Return to home1964 Jan 1,
Fatah, the Palestinian guerrilla group founded by Yasser Arafat,
made its 1st armed attack against Israel. The annual celebration of
this day came to be known as Fatah Day.
(SFC, 1/2/01, p.A8)
1964 Jan 3, Barry
Goldwater announced that he was a candidate for the U.S. Presidency.
Later that year he lost ... big time! Lyndon B. Johnson: 43,126,506;
Goldwater: 27,176,799.
(440 Int'l. 1/3/99)
1964 Jan 7, Nicolas Cage,
[Coppola], actor (Moonstruck, Racing with the Moon), was born.
(MC, 1/7/02)
1964 Jan 8, President Johnson
declared a "War on Poverty" in his State of the Union address.
(AP, 1/8/08)
1964 Jan 9, Anti-US rioting
broke out in the Panama Canal Zone, resulting in the deaths of 21
Panamanians and three US soldiers. US forces killed 6 Panamanian
students protesting in the canal zone. Violent clashes between
Panamanians and American soldiers, which resulted in the deaths of
21 Panamanians and four American soldiers, began when US students’
attempted to raise the American flag at the Canal Zone high
school. An order banning the flying of any flags in front of
Canal Zone schools had been issued on December 30, 1963, because of
Panamanian sensitivity to US control of the Zone. These events led
to attempts to renegotiate the Canal Zone’s status.
(HN, 1/9/98)(AP, 1/9/99)(HNQ, 6/10/99)
1964 Jan 9, In San Francisco
the Civil Service Commission voted unanimously to uphold the firing
of Juvenile Probation Officer James A. Forstner, who refusing to
shave his beard.
(SSFC, 1/5/14, DB p.42)
1964 Jan 10, Pres. Johnson
held a meeting with Sec. of Defense Robert McNamara after which he
approved covert operations against North Vietnam [see Jan 16].
(SFEC, 8/17/97, BR p.9)
1964 Jan 10, The US Post Office
released a new stamp showing Texas pioneer Sam Houston with a rifle.
Its initial Dec 13 release was withheld due to the assassination of
Pres. Kennedy.
(SSFC, 12/15/13, p.42)
1964 Jan 10, Panama broke ties
with the U.S. and demanded a revision of the canal treaty.
(HN, 1/10/99)
1964 Jan 10, Battles took place
between Muslims & Hindus in Calcutta.
(MC, 1/10/02)
1964 Jan 11, Some of Pablo
Picasso works that have never been seen before went on exhibit in
Toronto.
(HN, 1/11/99)
1964 Jan 11, US Surgeon General
Luther Terry issued “Smoking and Health” the first major government
report saying smoking may be hazardous to one's health. The US
surgeon-general announced that smoking contributes substantially to
mortality.
(WSJ, 4/12/96, p.A-12)(AP, 1/11/98)(WSJ, 1/27/04,
p.A1)(Econ, 1/11/14, p.25)
1964 Jan 12, Leftist rebels in
Zanzibar, soon joined with Tanganyika to form Tanzania, began their
successful revolt against the government. The socialist uprising
unseated Sultan Jamshid and was fatal to thousands of Indian and
Arabian gentry.
(AP, 1/12/98)(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C12)
1964 Jan 16, The musical
"Hello, Dolly!," starring Carol Channing, opened on Broadway at the
St. James Theater, beginning a run of 2,844 performances.
(AP, 1/16/98)
1964
Jan 16, Pres. Johnson approved OPLAN 34A-64, calling for stepped up
infiltration and covert operations against North Vietnam to be
transferred from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to the
military."
(http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/lbjohnson)
1964 Jan 17, The PLO charter
was put together with articles that proclaimed Israel an illegal
state and pledged "the elimination of Zionism in Palestine." The PLO
was founded in Egypt. Fatah became the core group of the PLO.
(SFC, 12/11/98, p.A18)(SFC, 4/30/02, p.A8)(SFC,
11/11/04, p.18)
1964 Jan 18, Beatles 1st
appeared on Billboard Chart at #35 for "I Want to Hold Your Hand."
(MC, 1/18/02)
1964 Jan 18, Plans were
disclosed for the World Trade Center in NYC. It was commissioned in
1962 to Minoru Yamasaki.
(HN, 1/18/99)(WSJ, 12/2/03, p.D10)
1964 Jan 21, Carl T. Rowan was
named the director of the United States Information Agency (USIA).
(HN, 1/21/99)
1964 Jan 22, World's largest
cheese (15,723 kg) was manufactured in Wisconsin.
(MC, 1/22/02)
1964 Jan 23, Arthur Miller's
"After the Fall," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 1/23/02)
1964 Jan 23, The 24th amendment
to the Constitution, eliminating the poll tax in federal elections,
was ratified.
(AP, 1/23/98)
1964 Jan 25, Beatles 1st US #1,
"I Want to Hold your Hand."
(MC, 1/25/02)
1964 Jan 26, Eighty-four people
were arrested in a segregation protest in Atlanta.
(HN, 1/26/99)
1964 Jan 27, In San Francisco
the California Meat Co. and its 50 butchers moved from its 2-story
building at Montgomery and merchant to a modern building at 750
Brannan.
(SSFC, 1/26/14, DB p.42)
1964 Jan 28, The Soviets downed
a U.S. jet over East Germany killing three.
(HN, 1/28/99)
1964 Jan 30, The United States
launched Ranger 6 from Cape Canaveral. It was an unmanned spacecraft
carrying six television cameras that was to crash-land on the moon.
(AP, 1/30/98)(HN, 1/30/99)
1964 Jan 31, A US report,
"Smoking & Health," connected smoking to lung cancer.
(MC, 1/31/02)
1964 Jan, The Beatles made
their North America TV debut on the Jack Paar Show. [see Feb 9,
1964]
(SFC, 1/28/04, p.A1)
1964 Jan, Bob Dylan released
his 3rd album "The Times They Are A-Changing." In 1996 he sold
rights to the Bank of Montreal for its marketing campaign.
(SFC, 10/18/96, C12)(SFEC, 9/28/97, p.A3)
1964 Jan, A huge storm hit
California. [This scenario was repeated in 1997 when a Jan. storm in
California was followed by heavy flooding in the Ohio Valley in
March]
(SFC, 1/10/97, p.A21)
1964 Jan, Mary Sullivan (19)
was raped and strangled in her Boston apartment. In 2001 there was
evidence that she was not killed by Albert DeSalvo, the suspected
Boston Strangler. In 2013 DNA evidence linked DeSalvo to Sullivan’s
slaying.
(SFC, 12/7/01, p.A2)(SFC, 7/12/13, p.A10)
1964 Feb 1, Top hits included:
Anyone Who Had a Heart: Dionne Warwick; Um, Um, Um, Um, Um, Um:
Major Lance; Stop and Think It Over: Dale and Grace.
(440 Int'l, 2/1/1999)
1964 Feb 1, Indiana Governor
Mathew Walsh tried to ban "Louie Louie" for obscenity.
(MC, 2/1/02)
1964 Feb 1, President Lyndon B.
Johnson rejected Charles de Gaulle's plan for a neutral Vietnam.
(HN, 2/1/99)
1964 Feb 3, "Meet the Beatles"
album went Gold.
(MC, 2/3/02)
1964 Feb 6, Cuba blocked the
water supply to Guantanamo Naval Base in rebuke of the United
State's seizure of four Cuban fishing boats and fines on Cuban
fishermen near Florida. The US imposed water rationing and built
desalination plants in response.
(HN, 2/6/99)(SSFC, 1/20/02, p.A7)
1964 Feb 6, Paris and London
agreed to build a rail tunnel under the English Channel.
(HN, 2/6/99)
1964 Feb 6, The WSJ reported
that a group at Wayne State Univ. had begun a movement to "stamp out
the Beatles." The group was actually from the Univ. of Detroit.
(WSJ, 2/5/99, p.B1)
1964 Feb 7, The British
band The Beatles began their first American tour as they arrived at
New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, where they were
greeted by 25,000 screaming fans.
(SFEM, 3/9/96, p.35)(AP, 2/7/97)(HN, 2/7/99)
1964 Feb 7, Baskin-Robbins
introduced Beatle Nut ice cream.
(MC, 2/7/02)
1964 Feb 8, Peter Shaffer's
"Royal Hunt of the Sun," premiered in London.
(MC, 2/8/02)
1964 Feb 9, The Beatles made
their first live American television appearance on "The Ed Sullivan
Show." [see Jan, 1964]
(AP, 2/9/99)
1964 Feb 9, The U.S. embassy in
Moscow was stoned by Chinese and Vietnamese students.
(HN, 2/9/97)
1964 Feb 9, In Britain Maria
Callas sang in a live production of Puccini's Tosca produced at
Covent Garden by Franco Zeffirelli. It was later made available on
video.
(SFEC, 5/23/99, DB p.58)
1964 Feb 11, Sarah Palin, later
governor of Alaska, was born in Sandpoint, Idaho. After 3 months her
family moved to Alaska. In 2008 Sen. John McCain named her as his
vice-presidential running mate.
(SFC, 8/30/08, p.A6)
1964 Feb 11, The Beatles 1st
live appearance in US was in the Washington, DC Coliseum. It
was filmed by CBS.
(SFC, 3/6/04, p.D17)
1964 Feb 11, Cambodian Prince
Sihanouk blamed the U.S. for a South Vietnamese air raid on a
village in his country.
(HN, 2/11/97)
1964 Feb 12, The Beatles played
2 shows at Carnegie Hall.
(SFC, 3/6/04, p.D17)
1964 Feb 15, Beatles' "Meet the
Beatles!," album went #1 & stayed #1 for 11 weeks.
(440 Int’l., 2/15/99)
1964 Feb 15, Bill Bradley
scored 51 points for Princeton.
(440 Int’l., 2/15/99)
1964 Feb 15, Goethe Link
Observatory discovered asteroid #2417 McVittie & #3717.
(440 Int’l., 2/15/99)
1964 Feb 16, The Beatles made
their 2nd appearance on the "Ed Sullivan Show" from the Deauville
Hotel in Miami.
(SFC, 3/6/04, p.D17)
1964 Feb 17, The Supreme Court
ruled in Westberry vs. Sanders that congressional districts
within each state had to be roughly equal in population. Boundaries
would need to be redrawn after every census.
(AP, 2/17/98)(Econ, 6/18/11, p.33)
1964 Feb 18, Muriel Resnik's
"Any Wednesday," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 2/18/02)
1964 Feb 18, The Beatles
visited Cassius Clay in training for his match with heavyweight
champion Sonny Liston.
(SFC, 3/6/04, p.D17)
1964 Feb 18, The U.S. cut
military aid to five nations in reprisal for having trade relations
with Cuba.
(HN, 2/18/98)
1964 Feb 23, The Beatles' 3rd
TV appearance on the Ed Sullivan show, taped in NYC 2 weeks earlier,
aired.
(SFC, 3/6/04, p.D17)
1964 Feb 23, The U.S. and
Britain recognized the new Zanzibar government.
(HN, 2/23/98)
1964 Feb 25, Cassius Clay
(later Muhammad Ali) became world heavyweight boxing champion by
defeating Sonny Liston in Miami Beach.
(AP, 2/25/04)
1964 Feb 26, Lyndon B. Johnson
signed a tax bill with $11.5 billion in cuts. It was initially
proposed by Pres. Kennedy in Dec, 1962. It slashed the top marginal
income tax rate to 70% in 1965 from 91% in 1963.
(WSJ, 5/30/96, p.A14)(HN, 2/26/98)(WSJ, 12/12/03,
p.W15)
1964 Feb 27, "What Makes Sammy
Run?" opened at 84th St Theater in NYC for 540 performances.
(MC, 2/27/02)
1964 Feb 29, President Lyndon
B. Johnson revealed that the U.S. secretly developed the Lockheed
A-11 jet fighter.
(HN, 2/29/00)
1964 Feb, Yuri Nosenko
(1927-2008), Soviet KGB officer, defected under CIA guidance in
Geneva. He had begun passing information in June, 1962. He was
incarcerated for his first 3 years in the US and settled there under
a new name in 1969.
(Econ, 9/6/08,
p.101)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri_Nosenko)
1964 Feb - 1964 Mar, Hasbro
launched the G.I. Joe action figure debuted as a popular American
toy at the annual toy fair in NYC.
(SFC, 7/10/04, p.F11)(SFC, 2/7/14, p.A12)
1964 Mar 2, Beatles began
filming "A Hard Day's Night."
(SC, 3/2/02)
1964 Mar 4, Jimmy Hoffa was
convicted of jury tampering.
(SC, 3/4/02)
1964 Mar 8, Malcolm X left the
Black Muslim Movement. [see Mar 12]
(MC, 3/8/02)
1964 Mar 9, The US Supreme
Court, in its New York Times v. Sullivan decision, ruled that public
officials who charged libel could not recover damages for defamatory
statements related to their official duties unless they proved
actual malice on the part of the news organization.
(AP, 3/9/04)
1964 Mar 9, A group of 5 Lakota
(Sioux) Native Americans occupied Alcatraz Island in a peaceful
protest. They declared that it should be a Native American cultural
center and university.
(SFC, 5/19/96,City Guide, p.7)(G, Summer ‘97,
p.4)
1964 Mar 9, The first Ford
Mustang rolled off the Ford assembly line.
(HN, 3/9/98)
1964 Mar 12, Malcolm X resigned
from Nation of Islam. [see Mar 8]
(MC, 3/12/02)
1964 Mar 13, In a notorious
case, 38 residents of a neighborhood in the New York City borough of
Queens failed to respond to the cries of Kitty Genovese, 28, as she
was being stabbed to death.
(AP, 3/13/97)
1964 Mar 14, A jury in Dallas
found Jack Ruby guilty of murdering Lee Harvey Oswald, the accused
assassin of President Kennedy, the previous November.
(AP, 3/14/97)
1964 Mar 15, Actress Elizabeth
Taylor married actor Richard Burton in Montreal; it was her fifth
marriage, his second.
