadway.
(WSJ, 2/27/98, p.A12)(WSJ, 9/20/00, p.A24)
1960 Theodore H. White published
"The Making of the President."
(WSJ, 7/29/99, p.A26)
1960 Edmund Wilson and Joseph
Mitchell authored “Apologies to the Iroquois.” It memorialized the
seizure by Robert Moses, the unelected head of the New York Power
Authority, of 600 acres by eminent domain for a power reservoir near
Niagara Falls.
(www.nyslittree.org/index.cfm/fuseaction/DB.PersonDetail/PersonPK/500.cfm)
1960 C. Van Woodward published
"The Burden of Southern History."
(SFEC, 12/19/99, p.C14)
1960 The Noel Coward play "Waiting
in the Wings" was first performed.
(WSJ, 12/20/99, p.A24)
1960 Angela Lansbury played in "A
Taste of Honey."
(SFEC, 12/8/96, Par p.18)
1960 The musical "Oliver" based on
the Dickens novel "Oliver Twist" premiered in London. It was written
and composed by Lionel Bart (d.1999 at 68).
(SFEC, 4/4/99, p.B12)
1960 Peter Brook directed the
stage show "Irma La Douce."
(WSJ, 6/15/98, p.A26)
1960 Benjamin Britten based his
new opera "A Midsummer Night’s Dream" on the Shakespeare play.
(WSJ, 12/11/96, p.A1)
1960 Alvin Ailey (1931-1989) first
performed his dance "Revelations." In 1996 Jennifer Dunning wrote his
biography: "Alvin Ailey, A Life in Dance."
(SFEC, 12/15/96, BR p.4)
1960 The last Playhouse 90
production was shown on TV. It was a drama of the Warsaw ghetto titled:
"In the Presence of Mine Enemies" and was written by Rod Serling.
(WSJ, 11/27/95, p.A-14)
1960 "The Porter Wagoner Show"
began on TV and ran for 21 years.
(AP, 10/29/07)
1960 Ray Charles made a hit with
"Georgia on My Mind."
(SSFC, 7/28/02, Par p.20)
1960 Sam Cooke made a hit with his
song: "Wonderful World."
(SFEC, 1/10/99, BR p.9)
1960 Floyd Cramer (d.1997 at 64),
studio pianist, had a hit single with the song "Last Date." He also
wrote "San Antonio Rose," "Fancy Pants," and "On the Rebound."
(SFC, 1/1/98, p.A25)
1960 Bob Ferguson (d.2001 at 73)
wrote the country song "Wings of a Dove" for Ferlin Husky.
(SFC, 7/25/01, p.C2)
1960 Leonard Kwan (d.2000 at 69)
recorded "Slack Key," the world’s first all-instrumental slack key
album.
(SFC, 8/17/00, p.A27)
1960 John Lewis directed the
Monterey Jazz Festival and featured Ornette Coleman, John Coltrane, and
Eric Dolphy. Jimmy Lyons and many others in the crowd wailed that "that
stuff isn’t jazz." "Evolution of the Blues" by Joe Hendricks,
commissioned for the festival was first performed. Lalo Schifrin’s
"Gillespiana" suite was also preformed.
(SFC, 6/30/96, B9)(SFC, 9/23/96, D1)
1960 Country singer Hank Lochlin
(1918-2009) made a hit with his song “Please Help Me, I’m Falling.” It
was Billboard’s No. 1 song for 14 weeks.
(SFC, 3/12/09, p.B6)
1960 Loretta Lynn scored her first
hit with "I’m a Honky Tonk Girl."
(SFC, 8/24/96, p.A21)
1960 Rockin’ Robin Roberts
recorded a version of "Louie, Louie" with the Wailers. It became a
regional hit in the Seattle-Tacoma area.
(SFC, 1/25/97, p.A19)
1960 Isaac Stern (d.2001 at 81),
Russian-Jewish immigrant to the US and legendary violinist, saved
Carnegie Hall from the wrecking ball.
(SSFC, 9/23/01, p.A24)
1960 "We Shall Overcome" became
the anthem of the non-violence movement in the US.
(TMC, 1994, p.1960)
1960 Pan Am constructed its World
Port terminal at Idlewild Airport, which was later renamed to JFK
Airport.
(Hem., 5/97, p.70)
1960 It was reported that a rule
that required women to wear head coverings in churches was repealed. No
official statement to that effect was actually made.
(WSJ, 10/8/97, p.A1)(www.catholicintl.com/qa/qa.htm)
1960 Pat Robertson started the
Christian Broadcasting Network with the purchase of an idle UHF
broadcast station in Portsmouth, Va.
