Timeline Ethiopia

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Aksum was an ancient name of Ethiopia, also known as Abyssinia.
(SFEC, 6/28/98, BR p.12)(SFC, 6/4/99, p.W9)
 The Konso people of Ethiopia produced funerary figures.
 (NYT, 6/7/96, p.B9)

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Africanet: http://www.africaodyssey.com/country/ethiopia
History: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia#History
Lonely Planet: http://www.lonelyplanet.com/dest/afr/eth.htm
USLC: http://www.loc.gov/collections/country-studies/?q=ethiopia 

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27Mil BC    Six species of prehistoric mammals from this were discovered in 2003 in the Chilga region of Ethiopia's northwestern highlands. They included 3 species of Palaeomastadon, one species Deinotherium, one Gompotherium, and an example of Arsinoitherium.
    (SFC, 12/5/03, p.D5)

10Mil BC    In 2007 Ethiopian fossil hunter found molars of a large ape that bespoke gorilla origins from about this time. They named the large ape Chororapithecus abyssinicus.
    (SFC, 8/23/07, p.A16)

5.8Mil-5.2Mil    Yohannes Haile-Selassie and Giday WoldeGabriel reported in 2001 possible human fossils from this period in Ethiopia. They were tentatively named as a subspecies of Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba. Kadabba means progenitor in the Afar language.
    (SFC, 7/12/01, p.A4)(AM, 9/01, p.16)

4.4Mil BC    A partial skeleton in more than 90 pieces was found by a group led by Tim White, Gen Suwa and Berhane Asfaw in the Middle Awash at Aramis, Ethiopia, in late 1994. They name it Ardipithecus ramidus, which put it in a new genus and means ground ape root. A new argon-argon dating technique was used.
    (SFC, 10/22/95, p.4-5)(SFC, 9/1/97, p.A2)(SFC, 4/23/99, p.A21)(AM, 7/01, p.25)

4.1Mil BC-3Mil BC    Fossils of Australopithecus anamensis and A. afarensis, later found in Ethiopia, showed that structures in the wrist bones had once supported knuckle walking.
    (SFC, 3/23/00, p.A4)(SFC, 4/12/06, p.A2)

4Mil BC-3.8Mil BC    2005 hominid bones indicting bipedalism were discovered at a new site called Mille, in the northeastern Afar region of Ethiopia. They were estimated to be 3.8-4 million years old.
    (AP, 3/6/05)

3.8Mil BC    In 2019 scientists announced the landmark discovery in Ethiopia of a nearly complete skull of an early human ancestor that lived about this time. The species boasted an intriguing mixture of apelike and humanlike characteristics. The fossil dubbed MRD belonged to the species Australopithecus anamensis, which first appeared roughly 4.2 million years ago.
    (Reuters, 8/28/19)

3.6Mil BC-3Mil BC    A composite skull of adult male, Australopithecus afarensis, was found in 1975 by M. Bush at Hadar, Ethiopia. In 1978-1979 Mary Leakey’s team excavated a 75-foot long trail of 47 footprints, found at Laetoli, Tanzania, most likely made by Australopithecus afarensis.
    (NG, Nov. 1985, p.568)(Hem., Dec. '95, p.24)(PacDisc, Spring ‘96, p.2)

3.58Mil        In 2010 fossil hunters reported the discovery in Ethiopia’s Afar Desert of bones from a male specimen of Australopithecus afarensis dating to this time. The 40% skeleton was estimated to have stood about 5-5½Â  feet tall.
    (SFC, 6/24/10, p.A4)

3.4Mil BC    The fossil of a pre-human footprint dating to this time was later found in Ethiopia and attributed by scientists in 2012 to a hominin line that never adapted to terrestrial mobility upright.
    (SFC, 3/29/12, p.A5)

3.3Mil BC    In northeastern Ethiopia scientists in 2000 found a remarkably complete skeleton of a 3-year-old Australopithecus afarensis female dating to about this time. This is the same ape-man species as represented by "Lucy," found in 1974.
    (AP, 9/20/06)

3.2Mil BC    Donald C. Johanson found Lucy's 3.2 million-year-old bones in Ethiopia in 1974. Dr. Johanson and an international team at Hadar, Ethiopia, discovered a female skeleton in 3 million year old strata and named it Lucy. Subsequent finds there and at Laetoli, Tanzania, led to the naming of a new species: Australopithecus afarensis.
    (NG, Nov. 1985, p. 564)(SFC, 10/22/95, p.4-5)

3Mil BC    A nearly complete male skull of A. afarensis was found in 1991 at Hadar, Ethiopia.
    (www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/specimen.html#afarensis)

2.8Mil BC    Scientists in 2015 reported that a jawbone found in northeast Ethiopia dated to about this time making it the oldest to date for the Homo branch of humans.
    (SFC, 3/5/15, p.A2)

2.6Mil BC-2.52Mil BC        Stone flakes, flake fragments and cores of the Oldowan type from the Afar region of Ethiopia have been dated to this time. They were excavated between 1992-1994 along the Gona River.
    (AM, Mar/Apr 97 p.13)

1Mil BC    A homo erectus skull from Daka, Ethiopia, from this time was identified in 2001 as an ancestor to all modern humans. Tim D. White and Berhani Asfaw led the team that discovered the fossils in 1997.
    (SFC, 3/21/02, p.A1)

600000BC    A skull of this age from Bodo, Ethiopia, exhibits the largest nasal width of any Homo fossil.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.32)

500000BC-200000BC        In Ethiopia a hominid skull from this period was discovered in 2006 at the Gawis river drainage basin in the Afar region.
    (Reuters, 3/24/06)

233000BC     An eruption spewed volcanic fallout over a wide swathe of Ethiopia about this time. In 2022 it was reported that Homo sapiens fossils found in Ethiopia in 1967 are older than previously believed. Researchers said they used the geochemical fingerprints of a thick layer of ash found above the sediments containing the fossils to ascertain that it resulted from an eruption that spewed volcanic fallout over a wide swathe of Ethiopia about this time. The new findings conform with the most recent scientific models of human evolution placing the emergence of Homo sapiens sometime between 350,000 to 200,000 years ago.
    (Reuters, 1/12/22)

195000BC     Human fossils found in Ethiopia in 1967 were dated in 2005 to be about 195k years old.
    (SFC, 2/17/05, p.A6)

160000BC-154000BC     Fossils of human skulls, found in 1997 near Herto, Ethiopia, were dated in 2003 to this period. Tim D. White and colleagues made the find.
    (SFC, 6/12/03, p.A10)

955BC-587BC        The Ark of the Covenant, the sacred chest built by Moses containing the Ten Commandments, disappeared from Jerusalem during this period. Legend in Ethiopia holds that the Ark was stolen by Menelik I, son of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, and taken to Aksum where Orthodox Christian monks have watched over it ever since.
    (SFC, 1/31/98, p.A18)

c950BC    The Queen of Sheba lived about this time. Local legends name her Makeda and claim that she was from Ethiopia. Archeologists have found inscriptions from the ancient Sabean kingdom but no mention of Makeda or Bilqis, the local name for Sheba in Yemen. The Koran claims she ruled from Yemen.
    (WSJ, 5/2/97, p.A1)

c950BC    The Kebra Negast, a 14th cent. Ethiopian text, claims that the Queen of Sheba came from Ethiopia to see Solomon and that he tricked her into sleeping with him and bearing him a son.
    (WSJ, 5/2/97, p.A6)

155BC-213    Some evidence has it that the Ark of the Covenant was brought to Ethiopia during this period. The 1992 book "The Sign and the Seal" by Graham Hancock presents the evidence.
    (SFC, 1/31/98, p.A18)

330        Ezana (Aezianas), ruler of Aksum (northeast Ethiopia), converted much of his realm to Christianity. During his rule he constructed much of the monumental architecture of Aksum, including a reported 100 stone obelisks, the tallest of which loomed 98 ft over the cemetery in which it stood and weighed 517 tons. Most of the obelisks were later destroyed, but one 1,700-year-old monument was hauled off by Italian forces after their 1937 invasion. It was returned in 2003.
    (http://archaeology.about.com/cs/africa/a/aksum.htm)(SSFC, 11/9/03, p.A2)

330        Frumentius became the first Bishop of Ethiopia. He was a Syrian who grew up in Axum and converted the King.
    (www.africanet.com/africanet/country/ethiopia/history.htm)

500        The Catholic Church amended its calculation for the birth year of Jesus Christ. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church did not. This put the Ethiopian calendar seven years and eight months behind the Western calendar.
    (BBC, 9/10/21)

c850        Outsiders found coffee in the region of Ethiopia called Kaffa, hence the name.
    (SFEC, 10/6/96, Z1 p.4)(www.koffeekorner.com/koffeehistory.htm)

c1197        The sacred cross of Lalibela dates to this time. It was believed to belong to King Lalibela of Ethiopia who ordered "on command of God and with the help of angels" the construction of a holy city hewn from rock. In 1997 it was reported lost.
    (SDUT, 6/6/97, p.E4)

1268        The recorded lineage of the Solomonic dynasty of Ethiopia begins with Yekuno Amlak. See the reference for a complete list.
    (www.imperialethiopia.org/solomonids.htm)
   
1300-1400    The Kebra Negast, a 14th cent. Ethiopian text, claims that the Queen of Sheba came from Ethiopia to see Solomon and that he tricked her into sleeping with him and bearing him a son.
    (WSJ, 5/2/97, p.A6)

1351        The east African Kingdom of Dongala became hemmed in by Muslim states such as Kordofan and Darfur and was forced to surrender to Egypt its territory north of the third cataract. Axum was harried by the Muslims of Funj and the people retreated into the mountains and developed into the isolated Christian kingdom of Ethiopia.
    (Enc. of Africa, 1976, p.170)

1471        Jul 15, Eskender (d.1494), Emperor of Ethiopia, was born. Eskender was killed at age 22 fighting the Maya, a vanished ethnic group known for using poisoned arrows.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskender)

1494        Eskender (b.1471), Emperor of Ethiopia, was killed at age 22 fighting the Maya, a vanished ethnic group known for using poisoned arrows.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskender)

1543        Feb 21, In the Battle at Wayna Daga Ethiopian and Portuguese troops beat Moslem army. Ahmed Gran, sultan of Adal, died in the battle.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelawdewos_of_Ethiopia)

1582        The Christian world adopted the revised Gregorian calendar, but Ethiopia stayed with the Julian calendar.
    (www.gcw.nl/dissertations/3386/dis3386.pdf)

1854        British explorer Sir Richard Burton became one of the first foreigners to penetrate the "forbidden" walls of Harar, Ethiopia, disguised as a Muslim trader. Harar, also called Jugol, was founded in the 10th century and is reputed to be one of the oldest cities in east Africa.
    (AFP, 8/22/14)

1735        Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) translated a book on Abyssinia by a Portuguese Jesuit: “A Voyage to Abyssinia.” In 1759 Johnson authored his prose fiction “The History of Rasellas, Prince of Abissinia.” In the novel morality and happiness are shown not as matters of simple alternatives but sometimes impossible ones.
    (www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~www_se/personal/cjmm/Rasselas.html)(http://tinyurl.com/ld7bp)

1844        cAug 17, Menelik II, King of Ethiopia (1896-1913), was born.
    (SC, 8/17/02)

1855        Ras Kassa had himself crowned as the emperor at Axum (Ethiopia) under the name, Tewodros, and constructed an army to reunite the provinces of Tigre, Amhara and Shoa.
    (www.africanet.com/africanet/country/ethiopia/history.htm)

1868        Apr 13, Tewodros II (1818-1868), also known as Theodore II, committed suicide at Magdala while under British siege. He was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1855-1868.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tewodros_II)

1868        Ethiopia’s Prince Alemayehu (7), son of Tewodros II, was placed on a ship to Britain and enrolled in boarding school. Alemayehu (18) died 11 years later of suspected pleurisy in the northern city of Leeds, after years of loneliness. In 2007 Ethiopia called for the return of his remains.
    (Reuters, 6/3/07)(AP, 6/3/10)
1868        Following the defeat of Ethiopian emperor Tewodros by British troops, victorious soldiers stole an 18-carat gold crown, more than 500 ancient manuscripts and a painting. A British soldier took the wooden Tabot of St. Michael from the fortress of Emp. Tewodros II at Maqdala. It was returned in 2002.  In 2007 Ethiopia requested that all the stolen treasures be returned. In 2021 13 stolen artefacts were finally returned home following months of negotiations.
    (AM, 5/01, p.10)(AP, 6/3/10)(Reuters, 4/24/18)(Reuters, 11/22/21)

1869        Nov 11, Victor Emmanuel III, king of Italy (1900-46) and Ethiopia, was born.
    (MC, 11/11/01)

1886        In Ethiopia Menelik II, a King of the Shewa province, founded Addis Ababa. The site was chosen by Empress Taytu Betul.
    (Econ, 8/28/10, p.40)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addis_Ababa)

1889        Mar 10, In Ethiopia Emperor Yohannes was killed in a war against the dervishes during the Battle of Gallabat (Matemma). With his dying breaths, Yohannes declared his natural son, Dejazmach Mengesha Yohannes, as his heir. On 25 March, upon hearing of the death of Yohannes, Negus Menelik immediately proclaimed himself as NÉ™gusä Nägäst.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menelik_II_of_Ethiopia)

1889        Nov 3, In Ethiopia Emperor Menelik II (1844-1913) began ruling as emperor, fending off the encroachments of European powers.
    (www.ethiopianembassy.org/history.shtml)

1892        Jul 23, Haile Selassie (d.1975), Emperor of Ethiopia (1930-74), was born as Tafari Makonnen at Ejarsa Goro, near Harer. He pleaded with the League of Nations to halt the Italian invasion of his country. "Outside the kingdom of the Lord there is no nation which is greater than any other."
    (AP, 7/23/02)(www.imperialethiopia.org/history3.htm)

1894        Dec, An uprising in Eritrea was swiftly put down by the Italians. Italian troops under Gen. Oreste Baratieri then marched south from Eritrea and seized the northwestern Agame region of Ethiopia.
    (ON, 2/11, p.7)

1895        Sep 17, Ethiopia’s Emperor Menelik II issued a mobilization proclamation calling on men to gather to resist the Italian army.
    (ON, 2/11, p.7)

1896        Mar 1, The Battle of Adowa (Adwa, Adua) began in Ethiopia between the 80,000 forces of Negus Menelik, Emperor Menelik II, and 18-20,000 Italian troops. The Italians suffered a crushing defeat with some 6,000 killed. Menalik II and his wife Taitu led Ethiopia to independence from Italy. In 2000 Haile Gerima made a 90 minute documentary of the event, "Adwa: An African Victory."
    (WSJ, 5/16/96, p.A-12)(AP, 3/1/98)(SFC, 5/15/00, p.D3)(Econ, 2/26/11, p.89)(ON, 2/11, p.9)

1906        Jul 4, Great Britain, France & Italy granted independence to Ethiopia.
    (Maggio, 98)

1913        Dec 12, Ethiopia’s Emperor Menelik II (b.1844) died. After his death the council of regency continued the rule of Ethiopia. Lij Iyasu had been designated successor of Menelik II by Empress Taytu in May 1909 - however a problem occurred: the imperial Abyssinian rules of succession dictated, that only a Christian could rule Ethiopia as Emperor - and Lij Iyasu had taken the Muslim faith. Therefore Lij Iyasu was never crowned emperor of Ethiopia. In 1916 Empress Zewditu I of Ethiopia succeeded Menelik II, she was his oldest daughter.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menelik_II_of_Ethiopia)

1914        Jun 27, US signed a treaty of commerce with Ethiopia.
    (SC, 6/27/02)

1916        Sep 27, In September 1916, an assembly of nobles with the agreement of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church deposed Emperor Lij Iyasu (Iyasu V), the grandson and heir of Emperor Menelik II, for suspected conversion to Islam. In his place they crowned Menelik's daughter Zauditu as Empress of Ethiopia and her cousin Ras (Duke) Tafari Makonnen as Crown Prince and Regent.
    (http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Haile_Selassie)