(AP, 3/15/97)
1964 Mar 15, LBJ asked for a
War on Poverty and for Congress to ensure everybody's right to vote.
[see Mar 16]
(MC, 3/15/02)
1964 Mar 15, Cambodia was
receiving military aid from Communist China.
(HN, 3/15/98)
1964 Mar 16, LBJ submitted a
$1billion war on poverty program to Congress. [see Mar 15]
(HN, 3/16/98)
1964 Mar 18, Norbert Wiener
(b.1894), American mathematician and considered to be the father of
cybernetics, died in Stockholm, Sweden.
(Econ, 6/16/12,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norbert_Wiener)
1964 Mar 21, Beatles' "She
Loves You," single went #1 and stayed #1 for 2 weeks.
(MC, 3/21/02)
1964 Mar 23, The UNCTAD 1 world
conference opened in Geneva.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1964 Mar 23, Peter Lorre (59),
actor (Casino Royale), died.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1964 Mar 24, Kennedy
half-dollar was issued.
(MC, 3/24/02)
1964 Mar 25, Egypt ended a
state of siege (1952-64).
(MC, 3/25/02)
1964 Mar 26, The Broadway hit
musical "Funny Girl" premiered with Barbara Streisand as singer
Fanny Brice. Jule Styne and Bob Merrill produced the show, which ran
at Winter Garden Theater in NYC for 1,348 performances
(AP, 3/26/97)(SS, 3/26/02)(SSFC, 1/18/04, p.A1)
1964 Mar 26, Pres. Johnson
signed a document that accepted "pre-delegation authority." It
authorized senior military commanders to use nuclear weapons if the
US was attacked by nuclear weapons and the president could not be
reached. It continued a policy begun by Eisenhower in 1957.
(SFC, 3/21/98, p.A2)
1964 Mar 27, Great Train
Robbers were sentenced to a total of 307 years behind bars.
(MC, 3/27/02)
1964 Mar 27-1964 Mar 28, Good
Friday, Valdez, Alaska, in Prince William Sound was rocked by an 8.6
earthquake, the largest ever recorded in North America. In 1977
seismologists pegged the quake at 9.2. It lasted 4 minutes and was
followed by tsunamis and fires and 131 people were killed. Survivors
moved 4 miles west to solid bedrock and rebuilt the town. Much of
Crescent City, Ca., was demolished by a resulting tsunami and 11
people were killed.
(AP, 3/27/97)(SFEC, 2/8/98, p.T5)(SFEC, 4/5/98,
Z1 p.8)(SFEC, 10/17/99, p.A3)(SFC, 11/26/99, p.C21)(WSJ, 9/13/01,
p.B11)(SFC, 2/15/02, p.G8)(AP, 3/11/11)
1964 Mar 27, In a cable to the
US State Department Lincoln Gordon, US ambassador to Brazil,
requested a naval task force and deliveries of fuel and arms to the
coup plotters "to help avert a major disaster here." US documents
declassified in 2004 showed the extent of American willingness to
provide aid to Brazil's generals during a coup that ushered in 21
years of often bloody military rule.
(AP, 4/3/04)
1964 Mar 28, First pirate radio
station began to broadcast off the coast of England. Radio Caroline
debuted with a combination of rock music and lively disk jockey
who's patter played to a huge audience in Great Britain. British
authorities, tried unsuccessfully, to shut down the radio station
ship. Radio Caroline had become competition to the staid and usually
dull British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). [see Dec 23]
(MC, 3/28/02)
1964 Mar 29, The U.S. planned
to add $50 million a year for aid to South Vietnam.
(HN, 3/29/98)
1964 Mar 30, Tracy Chapman, US
singer, songwriter (Freedom Now, I Got a Fast Car), was born.
(MC, 3/30/02)
1964 Mar 30 John Glenn withdrew
from the Ohio race for U.S. Senate because of injuries suffered in a
fall.
(AP, 3/30/97)
1964 Mar 30, The original
version of the TV game show "Jeopardy!" premiered on NBC. Merv
Griffin (1925-2007) created the TV game show “Jeopardy.” He sold the
rights for the show to Coca-Cola for $250 million in 1986. The show
was hosted by Art Fleming until 1975. It resurfaced in syndication
in 1984 with Alex Trebek as host.
(SFC, 8/13/07, p.A1)(WSJ, 8/15/07, p.D12)(AP,
3/30/08)
1964 Mar 31, In Brazil a coup
was put in motion and was over by April 4, when Pres. Goulart fled
to exile in Uruguay. The entire episode was bloodless.
(AP, 4/3/04)
1964 Mar, George E. Reedy
(d.1999) replaced Pierre Salinger as press secretary to Pres.
Johnson. Reedy published a memoir on Johnson in 1982.
(SFC, 3/22/99, p.22)
1964 Spring, Heavy flooding hit
along the valley of the Ohio River.
(IS, 3/6/97, p.A12)
1964 Apr 2, A military coup in
Brazil by Gen. Humberto Castello Branco ousted Pres. Joao Goulart
and altered the traditional power structure. Gen'l. Golbery do Couto
e Silva was a leader in the coup. Business interests led by Jorge
Oscar de Mello Flores (d.2000 at 88) supported the military coup.
(WSJ, 12/4/95, p.A-9)(WSJ, 7/7/99, p.A17)(SFC,
8/3/00, p.D2)(MC, 4/2/02)
1964 Apr 5, Army Gen. Douglas
MacArthur (b.1880) died in Washington, D.C. In 1978 William
Manchester authored: "American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur." In 2006
Robert Harvey authored “American Shogun: A Tale of Two Cultures,”
which includes a biography of Japan’s Emp. Hirohito in parallel with
MacArthur.
(AP, 4/5/97)(BS, 5/3/98, p.13E)(WSJ, 8/3/06,
p.D5)
1964 Apr 5, 1st driverless
trains ran on the London Underground.
(MC, 4/5/02)
1964 Apr 7, IBM introduced its
innovative System/360, the company's first line of compatible
mainframe computers that gave customers the option of upgrading from
lower-cost models to more powerful, expensive ones.
(AP, 4/7/04)
1964 Apr 11, The Bangladesh
Observer (East Pakistan) reported that as many as 500 people
may have died as a tornado destroyed villages in the Narail and
Magura regions of Jessore.
(www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/bangladesh.htm)
1964 Apr 13, Sidney Poitier
became the first black performer in a leading role to win an Academy
Award Oscar for best actor for the movie "Lilies of the Field." In
the 36th Academy Awards "Tom Jones," Sidney Poitier & Patricia
Neal won.
(AP, 4/13/97)(HN, 4/13/98)(MC, 4/13/02)
1964 Apr 13, Ian D. Smith
became premier of Rhodesia. Smith was Premier of the British Colony
of Southern Rhodesia (13 Apr 1964 - 11 Nov 1965) and Prime Minister
of the Republic of Rhodesia (11 Nov 1965 - 1 Jun 1979).
(SFC, 5/15/00, p.A14)(MC, 4/13/02)
1964 Apr 14, Rachel L. Carson
(56), American biologist, author (Silent spring), died. She raised
public awareness of environmental pollution and ecological issues
with a number of best-selling books--notably Silent Spring (1962).
In 1997 Linda Gear wrote the biography: "Rachel Carson: Witness for
Nature." In 2012 William Souder authored “On a Farther Shore: The
Life and Legacy of Rachel Carson.”
(SFEC, 9/14/97, BR p.3)(HNQ, 4//01)(SSFC, 9/2/12,
p.F4)
1964 Apr 15, Chesapeake Bay
Bridge opened as the world's longest bridge.
(MC, 4/15/02)
1964 Apr 17, Ford Motor Company
unveiled its new Mustang model at the New York World’s Fair. The
base price was $2,368. Donald Frey (d.2010 at 86), spearheaded the
design and development of the car. Industry experts in 1996 picked
the 1964 Mustang as the number 1 favorite car.
(AP, 4/17/97)(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)(SFC,
3/30/10, p.C3)
1964 Apr 17, Jerrie Mock of
Columbus, Ohio, became the first woman to complete a solo airplane
flight around the world.
(AP, 4/17/97)(HN, 4/17/98)
1964 Apr 18, Ben Hecht (71),
playwright (Child of the Century), died.
(MC, 4/18/02)
1964 Apr 19, There was a
rightist coup in Laos. Suvanna Phuma remained premier.
(MC, 4/19/02)
1964 Apr 20, August Sander
(b.1876), German photographer, died. He attempted to make a complete
portrait survey of 20th century German society. His “Face of Our
Time,” a volume of 60 photographs, was published in 1929.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Sander)(WSJ,
6/3/04, p.D8)(Econ, 8/29/09, p.74)
1964 Apr 22, President Johnson
opened the 1964-1965 New York World's Fair in Queens. It featured
the futuristic Unisphere and a house made of formica. Ken Kesey and
14 Merry Pranksters drove to the fair in a 1939 bus with Neal
Cassidy driving. The trip immortalized in "The Electric Kool-Aid
Acid Test" by Tom Wolfe in 1968.
(TMC, 1994, p.1964)(AP, 4/22/97)(SFEM, 2/22/98,
p.34)(WSJ, 1/22/99, p.W10)(SFC, 1/21/14, p.A1)
1964 Apr 22, The islands of
Zanzibar and Pemba joined the former British colony of Tanganyika to
form the republic of Tanzania. Zanzibar consists of the Pemba and
Unguja islands. It has its own president and legislation but also
votes in the Tanzanian presidential and National Assembly elections.
(WSJ, 12/13/96, p.A1)(WUD, 1994, p.1453)(SFC,
11/7/00, p.B2)(MC, 4/22/02)
1964 Apr 23, Houston Colt 45s
Ken Johnson became the 1st major league pitcher to lose a 9 inning
no-hitter, Reds win 1-0.
(MC, 4/23/02)
1964 Apr 26, Popular music of
the day included: "Can’t Buy Me Love" by The Beatles; "Twist and
Shout" by The Beatles; Do You Want to Know a Secret" by The Beatles;
and "Understand Your Man" by Johnny Cash.
(440 Int’l. Internet, 4/26/97, p.1)
1964 Apr 26, The Boston Celtics
won an unprecedented 6th consecutive NBA championship. They ran the
string to 8 over the next 2 years.
(440 Int’l. Internet, 4/26/97, p.2)
1964 Apr, In San Francisco
demonstrators waged sit-ins at automobile showrooms and 226 were
arrested. The SF sit-ins spread to 50 major cities across the US. A
pact was reached between the NAACP and the Motor Car Dealer’s
Association to accelerate the hiring of Negroes.
(SFEM, 11/17/96, p.29)
1964 May 1, The 1st BASIC
program ran on a computer at Dartmouth.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1964 May 2, In Mississippi
Charles Moore (19) and Henry Dee (19) were beaten and killed by
local members of the Ku Klux Klan. Their mutilated bodies were later
found in the Mississippi River while federal authorities searched
for civil rights workers Goodman, Chaney and Schwerner. Charles
Marcus Edwards and James Ford Seale were arrested for the crime, but
neither was tried. In 2007 James Ford Seale (71) was arrested and
charged with two counts of kidnapping and one count of conspiracy to
commit kidnapping. In 2008 an appeals court ruled that the statue of
limitations had expired overturning Seale’s conviction.
(SFC, 7/15/05, p.A5)(AP, 1/25/07)(AP,
1/26/07)(www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26633038/)
1964 May 5, Separatists rioted
in Quebec.
(MC, 5/5/02)
1964 May 6, Joe Orton's
"Entertaining Mr. Sloan," premiered in London.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertaining_Mr_Sloane)
1964 May 7, A disturbed man
entered the cockpit of a Pacific Airlines flight and killed pilot
Ernie Clark (52). All 44 people aboard the Fairchild F-27A died as
the plane crashed in San Ramon, Ca.
(SFC, 10/9/09,
p.D12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Air_Lines_Flight_773)
1964 May 9, Khrushchev visited
Egypt.
(MC, 5/9/02)
1964 May 12, The reverse
osmosis process for turning seawater and waste-water into potable
stuff was patented in San Diego.
(Econ, 3/31/12,
p.42)(www.google.com/patents/US4062782)
1964 May 14, Soviet Premier
Nikita Khrushchev joined United Arab Republic President Gamel Abdel
Nasser in setting off charges, diverting the Nile River from the
site of the Aswan High Dam project.
(AP, 5/14/04)
1964 May 18, David Frost
interviewed Paul McCartney on the BBC.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1964 May 18, The US Supreme
Court ruled it unconstitutional to deprive naturalized citizens of
citizenship if they return to home country for more than 3 years.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1964 May 19, The State
Department announced the U.S. embassy in Moscow had been bugged. A
network of more than 40 microphones embedded in the walls had been
found.
(AP, 5/19/97)(DTnet, 5/19/97)
1964 May 21, The 1st
nuclear-powered lighthouse began operations in the Chesapeake Bay.
(MC, 5/21/02)
1964 May 22, Pres. Johnson
(LBJ) presented his “Great Society” speech at the Univ. of Mich.
(www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/speeches.hom/640522.asp)
1964 May 25, In the16th Emmy
Awards the winners included the Dick Van Dyke Show, Dick Van Dyke
& Mary Tyler Moore.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1964 May 25, Frank Gilroy's
"Subject is Roses" premiered in NYC.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1964 May 25, Ground was broken
for a new stadium in St Louis.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1964 May 25, Supreme Court
ruled that closing schools to avoid desegregation is
unconstitutional.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1964 May 25, Vasily Andreyevich
Zolotaryov (92), composer, died.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1964 May 27, "From Russia With
Love" premiered in US.
(MC, 5/27/02)
1964 May 27, Independent
India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, died. In 2003 Judith
M. Brown authored "Nehru: A Political Life."
(AP, 5/27/97)(Econ, 10/18/03, p.82)
1964 May 28, Palestine National
Congress formed the PLO in Jerusalem.
(MC, 5/28/02)
1964 May 28, John Finley
Williamson (76), conductor (Westminster Choir), died.
(MC, 5/28/02)
1964 May 30, Leo Szilard (66),
Hungarian-US nuclear physicist, died.