(WSJ, 8/29/96, p.A7)
1960 Ruses Solomon founded Tower
Records in Sacramento, Ca., by selling records out of his father’s
drugstore. In 2006 the 89-store company was sold for $150 million, with
creditors owed $200 million.
(SFC, 10/7/06, p.C3)
1960 Rev. Elwood Kieser founded
Paulist Productions to spread the Catholic faith through film.
(WSJ, 9/26/96, p.B1)
1960 Ira Eaker (1922-2002) and
Allen Zwerdling founded Back Stage, a NYC theater trade paper.
(SSFC, 7/21/02, p.A27)
1960 Wilbur Hardee (1917-2008),
opened his first Hardee’s restaurant, in Greenville, NC. The company
went public in 1963.
(SFC, 6/24/08, p.B5)(http://tinyurl.com/6ztal8)
1960 Gil Perkins (d.1999 at 91),
actor and stuntman, co-founded the Stuntmen's Association of Motion
Pictures.
(SFC, 4/2/99, p.D6)
1960 The Rockefeller and Ford
foundations joined forces to found the Int’l. Rice Research Institute
(IRRI) in Losa Banos, Philippines.
(Hem., 12/96, p.82)
1960 In Georgia the Cathedral of
the Holy Spirit began as a small church in the Little Five Points
neighborhood of Atlanta. Membership peaked at about 10,000 in the
1990s. By 2007 membership had fallen to about 1,500 in the wake of sex
scandals associated with founding Archbishop Earl Paulk (80).
(SFC, 11/20/07, p.A7)
1960 New York based Greek
Archbishop Iakovos founded the Standing Conference of Canonical
Orthodox Bishops for cooperation and unity.
(WP, 6/29/96, p.B7)
1960 Pamela Churchill Harriman
(1920-1997) married producer Leland Hayward. Hayward died in 1971 and
Pamela married Averell Harriman, a former lover. Her biography was
written in 1996 by Sally Bedell Smith: "Reflected Glory: The Life of
Pamela Churchill Harriman."
(SFC, 10/23/96, p.E6)(WSJ, 11/4/96, p.A21)(SFC,
2/6/97, p.A14)
1960 The first REIT (Real Estate
Investment Trust) was formed.
(Hem, Dec. 94, p.49)
1960 Hugo Gernsback (1884-1967),
Luxembourg-born US publisher and inventor, won his own Hugo award as
"The Father of Magazine Science Fiction."
(www.nndb.com/people/381/000045246/)
1960 Donald A. Glaser of UC
Berkeley won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
(SFC, 10/10/96, p.A1)
1960 Albert John Lutuli
(c1898-1967), tribal chief and president-general of the African
National Congress, won the Nobel Peace prize.
(http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1960/lutuli-bio.html)
1960 Alexis Saint-Leger
(1887-1975), Guadeloupe-born French poet and diplomat, won the Nobel
Prize for literature. He wrote under the pseudonym Saint John Perse.
(http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Leger,+Alexis+Saint-Leger)
1960 The SF Giants began playing
baseball at the new Candlestick Park.
(SFEC,12/797, Z1 p.4)
1960 In boxing American Floyd
Patterson defeated Sweden’s Ingemar Johansson in their 2nd meeting.
(SFC, 6/28/97, p.B1)
1960 Mohammad Ali (Cassius Clay)
threw his Olympic gold medal for boxing into the Ohio River after being
refused service at a Louisville restaurant.
(SFEC, 9/27/98, Par p.2)
1960 The Oakland Raiders began
play in the fledgling American Football League at Youell Field, Kezar
Stadium and the new Candlestick Park.
(SFEC, 3/1/98, p.W39)
1960 Pete Rozelle (1926-1996)
became the commissioner of the National Football League. He served
until 1989.
(SFC, 12/7/96, p.A1,11)
1960 The Dallas Cowboys football
team played their first season with no wins.
(WSJ, 1/10/97, p.A1)
1960 The Winter Olympics were held
in Squaw Valley.
(SFC, 10/4/97, p.A20)
1960 The Eisenhower administration
created the Arctic National Wildlife Range on 9 million acres of
Alaska’s coastal plain and mountains adjacent to Canada.
(SSFC, 8/28/05, p.A13)
1960 John F. Kennedy asked his
friend Frank Sinatra for help in the West Virginia primary for
presidential elections. Sinatra asked his friend Sam Giancana to assist
in this matter. The story is documented in a 1995 biography of
Sinatra by his daughter Nancy titled: "Frank Sinatra: An American
Legend." JFK used his young lover Judith Campbell Exner (d.1999 at 65)
to carry messages and money to Sam Giancana. The story was told in a
1997 A&E TV show series titled "Godfathers," that focused on the
biography of Sam Giancana. Exner was introduced to JFK and Giancana by
Frank Sinatra.