1923        Haile Selassie secured admission to the League of Nations.
    (http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Haile_Selassie)

1924        Sep 6, Forty teenagers from Armenia, who had escaped from the Armenian genocide in Turkey, arrived in Addis Ababa. Emp. Haile Selassie had invited the band after hearing them in Jerusalem. The band along with bandleader Kevork Nalbandian became the first official orchestra of Ethiopia. Nalbandian composed the music for Ethiopia’s Imperial National Anthem, Marsh Teferi (words by Yoftahé Negusé), official from 1930 to 1974.
    (www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Arba_Lijoch)(Econ., 1/2/21, p.61)

1924        Slavery itself was abolished by edict in Ethiopia.
    (www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/ethiopia.htm)

1928        Tafari Makonnen (b.1892) became King of Shewa.
    (www.imperialethiopia.org/history3.htm)

1930        Apr 2, Ethiopia’s Empress Zauditu died and Ras Tafari assumed the title of Emperor.
    (www.ethiopianembassy.org/history.shtml)

1930        Nov 2, Haile Selassie was crowned emperor of Ethiopia. His coronation was taken as a sign by Jamaicans, who became known as Rastafarians, from the term Ras Tafari, a title held by Selassie. Ras Tafari crowned Haile Selassie I, 225th emperor of Solmonic Dynasty.
    (http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Haile_Selassie)(AP, 11/2/97)(SFC, 12/4/00, p.A12)

1931        Haile Selassie introduced Ethiopia’s first written constitution.
    (http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Haile_Selassie)

1931        Slavery was officially abolished in Ethiopia (1930 by the Ethiopian calendar).
    (www.law.emory.edu/WAL/Advocacy/day1.htm)

1932        Aug 7, Abebe Bikila (d.1973), barefoot runner from Ethiopia, winner of the 1960 Olympic marathon, was born.
    (HN, 8/7/98)(www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7ZLB1-Ofyw)

1933        Count Byron De Prorok undertook an archeological expedition from Egypt into Ethiopia. His book "Dead Men Do Tell Tales" described the venture. He pioneered the use of motion pictures from 1920. His other books included "Digging for Lost African Gods" (1926), "Mysterious Sahara" (1929) and "In Quest of Lost Worlds" (1935).
    (AM, 9/01, p.64)

1934        Dec 5, Italian and Ethiopian troops clashed at the Ualual on disputed Somali-Ethiopian border.
    (HN, 12/5/98)

1935        Jun 30, Fascists caused an uproar at the League of Nations when Haile Selassie of Ethiopia spoke. He also warned the League of Nations of the dangers of appeasement.
    (HN, 6/30/98)

1935        Jul 18, Ethiopian King Haile Selassie urged his countrymen to fight to the last man against the invading Italian army. He had previously warned the League of Nations of the dangers of appeasement.
    (HN, 7/18/98)

1935          Oct 3, Italy invaded Ethiopia.
    (DoD, 1999, p.237)(www.onwar.com/aced/data/india/italyethiopia1935.htm)

1935        Oct 6, Italian army occupied Adua, Abyssinia (Ethiopia).
    (MC, 10/6/01)

1935        Oct 11, The League of Nations met and voted 50 to 4 (Austria, Hungary, Italy and Albania opposed) to condemn Italy for the attack on Ethiopia.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1935        Dec 30, Italian bombers destroyed a Swedish Red Cross unit in Ethiopia.
    (MC, 12/30/01)

1935-1936    The Italian army used chemical warfare against Ethiopia in violation of the 1925 Geneva Protocol.
    (NH, 10/98, p.18)

1936        Jan 5, Daggha Bur, Ethiopia, was bombed by the Italians.
    (HN, 1/5/99)

1936        Mar 29, Italy firebombed the Ethiopian city of Harar.
    (HN, 3/29/98)

1936        May 2, With the Italian invasion Ethiopia’s Emp. Haile Selassie left for French Somaliland. He went into exile for 5 years during which time he was based in Bath, England.
    (http://tinyurl.com/ahqhm)

1936        May 5, Italian troops occupied Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 1757 Italians and 1593 Eritreans were killed, more than 275,000 Ethiopians were killed.
    (http://history.acusd.edu/gen/WW2Timeline/Prelude05.html)(http://nazret.com/history/)

1936        May 9, Fascist Italy annexed Ethiopia as Benito Mussolini celebrated in Rome.
    (AP, 5/9/97)(HN, 5/9/98)

1936        Jun 30, Haile Selassie asked the League of Nations for sanctions against Italy.
    (www.historychannel.com/speeches/archive/speech_400.html)

1936        Jul 4, The League Council voted to end economic sanctions against Italy with the collapse of Ethiopia. The cancellation of economic sanctions against an aggressor state marked the failure of collective security under the League and was a harbinger of conflict in the upcoming years.
    (http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1936.htm)

1937        Jan 9, Italian regime banned marriages between Italians and Abyssinians.
    (MC, 1/9/02)

1937        Feb, More than 30,000 Ethiopians were reportedly massacred by Italian forces in Addis Ababa. Italian estimates numbered between 600 and 2,000. Later studies put the number at around 20,000.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)(Econ 7/22/17, p.66)

1937        The 1,700 year-old Axum Obelisk was dismantled and removed from Ethiopia by Italian forces. Mussolini used it to commemorate the 15th anniversary of his march on Rome. In 1998 Italy agreed to return it. The border war delayed the return to 2003.
    (AM, 5/01, p.10)(SSFC, 11/9/03, p.A2)

1941        Mar 7, British troops invaded Abyssinia (Ethiopia).
    (MC, 3/7/02)

1941        Apr 6, Italian-held Addis Ababa surrendered to British and Ethiopian forces.
    (MC, 4/6/02)

1941        May 5, Emperor Haile Selassie returned to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1941        May 18, Italian army under General Aosta surrendered to Britain in Ethiopia.
    (SC, 5/18/02)

1941        Nov 18, Mussolini's forces left Abyssinia (Ethiopia).
    (MC, 11/18/01)

1942        Aug 26, Haile Selassie issued a new proclamation outlawing slavery in Ethiopia. Slavery was first outlawed in 1924.
    (WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R28)(http://nazret.com/history/)
1942        Aug 26, Haile Selassie established the State Bank of Ethiopia.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1944        Apr 4, British troops captured Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (MC, 4/4/02)

1945        After WW II Ethiopia annexed Eritrea, a former Italian colony, and ruled it ruthlessly.
    (SFC, 6/11/97, p.C16)

1946        Dec, Ethiopian Airlines was founded.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1947        Dec 28, Victor Emmanuel (b.1869-1947), also known as Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900-1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1939-1943) and King of Albania (1939-1943), died.
     (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy)

1950        Dec 2, The UN voted 46-10 for Eritrea to be federated with Ethiopia under the prompting of the United States. Union was to be achieved September 15, 1952.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritrea)

1950        The population of Ethiopia was about 18 million.
    (Econ, 12/12/15, p.P23)

1951        Feb 27, University College of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was opened.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1951        Oct 7, Dr. Eduardo Anze Matienzo of Bolivia, UN commissioner for Eritrea, announced that Eritrea had accepted the UN Federation plan.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1952        Jul 10, The new constitution of Eritrea, adopted and ratified on August 11, provided that Eritrea should have legislative, executive and judicial powers in matters not reserved to the federal government.
    (http://nazret.com/history/)

1952        Sep 11, Eritrean-Ethiopian federation act was signed and Eritrea became an independent (federated) nation. Washington, worried an emergent Eritrea would come under Soviet influence, had arranged for it to be yoked in a federation to U.S. client Ethiopia.
    (AP, 1/3/05)(http://nazret.com/history/)

1955        Nov 4, Haile Selassie introduced a revised constitution under which he retained effective power while extending political participation by allowing the lower house of parliament become an elected body.
    (http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Haile_Selassie)(http://nazret.com/history/)

1955        King Selassie granted a group of Rastafarians a small area of fertile land in southern Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 12/4/00, p.A14)
1955        US Col. Edward S. Berry (d.1999 at 93) helped establish the Ethiopian Military College.
    (SFC, 7/28/99, p.C2)
1955        Yugoslavia’s Pres. Joseph Tito donated a giant obelisk to Ethiopia. Six bronze reliefs depicted a massacre carried out by Italian forces carried out during the occupation of 1936-1941.
    (Econ 7/22/17, p.66)


1959        A water agreement between Egypt and Sudan was based on an annual net yield of 96.2 billion cubic yards of water and gave Egypt 72.15 billion and Sudan 20.04. Ethiopia got no allocation and never recognized the treaty.
    (WSJ, 8/22/97, p.A1)

1959        Catherine Hamlin (35) moved to Ethiopia from Australia to work as an obstetrician and gynecologist. Hamlin and her husband later founded a hospital where women can seek free treatment for obstetric fistulas, which are holes that develop between the birth canal and the bladder or rectum that can develop during long and difficult births.
    (AP, 10/13/09)

1960        Sep 10, Abebe Bikila (1932-1973), barefoot runner from Ethiopia, won the Olympic marathon.
    (HN, 8/7/98)(www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7ZLB1-Ofyw)

1962        In Ethiopia a 16-year-old artist painted "Woman at the Market."
    (SFEM, 1/12/97, DB  p.20)

1962        Ethiopia made Eritrea a separate province.
    (WSJ, 5/26/00, p.A22)

1963        May 25, The Organization of African Unity (OAU) was founded, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, by Chad, Mauritania & Zambia. Emperor Haile Selassie was among the key African leaders who founded the Organization of African Unity. He oversaw the maiden meeting of the continental body. In 2001 it was replaced the African Union.
    (AP, 5/25/97)(SFC, 7/12/01, p.A12)(AP, 2/10/19)

1966        Apr 21, Emperor Haile Selassie (Ethiopia) visited Kingston, Jamaica.
    (MC, 4/21/02)

1970        The Finchaa Dam was built in Ethiopia.
    (WSJ, 8/22/97, p.A9)

1970        China established relations with Ethiopia.
    (WSJ, 3/29/05, p.A2)

1972        Mar 27, The Addis Ababa accords ended fighting between north and south Sudan. It made the south a self-governing region. Pres. Gaafar Muhammed Nimeiri ended the 17 year civil war in the Sudan between the north and south.
    (www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/sudan-civil-war1.htm)(WSJ, 10/22/03, p.A4)

1973        In Ethiopia the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) was formed to seek greater autonomy for Oromia region.
    (AFP, 11/10/06)
1973        Ethiopian Airlines became the first African carrier to fly to China.
    (Econ, 10/22/16, p.59)

1974        Mar 1, The Ethiopian government of Makonnen Endelkacaw (1927-1974) formed.
    (www.worldstatesmen.org/Ethiopia.html)

1974        Sep 12, Haile Selassie I, "King of Kings, Lord of Lords, and Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah," was deposed by the military from the Ethiopian throne. A military committee (known as the Dergue) was established from several divisions of the Ethiopian Armed forces. General Aman Amdon was elected as spokesperson for the Dergue and implemented policies for the country, which included land distribution to peasants, nationalizing industries and services under public ownership and led Ethiopia into the Socialism.
    (AP, 9/12/99)(http://tinyurl.com/7lnnz)

1974        Nov 23, In  Ethiopia 60 government officials were executed.
    (http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/ethiopia/ethiopia39.html)

1974        Dr. Donald C. Johanson and an international team at Hadar, Ethiopia, discovered a female skeleton in 3 million year old strata and name it Lucy. Subsequent finds there and at Laetoli, Tanzania, led to the naming of a new species: Australopithecus afarensis.
    (NG, Nov. 1985, p. 564)

1974-1991    The regime of Col. Mengistu Haile Mariam ruled Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 11/6/00, p.A12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam)

1975        Feb 18, The Tigray People’s Liberation Front began a rebellion in northern Ethiopia.
    (www.scribd.com/doc/14967/The-Origins-Of-TPLF)

1975        Mar 21, Ethiopia ended its monarchy after 3000 years. In May the monarchy was formally abolished, and Marxism-Leninism was proclaimed the ideology of the state.
    (www.worldstatesmen.org/Ethiopia.html)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derg)

1975        Aug 27, Haile Selassie, the last emperor of Ethiopia’s 3,000-year-old monarchy, died in Addis Ababa at age 83 almost a year after he was overthrown in a military coup. It was later discovered that the Derg, the ruling military committee, had voted to murder the imprisoned emperor. Selassie was born of royal blood and originally named Ras Tafari, and is regarded as the savior by a religious sect originating in Jamaica whose members are called Rastafarians. Crowned emperor in 1930 under the title Haile Selassie I (meaning "Power of the Trinity"), he was by tradition a descendant of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. He reigned as emperor of Ethiopia until 1974. Ryszard Kapuscinski later authored "The Emperor," a biography of Selassie.
    (AP, 8/27/00)(HNQ, 2/4/00)(WSJ, 4/18/01, p.A20)(Econ, 9/29/07, p.49)

1976        Feb 18, The Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) issued a manifesto to secede from Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 6/24/99, p.A14)(www.abugidainfo.com/?p=3393)(http://tinyurl.com/2j2pxf)

1977        Feb 24, Pres. Carter announced the US was cutting off all military aid to Ethiopia because of its human rights violations. The unstated reason was the US desire to cooperate with Saudi Arabia to lure Somalia from the Soviet camp, an effort which was ultimately successful.
    (www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Politics/africa.html)

1977        Somalia and Ethiopia engaged in battle. The Soviet Union provided tanks to both sides. Somalia tried and failed to push into the Ogaden area of Ethiopia. The Somalis managed to reach the walled city of Harer, a center for Islam in Ethiopia. An Ethiopian counter-offensive backed by Cuban troops wrecked Somalia’s army and led to the 1991 of the Somali regime.
    (Econ, 8/12/06, p.19)(Econ, 10/14/06, p.49)(Econ, 1/7/12, p.42)

1977-1978    The Ethiopian Red Terror, or Qey Shibir, was a violent political campaign in Ethiopia undertaken during the leadership of the Derg, a socialist military junta. Hirut Abebe-Jiri, imprisoned and tortured during a purge known as the “Red Terror,” later set up an organization to archive, translate and index the Derg files.  As many as 100,000 people were killed during the campaign as Mengistu sought to transform the country into a Soviet-style workers' state.   (Econ, 9/29/07, p.50)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Terror_(Ethiopia))(AP, 3/7/10)

1978        Feb 7, Ethiopia mounted a counter attack against Somalia.
    (HN, 2/7/99)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogaden_War)

1978        Aug, In Ethiopia dozens of prisoners in a church inside a prison compound were executed and other prisoners were told to dump their bodies in a mass grave during the rule of Marxists known as the Dergue led by dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam.
    (AP, 11/2/17)

1978        UNESCO named Ethiopia’s Simien Mountains National Park a World Heritage Site.
    (SSFC, 5/24/15, p.L2)

1980        Parts of Ethiopia were stricken by drought and famine, which the government did not want to become public knowledge. Abebech Gobema (1935-2021) began caring for cxhildren left to die. In 1986 she managed to register her Abebech Gobema Children's Care And Development Association as a nonprofit.
    (SSFC, 8/8/21, p.F10)

1981        Karlheinz Boehm (1928-2014), Austrian actor and human rights activist, founded the Menschen fuer Menschen ("People for People") aid group dedicated to helping people in Ethiopia.
    (AP, 5/30/14)

1982        Jan 2, The Somali National Movement (SNM) launched its first military operation against the Somali government. Operating from Ethiopian bases.
    (www.onwar.com/aced/data/sierra/somalia1982b.htm)

1983-1985    In Ethiopia an estimated 1 million people died of a famine brought on by the policies of Marxist dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam.
    (Econ., 1/23/21, p.10)

1984        Nov 18, The Soviets helped deliver U.S. wheat during the Ethiopian famine.
    (HN, 11/18/98)

1984        In Ethiopia the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) was formed for the independence of Ogaden, which Rebels claimed has been marginalized by Addis Ababa. The region is suspected of holding large oil and natural gas reserves.
    (AP, 7/25/07)