(MC, 5/30/02)
1964 May, Pres. Johnson told
his national security advisor McGeorge Bundy that he had strong
reservations about involvement in the Vietnam war: "It’s just the
biggest damned mess that I ever saw."
(SFC, 10/6/97, p.A2)
1964 May, Gertrude Kavesh Jones
(43) went missing in Mill Valley, Ca. Bruce Jones, her husband
(d.1987), reported her missing and soon showed up with a new wife
from Tahiti. In 2008 DNA testing identified her bones, found in a
shallow grave near her home.
(SFC, 4/10/08, p.B1)
1964 Jun 1, The Beatles
released the single "Sweet Georgia Brown"/"Take Out Some Insurance
On Me Baby."
(DTnet, 6/1/97)
1964 Jun 1, The Rolling Stones
arrived in the U.S. for the first time, landing at Kennedy Airport
in New York. Their first date was at a high school stadium in MA.
(DTnet, 6/1/97)
1964 Jun 1, Dolly Parton spent
her first day in Nashville in search of a record deal.
(DTnet, 6/1/97)
1964 Jun 2, Rolling Stones made
their 1st US concert tour debut in Lynn, Mass.
(SC, 6/2/02)
1964 Jun 8, The US Supreme
Court ruling in J.I. Case v. Borak allowed private citizens to sue
companies to ensure compliance with federal proxy-statement rules.
(WSJ, 1/14/08,
p.R2)(www.oyez.org/cases/1960-1969/1963/1963_402/)
1964 Jun 9, W. Maxwell Aitken
(85), Lord Beaverbrook, English Minister of Info, died.
(MC, 6/9/02)
1964 Jun 10, The U.S. Senate
voted to limit further debate on a proposed civil rights bill,
shutting off a filibuster by Southern states.
(AP, 6/10/97)
1964 Jun 12, In South Africa
Nelson Mandela, convicted of treason in the Rivonia Trial, was moved
into a jail cell on Robben Island. He stayed there until Apr 1982.
(SFC, 12/19/96, p.C1)(SFC, 7/6/02, p.A19(SFC,
12/6/13, p.A19)
1964 Jun 15, The last French
troops left Algeria.
(HN, 6/15/98)
1964 Jun 15, The Group of 77
(G-77) was established by 77 developing countries signatories of the
"Joint Declaration of the Seventy-Seven Countries" issued at the end
of the first session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development (UNCTAD) in Geneva.
(www.g77.org/main/main.htm)
1964 Jun 18, Georgio Morandi
(b.1890), reclusive Italian painter, died in Bologna.
(WSJ, 11/11/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Morandi)
1964 Jun 19, The Beatles
release the EP "Long Tall Sally."
(DTnet, 6/19/97)
1964 Jun 19, The Civil Rights
Act of 1964 survived an 83-day filibuster in the US Senate, and was
approved by a vote of 73-27. Pres. Johnson passed the Civil Rights
Act that guaranteed the vote for everyone and that prohibited
segregation in public places. Sex was added to Title VII of the
Civil Rights Act and outlawed discrimination on the basis of sex in
the labor market.
(TMC, 1994, p.1964)(LSA, Spg/97, p.19)(AP,
6/19/06)
1964 Jun 19, In SF publicist
Davey Rosenberg (1937-1986) persuaded waitress Carol Doda (b.1937)
to don a Rudi Gernreich topless bathing suit at the Condor Club. She
soon had her size-34 breast injected with silicon, and her bust came
to be known as Doda's "twin-44s" and "the new Twin Peaks of SF." Her
fame prompted the club to erect a neon sign with blinking nipples
that lasted to 1991.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Doda)(SFEC,
8/1/99, DB p.32)(SSFC, 9/11/11, DB p.46)
1964 Jun 20, General William
Westmoreland succeeded General Paul Harkins as head of the U.S.
forces in Vietnam.
(HN, 6/20/98)
1964 Jun 21, Three young civil
rights workers, Andrew Goodman 20, Michael Schwerner 24, and James
Chaney 21, disappeared near Meridian, Mississippi. Their car was
found burning late in the day. 40 days later their bodies were found
buried in an earthen dam near Philadelphia, Miss. 8 Klansman went to
prison on federal conspiracy charges but none served more than 6
years, and murder charges were never filed. The event inspired the
1988 film Mississippi Burning. In 2005 Edgar Ray Killen (80) was
arrested in Philadelphia, Miss., and convicted of manslaughter in
the abduction and killing of the 3 voter-registration volunteers. He
was sentenced to three 20-year terms. Billy Wayne Posey (73), a key
suspect in the killings, died in 2009.
(SFEC, 2/16/97, p.A12)(AP, 6/21/97)(HN,
6/21/01)(SFC, 6/22/05, p.A1)(WSJ, 6/24/05, p.A1)(SSFC, 8/16/09,
p.A9)
1964 Jun 23, Henry Cabot Lodge
resigned as the U.S. envoy to Vietnam and was succeeded by Maxwell
Taylor.
(HN, 6/23/98)
1964 Jun 24, The Federal Trade
Commission announced that starting in 1965, cigarette manufactures
will be required to include warnings on their packaging about the
harmful effects of smoking.
(HN, 6/24/98)
1964 Jun 25, President Lyndon
Johnson ordered 200 naval personnel to Mississippi to assist in
finding three missing civil rights workers.
(HN, 6/25/98)
1964 Jun 26, Beatles released
"A Hard Day's Night" album.
(MC, 6/26/02)
1964 Jun 28, Malcolm X founded
the Organization for Afro American Unity to seek independence for
blacks in the Western Hemisphere.
(HN, 6/28/98)
1964 Jun 29, Civil Rights Act
of 1964 was passed after 83-day filibuster in Senate. [see Jul 2]
(MC, 6/29/02)
1964 Jun, Some 700 young
Americans began descending on Mississippi to teach in “freedom
schools” and register black voters. In 2010 Bruce Watson authored
“Freedom Summer: The Savage Season that made Mississippi Burn and
Made America a Democracy.”
(Econ, 6/12/10, p.92)
1964 Jun, It was agreed that
the Federation of South Arabia (Aden-South Yemen) would gain
independence from Britain in 1968.
(www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/yemen.htm)
1964 The Summer Olympic games
were held in Tokyo, Japan.
(Jap. Enc., BLDM, p. 216)(StuAus, April '95,
p.95)(WSJ, 7/19/96, p.R6)
1964 Bob Hayes (d.2002 at 59),
sprinter, won gold medals at the Tokyo Olympics in the 100 meters
and 4x100 relay.
(WSJ, 9/20/02, p.A1)(NW, 9/30/02, p.15)
1964 Jul 2, Dave Parsons rocker
(Transvision Vamp, Sham 69-That's Life), was born.
(SC, 7/2/02)
1964 Jul 2, Celia Black
recorded Beatle's "Its For You" with McCartney on piano.
(SC, 7/2/02)
1964 Jul 2, President Johnson
signed into law a sweeping civil rights bill passed by Congress. It
guaranteed voting rights and equal access to public accommodations
and education.
(AP, 7/2/97)(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F5)
1964 Jul 2, Glenn "Fireball"
Roberts, biggest NASCAR money winner, died in crash.
(SC, 7/2/02)
1964 Jul 4, The
song "I Get Around" by the Beach Boys topped the charts and stayed
there for 2 weeks. Sales went on to exceed a million records.
(DataDragon)(Maggio, 98)(SFEC, 2/8/98, p.D8)
1964 Jul 6, Beatles' film "Hard
Day's Night" premiered in London.
(MC, 7/6/02)
1964 Jul 6, Malawi, a former
British protectorate and part of the Federation of Rhodesia and
Nyasaland, gained independence.
(WUD, 1994, p.867)
1964 Jul 10, The Four Tops
released "Baby I Need Your Loving" on the Motown label. In 1967
Johnny Rivers also recorded a hit version.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby_I_Need_Your_Loving)
1964 Jul 11, (Jun 11), Queen
Elizabeth ordered Beatles to her birthday party and they attended.
(MC, 7/11/02)
1964 Jul 14, The United States
sent 600 more troops to Vietnam.
(HN, 7/14/98)
1964 Jul 15, The Republican
National Convention was held at the Cow Palace in Daly City, Ca. It
elected Barry Goldwater as its presidential candidate. John
Chancellor was ejected from the convention for blocking an aisle
during a demonstration by the delegates. Here Goldwater proclaimed
"Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice."
(SFC, 7/13/96, p.A5)(WSJ, 8/5/96, p.A10)(AP,
7/15/97)
1964 Jul 16, In accepting the
Republican presidential nomination in San Francisco, Barry M.
Goldwater said "extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice" and
that "moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue."
(AP, 7/16/97)
1964 Jul 18, Riots erupted in
the African American communities of NYC and Rochester, NY. The NYC
race riot began in Harlem and spread to Bedford-Stuyvesant in
Brooklyn.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F5)(MC, 7/18/02)
1964 Jul 22, David Spade, an
American actor, comedian and television personality, was born in
Birmingham, Michigan. He first became famous in the 1990s as a cast
member on Saturday Night Live, and from 1997 until 2003 starred as
Dennis Finch on Just Shoot Me!.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Spade)
1964 Jul 24-27, A race riot
took place in Rochester, New York, and 4 people were killed.
(MC, 7/24/02)
1964 Jul 25, Beatles' "Hard
Day's Night, A," album went #1 and stayed #1 for 14 weeks.
(SC, 7/25/02)
1964 Jul 25, There was a race
riot in Rochester, NY.
(SC, 7/25/02)
1964 Jul 26, Teamsters
president Jimmy Hoffa and six others were convicted of fraud and
conspiracy in the handling of a union pension fund. During the trial
a man burst into the courtroom and shot Hoffa 3 times with an air
pistol before he [Hoffa?] managed to punch the gunman.
(AP, 7/26/97)(SFC, 5/16/98, p.A21)
1964 Jul 27, President Lyndon
Johnson sent an additional 5,000 advisers to South Vietnam.
(HN, 7/27/98)
1964 Jul 28, Ranger 7 was
launched toward the Moon. It sent back 4308 TV pictures.
(SC, 7/28/02)
1964 Jul 30, US Naval fired on
Hon Ngu and Hon Mo in North Vietnam.
(MC, 7/30/02)
1964 Jul 31, The American space
probe Ranger 7 transmitted pictures of the moon's surface.
(AP, 7/31/97)
1964 Aug 1, Beatles' "Hard
Day's Night" single went #1.
(MC, 8/1/02)
1964 Aug 1, Arthur Ashe became
the first African-American to play on the U.S. Davis Cup tennis
team.
(HN, 8/1/98)
1964 Aug 2, The Pentagon
reported the first of two attacks on U.S. destroyers by North
Vietnamese torpedo boats in the Gulf of Tonkin. U.S. destroyer
Maddox was reportedly attacked by North Vietnamese patrol boats.
Later evidence supported claims that the Tonkin Gulf incident was
deliberately provoked or was in reaction to American covert
operations.
(AP,
8/2/97)(www.usni.org/navalhistory/articles99/nhandrade.htm#tx17)
1964 Aug 2, There was a race
riot in Jersey City, NJ.
(MC, 8/2/02)
1964 Aug 3, Flannery O'Connor
(b.1925), novelist and short story writer, died in Georgia of lupus,
an incurable, autoimmune disease. In 2009 Brad Gooch authored
“Flannery: A Life of Flannery O’Connor.”
(www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-498)(Econ,
2/28/09, p.89)
1964 Aug 4, Pres. Johnson
ordered an immediate retaliation for the Aug 2 attack on the US
destroyer Maddox in the Gulf of Tonkin off North Vietnam.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F5)
1964 Aug 4, The destroyers
U.S.S. Maddox and Turner Joy allegedly exchanged fire with supposed
North Vietnamese patrol boats. At the time it was taken as evidence
that Hanoi was raising the stakes against the United States. The
destroyers were in effect shooting at false radar contacts. In 2005
it was reported that a secret 2001 report had concluded that the NSA
officers deliberately distorted the Aug 4 data to support the belief
that North Vietnamese ships attacked American destroyers 2 days
after a previous clash.
(www.usni.org/navalhistory/articles99/nhandrade.htm#tx17)(SFC,
10/31/05, p.A3)
1964 Aug 4, The bodies of
missing civil rights workers Michael H. Schwerner, Andrew Goodman
and James E. Chaney were found buried in an earthen dam in Nashoba
County, Mississippi. Schwerner and Goodman were Jewish-Americans
from Pelham and New York City respectively and Chaney was a Black
from Meridian, Mississippi. The three civil rights workers had
disappeared from Philadelphia, Mississippi, on June 21, 1964, not
long after they had been held for six hours in the Neshoba County,
Mississippi jail on charges of speeding. Their burned car was
discovered on June 23rd, prompting a search by the FBI for the
three young men. Their story became the basis for the movie
Mississippi Burning, starring Gene Hackman, Willem Defoe and Frances
McDormand in 1988. In 2005, on the forty-first anniversary of the
crime, Edgar Ray Killen (80) an ordained Baptist minister, was found
guilty of three counts of manslaughter.
(AP, 8/4/97)(WSJ, 1/16/98, p.A12)
1964 Aug 5, US began bombing
North Vietnam. Lt. Everett Alvarez Jr. was shot down and captured at
Ha Long Bay in Vietnam. Alvarez became the first naval aviator
captured by the North Vietnamese and spent eight-and-one-half years
in captivity. Alvarez later co-authored two books, writing of his
prisoner of war experiences in “Chained Eagle” and “Code Of
Conduct.”
(www.pownetwork.org/bios/a/a038.htm)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everett_Alvarez_Jr.)
1964 Aug 6, In Eastern Nevada a
bristlecone pine tree, Pinus longaeva, near Wheeler Peak was cut
down for scientific study of its age. The tree had been named
Prometheus (WPN-114) for its age which turned out to be about 4,900
years.