(WSJ, 12/14/95, p.A-12)(SFC, 1/8/96, p.B2)(SFC,
12/9/98, p.A7)(SFEC, 9/26/99, p.C7)
1960 Republican Richard Nixon won
the New Hampshire primary over Nelson Rockefeller 89.3 to 3.8%.
Democrat John Kennedy won over Paul Fisher 85.2 to 13.5%.
(SSFC, 1/25/04, p.A19)
1960 Joseph P. Kennedy was later
reported to have held a meeting with Chicago mobster Sam Giancana to
encourage the mob-run unions to vote for JFK. The events were later
described in the 1997 book "The Dark Side of Camelot" by Seymour Hersh.
Hersh excluded controversial documents known as the "JFK Papers" that
were reportedly found in the files of the late New York lawyer Lawrence
Cusack.
(SFEC,11/9/97, p.A12)(SFEC,11/23/97, p.A8)
1960 John F. Kennedy beat Richard
Nixon for the US presidency by 118,574 votes.
(TMC, 1994, p.1960)
1960 The US-Japan Security Treaty
formalized a US-Japanese alliance.
(Econ, 10/8/05, Survey p.14)
1960 Ruby Bridges, a 6-year-old
black girl, entered a previously all-white school flanked by 4 federal
marshals before a phalanx of angry racists. A 1998 Disney movie "Ruby
Bridges" portrayed the event, which was captured by Norman Rockwell in
his painting: "The Problem We all Live With."
(WSJ, 1/8/98, p.A7)
1960 The Forest Service
designated 6,000 sq. mls. of revitalized grasslands of the US
western plains as National Grasslands. Kiowa National Grassland
occupies 210 sq. mls. of northeastern New Mexico.
(NH, 5/96, p.64)
1960 California ordered smog
control devices on cars. It was the first such law in the country.
(SFC, 12/27/99, p.A10)
1960 The US Army completed
Capehart Housing, some 30 duplexes in the Marin Headlands.
(SFCM, 10/3/04, p.14)
1960 The Woodside Community Church
was built in Woodside, Ca. It was designed by Donn Emmons (d.1997 at
87).
(SFC, 9/3/97, p.A20)
1960 The new King Estates Middle
School opened in Oakland, Ca.
(SFC, 10/31/00, p.A1)
1960 Ralph Stackpole presented the
new city of Pacifica, Ca., with 2 working models of his 1939 Expo
statue of the same name.
(Ind, 1/23/99, p.5A)
1960 The SF Bay was reduced to 548
sq. miles by silting, diking, draining and filling.
(SFC, 11/4/98, p.A29)
1960 Developer T. Jack Foster, to
finance the development of Foster City, persuaded California state Sen.
Richard Dolwig (R.-Redwood City) to pass a bill creating the Estero
Municipal Improvement District, which was authorized to issue over $85
million in bonds through 1967.
(SFC, 6/14/09, p.H2)
1960 A fire swept the old Madden
& Lewis boatyard in Sausalito, Ca., and devastated the studio of
David Morris (d.1999 at 88). Morris had served as the head of the arts
section of the WPA in the 1930s.
(SFC, 2/25/99, p.C2)
1960 Hugh Hefner (b.1926), in
partnership with Victor Lownes and restaurateur Arnold Morton (d.2005),
opened the 1st Playboy Club in Chicago.
(SFC, 5/30/05, p.B4)
1960 Allied Capital, a
private-equity firm for business development companies (BDCS), went
public. Such firms were exempt from corporate taxes as long as the bulk
of profits were distributed to shareholders.
(Econ, 4/24/04, p.78)
1960 Stanford R. Ovshinsky and his
wife Iris founded Energy Conversion Devices (ECD) in Rochester Hills,
Michigan. In the 1980s the company introduced a nickel-metal hydride
battery (NiMH) for consumer use and made it available for automobiles
in the early 1990s. The technology made hybrid vehicles possible. By
2006 sales for the solar division, United Solar Ovonic, reached $90
Million.
(WSJ, 10/13/04, p.C1)(WSJ, 11/27/06, p.A1)(Econ,
12/2/06, TQ p.33)
1960 The Dart Container Corp. was
incorporated by W.A. Dart. It grew to control more than half of the US
polystyrene-cup market.
(WSJ, 12/5/97, p.A1)
1960 Marc Bohan took over Dior as
a fashion designer for jet setters.