1984-1985    Severe famine hit Ethiopia and took an estimated 100,000 lives. The military regime taxed aid and spent the proceeds on a grand celebration of the success of Marxism.
    (SFC, 4/20/98, p.A8,12)(SFC, 11/6/00, p.A12)(Econ, 4/1/17, p.40)

1985        Jan 5, Israel’s 6-week Operation Moses for the resettlement of 8,000 Ethiopian Jews ended. It began Nov 18, 1984, but new was blacked out for security reasons.
    (www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/ejhist.html)

1985        Jan 13, A train plunged into a ravine in eastern Ethiopia and killed at least 392 people.
    (http://tinyurl.com/yznz8w)

1985        Jul 13, Live Aid, an international rock concert in London, Philadelphia, Moscow and Sydney, took place to raise money for Ethiopia and Africa's starving people. It was organized by Bob Geldof of Ireland.
    (TMC, 1994, p.1985)(AP 7/13/97)(Econ, 6/4/05, p.56)

1985        Ethiopia’s Marxist dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam gave some 570,000 people the choice of moving or being shot. It was part of a program to counter the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF).
    (Econ, 7/17/04, p.50)(www.uscis.gov)

1988        Eritrea was victorious over Ethiopian forces.
    (SSFC, 4/15/12, p.P3)

1988        In Slovenia journalists of the weekly magazine Mladina ran news stories about secret arms deals between Yugoslavia and Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 4/14/97, p.A8)

1989        Aug 7, A small plane carrying Congressman Mickey Leland, D-Texas, and 15 others disappeared during a flight in Ethiopia. The wreckage of the plane was found six days later; there were no survivors.
    (AP, 8/7/99)

1989        Aug 13, Searchers in Ethiopia found the wreckage of a plane which had disappeared almost a week earlier while carrying Texas Congressman Mickey Leland and 15 other people. There were no survivors.
    (AP, 8/13/97)

1990        Feb, The port of Massawa, Eritrea, was liberated from Ethiopian forces.
    (SFC, 6/11/97, p.C2)(http://tinyurl.com/8byua)

1991        May 21, Ethiopia’s Marxist president (Mengistu Haile Mariam) resigned and fled into exile as rebels continued to advance. Mengistu left behind thousands of pages of memoranda.  (AP, 5/21/01)(Econ, 9/29/07, p.50)

1991        May 24, Eritrean rebels liberated Asmara from Ethiopian rule. Days later Ethiopian rebels from Tigray took Addis Ababa with the help of Eritrean counterparts and ended the 17-year rule of Marxist dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam.
    (SFC, 6/24/99, p.A10)

1991        May 25, Foreigners fled the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa as rebels closed in on the city.
    (AP, 5/25/01)
1991        May 25, Israel completed "Operation Solomon," which had evacuated some 14,000 Ethiopian Jews, members of the Beta Israel, to their promised land.
    (AP, 5/25/01)(Econ., 10/17/20, p.42)

1991        May 27, Ethiopia ordered its troops to lay down their arms in the face of a rebel advance. An estimated 60,000 Eritreans died in the rebel war with Ethiopia.
    (AP, 5/27/01)(Econ, 2/19/05, p.80)

1991        May 28, Ethiopian rebels seized control of the capital of Addis Ababa, a week after the country’s longtime Marxist ruler, Mengistu Haile Mariam, resigned his post and fled.
    (AP, 5/28/01)

1991        May, In Ethiopia an armed revolution led by the Tigrean People’s Liberation Front took over the government from the Marxist regime of Mengistu Haile Mariam known as the Dergue (Derg). Meles Zenawi (36), a former Marxist-Leninist and the guerrilla leader of the TPLF took control of the government. The Tigrean minority made up only 5% of the country’s population. Some 4 million Tigrayans lorded over 18 million Amharans and 20 million Oromos. Some experts say 150,000 university students, intellectuals and politicians were killed in a nationwide purge by Mengistu's regime. No one knew for sure how many suspected opponents were killed.
    (SFC, 4/20/98, p.A12)(SFC, 5/12/98, p.A14)(SFC, 6/24/99, p.A14)(AP, 6/1/11)

1991        The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church split over the naming of a new patriarch after the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) removed the Derg military junta from power. In 2018 the feuding wings reunified.
    (AFP, 7/27/18)

1991-1995    Meles Zenawi (b.1956) served as Chairman of the EPRDF and President of the Transitional Government of Ethiopia.
    (www.brandt21forum.info/BioAfricaCom-Zenawi.htm)

1993        Apr 23-1993 Apr 25, Eritrea voted to secede from Ethiopia.
    (www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/hornafrica.html#eri)

1993        May 24, Eritrea achieved independence from Ethiopia after a 30-year civil war. Some 65,000 Eritreans lost their lives in the fight for independence. Pres. Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia allowed Eritrea to secede as a reward for the support of its rebel forces in 1991.
    (WSJ, 3/4/97, p.A14)(SFC, 6/11/97, p.C16)(MC, 5/24/02)

1993        The Afar Revolutionary Democratic Unity Front was launched in the land of the Afars, over territory that straddled Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti. The Afars numbered some 2 million and their territory had previously been called the French Territory of Afars and Issas.
    (Econ, 3/10/07, p.44)

1994        Meles Zenawi (39), was the president of Ethiopia and its 53 million people.
    (CNT, Nov.,1994, p.245)
1994        Ethiopia adopted a new federal constitution with many powers devolved to the regions. It came into force on 21 August 1995.
    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_Constitution_of_Ethiopia)(Econ, 11/3/07, p.33)

1994        Asrat Woldeyes, president of the All Amhara People’s Organization, was jailed.
    (SFC, 5/12/98, p.A14)

1995        Jun 26, Egypt’s Pres. Mubarak escaped unharmed after his motorcade came under fire during a trip to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. He was en route to a summit of the Organization of African Unity. In 1996 an Ethiopian court sentenced 3 Egyptian men to death for the attack.
    (SFC, 9/21/96, p.A10)(AP, 7/9/04)(SFC, 2/12/11, p.A4)

1995        Aug 21, Ethiopia’s new federal constitution came into force. It created nine ethnically based semi-autonomous states, but gave each of more than 80 ethnic groups the right to form its own state or secede. The constitution guaranteed free land to farmers. All land was owned by the state, but farmers and poor people had few legal protections from eviction.
    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_Constitution_of_Ethiopia)(Econ, 7/27/19, p.38)(Econ., 8/1/20, p.39)

1995        Aug 22, Meles Zenawi was elected PM of the Ethiopian Federal Democratic Republic.
    (www.brandt21forum.info/BioAfricaCom-Zenawi.htm)

1995        In Ethiopia Almaz Meko was elected speaker of the House for Federation, the upper house of Parliament.
    (SFC, 8/17/01, p.A17)

1996        May 9, Bacterial meningitis has infected more than 100,000 people in West Africa over the last 3 months and more than 10,000 have died. The epidemic has been most intense in the region just south of the Sahara known as the Sahel. The 1996 epidemic resulted in some 20,000 deaths. The "meningitis belt" swept from Senegal to Ethiopia about every 10 years.
    (SFC, 5/9/96, p.C-5)(WSJ, 3/17/03, p.B4)

1996        Jun 3, Two rivers overflowed in Ethiopia killing 12 people. Some 30,000 were forced from their homes.
    (SFC, 6/5/96, p.C5)

1996        Sep 23, Ethiopian forces exchanged fire with Somali militiamen.
    (SFC, 9/25/96, p.A10)

1996        Nov 23, An Ethiopian Boeing 767 airliner crashed into the Indian ocean near Grand Comore Island. It had been hijacked after takeoff from Addis Ababa and ran out of fuel under hijacker demands to fly to Australia. Some 54 of 175 people were saved. The plane was destined for the Ivory Coast with stops along the way.
    (SFEC, 11/24/96, p.A1,10)

1997        Mar 10, The 800-year-old cross of Lalibela was reported lost.
    (SDUT, 6/6/97, p.E2)

1997        Apr 14, A grenade attack wounded 33 in the largest supermarket of Addis Ababa. Two similar attacks over the weekend killed one person and injured 41 at a restaurant and hotel in the capital.
    (WSJ, 4/15/97, p.A9)

1997        May 13, It was reported that 6 teenage girls in Ethiopia had committed suicide over the last 9 months in order to avoid traditional marriages to elderly cousins as old as 80.
    (SFC, 5/13/97, p.A13)

1997        Aug 22, It was reported that Ethiopia has completed work on more than 200 dams that use 624 million cubic yards of Nile water per year.
    (WSJ, 8/22/97, p.A10)

1997        Aug, Ethiopian officials set up an administration in the contested region known as Bada, that triggered skirmishes with Eritrea.
    (SFC, 6/13/98, p.A14)

1997        Nov 15, It was reported that storms over the past three weeks have killed at least 1000 people in Ethiopia and Somalia and left some 100,000 families displaced and in competition with crocodiles and hippos for dry land. The overflowing Juba and the Shabelle Rivers originate in Ethiopia. The Juba had become 8 miles wide at some points.
    (SFC,11/15/97, p.A3)(SFEC,11/16/97, p.A27)

1997        Nov 20, It was reported that flooding in Ethiopia had killed 297 people and uprooted 65,000 and that heavy rains continued to fall.
    (SFC,11/20/97, p.B2)

1997        Nov-1997 Dec, Health workers in Ethiopia under int’l. financing worked to vaccinate every child under 5 against polio.
    (SFC, 1/2/98, p.A14)

1997        Ethiopia received over $100 million in aid from the US and over $700 million in loans from the IMF.
    (SFC, 5/12/98, p.A14)

1997        Eritrea introduced its own currency, the nakfa, and sought to make it directly exchangeable with the Ethiopian burr in cross-border transaction.
    (SFC, 6/10/98, p.A10)

1997        Assefa Maru, second in command of Ethiopia’s Teacher’s Association, was killed.
    (SFC, 5/12/98, p.A14)

1998        Jan, Editors and journalists of Tobia, the largest and most respected independent publication in Ethiopia, were arrested after publishing a secret UN document critical of the government.
    (SFC, 5/12/98, p.A14)

1998        Apr 4, A locust plague in Ethiopia was reported covering an area of 3,700 acres in the regions of Jijiga and Dire Dawa. Aerial spraying was begun.
    (SFC, 4/4/98, p.A7)

1998        Apr 20, Fatuma Roba of Ethiopia won the 102nd Boston Marathon among the women in 2:23:21.
    (WSJ, 4/21/98, p.A1)

1998        May 6, There was a border skirmish between Ethiopia and Eritrea over the 150-square-mile area called the Badme triangle. This grew into a two-decades-long war with half a million civilians forced from their homes. Later a settlement of the border war was contingent on the borders prior to this date. An international panel in 2005, formed to resolve disputes between Eritrea and Ethiopia, said Eritrea violated int’l. law when it invaded the north of Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 1/30/99, p.A12)(SFC, 3/10/00, p.A12)(AFP, 12/22/05)(Econ., 11/7/20, p.14)

1998        May 12, Eritrea accused Ethiopian militiamen of invading its territory in a border skirmish. Ethiopia later said 20 people were killed and 20 wounded by Eritrean forces.
    (WSJ, 5/15/98, p.A1)(SFC, 5/18/98, p.A12)

1998        May 28, In Eritrea veterans were mobilized to be sent to Ethiopian border where the 160-square-mile Yigra triangle was under dispute. Eritrea claimed ownership under the still binding Italian colonial borders.
    (SFC, 5/29/98, p.D4)

1998        Jun 3, Eritrean and Ethiopian soldiers clashed in heavy fighting along their disputed border.
    (SFC, 6/4/98, p.A11)

1998        Jun 5-1998 Jun 6, Eritrea and Ethiopia sent warplanes on bombing raids against each other. In Mekele, Ethiopia, at least 40 people were killed and over 100 wounded.
    (SFC, 6/6/98, p.A10)(SFC, 6/8/98, p.A12)

1998        Jun 8, Eritrea appealed for direct talks with Ethiopia to end the border war.
    (SFC, 6/9/98, p.A14)

1998        Jun 9, Heavy fighting erupted on the Ethiopian-Eritrean frontier in the latest stage of their undeclared war.
    (SFC, 6/10/98, p.A8)

1998        Jun 11, Fighting between Eritrea and Ethiopia was reported 50 miles from Eritrea’s Red Sea port of Assab.
    (SFC, 6/12/98, p.A12)

1998        Jun 14, Ethiopia and Eritrea agreed to halt the use of air strikes in their border war.
    (SFC, 6/15/98, p.A10)

1998        Aug 22, It was reported that a 2.5 mile crack had opened up at Adami Tulu, 105 miles south of Addis Ababa. The growing depression was 16 feet wide and 40 feet deep and moving in the direction of lakes Abiyata and Shala.
    (SFC, 8/22/98, p.A14)

1998        Sep 22, In Ethiopia the government said that 2,000 Eritreans had been expelled over the past week bringing the total to 6,500. It charged that Eritrea had forced out 17,000 Ethiopians.
    (SFC, 9/23/98, p.A12)

1998        Sep 26-1998 Sep 30, In Ethiopia the Lions Club charity sponsored a free surgical program at the Adama hospital in Nazareth town. Over 700 cataract patients were treated. Some had been blind for 20 years.
    (SFC, 10/3/98, p.A12)

1998        Nov 17, Ethiopia deported over 650 Eritreans after 4 months of detainment.
    (SFC, 11/18/98, p.C5)

1998        China began to expand its influence in Ethiopia when the US evacuated its Peace Corps volunteers and scaled back military aid due to the border war with Eritrea.
    (WSJ, 3/29/05, p.A1)

1998-2000    An estimated 70,000 people were killed in the border war between Eritrea and Ethiopia.
    (Econ, 8/4/07, p.42)

1999        Jan 29, Amnesty Int'l. reported that Ethiopia had forcefully deported 52,000 Eritreans since the eruption of war in 1998.
    (SFC, 1/30/99, p.A12)

1999        Feb 6, Ethiopia and Eritrea resumed their clash after an 8-month lull. Heavy casualties were reported.
    (WSJ, 2/8/99, p.A1)

1999        Feb 9, An Ethiopian plane bombed an Eritrean village and at least 5 civilians were killed. Eritrea reported that a large number of Ethiopian forces were killed near Tsorena, but Ethiopia denied the Eritrean version of the fighting.
    (SFC, 2/10/99, p.C2)

1999        Feb 14, Eritrea shot down an Mi-24 Ethiopian helicopter gunship at Bure and the crew was killed. Eritrea said that 16 civilians had been killed by Ethiopian aircraft since Feb 6.
    (SFC, 2/15/99, p.A9)

1999        Feb 15, Eritrea reported that Ethiopia had begun a new round of shelling southwest of Assab.
    (SFC, 2/16/99, p.C2)

1999        Feb 21, Ethiopian planes struck the airport at Assab but Eritrean officials said the 12 bombs dropped by 2 planes failed to hit their targets.
    (SFC, 2/22/99, p.A14)

1999        Feb 23, Ethiopian troops attacked Eritrea with tanks and aircraft.
    (WSJ, 2/24/99, p.A1)

1999        Feb 24, Eritrea said that it had destroyed 31 Ethiopian tanks, captured 3 others and shot down a Mi-24 helicopter gunship.
    (SFC, 2/27/99, p.A14)

1999        Feb 26, Ethiopia claimed to have shot down a 2nd Eritrean MiG-29.
    (SFC, 2/27/99, p.A14)

1999        Feb 27, Eritrea agreed to accept an African sponsored proposal to end its border dispute with Ethiopia. This followed an Ethiopian breakthrough at Badme.
    (SFEC, 2/28/99, p.A23)

1999        Feb 28, Ethiopia claimed victory over Eritrea and said that it had killed, wounded and captured tens of thousands of Eritrean soldiers.
    (SFC, 3/1/99, p.A12)