(SFEC, 8/23/98, Z1 p.1,4)
1964 Aug 7, Congress passed the
Gulf of Tonkin resolution, giving President Johnson broad powers in
dealing with reported North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. forces. It
allowed the president to use unlimited military force to prevent
attacks on U.S. forces. U.S. Senators Wayne Morse of Oregon and
Ernest Gruening of Alaska share the distinction of casting the only
votes against the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution on August 7, 1964. The
resolution supported President Lyndon Johnson's military actions
against North Vietnam in retaliation for its attack on a U.S. spy
ship in the Tonkin Gulf. The resolution passed in the House 414-0
and the Senate 88-2. The resolution, which amounted to a declaration
of war, was repealed by Congress on January 13, 1971.
(AP, 8/7/97)(HNQ, 6/24/98)(HN, 8/7/98)
1964 Aug 7, Turkey began an air
attack on Greek-Cypriots.
(MC, 8/7/02)
1964 Aug 8, Bob Dylan released
his 4th album "Another Side of Bob Dylan."
(SFC, 9/26/05,
C3)(www.ddg.com/LIS/glenn/DYLANWEB.HTM)
1964 Aug 11, Beatles' "A Hard
Days Night" opened in NYC.
(MC, 8/11/02)
1964 Aug 11, There was a race
riot in Paterson, NJ.
(MC, 8/11/02)
1964 Aug 12, Charles Ogle, land
investor, vanished after flying out of Oakland, Ca., en route to
Reno, Nevada.
(SFC, 9/10/07, p.A1)
1964 Aug 12, There was a race
riot in Elizabeth, NJ.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1964 Aug 12, Ian L. Fleming
(56), British spy, journalist, writer (James Bond), died. He had
recently sold a 51% share of the copyright of his books to Sir Jock
Campbell, who chaired the Booker Brothers. In 2000 Fleming’s heirs
bought back the copyright to the books.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Fleming)(Econ,
5/31/08, p.90)
1964 Aug 15, A race riot took
place in Dixmoor, a suburb of Chicago, Ill.
(MC, 8/15/02)
1964 Aug 18, South Africa was
banned from Olympic Games because of apartheid policies.
(MC, 8/18/02)
1964 Aug 19, The Beatles
performed a concert at the Cow Palace in Daly City, Ca. They
returned there for another concert in 1965.
(www.rarebeatles.com/photopg7/sf81964.htm)
1964 Aug 20, President Johnson
signed the Economic Opportunity Act, a nearly $1 billion
anti-poverty measure.
(AP, 8/20/07)
1964 Aug 25, Singapore
limited imports from Netherlands due to Indonesian aggression.
(chblue.com, 8/25/01)
1964 Aug 26, President Johnson
was nominated for a term of office in his own right at the
Democratic National Convention in Atlantic City, N.J.
(AP, 8/26/97)
1964 Aug 27, Gracie Allen,
comedian (Burns & Allen), died at 62.
(MC, 8/27/01)
1964 Aug 28, Race riots took
place in Philadelphia.
(MC, 8/28/01)
1964 Aug 29, "Funny Thing
Happened" closes at Alvin Theater NYC after 965 performances.
(MC, 8/29/01)
1964 Aug 29, Walt Disney’s
"Mary Poppins" released.
(MC, 8/29/01)
1964 Sep 2, Keanu Reeves, film
actor, was born. His films included Chain Reaction, Johnny Mnemonic,
Speed, Little Buddha, Bram Stoker’s Dracula, My Own Private Idaho,
Parenthood, Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure, Dangerous Liaisons.
(MC, 9/2/01)
1964 Sep 2, Indonesian
paratroopers landed in Malaysia.
(MC, 9/2/01)
1964 Sep 3, Pres. Johnson
signed the Wilderness Act and designated 9 million acres as an area
"where the Earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man,
where man himself is a visitor who does not remain." It allowed for
roadless federal lands to qualify for wilderness protection. In 1999
the act sheltered over 100 million acres. Conservationists stopped a
dam in Echo Park in Dinosaur National Monument and persuaded
Congress to pass the Wilderness Act to provide permanent protection
to wilderness areas.
(NG, May 1985, p.669)(SFC, 8/6/93, p.C4)(SFEC,
8/29/99, Z1 p.6)
1964 Sep 3, US attorney general
Robert Kennedy resigned.
(MC, 9/3/01)
1964 Sep 9, John Osborne's
"Inadmissible Evidence," premiered in London.
(MC, 9/9/01)
1964 Sep 10, Palestinian
Liberation Army (PLA) formed.
(MC, 9/10/01)
1964 Sep 12, Typhoon Gloria
struck Taiwan killing 330, with $17.5 million damage.
(MC, 9/12/01)
1964 Sep 14, UC Berkeley
officials announced a new policy prohibiting political action at the
campus entrance at Bancroft Way and Telegraph.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F5)
1964 Sep 14, Pope Paul VI
opened the third session of the Second Ecumenical Council of the
Vatican, also known as Vatican Two.'' The session closed two months
later.
(AP, 9/14/06)
1964 Sep 14, Vasily Grossman
(b.1905), Ukraine-born journalist and writer, died, His work
included the novel “Life and Fate,” a chronicle of the Battle of
Stalingrad, which wasn’t published until 1980.
(WSJ, 5/5/07,
p.P16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_Grossman)
1964 Sep 16-1964 Oct 20, French
Pres. Charles de Gaulle visited South America with stops in
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina,
Paraguay, Uruguay and Brasil. He was the 1st head of state from
outside Latin America to visit Paraguay.
(http://gaullisme.free.fr/GEChronologie.htm)(Econ, 10/1/05, p.36)
1964 Sep 17, The situation
comedy "Bewitched" premiered on ABC-TV.
(AP, 9/17/99)
1964 Sep 18, U.S. destroyers
fired on hostile targets in Vietnam.
(HN, 9/18/98)
1964 Sep 18, Sean O'Casey,
Irish playwright (Playboy of Western World), died at 84.
(MC, 9/18/01)
1964 Sep 21, Malta became an
independent member of the British Commonwealth.
(AP, 9/21/97)(Econ, 7/14/07,
p.57)(www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5382.htm)
1964 Sep 22, The musical
"Fiddler on the Roof" opened at Imperial Theater on Broadway,
beginning a run of 3,242 performances.
(AP, 9/22/97)
1964 Sep 22, "Man from
U.N.C.L.E," premiered on NBC-TV.
(AP, 9/22/04)
1964 Sep 22, McGeorge Bundy,
the national security advisor, warned Pres. Johnson that a campaign
speech was open to a charge of deception. Johnson sought to portray
Goldwater as an extremist and claimed strict presidential control of
the nuclear arsenal.
(SFC, 9/2/98, p.A5)
1964 Sep 24, The TV situation
comedy "Munsters" premiered on CBS with Al Lewis (d.2006) as the
family patriarch.
(AP, 9/24/04)(SSFC, 2/5/06, p.A2)
1964 Sep 25, The TV show
“Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.” debuted with Jim Nabors as Gomer Pyle. The
show was directed by Aaron Ruben (1914-2010) and continued to run to
1969.
(SFC, 2/5/10,
p.C7)(www.imdb.com/title/tt0057752/)
1964 Sep 26, "Gilligan’s
Island," a TV tale of 7 castaways, began its 98-show run on
CBS. The show was created by Sherwood Schwartz (1916-2011).
(SFC, 5/5/03, p.B4)(SFC, 7/13/11,
p.C4)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilligan%27s_Island)
1964 Sep 27, The Warren
Commission, investigating the assassination of President John F.
Kennedy, announced that according to its findings Lee Harvey Oswald
acted alone as did Jack Ruby in the assassination. Later evidence
indicated a Mafia contract killing. In 1965 Harold Weisberg (d.2002)
authored "Whitewash: The Report on the Warren Report."
(WSJ, 5/17/95, p.A-18)(AP, 9/27/97)(HN,
9/27/98)(HC)(SFC, 2/25/02, p.B6)
1964 Sep 28, Harpo [Arthur]
Marx, comedian (Marx Bros), died at 75.
(MC, 9/28/01)
1964 Sep 30, Ingrid Thais,
historical and genealogical researcher, was born in New York.
(MC, 9/30/01)
1964 Sep, The Joint Chiefs of
Staff organized a was game called SIGMA II which attempted to
predict how Hanoi and the Viet Cong would react to the Johnson
policy of "graduated pressure." It predicted that escalation would
erode public support in the US.
(SFEC, 8/17/97, BR p.9)
1964 Oct 1, The Free Speech
Movement was launched at the University of California at Berkeley.
Mario Savio (1943-1996), UC Berkeley physics student, began the Free
Speech Movement to fight prohibitions against students distributing
political brochures and other materials such as civil rights. The
incident began when police arrested Jack Weinberg for setting up an
unauthorized table in Sproul Plaza. Students surrounded the police
car in a standoff that lasted 32 hours. In 1998 a Free Speech
Movement Cafe was planned. In 2002 Robert Cohen and Reginald E.
Zelnik edited "The Free Speech Movement: Reflections on Berkeley in
the 1960s."
(SFC, 11/6/96, p.B2)(AP, 10/1/97)(SFC, 4/30/98,
p.A18)(SSFC, 12/29/02, p.M5)
1964 Oct 1, Ernst Toch
(b.1887), Vienna-born composer, died in Los Angeles. He authored
“The Shaping Forces in Music.” His last stage work “The Last Tale”
(1962), was adapted from the well-known plot of One Thousand and One
Nights (Arabian Nights).
(www.operaworld.com/special/lasttale.shtml)
1964 Oct 1, Japan’s Shinkansen
Bullet Train began operation between Tokyo and Osaka.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%8Dkaid%C5%8D_Shinkansen)(SFEC,
10/1/00, p.T5)
1964 Oct 2, Scientists
announced findings that smoking can cause cancer.
(HN, 10/2/98)
1964 Oct 3-1964 Oct 4, East
Berliners dug a 470-foot tunnel, Tunnel 57, to the West and 57
people escaped.
(SFEC, 6/20/99, p.T5)(SSFC, 6/24/01, p.A27)
1964 Oct 5, Egon Shultz, an
East German border soldier, was shot to death at the site of the
escape tunnel. A 1994 report said he was inadvertently killed by
another border soldier.
(SSFC, 6/24/01, p.A27)
1964 Oct 6, Richard Scheibe,
German sculptor (Adler mit Hakenkreuz), died at 85.
(MC, 10/6/01)
1964 Oct 12, Mary Meyer, lover
to John F. Kennedy up to his assassination, was brutally murdered on
a walking path by the Potomac River. Her story is told in a 1996
book by John Davis "JFK and Mary Pinchot Meyer: A Tale of Two
Murdered Lovers." In 1998 Nina Burleigh authored "A Very Private
Woman: The Life and Unsolved Murder of Presidential Mistress Mary
Meyer.
(SFC, 6/12/96, p.E2)(SFEC, 12/13/98, BR p.4)
1964 Oct 12, The Soviet Union
launched a Voskhod space capsule with a three-man crew on the first
manned mission involving more than one crew member. Spaceship
designer Konstantin Feoktistov (1926-2009), the only non-Communist
space traveler in the history of the Soviet space program, traveled
aboard the Voskhod as part of the first group space flight in
history.
(AP, 10/12/97)(AP, 11/22/09)
1964 Oct 14, Civil rights
leader Rev. Martin Luther King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for
advocating a policy of non-violence.
(SFC, 10/3/96, p.C6)(AP, 10/14/97)(HN, 10/14/98)
1964 Oct 14, Philips began
experimenting with color TV.
(MC, 10/14/01)
1964 Oct 15, St. Louis
Cardinals in their home park beat the New York Yankees in game 7 of
Baseball’s World Series (7-5). In 1994 David Halberstam authored
“October 1964,” an account centered on the series.
(www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/yr1964ws.shtml)(WSJ,
9/24/05, p.P12)
1964 Oct 15, Cole Porter (73),
renowned lyricist and composer, died. His work included "Still of
the Night," "I've Got You Under My Skin," and hundreds of other
classics. Cole Porter music crossed all musical style and format
boundaries throughout his long and rich career.
(MC, 10/15/01)
1964 Oct 15, It was announced
that Soviet leader Nikita S. Khrushchev had been removed from
office. He was succeeded as premier by Alexei N. Kosygin and as
Communist Party secretary by Leonid I. Brezhnev.
(TMC, 1994, p.1964)(AP, 10/15/97)
1964 Oct 16, The New York
Yankees fired manager Yogi Berra one day after their World Series
loss to the St. Louis Cardinals.
(http://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/yr1964ws.shtml)
1964 Oct 16, Harold Wilson of
the Labor Party assumed office as prime minister of Great Britain,
succeeding Conservative Sir Alec Douglas-Home. Wilson’s Labor
government took over from Harold MacMillan’s Conservatives.
(AP, 10/16/99)(WSJ, 7/26/00, p.A26)
1964 Oct 16, Red China
detonated its first atomic bomb, codenamed "596," on the Lop Nur
Test Ground, and became the world's 4th nuclear power.
(TMC, 1994, p.1964)(AP, 10/16/07)
1964 Oct 20, Herbert Hoover
(b.1874), the 31st president of the United States (1929-1933),
died in New York at age 90.
(AP, 10/20/97)(AH, 12/02, p.20)
1964 Oct 21, The movie musical
"My Fair Lady," starring Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison, had its
world premiere at the Criterion Theater in NYC.
(AP, 10/21/04)
1964 Oct 22, Jean Paul Sartre
(1905-1980), French philosopher and novelist, declined the Nobel
Prize for Literature.
(WUD, 1994 p.1269)(HN, 10/22/00)
1964 Oct 22, EMI rejected an
audition by "High Numbers," a group that went on to become "The
Who."
(MC, 10/22/01)
1964 Oct 24, Belgian
paratroopers liberated 1,000 white hostages in Stanleyville
(Kisangani, Congo).
(MC, 10/24/01)
1964 Oct 24, Zambia (N.
Rhodesia) gained independence from Britain (National Day).
Pres. Kenneth Kaunda and his National Independence Party ran the
country until 1991. The country had fewer than 100 university
graduates.