(WSJ, 1/20/03, p.B1)
1960 Isadore Sharp founded the
Four Seasons luxury hotel chain.
(WSJ, 4/8/02, p.A1)
1960 Pan American World Airways
was contracted to provide service to a chain of Micronesian islands.
(WSJ, 11/21/96, p.A23)
c1960 Trucker Malcom McClean of
North Carolina put freight containers on a cargo ship and launched the
container ship business. His company became Sea-Land.
(WSJ, 3/15/00, p.B1)
1960 US car makers introduced some
small cars, among them the Comet, Falcon and Corvair.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1960 William G. White (1913-1996)
took over the leadership of Consolidated Freightways and turned the
company into a leader in the trucking industry.
(SFC, 11/22/96, p.A28)
1960 TRW became the first US
company to produce a rack-and-pinion steering system.
(F, 10/7/96, p.70)
1960 Builder Del Webb opened the
Sun City retirement community near Phoenix, Ariz.
(WSJ, 10/13/04, p.D6)
1960 Wells Fargo was acquired by
the American Trust Company, which shifted the bank’s focus to retail
banking. Wells at the time had 12 offices in California, while American
Trust had 102. The Wells Fargo name was kept.
(SFC, 6/9/98, p.A10)
1960 IBM Pres. Thomas J. Watson
committed $5 billion to develop the System/360 new computer line.
(WSJ, 11/5/99, p.A1)
1960 Bob Bemer, programmer at IBM,
created the software "escape sequence" that allowed computers to break
from one alphabet to another. He later led efforts to establish the
universal character set called ASCII, named the COBOL programming
language, and helped develop the standard for the 8 bit byte.
(WSJ, 6/20/97, p.B1)
1960 Hans Freudenthal, Dutch
mathematician, designed the Lincos artificial language. It was designed
to communicate with aliens.
(Wired, 8/96, p.88)
1960 James Cooke Brown designed
Loglan, an artificial language to test the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis that
language influences the thoughts of the speaker. The Lojban language
later grew out of Loglan for the purpose of studying artificial
intelligence. It used the same grammar but a completely different
vocabulary.
(Wired, 8/96, p.88)
1960 George Kozmetsky (d.2003 at
85) and Henry Singleton of Litton Industries formed Teledyne Corp.
Kozmetsky and his wife Ronya formed the RGK Foundation in 1966.
(SFC, 5/7/03, p.A1)
1960 The Xerox model 914
plain-paper copier made its debut. It was invented by Chester Carlson
and had been nursed along by Batelle research institute of Ohio and
Haloid, a NY manufacturer of photographic paper. In 1961 Haloid became
Xerox.
(WSJ, 8/6/04, p.W8)
c1960 The Visible Man toy was
created by Marcel Jovine (d.2003 at 81) and was soon followed by
Visible Woman.
(SFC, 1/28/03, p.A15)
1960 Jane Goodall began her study
of chimpanzees in the Gombe reserve of Tanzania.
(SFEC, 12/15/96, zone 1 p.3)
1960 Stanley Milgram began
experiments at Yale Univ. on the psychology of torture. His
groundbreaking article “Behavioral Study of Obedience,” was published
on Oct 15, 1963, in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology. His experiments
created a paradigm for considering how cruel people can be when they
are “only obeying orders.” In 2004 Thomas Blass authored “The Man Who
Shocked the World: The Life and Legacy of Stanley Milgram.”
(SSFC, 7/4/04, p.M6)(SAM, 10/08, p,24)
1960 William F. House led a team
that perfected the cochlear implant, a device that transforms sound
into electrical signals that stimulate the auditory nerve in the brain.
(SFC, 7/18/00, p.A8)
1960 The population of the world
again doubled from what it was in 1900 to 3.2 billion. It was expected
that by the year 2000 there would be 6 to 7 billion human beings on the
planet.
(V.D.-H.K.p.169)
1960 The Int’l. Bureau of Weights
and Measures defined the meter as 1,650,763.73 wavelengths, in a
vacuum, of light emitted by the unperturbed atomic energy level
transition 2p10 to 5d5 of the krypton-86 isotope.
(NH, 2/05, p.24)
1960 A tidal wave hit Hilo,
Hawaii, and wiped out the beaches along with a section of downtown.
(SFEC, 4/2/00, p.T4)
1960 Two planes crashed over
Staten Island N.Y. killing 134 people.
(TMC, 1994, p.1960)
1960 Richard Buckley (b.1906),
monologist known as Lord Buckley, died. In 2002 Oliver Trager authored
"Dig Infinity! The Life and Art of Lord Buckley."