1999        Mar 15, Eritrea claimed to have shot down an Ethiopian MiG-23 and to have destroyed 19 tanks. Ethiopia denied the claims.
    (SFC, 3/16/99, p.A9)

1999        Mar 17, Eritrea said it repulsed Ethiopian troops after a 3-day battle. 300 Ethiopian soldiers were reported dead and 57 tanks destroyed. Ethiopia said the results of the battle were staged.
    (SFC, 3/18/99, p.C3)

1999        Mar 28, Ethiopia claimed to have killed tens of thousands of Eritrean soldiers since Feb 23. Eritrea made equally high and unconfirmed claims of enemy casualties.
    (WSJ, 3/29/99, p.A1)

1999        Mar 30, Eritrea appealed to humanitarian organizations to account for some 1,000 missing citizens while Ethiopia continued shelling near Badme.
    (SFC, 4/2/99, p.D3)

1999        Mar, At the Battle of Tsorona Ethiopia sent waves of soldiers over minefields along a 3-mile front to clear a path for better trained soldiers. Thousands died from entrenched Eritrean troops and artillery fire.
    (SFC, 6/24/99, p.A10)

1999        Apr 19, The 103rd Boston Marathon was won by Joseph Chebet of Kenya in 2h:9m:52s. Fatuma Roba of Ethiopia won the women's category in 2:23:25.
    (WSJ, 4/20/99, A1)

1999        May 24, Ethiopia said Eritrea had launched attacks at the western Badme front over the weekend, but was thwarted by a counterattack that killed 400 Eritrean soldiers.
    (SFC, 5/26/99, p.A12)

1999        May 25, Eritrea said that it had foiled a series of Ethiopian assaults over 4 days at Badme and that 380 Ethiopian soldiers were killed.
    (SFC, 5/26/99, p.A12)

1999        May 27, Ethiopia said it had killed 865 Eritrean troops in a 2 day battle near the Mereb River on the Badme front. Eritrea claimed that 585 Ethiopian troops were killed over 5 days of fighting.
    (SFC, 5/28/99, p.D3)

1999        Jun 11, Eritrea and Ethiopia clashed in a 2nd day of heavy fighting on the western Badme front.
    (SFC, 6/12/99, p.C1)

1999        Jun 13, In Israel Prime Minister Netanyahu told his ministers to bring in some 2,500 to 3,000 Jews from the Quara region of Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 6/15/99, p.C5)

1999        Jun 14, Eritrea and Ethiopia battled for a 5th day. Eritrea claimed to have killed, wounded or captured over 12,000 soldiers, while Ethiopia claimed the same for 8,200 soldiers. Over half a million soldiers were stationed along the 600-mile border.
    (SFC, 6/15/99, p.C5)(SFC, 6/24/99, p.A10)

1999        Jun 25, Eritrea and Ethiopia began new fighting on their western front.
    (SFC, 6/26/99, p.A16)

1999        Jun 28, In Somalia Ethiopian forces captured the regional capital of Garba Harre, 250 miles northwest of Mogadishu.
    (SFC, 6/29/99, p.A9)

1999        Jul 26, Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to send delegates to Algeria to finalize arrangements to end their 14-month border war.
    (SFC, 7/27/99, p.A10)

1999        Aug 7, Pres. Isaias Afwerki of Eritrea made an unconditional offer for cooperation with the OAU to end its war with Ethiopia during a meeting with Algerian Pres. Bouteflika, the OAU chairman.
    (SFC, 8/9/99, p.A10)

1999        Aug 12, Ethiopia claimed to have almost eliminated 3 rebel groups based in Somalia which it said were supported by Eritrea. Most of the 1,103 killed or captured rebels were of the Oromo Liberation Front.
    (SFC, 8/13/99, p.D2)

1999        Sep 4, Ethiopia claimed that the proposed outline for the implementation of a peace plan contradicted an original agreement regarding the withdrawal of Eritrea's forces. Eritrea the next day took the statement as "tantamount to a declaration of war."
    (SFC, 9/7/99, p.A14)

1999        The film "Endurance" was written and directed by Leslie Woodhead and was the story of Ethiopian long-distance runner and Olympics gold medalist Haile Gebrselassie.
    (SFC, 5/17/99, p.D3)

1999        Jill Campbell and her husband, Gary, compiled evidence that helped convict the director of an Ethiopian orphanage that the Swiss charity Terre Des Hommes-Lausanne used to run. Their report on sexual abuse prompted the charity to apologize and leave Ethiopia. In 2001 Jill Campbell was convicted of defamation and ordered to apologize to Terre Des Hommes-Lausanne (TdH) or face jail. In 2003, an Ethiopian court sentenced orphanage director David Christie to nine years of hard labor for abusing several young boys. In 2008 lawyers for the charity said it had dropped the demand for an apology.
    (AP, 3/7/08)

2000        Feb 23, It was reported that Ethiopia faced severe famine and the UN World Food Program planned an appeal to raise $50 million for emergency aid.
    (SFC, 2/24/00, p.A14)

2000        Mar 16, Emergency food aid was planned after it was learned that 53  children under age 5 had died of malnutrition in one town in Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 3/16/00, p.A16)

2000        Mar 31, Prof. William Alfred Shack of UC Berkeley died at age 76. Shack had a longtime interest in the Gurage culture of Ethiopia and had established the department of sociology and anthropology at Haile Selassie Univ. in Addis Ababa.
    (SFC, 4/6/00, p.A21)

2000        Mar, A private group of US Peace Corp volunteers worked to settle the 2-year border war between Eritrea and Ethiopia based on the "status quo ante" border on May 6, 1998.
    (SFC, 3/10/00, p.A12)

2000        May 12, War erupted between Eritrea and Ethiopia after Ethiopian troops left their trenches and attacked Eritrean defenses. 600,000 troops were dug in along the 600-mile border.
    (SFC, 5/13/00, p.A8)

2000        May 14, Ethiopia claimed a major victory against Eritrea and claimed that 8 divisions had been destroyed over the last 2 days. Eritrea said 25,000 Ethiopian soldiers were killed or wounded.
    (SFC, 5/15/00, p.A14)

2000        May 14, In Ethiopia elections were held and 7 people were reported killed when government forces threw a grenade into a crowd of protestors and fired into another in the southern region of Hadiya. [see Jun 16]
    (SFC, 5/15/00, p.A14)

2000        May 15, In Ethiopia tens of thousands marched in Addis Ababa in support of the renewed border war with Eritrea.
    (WSJ, 5/16/00, p.A1)

2000        May 16, Ethiopian troops penetrated into western Eritrea and attempted to cut off retreating forces.
    (WSJ, 5/17/00, p.A1)

2000        May 17, Ethiopian forces pushed into Eritrean territory and the UN Security council approved an embargo against both countries.
    (SFC, 5/18/00, p.A11)

2000        May 18, Ethiopian troops captured Barentu in Eritrea and some 250-550 thousand refugees were reported displaced by the fighting.
    (SFC, 5/19/00, p.A18)

2000        May 24, Eritrea decided to withdraw from land it seized in 1998 following a 12-day offensive by Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 5/25/00, p.A12)

2000        May 26, Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to resume peace talks even as Ethiopia continued to push into Eritrean territory.
    (SFC, 5/27/00, p.A12)

2000        May 28, Ethiopian warplanes bombed a nearly completed power plant in Massawa, Eritrea, as thousands of refugees fled north.
    (SFC, 5/29/00, p.A12)

2000        May 29, Ethiopian planes launched air raids on a military airstrip near Asmara, Eritrea, as their foreign ministers prepared for talks in Algeria.
    (SFC, 5/30/00, p.A1)

2000        May 30, Ethiopia and Eritrea opened peace talks in Algeria.
    (SFC, 5/31/00, p.A10)

2000        May 31, Ethiopia declared victory over Eritrea as peace talks continued in Algeria.
    (SFC, 6/1/00, p.A16)

2000        Jun 5, Eritrea claimed that an Ethiopian attack near Assab was foiled and that 3,755 Ethiopian troops were "killed, wounded, or taken prisoner."
    (SFC, 6/6/00, p.A10)
2000        Jun 5, In Ethiopia 14 children were trampled to death at the Mega Amphitheater in Addis Ababa when a crowd pushed to get out of the rain.
    (SFC, 6/6/00, p.A16)
2000        Jun 5, Ethiopia accused Eritrea of rounding up 7,529 Ethiopian citizens and putting them under armed guard for deportation.
    (SFC, 6/6/00, p.A10)

2000        Jun 9, Eritrea accepted an Organization of African Unity plan to end the conflict with Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 6/10/00, p.A12)

2000        Jun 10, Ethiopian troops stormed Eritrean positions on all 3 fronts of the disputed border in a break of the cease-fire. The Ethiopian government accepted cease-fire terms brokered in Algeria but asked for a "brief delay."
    (SFEC, 6/11/00, p.A31)

2000        Jun 15, Ethiopia accepted a preliminary cease-fire plan and together with Eritrea planned to sign documents in Algeria.
    (SFC, 6/16/00, p.A19)

2000        Jun 16, In Ethiopia the election board announced that the 4-party Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) won a landslide victory in 4 key regions in the may 14 elections.
    (SFC, 6/17/00, p.A10)

2000        Jun 18, In Algeria the Foreign Ministers of Ethiopia and Eritrea signed an accord to cease hostilities immediately in a two-year-old border war. The agreement called for an int’l. peacekeeping force in a buffer zone reaching 15 miles into Eritrea.
    (SFC, 6/19/00, p.A8)(SFC, 6/20/00, p.A12)(AP, 6/18/05)

2000        Oct 10, In Ethiopia Prime Minister Meles Zenawi was re-elected by acclamation in parliament to another 5-year term.
    (SFC, 10/11/00, p.A14)

2000        Aug 19, It was reported that 9 people had died in Ethiopia’s Afar region after the Awash River burst its banks and inundated the Danakil Lowlands. 30,000 people were left homeless.
    (SFC, 8/19/00, p.B12)

2000        Nov 5, Haile Selassie (1892-1975), former ruler Ethiopia (1930-1974), was buried in a cathedral crypt. His body was found in 1992 on the grounds of his former palace, where he died while under house arrest.
    (SFC, 11/6/00, p.A12)

2000        Dec 12, Ethiopia and Eritrea signed a peace pact in Algiers. A 4,200 UN peacekeeping force was set to patrol the border. PM Zenawi and Pres. Afwerki signed the accord, which established a commission to mark the 620-mile border, exchange prisoners, returned displaced people and hear claims for war damages.
    (SFC, 12/4/00, p.E2)(WSJ, 12/5/00, p.A1)(SFC, 12/13/00, p.B3)

2001        Feb 6, Ethiopia and Eritrea agreed to set up a 16-mile wide UN-patrolled security zone effective Feb 12.
    (SFC, 2/7/01, p.A14)

2001        Feb, The Ethiopian Women’s Lawyers Assoc. organized a march of some 1,000 women to the office of PM Meles Zenawi and parliament to protest domestic violence. The group was banned in September.
    (SFC, 9/8/01, p.A9)

2001        Apr 26, Six hijackers seized an Ethiopian plane with 50 passengers and diverted it to Sudan where they surrendered. They wanted to draw attention to economic conditions in Ethiopia and recent student protests for greater academic freedom during which 41 people were killed in Addis Ababa.
    (SFC, 4/27/01, p.D4)
2001        Apr 26, It was reported that a meningitis outbreak had killed at least 3,500 people in Africa and that vaccine had been shipped to Ethiopia and Burkina Faso.
    (SFC, 4/26/01, p.A14)

2001        Aug 11, Almaz Meko (39), speaker of the House for Federation, sought political asylum in Washington DC. She feared persecution for speaking out on the treatment of her Oromo people.
    (SFC, 8/17/01, p.A17)

2001        Sep 6, The Ethiopian Women’s Lawyers Assoc., was banned. It had organized a Feb. march of some 1,000 women to the office of PM Meles Zenawi and parliament to protest domestic violence.
    (SFC, 9/8/01, p.A9)

2001        Nov 4, Tesfaye Jifar of Ethiopia won the NYC Marathon in record time, 2:07:43. Margaret Okayo of Kenya set a woman’s record of 2:24:21.
    (WSJ, 11/5/01, p.A1)

2001        Nov 25, Ethiopia sent troops into the northeastern Somali region of Puntland to help Col. Abdullahi Yussuf regain power. Yussuf was overthrown Aug 26 after his 3-year term ended. On Nov 21 Yussuf launched an attack on Garoweh, the capital of Puntland.
    (SFC, 11/26/01, p.A11)

2002        Apr 13, The Eritrea Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC), established to determine the new border, released its report. The UN panel ruled in favor of Ethiopia on all territory contested with Eritrea. The ruling stated that Engal is in fact Eritrean. The decision would divide the minority ethnic Irob community, spread across the region, one of the few centers of Ethiopian Catholicism, introduced in the 19th century by Italian saint Justin de Jacobis. Ethiopia's rejection of the UN ruling on the demarcation of the border threw Addis Ababa's relations with Asmara into deadlock, prompting Eritrea to seal its borders.
    (www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/hornafrica.html#eri)(WSJ, 4/15/02, p.A1)(AFP, 7/20/18)

2002        Jun 29, In Ethiopia the army declared an important victory over rebels in western Ethiopia, killing 20 and capturing more than 200 others. But rebels rejected those claims, vowing to continue their fight.
    (AP, 6/29/02)

2002        Jul 19, Italy took steps to return the prized Axum obelisk to Ethiopia. The 1,700-year-old monument was hauled off by Italian forces after their 1937 invasion of the African country. It was returned in 2003.
    (AP, 7/20/02)(SSFC, 11/9/03, p.A2)

2002        Sep 7, The U.N. Security Council has decided to keep U.N. peacekeepers in Ethiopia and Eritrea six more months to give the countries time to mark their border.
    (AP, 9/7/02)

2002        Sep 30, The National Intelligence Council said China, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria and Russia will have 50-75 million HIV-infected people by 2010, more than any other 5 countries.
    (SFC, 10/1/02, p.A5)

2002        Dec 5, Kenya’s Pres. Moi and Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi met at the White House with Pres. Bush to discuss terrorism as well as drought, AIDS and other problems facing Africa.
    (AP, 12/6/02)

2003        Jan 17, The Strategic Partnership with Africa (SPA), made of 15 developed nations, international lending institutions and U.N. agencies, concluded its annual meeting in Addis Ababa. More than 20 developed nations, lending institutions and U.N. agencies agreed to increase aid to Africa.
    (AP, 1/17/03)

2003        Feb 15, It was reported that 11 million Ethiopians face famine due to drought affecting 15% of the nation’s harvest.
    (SFC, 2/15/03, p.A12)

2003          Feb 16, The Israeli Cabinet voted to allow about 17,000 Ethiopians with Jewish roots to come to Israel, lifting immigration restrictions on the group known as Falash Mura.
    (AP, 2/16/03)

2003        May 3, The Ethiopian drought was reported to be the worst in 2 decades with millions of people forced to stand in line each day for food.
    (SFC, 5/3/03, p.B8)

2003        May, Ethiopia began a $220 million relocation program for some 2 million people, who otherwise faced starvation. It was part of a $3.2 billion rescue plan financed by the government and donor groups to reverse dependency on int’l. aid.
    (SFC, 7/19/04, p.A1)

2003        Jul 2, The US was reported to be sending nearly 250,000 metric tons of wheat to Ethiopia to help ease the country's hunger crisis.
    (AP, 7/2/03)

2003        Oct 31, A wildlife expert said a rabies outbreak is threatening the few hundred remaining Ethiopian wolves, one of the world's rarest animals.
    (AP, 10/31/03)

2003        Nov 26, It was reported that a $50 million irrigation project on Ethiopia's Koga River, a tributary to the Blue Nile, would include a small dam.
    (WSJ, 11/26/03, p.A1)

2003        Dec 10, Ethiopian officials appealed for US$380 million for food and medicine to care for more than 7 million people who will go hungry next year if international aid doesn't make up for a chronic food shortfall.
    (AP, 12/10/03)