(SFC, 7/1/97,
p.A9)(www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2359.htm)(Econ, 9/17/11, p.48)
1964 Oct 27, Singers Sonny and
Cher wed. Cher wore bell-bottoms.
(MC, 10/27/01)
1964 Oct 27, Congo rebel leader
Christopher Gbenye held 60 Americans and 800 Belgians.
(MC, 10/27/01)
1964 Oct 29, Thieves made off
with the 565-carat Star of India and the 100-carat DeLong ruby along
with other gems and jewels from the American Museum of Natural
History in New York. The Star and most of the other gems were
recovered; three men were convicted of stealing them.
(AP, 10/29/97)(HN, 10/29/98)
1964 Oct, The 547-foot USS
Horne, built at the Hunter’s Point naval shipyard in SF, was
launched. It was named after Adm. Frederick J. Horne (d.1959), who
played a major role in directing the Navy’s efforts in WW II. It was
decommissioned in 1994. In 2008 it was scheduled to be sunk in the
Pacific following target practice.
(SFC, 6/26/08, p.B1)
1964 Oct, In Sudan the
so-called October Revolution centered around a general strike that
spread throughout the country. Strike leaders identified themselves
as the National Front for Professionals.
(http://countrystudies.us/sudan/22.htm)
1964 Nov 1, The Vietcong
assaulted the Bien Hoa airport at Saigon, South Vietnam.
(MC, 11/1/01)
1964 Nov 2, Faisal ibn Abdul
Aziz Al Saud succeeded his older brother Saud bin Abdul Aziz as king
of Saudi Arabia.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia)
1964 Nov 3, President Johnson
soundly defeated Republican challenger Barry Goldwater to win a
White House term as the 36th president. Johnson won over 61% of the
vote with 486 electoral votes to Goldwater’s 52.
(AP, 11/3/97)(SFC, 5/30/98, p.A3)(HN, 11/3/98)
1964 Nov 3, Robert Kennedy was
elected senator from New York.
(HN, 11/3/98)
1964 Nov 3, Philadelphia voters
approved $25 million to build a new sports stadium.
(MC, 11/3/01)
1964 Nov 4, Lenny Bruce
(d.1966), stand up comic, was arrested in NYC at the Cafe au Go Go
on obscenity charges for his "bad language." In 2003 Gov. George
Pataki granted Bruce a posthumous pardon.
(WSJ, 5/29/03, p.D8)(SFC, 12/24/03, p.A1)
1964 Nov 5, The Mariner 3 was
launched. It failed to reach a trajectory around Mars and ended up
in distant orbit around the sun.
(SFC, 12/8/99, p.A19)
1964 Nov 10, Australia began a
draft to fulfill its commitment in Vietnam.
(HN, 11/10/98)
1964 Nov 11, Murray Schisgal's
"Luv," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 11/11/01)
1964 Nov 13, Pope Paul VI gave
a tiara to the poor.
(MC, 11/13/01)
1964 Nov 14, "Oliver!" closed
at Imperial Theater NYC after 774 performances.
(MC, 11/14/01)
1964 Nov 14, The U.S. First
Cavalry Division battled with the North Vietnamese Army in the Ia
Drang Valley, the first ground combat for American troops.
(HN, 11/14/98)
1964 Nov 16, Albert Hay Malotte
(69), composer, died.
(MC, 11/16/01)
1964 Nov 18, FBI Director J.
Edgar Hoover described civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. as
"the most notorious liar in the country" for accusing FBI agents in
Georgia of failing to act on complaints filed by blacks.
(AP, 11/18/04)
1964 Nov 21, The upper level of
New York's Verrazano Narrows Bridge, which connected Brooklyn and
Staten Island, was opened. Designed by Swiss émigré Othmar Ammann,
it was the world's longest suspension bridge at the time. It was.
(AP, 11/21/07)(WSJ, 6/5/03, p.D8)
1964 Nov 23, "Bajour" opened at
the Shubert Theater, NYC, for 232 performances.
(MC, 11/23/01)
1964 Nov 23, Vatican abolished
Latin as the official language of Roman Catholic liturgy.
(MC, 11/23/01)
1964 Nov 24, Residents of Wash
DC were permitted to vote for the 1st time since 1800.
(MC, 11/24/01)
1964 Nov 25, Eleven nations
gave a total of $3 billion to rescue the value of the British
currency.
(HN, 11/25/98)
1964 Nov 28, Willie Nelson made
his debut performance at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1964 Nov 28, "Leader Of The
Pack" by The Shangri-Las peaked at #1 on the pop singles chart; it
was parodied into "Leader Of The Laundromat" by The Detergents.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1964 Nov 28, "You Really Got
Me" by The Kinks peaked at #7 on the pop singles chart.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1964 Nov 28, "Ask Me" by Elvis
Presley peaked at #12 on the pop singles chart.
(DTnet, 11/28/97)
1964 Nov 28, The US Mariner IV
space probe was launched from Cape Kennedy on a course to Mars. It
later flew by Mars in Jul 1965 and saw craters but no canals.
(SFEC, 9/28/97, p.A14)(AP, 11/28/97)
1964 Nov 29, The US Roman
Catholic Church instituted sweeping changes in the liturgy,
including the use of English instead of Latin. [see Nov 23]
(AP, 11/29/04)
1964 Nov 30, The Russian ZOND 2
Flyby lost contact enroute to Mars.
(SFC, 11/19/96, p.B1)
1964 Nov, The US HONETOL
committee was formed to look into the question of a mole in the CIA,
based on information from Soviet defector Anatoly Golitsin. It was
in existence to April 1965, and consisted of James Jesus Angleton,
Newton S. Miler and Bruce Solie from the CIA's Office of Security,
FBI domestic intelligence chief William C. Sullivan, FBI CIA liaison
Sam Papich and two others. The investigations damaged many careers
including that of case officer Richard Kovich (1926-2006). In 1992
David Wise authored “Molehunt: The Secret Search for Traitors that
Shattered the CIA.”
(http://tinyurl.com/lqo6j)(SFC, 2/27/06, p.B5)
1964 Dec 1, M.L. King spoke to
J. Edgar Hoover about his slander campaign.
(MC, 12/1/01)
1964 Dec 2, Mario Savio made a
speech on behalf of the Free Speech Movement that caused hundreds of
students to take over Sproul Hall in Berkeley. Gov. Pat Brown
ordered police to arrest students occupying Sproul Hall. Police
moved in the next day and arrested 780, which prompted a student
strike. "There comes a time when the operation of the machine
becomes so odious, makes you so sick at heart, that you can’t take
part, you can’t even passively take part. And you’ve got to put your
bodies on the gears, and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all
the apparatus, and you’ve go to make it stop."
(SFC, 12/3/97, p.A21)(SSFM, 4/29/01, p.13)(SSFC,
6/9/02, p.F5)
1964 Dec 2, Brazil sent Juan
Peron back to Spain, foiling his efforts to return to his native
land.
(HN, 12/2/98)
1964 Dec 3, "Rudolph The
Red-Nosed Reindeer" 1st aired on TV.
(MC, 12/3/01)
1964 Dec 3, Police arrested 824
students at the University of California at Berkeley, one day after
the students stormed the administration building and staged a
massive sit-in as part of the Free Speech Movement. It was the
largest mass arrest in US history.
(AP, 12/3/98)(SSFC, 12/29/02, p.M5)
1964 Dec 4, Some 10,000 people
attended a protest rally at Sproul Hall, UC Berkeley, and speakers
included Willie Brown and John Burton.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F4)
1964 Dec 7, UC Pres. Clark Kerr
held an unprecedented campus-wide meeting at the Greek Theater
to propose a compromise that fell short of campus free speech
demands.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F4)
1964 Dec 8, The UC Academic
Senate passed resolutions that affirmed the rights of students to
participate in political activity.
(SFC, 11/7/96, p.A15)
1964 Dec 9, Dame Edith Sitwell
(d.1964), English poet, died. "Good taste is the worst vice ever
invented." A book of her collected poems was published in 2006. In
2011 Richard Greene authored “Edith Sitwell: Avant Garde Poet,
English Genius.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Sitwell)(WSJ,
7/22/06, p.P10)(Econ, 2/19/11, p.94)
1964 Dec 10, Dr. Martin Luther
King Jr. received the Nobel Peace Prize during ceremonies in Oslo,
Norway.
(AP, 12/10/97)
1964 Dec 11, Frank Sinatra Jr.
was returned to his parents home after being kidnapped for the
ransom amount of $240,000.
(HN, 12/11/98)
1964 Dec 12, Kenya formally
became a republic. Its population at this time was about 8 million.
(SFC, 9/4/97, p.A10)(HN, 12/12/98)(Econ, 1/26/13,
p.45)
1964 Dec 12, Three Buddhist
leaders began a hunger strike to protest the government in Saigon,
South Vietnam.
(HN, 12/12/98)
1964 Dec 13, In El Paso, Texas,
President Johnson and Mexican President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz set off
an explosion that diverted the Rio Grande, reshaping the
U.S.-Mexican border and ending a century-old dispute.
(AP, 12/13/04)
1964 Dec 15, Canada's House of
Commons approved dropping the "Red Ensign" flag in favor of a new
design.
(AP, 12/15/97)
1964 Dec 18, The UC Regents
affirmed that university rules should follow the US Supreme Court
decisions on free speech.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F4)
1964 Dec 21, Britain’s House of
Commons voted to ban the death penalty. Parliament voted to abolish
the death penalty. The vote was in part due to the country’s unease
over the 1953 Bentley hanging
(SFC, 7/31/98, p.A16) (HN, 12/21/98)
1964 Dec 23, India and Ceylon
were hit by a cyclone and 4,850 were killed.
(MC, 12/23/01)
1964 Dec 23, Rock 'n' Roll
Radio- in the guise of Pirate Radio- came to England where one had
to listen to the BBC or nothing at all. Pirate Radio was a gallant
effort to broadcast commercial radio, which was illegal in Great
Britain at that time.
(MC, 12/23/01)
1964 Dec 24, The U.S.
headquarters in Saigon, South Vietnam, was hit by a bomb. Two
officers were killed.
(HN, 12/24/98)
1964 Dec 28, The principal
filming of "Dr Zhivago," began.
(MC, 12/28/01)
1964 Dec 30, Edward Albee's
"Tiny Alice," premiered in NYC.
(MC, 12/30/01)
1964 Dec 31, The DJIA ended at
874.1.
(Econ, 10/18/08, p.86)
1964 Dec 31, Syrian-based
al-Fatah guerrillas of Yasser Arafat launched their 1st raid on
Israel with the aim of provoking a retaliation and sparking an Arab
war against Israel. Fatah, a Palestinian movement for independence,
made the first terror attack on Israel and initiated the armed
struggle for a state.
(WSJ, 1/22/98, p.A1)(SFEC, 1/2/00, p.A24)(WSJ,
6/5/02, p.D7)
1964 Dec, Pres. Johnson
summoned UC Pres. Clark Kerr and said he wanted to name Kerr as Sec.
of Health, Education and Welfare. The FBI came back with a slanted
12-page report that including unsubstantiated damaging allegations.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F4)
1964 Francis Bacon painted his
triptych “Three Studies for a Portrait of Lucian Freud.” In 2011 the
work sold for $37 million at a London auction.
(SFC, 2/11/11, p.A2)(http://tinyurl.com/2b8c44m)
1964 Francis Bacon painted the
triptych "Three Figures in a Room."
(WSJ, 2/3/00, p.A24)
c1964 Willem de Kooning
(1904-1997), abstract artist, painted "Woman."
(SFC, 4/9/98, p.E1)
1964 Helen Frankenthaler
(b.1929) created her painting "Interior Landscape." She won a
National Medal of the Arts in 2002.
(SFC, 3/19/02, p.D6)
1964 Roy Lichtenstein created
his works "Good Morning Darling" and “Ohhh, Alright.” The 2nd sold
for $42.6 million in 2010.
(SFC, 1/16/99, p.E1)(Econ, 2/18/12, ILp.10)
1964 Robert Rauschenberg won
the grand prize at the Venice Biennale. This established him in the
art world with his idea that art is reality reshuffled.
(SFC, 8/20/98, p.E1)
1964 Carolee Schneeman
preformed "Meat Joy," an orgy-like work at New York's Judson
Memorial Church. Participants cavorted nude or nearly so in a human
pile with animal carcasses and blood.
(SFEC, 3/12/00, p.D5)
1964 Andy Warhol produced his
pop art "Brillo Boxes." It was later considered a pivotal example of
the turning point to post-historical art by Prof. Arthur C. Danto.
(SFEC, 2/23/97, BR p.9)
1964 Andy Warhol, made his
silkscreen "Orange Marilyn." It sold for $17.3 mil in 1998.
(SFC, 5/15/98, p.A3)
1964 Jasper Johns created his
painting "Souvenir."
(SFC, 12/4/00, p.B3)
1964 LeRoi Jones (1934-2014),
later known as Amiri Baraka, wrote his play "Dutchman." It won the
1964 Obie Award for best American play.
(SFEC, 5/30/99, DB p.37)(SFC, 1/10/14, p.D5)
1964 E. Digby Baltzell
(1916-1996) authored "Protestant Establishment: Aristocracy and
Caste in America," in which he chronicled the growth and decay of
WASP aristocracy. In the book’s tables he used the acronym WASP, for
white Anglo-Saxon Protestant.
(SFC, 8/20/96, p.A18)(WSJ, 10/18/07, p.D7)
1964 Helen Eileen Beardsley
(d.2000 at 70) authored "Who Gets the Drumstick." She and her
husband raised 20 children and her story was turned into the film
"Yours, Mine and Ours" starring Lucille Ball and Henry Fonda.
(SFC, 4/29/00, p.A26)
1964 Thomas Berger authored his
novel "Little Big Man" which later was made into a hit film.
(SFEC, 3/7/99, BR p.1)
1964 Dr. Mary S. Calderone
published "The Manual of Contraceptive Practices."
(SFC, 10/25/98, p.A15)
1964 Charlie Chaplin
(1889-1977) authored “My Autobiography.”