(SFC, 7/9/02, p.D1)
1960 Alvin Pleasant Carter,
legendary country musician (A.P. Carter), died in his Virginia mountain
cabin. His brother Ezra pressed his 3 daughters and Maybelle Carter to
form a 2nd generation Carter Family music group. Johnny Cash was
Maybelle’s son-in-law.
(SSFC, 8/4/02, p.M3)
1960 Eddie Cochran (21),
guitarist, died following a car crash in a hired car in England. His
hit songs included "Summertime Blues" and "C’mon Everybody." His
girlfriend, songwriter Sharon Sheeley and rocker Gene Vincent, survived.
(SFC, 5/25/02, p.A27)
1960 Zora Neale Hurston (b.1903),
black author, died. Her 1942 autobiography was titled "Dust Tracks on a
Road." In 1977 Robert Hemenway authored a biography of Hurston. In 2002
Cora Kaplan edited "Zora Neale Hurston: A Life in Letters." In 2002
Valerie Boyd authored the biography "Wrapped in Rainbows."
(WSJ, 12/20/02, p.W8)(SSFC, 12/29/02, p.M1)
1960 Dimitri Mitropoulos (b.1897),
conductor of the NY Philharmonic, died. he was succeeded by Leonard
Bernstein.
(WUD, 1994, p.918)(SFEC, 1/5/97, p.B11)
1960 St. John Philby died in
Beirut from a heart attack. He had orchestrated the Aramco oil deal in
Saudi Arabia.
(WSJ, 3/8/99, p.A16)
1960 Martin Ramirez (b.1885 in
Mexico), outsider artist, died in a state mental hospital. He was
picked up in LA in 1930 and locked up for the rest of his life. He
began to draw around 1948 with any material he could get and was
discovered in 1954 by a prof. of psychology at Cal State in Sacramento.
His pencil-and-crayon drawings became some of the highest-priced works
in the field.
(WSJ, 3/11/98, p.A18)
1960 Richard Wright (b.1908),
novelist who wrote about the abuses of blacks in white society, best
known for "Native Son" (1940), died in Paris. In 2001 Hazel Rowley
authored the biography: "Richard Wright."
(HN, 9/4/98)(SSFC, 8/12/01, DB p.61)(SFC, 9/5/01,
p.A20)
1960 In this year 17 former
African colonies became independent members of the UN.
(SSFC, 2/11/07, p.C1)
1960 Albania sided with China on
a Sino-Soviet ideological dispute; consequently Soviet economic support
was curtailed and Chinese aid was increased.
(www, Albania, 1998)
1960 The new American Embassy in
London, designed by Eero Saarinen, was completed. His designed
for the building, officially titled the U.S. Chancellery, was completed
in 1955.
(WSJ, 10/8/08, p.D9)
1960 The Central American Common
Market was set up by a treaty between El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua, and later Costa Rica. It fell apart by the end of the decade.
(Econ, 5/14/05,
p.41)(www.bartleby.com/65/ce/CentrACM.html)
1960 China launched its first
rocket despite a cutoff of Soviet aid amid a political falling-out.
(AP, 10/15/03)
1960 Colombia’s a domestic spy
agency, created in 1953, was reconstructed as the DAS by President
Alberto Lleras Camargo.
(AP, 9/18/09)
1960 Following the revolution
Ramon Grau Alsina (d.1998 at 80) and his sister founded the underground
Pedro Pan organization for Cuban parents to send their children to live
in the US.
(SFC, 11/6/98, p.D5)
1960 In Egypt Pres. Gamal Abdel
Nasser nationalized the country’s media. Mustafa Amin (d.1997 at 83)
and his twin brother Ali published 5 of the best-selling publications
prior to the seizure and were highly critical of Nasser.
(SFC, 4/14/97, p.A19)
1960 The Aswan High Dam was begun.
Lake Nasser behind it stores 170 billion cubic meters of water at
top level, enough to satisfy Egypt’s needs for about three years. The
Aswan High Dam forced the relocation of 60,000 Egyptian Nubians.
New settlements were built in the desert away from the river with
irrigation canals for farming.
(NG, May 1985, Farouk El-Baz, p.595)(NG, May 1985,
p.602)
1960 In Finland 3 teenage camping
companions were found stabbed to death inside a tent by Lake Bodom. A
4th survived with multiple stab wounds. In 2005 Nils Gustafsson (63),
the survivor, was charged with murdering his 3 companions.
(AP, 8/16/05)
1960 In Guatemala rebellious army
officers took to the hills and began the long attempt to overthrow a
tyrannical regime.