2003        Dec 29, The roof of a centuries-old Ethiopian church carved out of rock collapsed while it was packed with worshippers, killing at least 15 people. The 800-year-old Mewa Tsadkan Gabriel church was in a remote area some 310 miles northeast of the capital, Addis Ababa. It was built by King Lalibela, who ruled there from the late 12th century to the early 13th century.
    (AP, 1/3/04)

2004        Jan 30, In remote southwestern Ethiopia tribal fighting, sparked by a raid on a gold mine, began. Over the following week nearly 200 people were killed and some 10,000 others were forced to flee their homes.
    (AP, 2/11/04)

2004        Mar 3, Ethiopia was reported to have begun relocating hundreds of thousands of people from drought-prone areas to fertile lands to alleviate food shortages. Relocation began in May 2003 and many of the resettled people continued to face hunger, diarrhea and malaria. 
    (AP, 3/3/04)(SFC, 7/19/04, p.A1)

2004        May 25, In Ethiopia heads of state and government from at least 8 African countries attended a ceremony to inaugurate the new Peace and Security council (PSC) at the African Union's headquarters in Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 5/25/04)

2004        Jul 6, In Ethiopia a major summit of the two-year-old African Union opened in Addis Ababa in the presence of about 40 heads of state and government. The crisis in Darfur took centre stage.
    (AP, 7/6/04)

2004        Sep 21, The UN Children's Fund and the World Food Program launched a $123 million program to reduce the mortality rate of children in Ethiopia.
    (Reuters, 9/21/04)

2004        Oct 7, In Ethiopia British PM Tony Blair spoke before the Africa Commission and warned that poverty and instability in Africa is providing a fertile breeding ground for terror and criminal organizations.
    (AP, 10/7/04)

2004        Oct 21, An Ethiopian court sentenced three former rebels to death for killing dozens of people while rebel factions jockeyed for power in 1992. Iman Kelil Oumar was convicted for participating in the killings of 207 people; Beyan Ahmed Ousman was convicted of involvement in the murder of 205 people and Asli Ahmed, was found guilty of killing 89 people.
    (AP, 10/22/04)

2004        Nov 25, Ethiopia finally accepted a special commission's ruling designed to resolve a border dispute with Eritrea that sparked a devastating war between 1998 and 2000.
    (AFP, 11/25/04)

2005        Jan 4, Kelbessa Negewo (54), an Ethiopian immigrant suspected of torturing and murdering more than a dozen political opponents of the Ethiopian government in the 1970s, was arrested at his home near Atlanta. Negewo has lived in the US since fleeing Ethiopia in 1987.
    (Reuters, 1/4/05)

2005        Jan 25, Ethiopia’s government said it has began giving free doses of life-prolonging drugs to about 14,000 HIV-infected Ethiopians in a US-funded program.
    (AP, 1/25/05)

2005        Feb 4, Boeing said Ethiopian Airlines plans to acquire up to 10 of Boeing Co.'s new 787s at an overall cost of about $1.3 billion.
    (AP, 2/4/05)

2005        Feb, In Ethiopia hominid bones indicting bipedalism were discovered at a new site called Mille, in the northeastern Afar region. They were estimated to be 3.8-4 million years old.
    (AP, 3/6/05)

2005        Mar 24, A Human Rights Watch investigator said Ethiopian troops have committed widespread killings, rapes and torture of the tribal Anuak population in the southwestern corner of the country since late 2003.
    (AP, 3/24/05)

2005        Apr 14, Ethiopia police said authorities have seized more than 1,100 pounds of illegal ivory, stuffed animals and ostrich eggs that were destined for collectors abroad.
    (AP, 4/14/05)

2005        Apr 18, The Boston Marathon was won by Hailu Negusie of Ethiopia, 2:11:45; Catherine Ndereba of Kenya led the women, 2:25:13.
    (WSJ, 4/19/05, p.A1)

2005        Apr 19, Ethiopians welcomed the return of the first piece of a giant, 1,700-year-old granite obelisk that was looted from the African country 68 years ago by Italian troops.
    (AP, 4/19/05)

2005        Apr 24, Some 82 people died in floods that swept eastern Ethiopia on the weekend.
    (AP, 4/27/05)

2005        Apr 25, The 3rd and final piece of the Axum obelisk was returned to Ethiopia from Italy.
    (AP, 4/25/05)

2005        May 10, A leading human rights group said systematic political repression in Ethiopia's largest state has kept people there from freely participating in the country's third general election campaign on May 15.
    (AP, 5/10/05)

2005        May 15, Ethiopia held elections. EU monitors later said the elections did not meet int’l. standards. Ethiopia's opposition soon claimed major gains in the unprecedented open parliamentary election that drew a turnout of 90%. Post election violence left close to 200 people dead.
    (WSJ, 8/26/05, p.A1)(AP, 5/16/05)(AP, 12/22/09)

2005        May 17, Ethiopia's ruling party claimed to have won just over half the seats in parliamentary elections, but opposition leaders said it was still too early to tell who would form the next government.
    (AP, 5/17/05)

2005        May 18, Ethiopia's two main opposition parties claimed victory in parliamentary elections seen as a test of the African nation's commitment to democracy, saying they have won enough seats to form a government.
    (AP, 5/18/05)

2005        May 28, In Ethiopia provisional results showed that the ruling coalition and its allies won a majority in parliamentary elections, but the opposition made significant gains.
    (AP, 5/28/05)

2005        Jun 6, In Ethiopia one girl was killed and seven people were wounded in violence over disputed election results that gave the ruling party control of parliament.
    (AP, 6/7/05)

2005        Jun 7, In Ethiopia police raided a technical college in Addis Ababa, firing rubber bullets and beating up students defying a government ban on protests during a 2nd day of violence.
    (AP, 6/7/05)

2005        Jun 8, Security forces opened fire on stone-throwing demonstrators in Ethiopia, killing 26 people in a third day of protests over election results.
    (AP, 6/8/05)(WSJ, 6/10/05, p.A1)

2005        Jun 11,Two Ethiopian opposition leaders were placed under arrest, a day after the ruling party agreed to work with its foes to end violent protests that have left 29 dead.
    (AP, 6/11/05)

2005        Jun 13, Ethiopia's main opposition leader was freed from house arrest after the country's main political parties agreed to work together for peace after 10 days of political unrest left at least 37 people dead.
    (AP, 6/14/05)
2005        Jun 13, In Ethiopia police shot and killed an opposition politician, prompting the arrest of six officers, as the government rejected an opposition offer to renew a peace deal.
    (AP, 6/14/05)

2005        Jun 15, A US-based human rights group said thousands of people have been arrested across Ethiopia following violent clashes in which police killed 36 people.
    (AP, 6/15/05)

2005        Jun 28, In Ethiopia police arrested four independent newspaper editors on criminal charges of defaming the military. They were detained for seven hours and later released on bail. The arrests stem from reports in their Amharic-language weeklies about Ethiopian air force pilots who sought political asylum while training in Belarus.
    (AP, 6/29/05)

2005        Jul 12, A raid by hundreds of Ethiopian bandits on a remote village in northern Kenya, left at least 45 people dead, including more than two dozen children. Kenyan security forces pursued the bandits, who numbered between 300 and 500, and killed 16 of them.
    (AP, 7/14/05)

2005        Jul 24, In Ethiopia 6 separate bombings hit across the country's ethnic Somali province. A 5-year-old girl was among those killed in the wave of violence, which took place before a voter registration drive.
    (AP, 7/27/05)

2005        Jul 27, In Ethiopia state media reported that police had arrested 25 people in connection with a series of bombings that killed five and injured 31 in an apparent attempt to disrupt elections in an eastern province.
    (AP, 7/27/05)

2005        Aug 9, In Ethiopia the National Electoral Board released results for the May 15 election. The ruling coalition captured a majority in parliamentary elections shadowed by fraud allegations and deadly violence.
    (AP, 8/9/05)

2005        Aug 21, Voting in eastern Ethiopia ended peacefully, as elite forces, pro-government militia and police patrolled streets to secure the region's delayed elections. Dr. Berhanu Nega (b.1958) was elected mayor of Addis Ababa. He was jailed in Kaliti Prison following riots in October from where he authored a book entitled “Dawn of Freedom.” Nega, the founder of Ginbot 7, was sentenced to death in absentia in 2009 after he moved to exile in the US.
    (AP, 8/22/05)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berhanu_Nega)(Econ, 10/28/06, p.56)(AP, 9/15/11)

2005        Aug 26, The UN food relief agency said that it's battling to feed 90,000 Eritrean and Ethiopian refugees displaced in eastern Sudan mainly due to a serious funding shortfall.
    (AP, 8/27/05)

2005        Sep 2, Provisional results indicated that Ethiopia's ruling party won all 31 seats being contested in repeat elections following fraud allegations.
    (AP, 9/2/05)

2005        Sep 19-2005 Sep 29, In Ethiopia authorities arrested 859 opposition members across the country and security forces killed one opposition member in the Amhara region, 250 miles south of the capital, Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 9/29/05)

2005        Sep 20, Hundreds of Ethiopians who claim their ancestors were forced to convert from Judaism began a three-day hunger strike at a prayer house to press the Israeli government to let them migrate to the Jewish state.
    (AP, 9/21/05)

2005        Sep, The TV show “Ethiopian Idols” began in Ethiopia. Judges planned to whittle 2,000 contestants down to 96 and then let the public elect a winner.
    (SFC, 1/9/06, p.A2)

2005        Oct 4, The UN Security Council warned Ethiopia and Eritrea against reigniting their border war and urged Eritrea to immediately reverse its ban on all helicopter flights by UN peacekeepers.
    (AP, 10/4/05)

2005        Oct 19, The International Organization for Migration (IMO) said "Ethiopian women and girls who migrate to Lebanon, Egypt, Yemen and Saudi Arabia suffer from maltreatment, physical, sexual and emotional abuses," in a report based on interviews with 443 women returning from the region.
    (AP, 10/20/05)

2005        Nov 1, In Ethiopia riot police clashed with dozens of opposition supporters in Addis Ababa, fatally shooting at least five people and wounding some 20 others in renewed protests of the disputed May elections.
    (AP, 11/1/05)

2005        Nov 2, In Ethiopia clashes between police and protesters erupted in gunfire and grenade explosions, with police killing at least 33 people during a second day of renewed protests of disputed elections.
    (AP, 11/2/05)

2005        Nov 3, In Ethiopia police shot and killed three people and wounded 12 others in a fourth day of protests against disputed parliamentary elections.
    (AP, 11/3/05)

2005        Nov 4, Gunfire echoed sporadically around Addis Ababa for a fourth day as reports emerged that unrest had spread beyond the capital, a development likely to deepen international concern for Ethiopia's stability.
    (Reuters, 11/4/05)

2005        Nov 5, In northern Ethiopia 2 people were reported killed after a fifth day of political unrest that has shaken confidence in the vast African nation's stability.
    (AP, 11/5/05)

2005        Nov 6, The EU and US urged Ethiopia to end its crackdown on independent journalists and release opposition leaders detained during a week of bloody clashes between demonstrators and police.
    (AP, 11/7/05)

2005        Nov 9, Ethiopia’s PM Meles Zenawi said that opposition leaders and newspaper editors under detention will face treason charges, which carry the death penalty in Ethiopia, for their alleged roles in protests last week in which at least 46 people were killed.
    (AP, 11/9/05)

2005        Nov 12, Ethiopia said it has released another 1,721 people detained in a massive round-up during clashes between police and protesters earlier this month which left at least 42 people dead.
    (AP, 11/13/05)
2005        Nov 12, Africa Union leaders from Algeria, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa and Senegal met in Abuja for a 2-day summit titled: "Africa and the challenges of the global order: Desirability of union government," with the leaders discussing the broad principles of integration.
    (AFP, 11/12/05)

2005        Dec 8, An Ethiopian court sentenced to death Major Melaku Tefera, one of Marxist dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam's top soldiers, for genocide and abetting the murder of 971 people during the country's 1977-78 "Red Terror" campaign.
    (AP, 12/09/05)

2005        Dec 21, An international panel, formed to resolve disputes between Eritrea and Ethiopia, said Eritrea violated int’l. law when it invaded the north of Ethiopia in May 1998.
    (AFP, 12/22/05)

2005        Dec 28, A group of 131 detained Ethiopian opposition figures and journalists refused en masse to plead on treason and other serious charges.
    (AFP, 12/28/05)

2005        Dec 29, Ethiopia’s government said a plan by Western donors to withhold $375 million in aid from Ethiopia over the government's crackdown on opposition supporters would have an "insignificant" impact on its budget. Diplomats said the money would be reallocated to the UN and aid agencies working to combat poverty in Ethiopia.
    (Reuters, 12/29/05)(SFC, 12/30/05, p.A3)
2005        Dec 29, Drought was reported to have triggered extreme food shortages in the East African countries of Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia, putting millions of people at risk of famine as the lean dry season approaches.
    (AP, 12/30/05)

2005        In Ethiopia police under PM Meles Zenawi shot dead some 200 civilians following the disputed general elections.
    (Econ, 8/15/09, p.43)
2005        Ethiopian shoemaker Bethlehem Tilahun Alemu launched her SoleRebels shoes. Her eco-friendly "SoleRebels" brand of footwear, were made of recycled tires and traditional woven fabric. The brand took its name from the type of footwear favored by Ethiopian rebel fighters in the country's recent troubled past.
    (AFP, 10/11/09)
2005        Ethiopia’s population stood at about 75 million.
    (Econ, 8/13/05, p.38)

2006        Jan 1, East African leaders said that millions of people in the region faced hunger because poor rains had affected vital crops and pasture. Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania faced acute food shortages.
    (AP, 1/1/06)

2006        Jan 9, The US launched a diplomatic initiative to try to mark the contested border between Ethiopia and Eritrea, a dispute that led to a 2 1/2-year war in an area where both countries are again massing troops.
    (AP, 1/9/06)

2006        Jan 13, A battle for livestock between Ethiopian and Kenyan nomads left 38 people dead in drought-stricken northern Kenya, in the remote village of Lokamarinyang, along the Kenya-Ethiopia border. The fighting killed 30 of the Dongiro raiders and eight Kenyans, all of them women and children. A drought that has impoverished some 11.5 million people in the area, most of them nomads, has exacerbated tensions between the tribes.
    (AP, 1/19/06)

2006        Jan 20, In Ethiopia at least two people were killed and 36 injured, three seriously, after commotion erupted in Addis Ababa on the final day of celebrations marking the 2-day Orthodox Epiphany, or Timkat.
    (AP, 1/20/06)

2006        Jan 31, An international human rights group said thousands of school and college students have been detained over the past three months in continued unrest in Ethiopia.
    (AP, 1/31/06)

2006        Mar 10, Legal experts from Ethiopia and Eritrea flew to London for talks with international mediators to discuss demarcating their common border.
    (Reuters, 3/10/06)

2006        Mar 22, An Ethiopia court dropped charges of treason, attempted genocide and other crimes against 18 people, including five Voice of America journalists, accused of attempting to overthrow the government.
    (AP, 3/22/06)

2006        Mar 27, In Ethiopia a series of blasts killed one person and injured several others in Addis Ababa, the first fatality in a string of mysterious explosions in the capital.
    (AP, 3/27/06)

2006        Apr 30, In Ethiopia visiting Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi has said he backed plans for an expanded United Nations Security Council, adding that he would present his country's position at the African Union (AU) headquarters in Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 4/30/06)

2006        May 12, In Ethiopia 9 bombs exploded in Addis Ababa, killing 4 people and wounding at least 26.
    (AP, 5/12/06)(WSJ, 5/13/06, p.A1)

2006        May 27, In Ethiopia 3 blasts in the town of Jijiga injured 42 people.
    (Reuters, 5/29/06)

2006        May 31, The UN Security Council cut the number of peacekeepers deployed in Eritrea and Ethiopia by at least one-third while extending the UN mission's mandate for another four months.
    (AP, 5/31/06)

2006        Jun 27, Ethiopia claimed to have killed more than 110 rebels allegedly sent by arch-foe Horn of Africa neighbor Eritrea to destabilize the country since the beginning of the month. Eritrea flatly rejected the claim.
    (AP, 6/27/06)