(ON, 2/08,
p.5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin)
1964 Fred J. Cook (1911-2003)
authored "The FBI Nobody Knows."
(SFC, 5/5/03, p.B4)
1964 Fred J. Cook (1911-2003)
authored "Goldwater: Extremist on the Right." The book led to a 1969
US Supreme court decision supporting the Fairness Doctrine, which
required radio and television stations to present balanced coverage
of controversial issues. In 1987 the Federal Communications
Commission voted 4-0 to rescind the Fairness Doctrine.
(AP, 8/4/97)(SFC, 5/5/03, p.B4)
1964 The children’s classic
"Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" by Roald Dahl was published. It
was illustrated by Joseph Schindelman. It was made into a film in
1971 under the title “Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory.”
Another film version was made in 2005.
(SFEC, 2/27/00, BR p.12)(Econ, 7/30/05, p.77)
1964 Robert Ettinger wrote "The
Prospect of Immortality." The book started a fascination with
cryonics.
(WSJ, 1/31/97, p.A1)
1964 "Harriet the Spy" by
Louise Fitzhugh was published.
(SFEC, 2/27/00, BR p.12)
1964 R.J. Forbes published
"Bitumen and Petroleum in Antiquity."
(AM, Mar/Apr 97 p.56)
1964 Ralph Ginzburg began
publishing the magazine Fact in NYC. It began with responses from a
questionnaire sent to 12,000 psychiatrists on the psychological
fitness of Barry Goldwater for the presidency of the US. Goldwater
sued for libel and won $1 in compensatory damages and $75,000 in
punitive damages.
(SFC, 7/7/06, p.B9)
1964 Leon A. Harris Jr.
(d.2000) authored "The fine Art of Political Wit," a history of
political humor since the 18th century.
(SFC, 9/2/00, p.A23)
1964 Richard Hofstadter
authored his classic essay “The Paranoid Style in American Politics”
in the wake of the Goldwater insurgency.
(Econ, 1/7/06, p.32)
1964 Richard Kauffman (d.1998
at 82) published his collection of photographs: "Wilderness" The
Sierra Nevada." It was edited by David Brower and featured words
from the work of John Muir.
(SFC, 9/23/98, p.C2)
1964 Ken Kesey (1935-2001)
authored "Sometimes a Great Notion."
(SSFC, 11/11/01, p.A1)(SSFC, 11/30/03, p.E1)
1964 "The Story of Captive
Lithuania" was published by the Lithuanian embassy in Washington and
published again in 1969.
(Dr, 7/96, V1#1, p.3)
1964 Eleanor Clark authored
“The Oysters of Locmariaquer,” a history of French oysters and
oystermen.
(WSJ, 3/10/06, p.W4)
1964 Stefan Lorant (1901-1997),
Hungarian-born filmmaker and writer, authored "Pittsburgh: the Story
of an American City." He wrote the book following a chance meeting
with Edgar Kaufman, the Pittsburgh department store mogul.
(SFC,11/19/97,
p.C5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Lorant)
1964 J.P. Martin (1879-1966),
English Methodist minister, published the 1st of his Uncle series of
children‘s books.
(Econ, 12/24/05,
p.113)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.P._Martin)
1964 "Understanding Media: The
Extensions of Man" by Marshall McLuhan was published. He wanted us
to understand that the medium through or by which a communication is
communicated affects the content and effect of the communication.
(V.D.-H.K.p.357)
1964 "The Pushcart War" by Jean
Merrill was published.
(SFEC, 2/27/00, BR p.12)
1964 Gilbert Millstein (d.1999
at 83) wrote the text for "New York: True North," a book of
photographs by Sam Falk, a photographer for the NY Times.
(SFC, 5/11/99, p.A19)
1964 R.K. Narayan (d.2001) of
India authored "Gods, Demons and Others." In it he retold stories
from Sanskrit and Tamil epics
(SFC, 5/14/01, p.B2)
1964 Poet Frank O’Hara wrote
his book "Lunch Poems."
(WSJ, 9/18/98, p.W8)
1964 Benjamin Quarles
(1904-1996), historian, published "The Negro in the Making of
America."
(SFC, 11/19/96, p.B2)
1964 Jack Raymond (1918-2007,
journalist, authored “Power At the Pentagon,” which described how
civilian and military leaders joined forces to make decisions.
Raymond was born in Poland as Israel Rosenblatt and came to the US
in 1921.
(SSFC, 7/29/07, p.B6)
1964 Jane Rule (1931-2007),
American-born Canadian writer, authored her novel, “Desert of the
Heart.” It later became recognized as a landmark work of lesbian
fiction.
(SFC, 12/10/07, p.C5)
1964 Alfred Pritchard Sloan Jr.
authored "My Life With General Motors."
(WSJ, 1//03, p.D8)
1964 "Nova Express" by William
Burroughs was published.
(SFEC, 8/3/97, p.B6)
1964 Louise Fitzhugh published
her children’s spy book "Harriet the Spy." It was later made into a
film.
(SFC, 2/28/97, p.D16)
1964 Robert Heinlein
(1907-1988), libertarian sci-fi writer, published "Farnham's
Freehold."
(SFEC, 12/27/98, BR
p.3)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein)
1964 Kenzabuto Oe, Japanese
novelist, published his novel "A Personal Matter." He won the Nobel
Prize in literature in 1994.
(SFEC, 2/23/96, BR p.9)
1964 Harvard Prof. Walter J.
Bate (d.1999 at 81) won a Pulitzer Prize for his 1963 biography of
John Keats.
(SFC, 7/27/99, p.A17)
1964 The musical "High Spirits"
was created based on the Noel Coward play "Blithe Spirit."
(SFC, 8/9/97, p.D1)
1964 Stephen Sondheim’s
musical, "Anyone Can Whistle," ran for 9 performances and was his
biggest failure.
(SFEC, 5/31/98, BR p.1)
1964 The Styne & Merrill
song "People" was a hit song from a Broadway musical.
(WSJ, 5/18/99, p.A24)
1964 The show "Hello Dolly" was
produced.
(WSJ, 8/12/98, p.A13)
1964 "The Addams Family" and
"The Munsters" began on TV and ran to 1966. David Levy (d.2000 at
87), An ABC executive, created the Addams Family.
(WSJ, 10/21/96, p.A18)(SFC, 2/2/00, p.A25)
1964 "The Bullwinkle Show"
began on NBC TV.
(SFEC, 5/24/98, DB p.38)
1964 Les Crane (1935-2008),
pioneer talk radio and TV host, hosted the “The Les Crane Show,” a
late night TV talk show on ABC that ran for 4 months.
(SFC, 7/17/08,
p.B5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Crane)
1964 Ronald Reagan hosted Death
Valley Days and appeared in some episodes through 1965. He also
starred in his last movie: "The Killers."
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.F5)
1964 The TV series “Valentine’s
Day” starred Anthony Franciosa as a NYC publishing executive. It
lasted just one season.
(SFC, 1/21/06, p.B5)
1964 Benjamin Britten composed
the chamber opera "Curlew River." The story was based on a Japanese
medieval play "Sumidagawa."
(SFC, 2/26/97, p.A16)(SFC, 8/7/98, p.C1)
1964 Edison Denisov
(1929-1996), Russian composer, composed the cantata "Sun of the
Incas."
(SFC, 11/27/96, p.B2)
1964 Glenn Gould, Canadian
concert pianist, abandoned public performances and devoted himself
to recording, writing and making documentaries.
(WSJ, 10/7/99, p.A28)
1964 The Guarneri String
Quartet was founded with violinists Arnold Steinhardt, John Dalley,
Michael Tree and cellist David Soyer.
(SFC,10/30/97, p.E5)
1964 Terry Riley, American
composer, wrote his work "In C." He had studied under the North
Indian vocal master Pandit Pran Nath (d.6/1996).
(WSJ,2/12/97, p.A14)
1964 Johnny Hathcock (d.2000 at
81) wrote the song "Welcome To My World." It became the theme song
for entertainer Eddy Arnold.
(SFC, 1/2/01, p.B4)
1964 The song "Devil with the
Blue Dress" was composed by W. Stevenson and F. Long and became a
hit for Mitch Rider and the Detroit Wheels.
(SI-WPC, 1997)
1964 The Dixie cups made a hit
with “Chapel of Love” written by Ellie Greenwich (1940-2009) in
collaboration with producer Phil Spector and her husband Jeff Barry.
(SFC, 8/28/09,
p.D5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapel_of_Love)
1964 The Four Seasons with lead
singer Frankie Valli had top hits with “Dawn” and “Rag Doll.”
(WSJ, 11/2/05, p.D12)
1964 Martha and the Vandellas
sang "Dancing in the Streets."
(SFC, 11/12/02, p.D1)
1964 Curtis Mayfield and the
Impressions had a hit with the song "Amen."
(SFC, 12/28/99, p.C1)
1964 Roy Orbison came out with
the song "Pretty Woman."
(SFC, 8/24/96, p.E3)
1964 The British duo Peter and
Gordon made a hit with the song “A World Without Love,” written by
Paul McCartney. The group broke up in 1968 after 9 top 20 records.
Gordon Waller died in 1964 at age 64.
(SFC, 7/24/09, p.D6)
1964 Lou Reed and John Cale
co-founded the music group Velvet Underground.
(SFEC, 1/26/97 Par,
p.2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Velvet_Underground)
1964 "Walk Don’t Run" by the
Ventures became a hit. The drummer was Mel Tyler (1934-1996).
(SFC, 8/14/96, p.D2)
1964 The British group Zombies
with guitarist Paul Atkinson (d.2004), made a hit with "She's Not
There."
(SFC, 4/7/04, p.B6)
1964 Beatle singer Paul
McCartney was "turned on to pot" by Bob Dylan.
(SFC, 9/27/97, p.E3)
1964 Kyu Sakamoto made a hit
with "Sukiyaki."
(SFC, 11/30/02, p.D1)
1964 Simon and Garfunkel made
their debut with "Wednesday Morning 3 AM."
(USAT, 3/24/99, p.5E)
1964 The Supremes sang "Where
Did Our Love Go," "Baby Love," and "Come See About Me."
(SFC, 11/12/02, p.D1)
1964 Mary Wells sang "My Guy."
(SFC, 11/12/02, p.D1)
1964 The Newport Jazz Festival
introduced Hamza El Din, the father of Nubian music, to Western
audiences.
(SFEC, 6/27/99, DB p.15)
1964 Founder Randy Sparks sold
his interest in The New Christy Minstrels singing group for $2.5
million. John Denver and Kenny Rogers were singers in the group.
Songs by the group included "Today," "Green, Green," and "Saturday
Night."
(SFEC, 9/26/99, DB p.36)
1964 The Academy of Country
Music was founded in Los Angeles.
(SFEC,10/19/97, Par p.2)
1964 Dr. Mary S. Calderone
(d.1998 at 94) helped found the Sex Information and Education Center
(SEICUS), whose goal was to foster the responsible use of the sexual
faculty. She held that children should be taught about sex at an
early age.
(SFC, 10/25/98, p.A15)
1964 William Vaughan Shaw
(d.1997 at 73), architect, and Ansel Adams, photographer, helped
start the Foundation for Environmental Design to promote
architecture that blended with the environment.
(SFC, 7/15/97, p.A18)
1964 The David & Lucille
Packard Foundation’s was formed. By 1998 the endowment was worth
about $9 billion.
(WSJ, 3/6/98, p.A1)
1964 Rocky Aoki founded the
Benihana restaurant chain in New York.
(USAT, 6/10/98, p.1B)
1964 Rudi Gernreich designed
his notorious topless bathing suit, dubbed the "monokini". The bold
design catapulted both Gernreich and Peggy Moffitt to stardom, as
Moffitt was one of the few models bold enough at the time to model
it, but never in public. Photographer William Claxton, Moffit’s
husband, maintained control of the pictures.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peggy_Moffitt)(SFC,
10/14/08, p.B5)
1964 Little Petroglyph and an
adjacent canyon in the Coso Mountains, northwest of the Mojave
Desert, was dedicated as a National Historic Landmark. Some of the
art has been dated to 12,000 before the present.
(PacDis, Summer ’97, p.8)
1964 In Maine Richard Paine
built his Seal Cove Auto Museum.
(SFC, 9/13/07, p.E3)
1964 Richard Petty won 27
NASCAR races driving a 426-horsepower Hemi-powered Charger.
(WSJ, 6/17/05, p.A10)
1964 The Winter Olympics were
held in Innsbruck, Austria.
(StuAus, April '95, p.95)(WSJ, 7/19/96, p.R6)
1964 Konrad Bloch (d.2000 at
88) and Feodor Lynen shared the Nobel Prize in medicine and
physiology for their work on cholesterol and fatty acids.
(SFC, 10/17/00, p.A28)
1964 Charles H. Townes of UC
Berkeley won the Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize for
work in quantum electronics with Nikolai Basov (d.2001 at 78) and
Alexander Prokhorov, Soviets who did parallel work.
(SFC, 10/10/96, p.A1)(SFC, 7/5/01, p.D2)
1964 Republican Henry Lodge won
the New Hampshire primary over Barry Goldwater 35.5 to 22.3%. Nelson
Rockefeller took 21% and Richard Nixon took 16.8%.
(SSFC, 1/25/04, p.A19)
1964 At the Democratic National
Convention the largely black Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
forced a split that helped drive conservative white Southerners out
of the party.
(WSJ, 8/5/96, p.A10)
1964 Pres. Johnson beat
Barry Goldwater by a large margin for the US presidency.
(TMC, 1994, p.1964)
1964 During the Vietnam War,
Douglas AC-47 gunships were known as "Spookies." Originally
nicknamed "Gooney Birds", the World War II-era plane was refitted
into a side-firing gunship in 1964. Though it was dubbed "Puff the
Magic Dragon" for its amazing firepower delivered to troops in
trouble, the AC-47 later became known as a "Spooky" which was its
call sign in-country.