(SFC, 1/3/97, p.A26)
1960 In India the film
"Mughal-e-Azam" (Emperor of the Moghuls) was released. It became one of
Bollywood's greatest classics. In 2004 it was re-released in a color
version. The film was set in Lahore at a time when Muslims ruled India.
It was shown in Pakistan for the 1st time in 2006.
(AP, 11/8/04)(Reuters, 4/23/06)
1960 Yukio Mishima (1925-1970),
Japanese writer, authored “Utage No Ato “After the Banquet), a somewhat
disguised account of certain aspects of an actual political campaign.
(Econ, 8/22/09,
p.35)(www.answers.com/topic/yukio-mishima)
1960 Japan’s PM Nobusuke Kishi
strengthened Japan’s alliance with America. His grandson, Shinzo Abe,
became PM of Japan in 2006. During the 1930s Kishi had run industrial
policy in Manchuria and in the 1940s oversaw forced-labor programs.
(Econ, 10/7/06, p.31)
1960 In Latin America the military
brass met for their first Conference of American Armies.
(SFC, 11/20/99, p.C1)
1960 Islamabad was designed as the
forward capital of Pakistan to replace Karachi. Islamabad and the
ancient Gakhar city of Rawalpindi stand side by side, displaying the
country’s past and present.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad)
1960 Arequipa, Peru, was hit by
another earthquake. [see Chile, May 22, 1960]
(SSFC, 6/24/01, p.A16)
1960 The West Indies Associated
States were formed from the former British colony of St.
Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla.
(WUD, 1994, p.961)
1960s In 1987 Todd Gitlin authored
"The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage."
(SSFC, 3/17/02, p.M2)
1960s The quarterly journal The
Eventorium Muse was published. It featured the poetry of Frank
Kuenstler (1928-1996). He also published the poetry books "Lens,"
"Fugitives" and "Miscellany."
(SFC, 9/2/96, p.A20)
1960s Darcy Ribeiro,
anthropologist (1923-1997), wrote his 6-volume work "Studies of
the Anthropology of Civilization."
(SFC, 2/20/96, p.A20)
1960s Leni Riefenstahl, German
filmmaker, published a collection of photographs of the Nuba tribe of
southern Sudan.
(SFC, 9/10/03, p.A19)
1960s Alexander Schindler (d.2000
at 75), US Jewish reform leader, authored "The Torah: A Modern
Commentary."
(SFC, 11/17/00, p.D7)
1960s Czech director Ivan Passer
did "Intimate Lightning."
(WSJ, 1/24/97, p.A13)
1960s Prof. Frank Kofsky (d.1997
at 62) wrote "John Coltrane and the Jazz Revolution of the 1960s." He
also wrote "Black Music, White Business."
(SFC,11/26/97, p.C6)
1960s The King Family was featured
on ABC TV. The show featured Alyce King Clarke (1916-1996), one of the
King Sisters who sang through five decades.
(SFC, 8/24/96, p.A21)
1960s Dion DiMucci, rock-pop
singer, popularized "Runaround Sue," "The Wanderer," and "Abraham,
Martin and John." He initially sang with The Belmonts and in 1996
worked with a band called Little Kings.
(SFC, 7/12/96, p.D5)
1960s Singer and minstrel Donovan
Leitch made hits with his songs: "Sunshine Superman," "Hurdy Gurdy
Man," "Atlantis," and "Mellow Yellow."
(SFEC, 10/13/96, DB p.47)
1960s The Serendipity Singers
toured with the Kingston Trio and the New Christy Minstrels. They
recorded "Don’t Let the Rain Come Down." Lead singer Dennis E. Arnold
died in 1997 at 49.
(SFC, 9/30/97, p.A13)
1960s Taj Mahal began performing
with his R&B band around Boston coffeehouses and later earned a
degree in animal husbandry.
(SFEC, 8/31/97, DB p.9)
1960s John Sinclair founded the
White Panther Party and managed the MC5 rock group.
(SFEC, 7/21/96, DB p.35)
1960s Rev. Paul Van Buren (d.1998
at 74), an Episcopal professor at Temple Univ., was a leading exponent
of the ‘death of God" school of theology.
(SFC, 7/2/98, p.C5)
1960s US pres. Lyndon B. Johnson
visited Malaysia. In honor of his visit a new plantation was named LBJ.
The plantation was later sold for the development of an information
technology zone called the Multimedia Super Corridor.
(WSJ, 1/8/97, p.A12)
1960s A payola scandal brought
down the empire of popular disk jockey Alan Freed after it was revealed
that he had accepted money from record companies to play their records.