2006        Jul 1, About 100 Ethiopian troops entered the Somali border town of Beled-Hawo in eight military vehicles, the latest sign that Ethiopia might try to bolster this country's weak interim government as an Islamic militia gains increasing power.
    (AP, 7/1/06)

2006        Jul 20, Residents of central Somalia said that hundreds of Ethiopian troops were patrolling the town of Baidoa in armored vehicles, less than a day after Islamic militants moved near the base of the weak, UN-backed government.
    (AP, 7/20/06)

2006        Jul 21, An Islamic militia leader called for a holy war against Ethiopian troops protecting Somalia's weak UN-backed government.
    (AP, 7/21/06)

2006        Jul 22, Ethiopian troops sent to bolster Somalia's weak government against a powerful Islamic militia moved into a second Somali town and seized a strategic airport.
    (AP, 7/22/06)

2020        Jul, In Ethiopia at least three broadcasters linked to the opposition, only one of which had aired calls for violence, were closed this month.
    (Econ., 9/19/20, p.46)

2006        Aug 6, In eastern Ethiopia over 250 people were killed by flooding in Dire Dawa. As many as 300 remained missing.
    (Reuters, 8/8/06)(AP, 8/11/06)
2006        Aug 6, A government spokesman said Somalia's top interim leaders have agreed to end a rift threatening the fragile administration after crisis talks led by Seyoum Mesfin, Ethiopia's foreign affairs minister.
    (Reuters, 8/6/06)

2006        Aug 8, Eritrea announced that Brigadier General Kemal Gelchu, a dissident Ethiopian general, had defected to Eritrea, said that he would be joining the OLF to fight for his Oromo people's rights.
    (Econ, 8/19/06, p.44)

2006        Aug 9, Ethiopia’s army killed 13 rebels and caught other commanders of the eastern Ogaden National Liberation Front, a separatist movement, after they crossed from Somalia.
    (Reuters, 8/12/06)

2006        Aug 11, North Kenya authorities said they caught at least 45 sympathizers or members of the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), a small Ethiopian group operating on the border. Ethiopia reported having shot dead 11 Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLH) fighters.
    (Reuters, 8/11/06)(Econ, 8/19/06, p.44)

2006        Aug 14, In southern Ethiopia torrential rains spilled a river from its banks. At least 900 people died as continuing rains submerged five villages, knocked down grain silos and swept away cattle. Tens of thousands were marooned by the waters.
    (AFP, 8/15/06)(Reuters, 8/17/06)

2006        Aug 18, In southwest Ethiopia search and rescue teams kept up frantic efforts to save thousands marooned by fatal flash floods, where relief workers reported near-total devastation. Some 73,000 people had been affected by raging waters from unusually heavy seasonal rains.
    (AFP, 8/18/06)

2006        Aug 22, Ethiopia began releasing water from dams taxed by two weeks of heavy rain to prevent them from bursting as the confirmed death toll from devastating floods climbed to 626.
    (AP, 8/22/06)
2006        Aug 22, Ethiopian troops reportedly arrived in the central Somali town of Galkayo. The move may stoke tensions with the Islamic militiamen who control most of southern Somalia. They were seen inside the town in 13 vehicles.
    (AP, 8/22/06)

2006        Aug 31, Sen. Barack Obama, D-Ill., visited a sprawling tent camp in eastern Ethiopia for people displaced by devastating floods earlier this month, saying the US military will continue to help the region.
    (AP, 8/31/06)

2006        Sep 25, Somalia's interim prime minister called on the UN to partially lift an arms embargo on his country to allow for the deployment of African peacekeepers, which he said are necessary to stop the advance of Islamic radicals. Ethiopian troops arrived in Somalia to support the internationally recognized government in its faceoff with radicals. The Islamic militia in the seaport of Kismayo opened fire on thousands protesting the fundamentalists' takeover of the southern town. Witnesses said a teenager was killed.
    (AP, 9/25/06)(SFC, 9/26/06, p.A3)

2006        Sep 29, The UN Security Council extended the mandate of peacekeepers in Eritrea and Ethiopia by four months, and threatened to overhaul the mission if the two sides don't make progress toward demarcating their border.
    (AP, 9/29/06)

2006        Sep, In Ethiopia Shane Etzenhouser, an American software developer, premiered “Tsehai Loves Learning,” an educational TV show for kids featuring a female giraffe with an insatiable thirst for knowledge.
    (SFC, 12/28/06, p.E1)

2006        Oct 5, In Ethiopia Alemayehu Fantu, a businessman, was arrested and charged with distributing calendars with pictures of opposition leaders. The calendars called for non-violent civil disobedience to bring down the government.
    (Econ, 10/28/06, p.56)

2006        Oct 8, Authorities in northeastern Somalia repatriated more than 1,000 Ethiopians whom smugglers were preparing to take across the Gulf of Aden to the promise of jobs and a better life in the Middle East.
    (AP, 10/8/06)

2006        Oct 9, The Islamic militia that has seized much southern Somalia declared a holy war against Ethiopia accusing its neighbor of deploying thousands of troops to prop up the weak UN-backed government.
    (SFC, 10/10/06, p.A3)

2006        Oct 16, The UN accused Eritrea of moving 1,500 troops and 14 tanks into a buffer zone established after a 2 1/2-year border war with Ethiopia in "a major breach" of a cease-fire agreement reached in 2000.
    (AP, 10/16/06)

2006        Oct 18, In Ethiopia a senior judge appointed to investigate 2005 post-election violence said Ethiopian security forces massacred 193 people, triple the official death toll. Six policemen were also killed in the June and November 2005 riots, bringing the overall death toll to 199.
    (AP, 10/18/06)

2006        Oct 19, Ethiopia's PM Meles Zenawi told parliament that he had sent military trainers to help Somalia's struggling government, but had not deployed a fighting force. Yalemzewd Bekele, a human rights lawyer working for the European Commission in Addis Ababa, was arrested at the border with Kenya. Her arrest was likely related to the Oct 5 arrest of businessman Alemayehu Fantu.
    (AP, 10/19/06)(Econ, 10/28/06, p.28)

2006        Oct 24, Ethiopia’s PM Meles Zenawi said Ethiopia was "technically" at war with Somalia's Islamists because they had declared jihad on his nation.
    (AP, 10/24/06)

2006        Oct 26, The charity organization Oxfam accused coffee house chain Starbucks of blocking attempts by Ethiopia to trademark three coffee bean types and thereby denying farmers substantial income.
    (AP, 10/26/06)

2006        Oct 29, Somalia's Islamic group broke off peace talks with the transitional government, demanding that Ethiopian troops withdraw from the country.
    (AP, 10/29/06)

2006        Oct 31, In Ethiopia 4 days of devastating floods along the eastern border killed dozens of people and prowling crocodiles hampered rescue efforts as rain continued to fall.
    (AP, 10/31/06)

2006        Nov 1, In Lawrenceville, Ga., Khalid Adem (30), an Ethiopian immigrant, was convicted of genital mutilation of his 2-year-old daughter. He was sentenced to 10 years in prison.
    (SFC, 11/2/06, p.A3)

2006        Nov 6, Hundreds of Israelis of Ethiopian descent clashed with police and briefly blocked a main road leading into Jerusalem in a protest of the Health Ministry's wholesale discarding of donated Ethiopian blood.
    (AP, 11/6/06)
2006        Nov 6, In northern Somalia Islamic fighters clashed with government militia backed by Ethiopian forces.
    (SFC, 11/7/06, p.A18)

2006        Nov 7, An independent commission said it will demarcate the contested Ethiopian-Eritrean border on maps and leave the rival nations to establish the physical boundary themselves. It said both Ethiopian and Eritrean officials were invited to a November 20 meeting in The Hague to discuss the procedure.
    (Reuters, 11/14/06)

2006        Nov 15, Eritrean President Issaias Afeworki said the simmering border row between arch-foes Eritrea and Ethiopia is a "solved problem."
    (AFP, 11/15/06)

2006        Nov 16, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan worked with key African, Arab, European leaders in Ethiopia to break the deadlock over worsening violence in Sudan's Darfur region. UN humanitarian chief Jan Egeland arrived in Darfur to find security so bad he could not visit the camps outside el-Geneina town housing tens of thousands of displaced Darfuris.
    (Reuters, 11/16/06)(AP, 11/16/06)

2006        Nov 17, UN aid bodies said torrential rains and floods have hit up to 1.8 million people in the Horn of Africa, driving tens of thousands from their homes and threatening to trigger epidemics. Torrential rains have pounded the Horn of Africa this month, bringing misery to large parts of Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan and Eritrea.
    (AP, 11/17/06)

2006        Nov 19, In Somalia Islamic fighters used land mines and ambushed an 80-vehicle Ethiopian military convoy headed to Baidoa killing 6 soldiers and injuring 20.
    (SFC, 11/20/06, p.A3)

2006        Nov 20, Eritrea and Ethiopia both rejected plans by a UN-appointed border panel to demarcate their contentious frontier on paper.
    (AFP, 11/21/06)

2006        Nov 22, The administrator of Ethiopia’s zoo in Addis Ababa said their rare Abyssinian lion cubs were being poisoned and sold to taxidermists because there was not enough money to care for them. It was estimated that only 1000 of the animals remained in the wild.
    (SFC, 11/24/06, p.A23)

2006        Nov 28, Ethiopia’s PM Meles Zenawi met with Jim Donald, the CEO of Starbucks, but no deal was reached on branding local coffee. Ethiopia ranked 97th in the World Bank’s latest “ease of doing business” index. Transparency Int’l. ranked it 130th on its corruption-perceptions index.
    (Econ, 12/2/06, p.67)

2006        Nov 30, In Somalia a car blast killed 9 people near the Somali government seat of Baidoa in an attack the administration blamed on Islamists backed by al Qaeda. An attack on Ethiopian troops left 20 dead.
    (AFP, 12/1/06)(WSJ, 12/1/06, p.A1)

2006        Dec 12, Ethiopia’s former dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam, in exile in Zimbabwe since 1992, was convicted of genocide and other charges in a rare case of an African strongman being held to account by his own country.
    (AP, 12/12/06)
2006        Dec 12, Somalia’s PM Ali Mohamed Gedi said thousands of Islamic militants have surrounded Baidoa, the only town the internationally recognized government controls, as a top Islamic official promised to attack within a week unless Ethiopian troops leave.
    (AP, 12/12/06)

2006        Dec 22, In Somalia Ethiopian attack helicopters and tanks headed for battle as fighting raged for a fourth day between Somalia's Islamic militia and the country's secular government.
    (AP, 12/22/06)

2006        Dec 23, Somalia's Islamic militants called on foreign Muslim fighters to join their holy war against Ethiopian troops after days of fighting killed hundreds of people and threatened to engulf the region.
    (AP, 12/23/06)

2006        Dec 24, Ethiopia launched an attack on Somalia's powerful Islamic movement, sending fighter jets across the border and bombarding several towns in a major escalation of the violence that threatens to engulf the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia's PM Meles Zenawi said his country had been "forced to enter a war."
    (AP, 12/24/06)(AP, 12/24/07)

2006        Dec 25, Ethiopian fighter jets bombed Somalia's main airport, the first direct attack on the city that serves as the headquarters of an Islamic movement attempting to wrest power from the internationally recognized government.
    (AP, 12/25/06)

2006        Dec 26, Islamic fighters retreated as Somali government and Ethiopian troops advanced on three fronts in a decisive turn in the battle for control of this Horn of Africa nation. Ethiopia’s PM Meles Zenawi said up to 1,000 of the religious movement's fighters had been killed.
    (AP, 12/26/06)(WSJ, 12/27/06, p.A1)

2006        Dec 27, Ethiopian and Somali government troops drove Islamic fighters out of the last major town on the road to Mogadishu, the Islamist-held capital.
    (AP, 12/27/06)

2006        Dec 30, Thousands of Somali and Ethiopian troops set off for a showdown with Islamic forces who have regrouped at a southern seaport since abandoning the Somali capital.
    (AP, 12/30/06)

2006        Dec 31, Fighting erupted on the outskirts of the last remaining stronghold of Somalia's militant Islamic movement, as thousands of residents streamed from the area ahead of the feared battle with Ethiopian-backed government troops.
    (AP, 12/31/06)

2006        Ethiopia’s economy struggled with exports of $1 billion vs. imports of $5 billion. Food prices in Addis Ababa rose by 27%.
    (Econ, 2/24/07, p.57)
2006        In Ethiopia singer Teddy Afro (Tewodros Kassahun) was arrested for an alleged hit-and-run incident. He was jailed in April, 2008. His supporters said he was jailed for his 3rd album “Yasteseryal,” released just before the 2005 elections, which contained songs comparing the regime of Pres. Meles to a brutal junta. He was released on August 13, 2009.
    (Econ, 8/22/09, p.43)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teddy_Afro)

2007        Jan 1, Somali government troops backed by Ethiopian tanks and fighter jets captured the last major stronghold of a militant Islamic movement, while hundreds of Islamic fighters, many of them Arabs and South Asians, fled the town. Somalia’s PM Ali Mohamed Gedi set a 3-day deadline for gun collection in Mogadishu.
    (AP, 1/1/07)(SFC, 1/3/07, p.A3)

2007        Jan 2, Ethiopian helicopters pursuing Somali Islamists missed their target and bombed a Kenyan border post, prompting Kenyan fighter planes to rush to the area. The gun collection program in Mogadishu began with little response. 2 Ethiopian soldiers were shot dead.
    (AFP, 1/2/07)(SFC, 1/3/07, p.A3)(Econ, 1/6/07, p.41)

2007        Jan 3, Kenya sent extra troops to its border with Somalia to keep Islamic militants from entering the country after Ethiopian helicopters attacked a Kenyan border post by mistake while pursuing suspected fighters.
    (AP, 1/3/07)

2007        Jan 4, A Somali government spokesman said government troops, backed by Ethiopian soldiers, were fighting about 600 Islamic militiamen in the south.
    (AP, 1/4/07)

2007        Jan 11, Former Ethiopian dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam was sentenced to life imprisonment, ending his 12-year trial in absentia for genocide and other crimes committed during his iron-fisted rule (1974-1991). Mariam lived comfortably in exile in Zimbabwe, where Pres. Robert Mugabe has said he won't deport Mengistu if he refrains from political activity.
    (AP, 1/11/07)

2007        Jan 15, Somali troops and allied Ethiopian soldiers conducted house-to-house searches, pursuing gunmen who carried out an attack in the northeastern part of the capital.
    (AP, 1/15/07)

2007        Jan 20, The last major warlord in Somalia surrendered his weapons and 200 militiamen to the army, while an Islamic leader claimed responsibility for a string of guerrilla attacks and promised there would be more until the government agreed to talks. An Ethiopian military convoy was ambushed in a new round of deadly violence in the Somali capital Mogadishu, hours after the African Union agreed to send peacekeepers to the war-torn country.
    (AP, 1/20/07)(AFP, 1/20/07)

2007        Jan 23, Ethiopian troops who helped Somalia's government drive out a radical Islamic militia began withdrawing in military trucks and tanks.
    (AP, 1/23/07)

2007        Jan 25, In southern Somalia gunmen attacked Ethiopian soldiers stationed there, killing one and wounding another.
    (AP, 1/25/07)

2007        Jan 30, The African Union summit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, ended with a proposed peacekeeping force for Somalia still lacking firm commitments for thousands of troops.
    (Reuters, 1/30/07)

2007        Feb 12, A vessel smuggling 120 people across the Gulf of Aden from Somalia to Yemen capsized as it approached the coast. At least 30 Somali and Ethiopian migrants trying to reach the Arabian peninsula drowned.
    (AP, 2/13/07)

2007        Feb 13, In Ethiopia federal police said weekend clashes between Garbo and Borena nomads in the southeastern Oromia region with least 16 people killed. The clashes erupted after cattle were stolen from a rival group, sparking fresh revenge attacks.
    (AFP, 2/13/07)