(HNQ, 8/14/00)
1964 The US used an unmanned
aerial vehicle (UAV) called the Firebee, a small jet-powered drone,
for taking photographs over China. It was launched from another
plane and released a parachute upon return for pickup by a
helicopter. It was later used in the Vietnam war.
(Econ, 12/8/07, TQ p.23)
1964 Government Food Stamps was
made a permanent program.
(SFEC, 1/5/97, zone 1 p.5)
1964 The Economic Opportunity
Act opened the gates for Indian management of their own affairs.
(SFEC, 2/13/00, BR p.5)
1964 The Urban Mass Transit Act
of 1964 was passed and provided the 1st federal assistance to states
and localities for mass transit.
(SFC, 11/21/01, p.A25)
1964 The Post Office issued a
5-cent stamp in honor of naturalist John Muir.
(SFC, 1/8/98, p.A19)
1964 Bourbon was declared by
the US Congress to be the national spirit.
(Hem., Dec. '95, p.82)
1964 The US Congress passed the
Kuchel Act to stop the threat of homesteading on wetlands. It also
restricted the amount of row crops that could be grown on leased
farmlands within wetland refuges.
(SFEC,11/30/97, Z1 p.8)
1964 Senator Jennings Randolph
(d.1998 at 96) of West Virginia helped create the Appalachian
Regional Commission. The commission funneled millions of federal
dollars into 13 Appalachian states for public works and economic
development. It was supposed to expire in 1979.
(SFC, 5/9/98, p.A21)
1964 The State Dept.
established its Arts in Embassies Program (AIEP). Ambassadors were
allowed to select specific works of art for their embassies. The
only pre-requisite for the art was that the artist be a US citizen.
In 1986 the Friends of Art and Preservation in Embassies (FAPE) was
organized as a non-profit to assist the AIEP program in acquiring
art.
(WSJ, 8/27/98, p.A12)
1964 The FBI under Herbert
Hoover compiled a "highlight" recording, excerpts from hotel room
listening devices, of Martin Luther King’s romantic rendezvous. They
mailed it to him with a cover letter that read: "You are done, there
is but one way out for you." This became known as the "suicide
package." The story is covered in the 1998 book "Pillar of Fire" by
Taylor Branch. The 1986 book "Bearing the Cross" by David Garrow
quotes King as saying: "I’m away from home 25-27 days a month. F-’s
a form of anxiety reduction."
(SFEC, 1/25/98, BR p.1,8)
1964 The US navy began its
SeaLab experiments. SeaLab I was lowered off the coast of Bermuda to
see if divers could be sustained on a helium-oxygen mix. The trial
ended after 11 days. [see 1965, 1969]
(SFC, 3/29/02, p.A2)
1964 The diesel-powered
aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy was commissioned.
(AP, 8/5/05)
1964 George Hitchcock
(1914-2010), poet and playwright, founded the Kayak poetry magazine
in San Francisco. He continued publishing it until 1984 after 64
issues.
(SSFC, 9/5/10, p.C9)
1964 The Portsmouth Square
Parking Garage opened. It was run by a nonprofit organization
organized by Chinatown merchants and Harding Leong (d.1999 at 78).
Leong was also an instrumental leader in the On Lok Senior Health
service.
(SFEC, 4/18/99, p.D8)
1964 The new Grace Episcopal
Cathedral was dedicated with its new Ghiberti doors, cast from molds
of the original doors in Florence. It was completed under the
leadership of Bishop James Pike, who died a mysterious death in
Judea.
(SFEM, 8/9/98, p.24)(SFC, 7/15/99, p.A19)
1964 Work began on St. Mary’s
Cathedral at Gough and Geary.
(SFEM, 8/9/98, p.25)
1964 In San Francisco the
19-story Carillon Tower was built at 1100 Gough. Architect Donald
Powers Smith designed the rounded structure.
(SSFC, 5/29/11, p.D2)
1964 In SF members of the Bay
View Boat Club, founded in 1940 at Hunters Point, moved their
building from Innes Ave. by barge to the Mission Rock area, where
land was leased from the city.
(SFC, 10/7/05, p.B5)
1964 John Bryan (1934-2007)
quit the SF Chronicle and founded the Open City Press, San
Francisco’s 1st alternative paper.
(SSFC, 2/11/07, p.B7)
1964 Dr. Jerome M. Vaeth
(d.1998 at 73) was named the founding director of the Claire
Zellerbach Saroni Tumor Institute at Mt. Zion Hospital. For some 25
years he edited the textbook: "Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and
Oncology," based on a SF Cancer Symposium that he originated.
(SFC, 10/21/98, p.C3)
1964 The San Francisco Cross
City Race was renamed the Bay to Breakers race.
(SFC, 5/15/09, p.B1)
1964 California Gov. Pat Brown
appointed his brother Harold C. Brown (d.1998 at 90) to the
Municipal court Bench of SF. Justice Brown and Pat Brown formed the
SF Chapter of the Order of Cincinnatus, which had as its credo that
elected officials should promise no favors and that supporters would
seek no favors.
(SFC, 5/25/98, p.E3)
1964 George Moscone and Leo
McCarthy were elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors.
(SFEM, 11/17/96, p.25)
1964 Terry Francois was
appointed by Mayor Jack Shelley as the first black supervisor in San
Francisco. Francois was current Mayor Willie Brown’s former senior
law partner. He served to 1978.
(SFC, 5/17/96, p.A-25)(SFC, 10/23/00, p.A24)
1964 The SF Redevelopment
Agency announced a plan to turn the blocks south of Market St. along
Third and Fourth streets into what it calls Yerba Buena Center.
(SFC, 10/21/04, p.A15)
1964 Willie Brown began his
political career when he won his bid for the 18th Assembly District
(centered in the Fillmore district of San Francisco). His 1962
attempt was unsuccessful. His campaign workers included George
Moscone and Diane Feinstein.
(SFEC, 10/20/96, BR, p.6)(SFEM, 11/17/96, p.12)
1964 Rotea Gilford (d.1998 at
70) became the first black inspector in the SF Police Dept.
(SFC, 3/17/98, p.A20)
1964 Jean Jacobs established
Citizens for Juvenile Justice, a San Francisco organization that
transferred children from the juvenile justice system to social
service agencies. She had recently found a 3-year-old in an
isolation cell at juvenile hall.
(SFC, 10/19/99, p.A23)
1964 The cable cars of San
Francisco became a National Historic Landmark. The first cable car
bell ringing competition was held.
(SFC, 5/19/96,City Guide, p.17)(SFC, 7/19/96,
p.A14)
1964 SF signed a contract with
Viacom for cable TV service that was extended in 1980. In 1996 TCI
purchased Viacom which had cable rights through 2005.
(SFC, 2/4/97, p.A16)
1964 SF reported 61 killings
for the year.
(SFC,12/9/97, p.A18)
1964 In California the prison
gang Aryan Brotherhood was founded at San Quentin State Prison.
Members held the credo “kill or be killed.” In 2006 the US Justice
Dept. hoped to destroy the organization through capital
prosecutions. On July 28, 2006, 4 leaders were convicted for using
murder and intimidation to protect their drug-dealing operations
behind bars.
(SFC, 3/14/06, p.A1)(SFC, 7/29/06, p.A3)
1964 California decided to dam
Big Grizzly Creek in Plumas County which in 1966 created Lake Davis.
It was then stocked with trout. In 1994 Pike were discovered in Lake
Davis. Over the next 10 years some $15 million was spent in attempts
to eradicate the fish.
(SFCM, 7/11/04, p.10)(SFC, 9/26/07, p.A13)
1964 Sea World opened in San
Diego. Milton C. Shedd (d.2002), Ken Norris, David DeMott and George
Millay, fraternity brothers, developed the project with an initial
$1.5 million investment. Its history is described in the 1997 book:
"Spectacular Nature: Corporate Culture and the Sea World Experience"
by Susan G. Davis.
(SFC, 12/4/97, p.E5)(SFC, 5/28/02, p.A18)
1964 Oregon repealed the death
penalty for the 2nd time
(SFC, 9/6.96, p.A11)
1964 Joseph Valachi was the
first La Cosa Nostra member to publicly confirm that organized crime
existed. He talked under a new Witness Security Program before a
congressional committee. "The Valachi Papers" by Peter Maas (d.2001)
was written in 1969/1972.
(SFC, 6/9/96, p.A-10)(SFEC, 4/20/97, Par
p.7)(SFC, 8/24/01, p.D7)
1964 George Barrie, founder of
Caryl Richards hair care products, bought Faberge. He soon
introduced the Brut men’s cologne.
(SFC, 1/24/07, p.G7)
1964 Charmin began showing TV
commercials featuring actor Dick Wilson (1916-2007). He made famous
the phrase “Please, don’t squeeze the Charmin.” The ads ended in
1985.
(SFC, 11/20/07, p.A2)
1964 The Cracker Jack Co. was
purchased by Borden and sold to PepsiCo's Frito-Lay division in
1997.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cracker_Jack)
1964 Disney began to secretly
buy up land in central Florida.
(Sp., 5/96, p.64)
1964 The New York Times vs.
Sullivan Supreme Court decision made it more difficult for a public
figure to sue for libel.
(SFC, 7/14/96, p.C11)
1964 Supreme Court Justice
Potter Stewart coined the phrase "I know it when I see it" while
trying to define sexual obscenity.
(WSJ, 6/9/99, p.A1)
1964 CBS completed its $40
million headquarters in mid-Manhattan.
(SFC, 12/26/06, p.A2)
1964 Conrad Hilton sold the
international division of his hotel chain. From this point on Hilton
hotels outside of North America were run by the Hilton Group. In
1987 Ladbrokes, a firm of British bookmakers, purchased the Hilton
Group. In 2005 Hilton Hotels announced that it would buy the Hilton
Group from Ladbrokes for $5.7 billion.
(Econ, 1/7/06, p.58)(Econ, 1/7/06, p.58)
1964 Kentucky Colonel Harland
Sanders (1890-1980) sold his fried chicken business for $2 million
to private investors, who resold it in 1971 for $285 million to
Heublein. R.J. Reynolds acquired Heublein in 1982 and sold it to
PepsiCo in 1986.
(www.answers.com/topic/harland-sanders)
1964 Tennessee Coal, Iron and
Railroad Co. was a unit and then a division of US Steel until this
time when it and other units were merged into the parent company.
(WSJ, 5/28/96, R45)
1964 Studebaker produced its
first Avanti sports car.
(WSJ, 6/13/96, p.A12)
1964 The Ford Mustang and
Pontiac GTO ushered in the era of the muscle car. Industry experts
in 1996 picked the 1964 Mustang as the number 1 favorite car.
(WSJ, 6/19/96, Adv. Supl)
1964 Dr. Amar Bose founded his
acoustic speaker company. He introduced his first successful
speaker, the 901, four years later.
(WSJ, 12/31/96, p.1)
1964 Koji Kobayashi (1907-1996)
began serving as the president of NEC. In 1976 he became the
chairman until 1988. He pushed for separation from the Sumitomo Bank
and supported the United Nations Univ., based in Tokyo. He was also
a member of the Club of Rome, and int’l. group of businessmen and
academics who discussed limits to the Earth’s Resources.
(SFC, 12/3/96, p.D2)
1964 The Votomatic, an
automated vote counting system with punch card ballots, went on the
market. It was conceived by Joe Harris of UC California in 1962 and
designed by William Rouverol, UC professor of mechanical
engineering.
(SFC, 11/25/00, p.A3)
1964 The American Marine IV
spacecraft disproved canals on Mars and found extensive regions with
craters. [see 1965]
(SFC, 11/29/96, p.A17)
1964 The Alvin, a 3-person
submersible, was delivered to Woods Hole, Mass. It was designed by
Harold Froehlich (1922-2007), engineer for the nuclear equipment
department of General Mills Corp. The vessel was named after Allyn
Vine, an engineer and geophysicist at the Oceanographic Institution.
In 1990 Victoria A. Kaharl authored “Water Baby: The Story of
Alvin.”
(WSJ, 5/26/07, p.A6)
1964 Lars Valerian Ahlfors
(1907-1996), mathematician, published his mathematical proof of the
"Ahlfors finiteness theorem."
(SFC, 10/21/96, p.A17)
1964 P.J.E. Peebles, Princeton
theoretician, gave a seminar on the Big Bang Theory and presented
his own work on the problem of background microwave radiation. It
was established that the background noise corresponded to the 3
degrees K heat left over from the beginning of the universe.
(JST-TMC,1983, p.16)
1964 John Bell, physicist at
the CERN laboratories, published his paper: On the Einstein Podolsky
Rosen Paradox. His theorem and experimental verification put to rest
the idea of hidden variables in quantum mechanics and established
that reality is non-local. The only way to save local reality would
be to posit a superluminary reality, where connections, signals,
causes, etc. travel faster than light.
(HFA, '96, p.62)
1964 Len Cutler built his first
atomic clock. In 1972 a clock of his design was used to verify
Einstein’s theory of relativity. A 1991 version was built that lost
one second every 1.6 million years.
(WSJ, 3/19/97, p.B1)
1964 Peter Higgs of the Univ.
of Edinburgh proposed the existence of a particle to account for why
some bosons have no mass. The Higgs mechanism, a way that the
massless gauge bosons in a gauge theory get a mass by interacting
with a background Higgs field, was proposed in 1964 by Robert Brout
and Francois Englert, independently by Peter Higgs and by Gerald
Guralnik, C. R. Hagen, and Tom Kibble. It was inspired by the BCS
theory of superconductivity, vacuum structure work by Yoichiro
Nambu, the preceding Ginzburg–Landau theory, and the suggestion by
Philip Anderson that superconductivity could be important for
relativistic physics. Physicist’s search for the Higgs boson
continued in 2007 with the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva,
Switzerland.
(SFC, 9/18/00, p.A6)(Econ, 3/10/07,
p.77)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_mechanism)
1964 General Electric began
marketing a new hard plastic called Noryl.
(WSJ, 1/10/07, p.B2)
1964 Engineer Paul Baran
proposed the use of distributed networks for communication. His
architecture became the foundation of ARPANET, the precursor to the
Internet.