(SFC, 2/12/00, p.A21)
1960s The US Army Corps of
Engineers, at the behest of state and federal governments, crisscrossed
the remnants of Florida’s Kissimmee River with dykes, ditches and
levees.
(Econ, 10/8/05, p.31)
1960s Eugene Stoner (1922-1997)
invented the Stoner 63, an automatic weapon that could be converted
from a light rifle into a rapid-firing gun. He developed M-16 assault
rifle.
(SFEC, 4/27/97, p.B8)
1960s Four revolutions were being
enacted around the world: 1)The radical movement in the West. 2) The
movement in Czechoslovakia against totalitarianism. 3) National
liberation movements in Southeast Asia. 4) Liberation theology in Latin
America. Paul Berman focuses on the first two in his 1996 book "A Tale
of Two Utopias, The Political Journey of the Generation of 1968."
(SFEC, 1/5/97, BR p.4)
1960s The CIA gave the Tibetan
exile movement $1.7 million a year. The Dalai Lama’s share was
$180,000. The payments were part of a program to undermine communism
worldwide and were apparently stopped by the Nixon administration in
the 1970s.
(SFC, 9/30/98, p.A10)
1960s Four American soldiers
defected to North Korea.
(SFC, 6/18/96, p.A12)
1960s In Bridgeport, Conn., the
Rev. Laurence Brett molested young Frank Martinelli. In 1997 the
Bridgeport Roman Catholic Diocese was found guilty for breach of duty
and failure to investigate for other victims and awarded Martinelli
(50) $750,000. The good Rev. could not be found.
(SFC, 8/26/97, p.E4)
1960s Tino De Angelis hocked and
sold billions of pounds of non-existent salad oil in a major scandal of
the period.
(WSJ, 7/10/02, p.A8)
1960s Billy Sol Estes mortgaged
nonexistent farm equipment in a major scandal of the decade.
(WSJ, 7/10/02, p.A8)
1960s Big Top peanut butter
produced a glass mug to hold its product with a picture of Hopalong
Cassidy, the old singing cowboy star.
(SFC, 2/18/98, Z1 p.3)
1960s A walking catfish (Clarias
batrachus), imported from Bangkok, walked away from a fish farm west of
Deerfield Beach, Florida. By 2002 it had spread to 20 counties in South
Florida.
(SFC, 7/4/02, p.A2)
1960s The DoodelMaster Magic
Screen toy, made in England, was acquired by Ohio Art Toy and
renamed Etch A Sketch.
(SFC, 6/15/00, p.C6)
1960s Philip Kraczkowski
(1916-1996) designed the head of the G.I. Joe figure for the Hasbro toy
company.
(SFC, 10/11/96, p.A24)
1960 The new antibiotic
methicillin was introduced. In 1961 strains of Staphylococcus aureus
resistant to Methicillin (MRSA) were first reported.
(SFC, 5/29/97,
p.A4)(www.wellcome.ac.uk/doc_WTX026108.html)
1960s Edward Lorenz, MIT
meteorologist, popularized the notion of the butterfly effect: where a
small turbulence, such as a butterfly flapping its wings, can set in
motion atmospheric events that can climax in a hurricane.
(SFC, 8/15/03, p.A6)
1960s Robert B. Leighton
(1919-1997) led the team at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the Mars
probes, Mariner IV, VI, and VII. He was the inventor of the Leighton
dishes, a type of telescope that enabled astronomers to analyze an
unexplored area of the electromagnetic spectrum. He also wrote the text
"Principles of Modern Physics."
(SFC, 3/15/97, p.A19)
1960s The black hole in the center
of the Milky Way was named Sagittarius A after it was found to be a
compact source of radio waves. It was estimated to have a mass equal to
2.6 million suns and be about 6 million miles across and some 26,000
light years away.
(SFC, 1/8/98, p.A6)
1960s On the island of Bonaire,
Netherland Antilles, turtles became legally protected in the mid 60s.
(SFEC, 10/6/96, T8)
1960s In Brazil Carlos Marighella
and Carlos Lamarca founded revolutionary groups. They financed their
operations by robbing banks and kidnapped foreign ambassadors as
exchange for jailed colleagues.
(SFC, 6/14/96, p. A17)
1960s Many Nepalese migrated to
Bhutan for economic reasons.
(Econ, 10/25/03, p.39)
1960-1962 The Stanford Radio Telescope Dish, built by
SRI, took three years to complete. Its mission was to do observational
radio science. It participated in the Pioneer space program and was
used to study solar winds.
(SFC, 5/16/96, p.A-11)
1960-1962 In China in the famine of this period an
estimated 30 million people died.