2007        Feb 14, In Ethiopia US former president Jimmy Carter announced distribution of thousands of insecticide-treated mosquito nets, in a drive that could save up to 100,000 lives annually.
    (AFP, 2/14/07)

2007        Feb 16, US coffee giant Starbucks, locked in a trademark tussle with Ethiopia, said it will not oppose Addis Ababa's bid to brand its coffee in America and pledged to pursue dialogue over the matter.
    (AP, 2/16/07)
2007        Feb 16, A Yemeni official said a boat loaded with Somali and Ethiopian migrants capsized in the Gulf of Aden during a night crossing in which at least 112 people died.
    (AP, 2/16/07)

2007        Feb 18, Fierce inter-clan fighting killed at least 43 people in Ethiopia's southeastern Ogaden region, inhabited mainly by ethnic Somalis.
    (AFP, 2/19/07)

2007        Feb 21, In Ethiopia the UN humanitarian office said that 684 people have died in a diarrhea epidemic and that neighboring countries were also affected. Ethiopia’s government has refused to declare the phenomenon as a cholera epidemic, preferring to refer to it as "acute watery diarrhea."
    (AFP, 2/22/07)

2007        Mar 1, In northern Ethiopia 15 European tourists were kidnapped in the Afar desert. The ARDUF has been fighting for years against Ethiopia and Eritrea over lands inhabited by ethnic Afar.
    (AP, 3/2/07)

2007        Mar 3, Britain sent a crisis team to Ethiopia in an effort to obtain the release of five British embassy workers or their relatives who were kidnapped along with a group of French while on a trip to remote northeastern Ethiopia. An Ethiopian administrator accused Eritrean forces of kidnapping a group of five Europeans and 13 Ethiopians in a remote part of Ethiopia, and taking them to a military camp near the Eritrean border. Several Ethiopians who were kidnapped along with five Britons touring the African country's remote northeast were found.
    (AP, 3/3/07)(Reuters, 3/3/07)(AP, 3/4/07)

2007        Mar 4, In Ethiopia a group of French tourists who had also been missing since March 1 arrived in Mekele, the Afar region's capital, and said they had not been kidnapped, as was previously believed. Eritrea denied accusations that it was behind the disappearance of five kidnapped Britons.
    (AP, 3/4/07)

2007        Mar 6, In eastern Ethiopia 2 US troops were reported killed and another injured in a single-vehicle traffic accident.
    (AP, 3/6/07)

2007        Mar 9, Ethiopia's foreign minister said 5 European tourists who went missing last week in northeastern Ethiopia are being held by kidnappers in a remote tribal region.
    (AP, 3/9/07)

2007        Mar 13, Five Europeans, kidnapped in Ethiopia and held captive for 13 days, were released in good health in Eritrea. 8 Ethiopians kidnapped with the group were still missing.
    (AP, 3/14/07)(WSJ, 3/14/07, p.A1)

2007        Mar 16, Ethiopia called for international pressure to be applied on Eritrea, which it accuses of holding eight Ethiopians still missing after the release of five European captives.
    (AP, 3/16/07)

2007        Mar 22, Somali and Ethiopian troops battled insurgents for a second day in Mogadishu. The Somali government said Al-Qaeda has named Aden Hashi Ayro, a ruthless Islamist commander, as its leader in Mogadishu.
    (AP, 3/22/07)(AFP, 3/22/07)

2007        Mar 23, A human rights group said Kenya has deported more than 100 people from 19 countries to Somalia after they crossed the border between the two countries illegally during fighting earlier this year, and the deportees were subsequently arrested by Ethiopian troops.
    (AP, 3/23/07)

2007        Mar 29, Somali troops and their Ethiopian allies pounded insurgent positions in Mogadishu with bombs and tank shells, sending residents fleeing a surge in fighting that killed over 30 people including 7 Ethiopian soldiers.
    (AP, 3/29/07)(SFC, 3/30/07, p.A20)

2007        Mar-2000 Apr, Ethiopia later said that during this period it killed at least a thousand Shabab fighters, the armed wing of Islamic courts in Somalia. Human-rights groups said most of the 1,670 recorded dead were civilians.
    (Econ, 6/2/07, p.47)

2007        Apr 2, In Somalia a human rights organization said fierce fighting between Ethiopian-backed government forces and Islamic insurgents has killed 381 people over four days.
    (AP, 4/2/07)

2007        Apr 3, An AP investigation said CIA and FBI agents hunting for al-Qaida militants in the Horn of Africa have been interrogating terrorism suspects from 19 countries held at secret prisons in Ethiopia, which is notorious for torture and abuse.
    (AP, 4/3/07)

2007        Apr 5, The US pressed Ethiopia for details on detainees from 19 nations taken to secret prisons there and interrogated by CIA and FBI agents.
    (WSJ, 4/6/07, p.A1)

2007        Apr 7, The New York Times reported in its Sunday edition that the Bush administration in January allowed Ethiopia to complete a secret arms purchase from North Korea in an apparent violation of a UN Security Council sanctions resolution passed months earlier over its nuclear test.
    (Reuters, 4/7/07)

2007        Apr 9, An Ethiopian judge freed 25 journalists charged in a treason trial involving more than 100 opposition figures that has drawn international criticism as being politically motivated.
    (Reuters, 4/9/07)

2007        Apr 10, The Ethiopian government acknowledged detaining 41 suspected international terrorists from 17 countries and said foreign investigators were given permission to question them. A statement said 29 of the suspects have been ordered released by a Military Court and five already have been freed.
    (AP, 4/10/07)

2007        Apr 11, In Somalia Ethiopian-backed government troops and Islamic insurgents exchanged gunfire in northern Mogadishu, killing three people and ending more than a week of relative calm.
    (AP, 4/11/07)

2007        Apr 19, In Somalia fighting between Ethiopian troops and insurgents left at least 12 people dead in Mogadishu, while a suicide car bomb exploded at an Ethiopian army base.
    (AP, 4/20/07)

2007        Apr 21, In Somalia heavy fighting between Islamic insurgents and Ethiopian troops backing the government left at least 52 civilians dead in Mogadishu.
    (AP, 4/21/07)

2007        Apr 22, Government officials said 8 Ethiopians held hostage for 52 days after they were kidnapped along with five European tourists have been released unharmed. The ex-hostages later told Ethiopian television that they had been mistreated by their captors, who wore Eritrean army uniforms.
    (AP, 4/22/07)(AFP, 4/27/07)

2007        Apr 24, In Ethiopia Ogaden rebels raided a Chinese-run oil field near the Somali border, killing 65 Ethiopians and nine Chinese workers. An Ethiopian rebel group claimed responsibility. The next day Ethiopia blamed Eritrea for the attack. Eritrea issued a swift, angry denial. In 2008 security forces arrested eight men suspected of involvement in the deadly raid.
    (AP, 4/24/07)(AP, 4/25/07)(WSJ, 4/25/07, p.A1)(AFP, 3/30/08)

2007        Apr 25, In Somalia civilians were caught in the crossfire as the government's Ethiopian backers used tanks and heavy artillery to pound insurgent strongholds. Human rights groups said more than 350 people have been killed in the last eight days, the majority civilians.
    (AP, 4/25/07)

2007        Apr 26, Ethiopian rebels holding seven Chinese oil workers captured during an attack this week on an oil venture in Ethiopia said they would release them "as soon as possible."
    (AP, 4/26/07)

2007        Apr 28, China's ZTE signed a $200 million deal with Ethiopia's state-owned Telecom Corp.
    (AFP, 4/30/07)

2007        Apr 29, In Ethiopia 7 Chinese oil workers and two Africans kidnapped during a rebel attack on a Chinese oil field near the Somali border were released.
    (AP, 4/29/07)

2007        May 9, Saudi authorities beheaded an Ethiopian woman convicted of killing an Egyptian man over a dispute. Khadija Bint Ibrahim Moussa was the second woman to be executed this year. The kingdom last beheaded two women in 2005. Beheadings are carried out with a sword in a public square.
    (AP, 5/9/07)

2007        May 17, The World Bank said that it and the European Commission and six other donors have committed $780 million to support basic services and transparency in Ethiopia.
    (AP, 5/17/07)

2007        May 18, In Ethiopia 3 Swedish citizens were released after spending five months in jail. The three were among dozens of foreigners detained earlier this year as terror suspects.
    (AP, 5/19/07)

2007        May 21, Ethiopian troops backing Somalia's fragile government killed one person and wounded another after their convoy was targeted by a land mine in Mogadishu. Two Ethiopian rebel groups, the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) and the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF), said they have killed 157 troops in the east of the country this month.
    (AP, 5/21/07)(AFP, 5/22/07)

2007        May 25, In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, China and the African Union launched a 150-million-dollar project to build a new conference centre for the cash-strapped continental body.
    (AFP, 5/25/07)

2007        May 28, A blast ripped through a crowd in Ethiopia's volatile Somali region, killing 6 people and setting off a stampede that saw up to six more die. The attack happened as hundreds of people were gathered at the stadium in Jijiga town's Revolutionary Square for a ceremony marking the overthrow of Ethiopia's former dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam. In 2008 an Ethiopian court sentenced to death 8 alleged members of the Ogaden National Liberation Force (ONLF) for the attack.
    (Reuters, 5/28/07)(AFP, 5/22/08)

2007        May 29, Ethiopia began counting its population, a daunting task in a country where asking personal questions is considered socially taboo.
    (AP, 5/29/07)

2007        May 30, In Somalia Ethiopian troops shot and killed five bystanders after a land mine exploded as their convoy passed through the center of a western Somali town.
    (AP, 5/30/07)

2007        May 31, A wildlife expert said a thousand rare black-mane lions, an Ethiopian national symbol, and some 300 elephants are in danger after a swathe of forest that was part of their sanctuary was cut down.
    (Reuters, 5/31/07)

2007        Jun 4, In Somalia Ethiopian troops fired at a would-be suicide bomber speeding toward their base, blowing up the car and killing the bomber and a civilian standing nearby.
    (AP, 6/4/07)

2007        Jun 6, A government prosecutor said Ethiopia has charged 55 opposition members with trying to launch a rebellion. More than one hundred opposition figures were already on trial, accused of plotting a coup after disputed 2005 elections.
    (AFP, 6/6/07)

2007        Jun 9, Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi said his government had launched a crackdown on a rebel group blamed for several attacks in the country's eastern Ogaden region. It was reported that the World Food Program and others were launching the Ethiopian Commodities Exchange (ECEX).
    (AFP, 6/9/07)(Econ, 6/9/07, p.54)

2007        Jun 11, An Ethiopian court convicted 38 opposition activists in a trial stemming from violent unrest that followed disputed elections in 2005.
    (AP, 6/11/07)

2007        Jun 14, A UN spokesman said that Ethiopia has accepted a UN commission's ruling to turn over the disputed town of Badme to Eritrea. In a letter last week to the UN Security Council, the Ethiopian government gave its unconditional acceptance of the commission's decision announced five years ago.
    (AP, 6/15/07)

2007        Jun 20, Starbucks signed a deal to credit Ethiopia's unique bean varieties on its coffee labels, ending a long-brewing trademark dispute.
    (AFP, 6/21/07)

2007        Jun 28, Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi said he had accepted a 2002-border ruling with the country's arch-foe Eritrea, but insisted on new talks on how to implement it.
    (AP, 6/28/07)

2007        Jul 4, Human Rights Watch accused the Ethiopian army of burning homes and displacing thousands of civilians in a crackdown on rebels in the volatile east.
    (AP, 7/4/07)

2007        Jul 16, In Ethiopia a court sentenced 35 opposition politicians and activists to life in prison and denied them the right to vote or run for public office for inciting violence in an attempt to overthrow the government. Those facing life imprisonment include the leader of the Coalition for Unity and Democracy, Hailu Shawel; Berhanu Nega, who was elected mayor of Addis Ababa; former Harvard scholar Mesfin Woldemariam; and former UN special envoy and former Norfolk (Va.) State University professor, Yacob Hailemariam.
    (AP, 7/16/07)

2007        Jul 20, Ethiopia pardoned and freed 38 opposition politicians and activists following international condemnation of their imprisonment and days after US lawmakers took steps to criticize the country's human rights record.
    (AP, 7/20/07)

2007        Jul 22, It was reported that the Ethiopian government was blockading emergency food and choking off trade to large parts of the east, home to a rebel force, and putting hundreds of thousands of people at risk of starvation.
    (SSFC, 7/22/07, p.A7)

2007        Jul 25, Ethiopian authorities ordered the International Committee of the Red Cross to pull out of the volatile Ogaden region within 7 days for allegedly interfering in political issues. Five opposition members imprisoned since 2005 pleaded guilty to attempting to overthrow Ethiopia's government, but asked the judge for a pardon.
    (AFP, 7/25/07)(AP, 7/25/07)

2007        Jul 28-2007 Jul 29, Nearly 12,000 people were displaced and one person died in western Ethiopia in flash floods over the weekend.
    (AFP, 7/31/07)

2007        Aug 8, Ethiopia said it had killed more than 500 rebels and captured 170 in the past two months during an offensive in the volatile but energy-rich Ogaden region bordering Somalia.
    (AP, 8/8/07)

2007        Aug 18, Ethiopia freed 32 opposition members who had been detained for post-election violence in 2005.
    (AP, 8/18/07)

2007        Aug 22, State media reported that a volcanic eruption in northeastern Ethiopia killed five people and displaced more than 2,000 others. The volcano in the Afar region started spewing lava on August 12 and the eruption lasted for three days.
    (AP, 8/22/07)

2007        Aug 27, Ethiopia ordered six Norwegian diplomats to leave the country by Sept. 15, expressing "dissatisfaction" with Norway's conduct in the Horn of Africa region.
    (AP, 8/27/07)

2007        Aug 28, Ethiopia justified its decision to expel Norwegian diplomats arguing that Oslo was interfering in its internal affairs and destabilizing the Horn of Africa.
    (AFP, 8/28/07)

2007        Aug 30, Addis Ababa city officials said Ethiopia will try to remove tens of thousands of beggars from the streets to create a more "conducive" atmosphere for coming Millennium celebrations. Still using the Julian calendar, abandoned by the West in the 16th century, Ethiopia enters its new millennium on September 12 with a huge concert expected to draw hundreds of thousands of partygoers and international celebrities.
    (Reuters, 8/30/07)

2007        Sep 2, Ethiopian rebels declared a ceasefire to allow a UN mission to tour the eastern Ogaden region and assess alleged rights violations and a worsening humanitarian situation.
    (AFP, 9/2/07)

2007        Sep 4, It was reported that Ethiopian authorities plan to kill tens of thousands of stray dogs in the capital using strychnine-laced meat, saying they want to eradicate rabies before next week's celebration of the Coptic millennium.
    (AP, 9/4/07)

2007        Sep 12, Ethiopia entered the third millennium 7 years after the rest of the world, amid lavish celebrations, religious fervor and messages of hope from the troubled country's leaders.
    (AFP, 9/12/07)

2007        Sep 21, The United States said it is donating 97 million dollars (69 million euros) to Ethiopia in recognition of the Horn of Africa country's "strategic importance."
    (AP, 9/21/07)

2007        Sep 27, Somali and Ethiopian troops ordered thousands to vacate their homes in Mogadishu to allow the forces to search for arms and insurgents.
    (AP, 9/29/07)

2007        Sep 30, Haile Gebrselassie of Ethiopia broke the world record in winning the Berlin Marathon in two hours, four minutes and 26 seconds.
    (AP, 9/30/07)

2007        Oct 3, German Chancellor Angela Merkel arrived in Ethiopia overnight at the start of a tour of African countries that will also take in South Africa and Liberia.
    (AFP, 10/3/07)

2007        Oct 4, Ethiopia pledged 5,000 troops to a future UN-African Union peacekeeping mission for Darfur.
    (AP, 10/4/07)

2007        Oct 9, The Ethiopian parliament reelected President Girma Wolde-Giorgis for a new six-year-term to his largely ceremonial post.
    (AP, 10/9/07)