(Econ, 1/12/13, p.72)
1964 Robert Moog (1934-2005),
graduate student at Cornell Univ., unveiled his own analogue
synthesizer at a meeting of America’s Audio Engineering Society.
(Econ, 9/3/05, p.77)
1964 Robert Weitbrecht, a deaf
person, invented the teletypewriter (TTY). It enabled deaf people to
call each other and type conversations.
(SSFC, 5/13/01, Par p.4)
1964 J. Cronin and V. Fitch of
Princeton Univ. showed that at least one phenomenon in nature- the
decay of a particle called the K0L meson- was not invariant under
the CP (charge conjugation and parity) operation. For this they
shared the Nobel Prize in 1980.
(JST-TMC,1983, p.173)
1964 Nathan W. Cohen (d.1997 at
78) organized the Galapagos Int’l. Scientific Expedition. 65
scientists spent 2 months of research there and dedicated the Darwin
Research Station there.
(SFC, 6/26/97, p.A22)
1964 In Hillsborough, New
Jersey, the indoor display gardens of Doris Duke were opened to the
public. They were located in glass houses on the 2,740-acre Duke
Farms estate. The main glass building, one of the largest in
America, was designed by Horace Trumbauer and completed in 1917. In
2008 the display gardens were closed down as the estate transformed
to an ecological and environmental learning center.
(WSJ, 5/27/08, p.D7)
1964 Kenneth E. Stager
presented overwhelming evidence that the turkey buzzard, Cathartes
aura, does indeed rely upon a keen sense of smell to find carrion.
(Nat. Hist., 4/96, p.54)
1964 In northern California the
Bureau of Reclamation built a $3.2 million debris dam to catch and
hold toxics near Iron Mountain.
(SFEC,11/2/97, p.A13)
1964 The theropod dinosaur,
Deinonychus, was discovered in Montana. It was lightly-built
able to run swiftly, and had a pair of sickle-shaped claws and their
remains suggested hunting in a pack.
(T.E.-J.B. p.77)
1964 The Deinonychus of the
group dromaeosaurids was discovered in southern Montana by Grant
Meyer and John Ostrom of Yale Univ. Weighing between 100-150 lbs.,
the dinosaur was probably warm-blooded and would have been an
active, speedy dinosaur.
(LSA, Spring 1995, p.40)
1964 Singer Sam Cooke died. His
biography was written by Silas Roy Crain in 1995: "You Send Me: The
Life and Times of Sam Cooke."
(SFC, 9/19/96, p.A17)
1964 Francis Harvey Cutting
(b.1872), California artist, died.
(SSFC, 4/18/04, p.J5)
1964 Jean Fautrier (b.1898),
French modernist, died. He was considered a precursor to the
American Abstract Expressionists.
(WSJ, 12/11/02, p.D8)
1964 Leon Shulman Gaspard
(b.1882), Russian-born American artist, died in Taos, New Mexico.
His work included “The Finish of the Kermesse.”
(WSJ, 12/1/07,
p.W3)(www.askart.com/AskART/artists/biography.aspx?artist=5968)
1964 John Hampton (b.1909),
black janitor and folk-artist, died. He left behind a work titled
“The Throne of the Third Heaven of the Nations’ Millennium General
Assembly,” all of which was covered in silver and gold foil. It
later became the center-piece of the Smithsonian American Art
Museum’s folk-art collection.
(WSJ, 9/9/06, p.P14)
1964 John Haynes Holmes
(b.1879), American clergyman and reformer died. "Priests are no more
necessary to religion than politicians to patriotism."
(AP, 2/17/02)
1964 James G. McDonald
(b.1886), American free-lance ambassador of human rights, died. In
2007 Richard Breitman, Barbara McDonald Stewart and Severin
Hochberg, editors of his extensive papers, published “Advocate for
the Doomed: The diaries and Papers of James G. McDonald
(1932-1935).”
(WSJ, 6/16/07, p.P10)
1964 Douglas McGregor (58),
Harvard and MIT economist, died. He was the inventor of Theory X and
Y, which related to the management and motivation of
workers/employees in the work place.
(Econ, 6/11/05, p.82)(http://tinyurl.com/b25nb)
1964 The "Group of 77"
developing countries was organized as a UN lobbying bloc to
negotiate with wealthy nations. It expanded to 133 nations by 2000.
(SFC, 4/15/00, p.A12)
1964 Afghanistan’s first
constitution banned all royals, except the king, from taking part in
politics. This was specifically aimed at King Zahir Shah’s cousin
Daoud, who staged a coup in 1973.
(Econ, 7/28/07, p.88)
1964 Soviet Union engineers
completed the 2.6 miles Salang tunnel connecting Kabul, Afghanistan,
to Central Asia. At 11,034 feet it was the world’s highest tunnel
until 1973, when the US built the Eisenhower Memorial Tunnel in the
Rocky Mountains.
(SFC, 12/13/01, p.A10)(SFC, 2/7/02, p.A20)(Econ,
8/3/13, p.34)(http://tinyurl.com/ngughx2)
1964 A string of military coups
began in Bolivia, but it returned to democratic rule in 1982.
(AP, 12/17/05)
1964 The British TV series
"Till Death Do Us Part," written by Johnny Speight (d.1998 at 78),
began. It was copied in the US for the 1971 "All in the Family" that
began in 1971 on CBS TV and ran to 1983 and later became "Archie
Bunker’s Place." Bunker was the first video-taped sitcom.
(SFEC, 5/24/98, DB p.39)
1964 London’s
Caribbean-flavored Notting Hill Carnival was founded following the
disturbances in Notting Hill six years earlier that saw clashes
between whites and newly arrived immigrants from the West Indies.
(AP, 8/29/11)
1964 Cytosine, produced under
the brand name Tabex, was first marketed in Bulgaria. It was
produced by the Bulgarian pharmaceutical company Sopharma AD and
became widely available in the Formerly Socialist Economies of
Europe (FSE). The cytisine derivative varenicline was approved in
2006 as a smoking cessation drug.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytisine)
1964 The Customs and Economic
Union of Central Africa, UDEAC from its name in French, was
established by the Brazzaville Treaty. Members included Cameroon,
the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, and
Gabon.
(AP, 9/29/13)
1964 In Chile Eduardo Frei
Montalva defeated Salvador Allende Gossens to become president.
(SFC, 1/29/99, p.E2)
1964 China launched its
Dongfeng ballistic missile.
(WSJ, 10/23/07, p.B4)
1964 Colombian army troops
descended on peasant militias who set up the self-styled Independent
Republic of Marquetalia. Manuel Marulanda and Pedro Antonio Marin
led survivors and co-founded the Revolutionary Armed Forces of
Colombia (FARC). Disaffected peasants and Communist intellectuals
founded FARC in an effort to share power and to fight poverty and
corruption.
(SFC, 1/7/99, p.A8)(SFC, 2/22/02, p.A19)(WSJ,
1/16/03, p.D8)(Econ, 7/17/04, p.36)
1964 In Cyprus Turkish Cypriots
withdrew into enclaves and barbed wire went up in Nicosia, dividing
the capital with Greek Cypriots.
(Econ, 12/12/09, p.57)
1964 In Denmark the bronze
statue of the Little Mermaid in the harbor was decapitated. In 1997
friends of the late painter Henrik Bruun told newspapers that Bruun
was responsible.
(SFC,11/5/97, p.C2)
1964 Waguih Ghali authored
“Beer in the Snooker Club,” a story about life in Cairo shortly
after the fall of King Farouk (1952).
(Econ, 4/26/08, p.108)
1964 In Egypt the first stage
of the Aswan High Dam began harnessing the Nile.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan_High_Dam)
1964 In Germany the one
millionth guest worker arrived.
(SFC, 8/29/97, p.A18)
1964 In Ghana the Akosombo Dam
was built on the Volta River. By 1966 extensive forests and the
homes of 80,000 people were flooded to create Lake Volta. In 2006
Wayne Dunn negotiated a 2-year pilot agreement the government to
explore the lake and a 15-year follow-up to harvest timber across
875,000 underwater acres.
(SFEC, 11/22/98, p.T10)(WSJ, 1/21/07, p.A1)
1964 In Greenland the US Army
established a Camp Century, an early warning base for Soviet missile
attacks.
(WSJ, 6/8/06, p.D8)
1964 In Guyana riots erupted
after mostly black laborers were brought in to replace striking
Indian plantation workers. 176 people were killed.
(SFC, 3/19/01, p.A8)
1964 In India the Communist
Party split over India’s war with China.
(Econ, 1/23/10, p.82)
1964 The first Indian mutual
fund, Unit Scheme-1964 aka US-64, was founded.
(WSJ, 10/15/98, p.A20)
1964 In Indonesia the Golkar
Party (Golongan Karya) was formed and used by Suharto to wield
personal power.
(SFEC, 7/12/98, p.A20)(WSJ, 6/17/99, p.A21)
1964 Saddam Hussein was
imprisoned in Iraq for conspiratorial activities, but resumed them
on release.
(SFC, 9/24/02, p.A10)
1964 The Sergei Courtyard in
Jerusalem, part of a compound that had belonged to Moscow
patriarchy, was sold for $3.5 million in oranges. In 2008 Israel
agreed to transfer it back to Russia.
(Econ, 3/16/13,
p.55)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Compound)
1964 Leicester Hemingway,
brother of Ernest Hemingway, put together floating platforms off the
west coast of Jamaica and called it the Republic of New Atlantis. He
hoped to create a marine research society and help protect Jamaican
fishing.
(Econ, 12/24/05, p.84)
1964 Eisaku Sato of the LDP
became prime minister of Japan. He served to 1972.
(Econ, 10/8/05, Survey p.10)
1964 Vera and Orton Chirwa,
lawyers, helped Malawi gain independence. Political turmoil soon
forced them into exile. Dr. Kamuzu Banda established a dictatorship
and ruled for 30 years. Soon after independence Banda jailed 400
opponents who he said were planning armed rebellion.
(SFEC, 1/19/96, Par p.5)(SFC,11/27/97, p.B8)
1964 Mexico began producing its
own version of the Volkswagen Beetle, known as the el vocho.
(SSFC, 9/14/08, p.A10)
1964 Col. Nguyen Van Thieu
joined Air Marshal Ky to oust the military government and became a
member of the new ruling Armed Forces Council in South Vietnam.
(SFC, 10/1/01, p.B2)
1964 Howard Simpson served as
the US advisor to Prime Minister Nguyen Khanh in Saigon, South
Vietnam.
(SFC, 5/24/99, p.C4)
1964 In Vietnam a major flood
killed 10,000 people.
(SFC, 11/8/99, p.A12)
1964 Zambia established
Independence from Britain. Pres. Kenneth Kaunda was in charge.
(SFC, 5/22/96, p.A9)(SFC, 7/1/97, p.A9)
1964-1965 U. Alexis Johnson (d.1997 at 88) served
as US deputy ambassador to Vietnam.
(SFC, 3/26/97, p.C3)
1964-1967 Bonanza was the top ranking network show
on television for three seasons with rankings of 36.3, 31.8, and
29.1%.
(WSJ, 4/24/95, p.R-5)
1964-1968 The Pentagon reported on May 23, 2002,
that the Defense Dept. sprayed live nerve and biological agents over
Navy ships in 6 six tests between 1964-1968. The Project shipboard
Hazard and Defense (SHAD) experiments included the use of sarin and
VX nerve gases and the staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).
(SFC, 5/24/02, p.A7)
1964-1968 In India’s "green revolution" the wheat
crop increased from 10 million to 17 million tons following the use
of dwarfing genes and fertilizer to increase the grains on each
stalk. Chidambaram Subramaniam, minister of agriculture,
convinced Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri to use new seeds,
developed by Norman Borlaug (Nobel Prize 1970) in Mexico, for wheat
production.
(SFC, 11/11/00, p.A26)(WSJ, 12/3/02, p.A1)
1964-1970 Dr. Stanley Yolles (d.2001 at 81) served
as the director of the US National Institute of Mental Health. He
denounced punitive laws on drug use.
(SFC, 1/22/01, p.A22)
1964-1970 Harold Wilson was the prime minister of
Britain.
(SFC, 9/6.96, p.A23)
1964-1973 US warplanes carried out 580,000 bombing
missions over Laos and dropped an estimated 2.3 million tons of
bombs. In the years that followed over 200 people per year died from
bombs that had initially failed to explode. In 2001 filmmaker Jack
Silverman produced "Bombies," a documentary on the effect of cluster
bombs on civilians [see 1973-1997].
(SFEC,11/2/97, p.A22)(SSFC, 3/30/03, p.D1)(AM,
7/05, p.31)
1964-1977 In England secret germ warfare
[experiments] were conducted during this time over London and
southern England. Scientists released three types of bacteria:
bacillus globigii, killed serratia marcescens, and E. Coli 162.
Officials claimed that the bacteria was rendered harmless.
(SFC, 2/3/97, p.C2)
1964-1985 A military dictatorship ruled over
Brazil. As many as 353 people died while under custody. The dead of
the leftist opposition were either "disappeared" or registered
as suicides or fatalities from accidents or shootouts.
(SFC, 6/14/96, p. A17)
1964-1987 FBI agents in Boston used hit men and
mob leaders as informants and shielded them from prosecution in
exchange for information on the Mafia. This allowed the Winter Hill
Gang to rise in power as the prosecutors brought down the Patriarcha
crime family.
(SSFC, 7/28/02, p.A5)
1964-1987 The Democratic Front for the Liberation
of Palestine was an active fighting force under Nayef Hawatmeh In
Syria and Lebanon and lost some 5,000 men over this period. It then
became a social and political body in opposition to Arafat's Fatwah
faction.
(SFEC, 8/8/99, p.A22)
1964-1992 Texaco dumped some 18 billion gallons of
toxic waste into open pits, estuaries and rivers and allegedly
polluted some 2.5 million acres of pristine rain forest. Texaco
merged with Chevron in 2001 and a suit over the toxic waste went to
trial in Ecuador in 2003.
(SFC, 5/1/03, A8)(SFC, 10/21/03, p.A3)