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.A19)
1960-1963 In Cambodia Prince Norodom Sihanouk
repressed the Communist party and Pol Pot and other leaders fled to the
jungle.
(SFC, 6/14/97, p.A15)
1960-1966 On TV Hanna-Barbera introduced "The
Flintstones" animated cartoon series which ran for a record 166
episodes. This was surpassed in 1997 by "The Simpsons." Jean Vander Pyl
(d.1999 at 79) spoke the voice of Wilma, Pebbles and Mrs. Slate, the
wife of Fred's boss. The theme music was composed by Hoyt Curtin
(d.2000 at 78).
(USAT, 1/13/97, p.1D)(SFC, 8/26/98, z1 p.6)(SFC,
4/14/99, p.AC5)(SSFC, 12/10/00, p.C17)
1960-1966 Marina City, a pair of cylindrical
apartment towers, was constructed built. The design was by Bertrand
Goldberg (d.1997 at 84).
(SFC, 10/11/97, p.A19)
1960-1966 The Ska era of music in Jamaica. The
musicians included guitarist Ernest Ranglin, saxophonist Tommy McCook
and trombonist Don Drummond.
(SFEC, 4/26/98, DB p.38)
1960-1967 Bobby Darin, singer, and Sandra Dee,
actress, were married. Their story was later told by their son in the
book "Dream Lovers."
(SFEC, 11/10/96, Par p.2)
1960-1969 In 2008 Peter Doggett authored “There’s a
Riot Going On: Revolutionaries, Rock Stars, and the Rise and Fall of
the ‘60s.” The title was taken from the 1971 album by Sly and the
Family Stone.
(SFC, 10/3/08, p.E5)
1960-1970 In 2000 Maurice Isserman and Michael Kazin
authored "America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s."
(SFEC, 6/11/00, BR p.2)
1960-1979 The US CIA launched a secret domestic
spying program dubbed MHCHAOS aimed at the US anti-war underground
press. The events were later described in the 1997 book by Angus
McKenzie (d.1997): "Secrets: The CIA’s War at Home."
(http://archives.cjr.org/year/98/2/books-cia.asp)
1960-1970 The Toyota Motor Company, formed as a
division of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works in the 30s, acquired several
competing companies including Hino, Nippondenso and Daihitsu during the
60s and 70s in a huge expansion that included marketing more cars
overseas. The “Toyota Way,” its corporate culture, embodied 5 elements:
Kaizen (continuous improvement), Genchi genbutsu (go to the source for
facts), Challenge, Teamwork, and Respect for other people.
(HNQ, 9/28/00)(Econ, 1/21/06, Survey p.11)
1960s-1970s In Russia Vladimir Soloukhin, writer,
published a series of essays lamenting the loss of ancient monuments.
His essays sparked a grassroot interest in preserving the past and the
formation of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of
History and Culture (VOOPIK).
(AM, Jul/Aug ‘97 p.34)
1960s-1973 Thanom Kittikachorn (d.2004) ran Thailand
in the 1960s and early 1970s with his son, Col. Narong Kittikachorn,
and Narong's father-in-law, Field Marshal Praphas Charusathien.
(AP, 6/17/04)
1960-1972 Some 90 cancer patients at the Univ. of
Cincinnati Gen’l. Hospital were administered doses of radiation. The
project was funded by the Defense Dept. for data on how radiation might
affect troops. A federal judge approved a $4.3 million settlement in
1997 to the relatives of the patients along with a government apology.
(SFC,10/30/97, p.A3)
1960-1990 80 billion tons of carbon was put into the
atmosphere. This amount was equaled in the period from 1860 to 1960.
(NOHY, Weiner, 3/90, p.41)
1960-1990s Peter Schrag, retired editor of the
Sacramento Bee, published in 1998 the book "Paradise Lost: California’s
Experience and America’s Future." In it he brought together the
disparate political and social events of the last four decades in the
state.
(SFEC, 2/22/98, Z1 p.3)
1960-1995 Robert Fogel of the Univ. of Chicago argued
that America was undergoing its fourth religious revival and that it
started about 1960 and was still continuing. The period from 1890-1930
marked in his mind the 3rd Great Awakening in America. This was from
his Bradley lecture at the American Enterprise Institute.
(WSJ, 10/6/95, p.A-10)
1960-2005 The fault line in American politics
shifted from class to values.
(Econ, 5/21/05, p.29)
1960-2006 US inflation over this period caused the
buying power of $1,000 in 1960 money to match $6,818 in 2006.
(WSJ, 12/16/06, p.S5)
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