2007        Oct 21,     Ethiopia's Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) rebels said they killed 140 government soldiers in a weekend assault targeting a visiting senior official, a statement Ethiopia immediately denounced as false.
    (Reuters, 10/21/07)

2007        Nov 4, Ethiopia's Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) rebels said they had killed another 270 government troops in heightened fighting in the eastern region of the country.
    (Reuters, 11/4/07)

2007        Nov 16, Ethiopian officers claimed their forces had killed some 100 rebels in the Ogaden region over the past month where its forces are cracking down on insurgents.
    (AFP, 11/17/07)

2007        Nov 18, Separatist rebels said Ethiopia's air force has been "carpet-bombing" villages and nomadic settlements in its oil- and gas-rich Ogaden region, leaving a trail of casualties.
    (AFP, 11/18/07)

2007        Nov 27, PM Meles Zenawi said Ethiopia will sustain its crackdown on separatist rebels in the restive Ogaden region, adding that scores of insurgents had been killed. John Holmes, UN undersecretary-general for Humanitarian Affairs, arrived in the Ogaden region.
    (AP, 11/27/07)(Reuters, 11/27/07)

2007        Nov 29, It was reported locals in eastern Ethiopia have accused soldiers fighting an insurgency of burning villages to the ground, committing gang rape and killing people "like goats." A September report by a UN fact-finding mission said villagers had been told not to speak to outsiders.
    (AP, 11/29/07)

2007        Dec 1, A deadline for Ethiopia and Eritrea to agree on the physical demarcation of their border expired amid escalating tension between the two nations, leaving the frontier only delineated on maps.
    (AP, 12/1/07)

2007        Dec 22, Ethiopia claimed it was receiving an influx of around 600 Eritreans fleeing political oppression in their country every month.
    (AP, 12/22/07)

2007        Dec 23, In Somalia a first contingent of 100 Burundian peacekeepers deployed in the capital, joining 1,800 Ugandan troops in an African Union force, AMISOM, that is still well short of the personnel strength needed to help restore order. Insurgents armed with rocket-propelled grenades and assault rifles attacked an Ethiopian army base in northern Mogadishu, triggering a deadly nighttime clash that sent stray mortar rounds crashing into homes. At least five Somalis were killed and eight wounded in the crossfire.
    (AP, 12/23/07)(AFP, 10/22/11)

2007        Dec 31, In Sudan the African Union transferred authority to a new joint peacekeeping force with the UN in Darfur. An AU official said Ethiopia and Egypt will each send 850 troops early in the new year to serve with a joint UN-AU force in the Darfur region.
    (AP, 12/31/07)(Reuters, 12/31/07)

2007        In Ethiopia the northern Tigrayans, who made up most of the ruling elite, comprised only about 7% of the population. The Oromos, mainly in the center and south, comprised 40% of the population and provided most of the country’s food. The Amharas comprised about 22% of the populations and have traditionally been the educated ruling class. Muslim Somalis occupied the south-east Ogaden region.
    (Econ, 11/3/07, p.33)

2008        Jan 19, Ethiopia’s justice minister Dimegn Wube said half of Ethiopian women are victims of domestic violence.
    (AFP, 1/19/08)

2008        Jan 25, Ethiopia's administration for refugee and returnee affairs said  that more than 450 Eritreans, including 234 soldiers, fled their country into Ethiopia in January alone.
    (AP, 1/25/08)

2008        Jan 30, The UN Security Council renewed the mandate of the struggling UN peace force on the Eritrea-Ethiopia border for six months despite a request from Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for just one month.
    (Reuters, 1/30/08)

2008        Jan 31, In Kenya an opposition lawmaker was gunned down by a police officer in the second fatal shooting of an opposition legislator this week. National police chief Hussein Ali said the police officer, who has been arrested, shot David Too in a dispute over the officer's girlfriend. The opposition said it was an assassination plot. Kofi Annan suspended crisis talks aimed at ending Kenya's political crisis after the lawmaker was shot dead, triggering further clashes. In Ethiopia UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon met with Pres. Kibaki at the African Union summit and warned that the violence in Kenya could spiral out of control unless quick action was taken.
    (AP, 1/31/08)(AFP, 1/31/08)

2008        Feb 1, In Ethiopia a summit of African Union leaders shifted its attention from the crisis in Kenya to Chad, with delegates voicing fears of a major conflict that could scupper peace efforts in Sudan.
    (AP, 2/1/08)

2008        Feb 2, African Union leaders condemned the latest unrest in Chad and Kenya at the close of a summit overshadowed by new crises on the continent and which saw little headway achieved on older ones. Hundreds of rebels penetrated the capital of Chad, clashing with government troops and moving on the presidential palace after a three-day advance through the oil-producing central African nation.
    (AFP, 2/2/08)(AP, 2/2/08)

2008        Feb 4, The UN Security Council sent a "firm and unwavering demand" that Eritrea immediately lift fuel restrictions hampering the efforts of peacekeepers monitoring a tense buffer zone between Ethiopia and Eritrea.
    (AP, 2/4/08)

2008        Feb 5, UN officials said Ethiopia and Bangladesh have offered to jump-start the UN peacekeeping mission in Darfur by loaning it helicopters to fly troops and supplies around the vast region in western Sudan.
    (AP, 2/5/08)

2008        Feb 8, The UN said it is being forced to prepare an imminent pullout from Eritrea and plans to relocate all its peacekeeping troops there across the border in Ethiopia.
    (AP, 2/9/08)

2008        Feb 18, Ethiopia’s state-media reported that 309 police officers, suspected of links with separatists rebels, have been arrested in the Ogaden region as part of a government crackdown.
    (AFP, 2/18/08)

2008        Mar 13, In Ethiopia a bus hit a landmine near the disputed Ethiopian-Eritrean border, killing at least eight people and wounding 27 others.
    (AFP, 3/14/08)

2008        Apr 13, Ethiopians voted in a first round of elections that the main opposition coalition boycotted to protest alleged intimidation by ruling party officials.
    (AP, 4/13/08)

2008        Apr 14, In Ethiopia explosions at two national oil company gas stations killed two people in the capital of Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 4/15/08)

2008        Apr 20, The second and final day of voting in Ethiopia's local and parliamentary polls was held amid tight security. The 2 largest opposition parties boycotted the elections saying intimidation had forced out over 17,000 of their candidates.
    (AP, 4/20/08)(WSJ, 4/21/08, p.A8)

2008        Apr 21, The Ethiopian government announced it was severing diplomatic relations with Qatar, accusing the Gulf Arab state of destabilizing the Horn of Africa region.
    (AFP, 4/21/08)

2008        Apr 23, In Somalia residents said four more corpses were found Mogadishu, bringing the death toll from last weekend's shelling and seizure of small towns by the Islamists' to at least 103. Amnesty Int’l. Ethiopian soldiers, stationed in Somalia to bolster the interim government, had killed 21 people and captured dozens of children in a raid on the Al Hidaaya mosque earlier this week during operations against Islamist insurgents.
    (Reuters, 4/24/08)

2008        Apr 24, Ethiopia launched the Ethiopia Commodities Exchange (ECX) market, in Addis Ababa. It aimed at boosting fair trade and stabilizing its food market.
    (AP, 4/24/08)(Econ, 2/4/17, p.64)

2008        Apr 29, An explosion in southwestern Somalia killed four Ethiopian troops and the subsequent gunfire killed two civilians.
    (AP, 4/29/08)

2008        Apr 30, Ethiopian troops allied to Somalia's shaky government opened fire on civilians in a street in southwestern Somalia, killing 13 after an explosion there killed two soldiers.
    (AP, 4/30/08)

2008        May 4, In Somalia Islamic insurgents killed at least three Ethiopian soldiers during a gunfight in Mogadishu. Inter-clan fighting in western Somalia, which broke out the previous evening, left at least 12 people dead and at least 15 others wounded in a land dispute.
    (AP, 5/4/08)

2008        May 14, In Ethiopia Ginbot 7, a Movement for Justice, Freedom and Democracy, was formed.
    (http://ginbot7.com/Ginbot_7-Movement_for_Justice_Liberty_and_Democracy_is_Formed.htm)

2008        May 17, In Ethiopia a massacre of Oromo civilians took place in eastern Wollega.  It was later reported that a minimum of 400 Oromos were killed, many more were severely wounded, and about 12,000 were displaced alone in between 17th to 19th of May.
    (http://www.omrho.de/special-reports/67-mass-massacre-in-wollega)

2008        May 18, Ethiopia's electoral board said the ruling party won nearly all seats in last month's local polls and parliamentary by-elections that were marred by boycotts and accusations of repression. Official data said the ruling Ethiopian Peoples' Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) won 97 percent of the vote held on April 13 and 20.
    (AFP, 5/18/08)

2008        May 20, In Ethiopia 3 people were killed and four wounded when a bomb exploded near the foreign ministry in central Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 5/20/08)
2008        May 20, The UN children's agency warned that a severe drought in Ethiopia threatens up to six million children.
    (AP, 5/20/08)

2008        May 26, Ethiopia's Supreme Court sentenced former dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam to death in his absence, along with 17 senior officials of his regime, overturning a previous life term on appeal. Mengistu has lived in exile in Zimbabwe since he was toppled in 1991.
    (AP, 5/26/08)

2008        May 28, In southern Ethiopia a bomb exploded in a hotel, killing 3 people and wounding five others. The government suspected a terrorist group planted a bomb in the hotel in Negelle Borena.
    (AFP, 5/28/08)

2008        May 29, In Ethiopia a flash flood hit Jijiga town late at night and swept away 200 houses, killing 25 people of whom 19 were children.
    (Reuters, 5/31/08)

2008        Jun 9, Somalia’s government signed an agreement with an opposition alliance calling for an end to violence and the withdrawal of Ethiopian troops. A leader of the ousted Islamic movement rejected the UN-brokered deal.
    (SFC, 6/10/08, p.A3)(SFC, 6/11/08, p.A15)

2008        Jun 12, Human Rights Watch said Western donors have failed to condemn war crimes by Ethiopian forces during a year-old campaign against separatist fighters in the country's eastern Ogaden region.
    (Reuters, 6/12/08)

2008        Jul 8, Sudan's army spokesman claimed Ethiopian forces had attacked a police base 17 kilometers (11 miles) inside Sudanese territory, killing 19 people, including one police officer. Ethiopia denied the accusations.
    (AFP, 7/9/08)

2008        Jul 11, Ethiopia's Ogadeni rebels accused the regime in Addis Ababa of deliberately blocking international aid to their war-wracked and drought-stricken region.
    (AFP, 7/11/08)

2008        Jul 12, Ethiopia said it has arrested eight "Eritrean-trained" rebels suspected of carrying out bombings that rocked the capital Addis Ababa and killed eight people earlier this year.
    (Reuters, 7/13/08)

2008        Jul 30, The UN Security Council voted to end an 8-year-long peacekeeping mission between Eritrea and Ethiopia despite continuing tensions, a move that the United Nations' chief has warned could lead to a new war.
    (AP, 7/30/08)

2008        Aug 20, The Red Cross revised its emergency appeal for Ethiopia to five million euros (7.9 million dollars) as the situation in the drought-hit south of the country got worse.
    (AFP, 8/20/08)

2008        Sep 1, The top UN aid official John Holmes called for greater international efforts to help millions of Ethiopians suffering from a severe drought.
    (AP, 9/1/08)

2008        Sep 3, In Ethiopia an explosion rocked a bar in Addis Ababa, killing 4 people. 2 more died the next day.
    (AFP, 9/4/08)

2008        Sep 4, Ethiopia unveiled its famed Axum Obelisk after more than three years of work to re-erect the 150-ton stela plundered by fascist Italy 70 years ago and returned only in 2005.
    (AFP, 9/4/08)

2008        Sep 22, The UN appealed for $460 million to feed some 10 million Ethiopians hit by drought and high food prices. In southeastern Ethiopia two expatriate staff for French aid group Medecins du Monde were kidnapped in the rebellious Ogaden region.
    (AP, 9/22/08)(AP, 9/23/08)

2008        Sep 23, The US said it has given Ethiopia 151 million dollars to boost its health and education services.
    (AP, 9/23/08)

2008        Sep 24, Britain pledged 26.9 million pounds for drought-hit Ethiopia, where some 9.6 million people are in need of emergency food aid.
    (AP, 9/24/08)

2008        Sep 28, In Ethiopia 4 people were killed and 22 injured in an explosion in eastern Somali province. Police the next day said a suspect had confessed to being a member of the Al-Ittihad Al-Islamiya operating in the region.
    (AFP, 9/28/08)(AFP, 9/29/08)
2008        Sep 28, In Germany Haile Gebrselassie of Ethiopia broke the marathon world record for the second straight year, becoming the first man to run the distance in under two hours and four minutes. He clocked 2:03.59 in winning his third straight Berlin Marathon, breaking the mark of 2:04.26 he set last year over the same flat course.
    (AP, 9/28/08)

2008        Oct 1, Berhe Gebreegziabher, the head of Ethiopia’s animal health in the agriculture ministry, said an outbreak of African horse sickness has killed more than 2,000 horses, mules and donkeys in Ethiopia since March.
    (AFP, 10/1/08)

2008        Oct 9, Ethiopia signed a 220-million-euro (300 million dollar) deal with a French company for the construction of Africa's largest wind farm.
    (AP, 10/10/08)

2008        Oct 14, An Ethiopian minister said his country urgently needs US$265 million to feed 6.4 million people affected by drought.
    (AP, 10/14/08)

2008        Oct 16, The European Commission announced 15 million euros (20 million dollars) of emergency food aid for victims of drought and soaring food prices in five east African countries. The biggest share will go to Ethiopia and Somalia and smaller amounts to Kenya, Uganda and Djibouti.
    (AFP, 10/16/08)

2008        Oct 27, In Ethiopia 19 people were killed when the bus they were traveling in hit a wall after its wheels snapped off some 200 kilometers (124 miles) south of Addis Ababa. Turbo Tumo, who represented Ethiopia at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, was among those killed.
    (AFP, 10/29/08)

2008        Nov 2, The bodies of 60 Somali and Ethiopian migrants washed up on the shores of southern Yemen over the last three days.
    (AP, 11/3/08)

2008        Nov 5, In southern Ethiopian farmers stoned to death Legesse Wegi, a senior rebel figure suspected of organizing fatal blasts in the capital Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 11/7/08)

2008        Nov 17, Ethiopia’s state news agency said the Wabe Shebelle river in the southeast highlands burst its banks after heavy rains, killing 11 people and stranding hundreds more.
    (AP, 11/17/08)

2008        Nov 21, Ethiopia’s government said the death toll from floods in southeastern Ethiopia has risen to 17 and more than 100,000 people have been left homeless.
    (AP, 11/21/08)

2008        Nov 28, Ethiopia announced that it will withdraw its forces from Somalia by the end of the year, leaving this country's weak and fractured government to face an increasingly powerful Islamic insurgency.
    (AP, 11/28/08)

2008        Dec 9, Ethiopian troops were reported to be pouring into neighboring Somalia to fight radical Islamists who have taken over much of the country, raising fears of more violence in a country fighting a deadly insurgency and piracy.
    (AP, 12/9/08)

2008        Dec 29, In Ethiopia Birtukan Midekssa (35), head of the Unity for Democracy Justice party, was arrested and resumed serving her life term after her pardon from a life sentence was revoked. She had irked the regime when she reportedly claimed during a recent visit to Europe that she had never voiced remorse or acknowledged any mistake to obtain her pardon in 2007.
    (AFP, 12/31/08)(www.jimmatimes.com/article.cfm?articleID=31713)

2008        Dec, A 131-page report by the UN Procurement Task Force said former officials Ventzislav Stoykov and Edgar Casals each scammed hundreds of thousands of dollars and ran outside ventures at the UN's Economic Commission for Africa. The task force recommended providing the ECA report to prosecutors in Ethiopia and the Philippines and to US authorities to review visas Casals apparently obtained through Santiago "Sonny" Busa, a former US consular chief in Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 6/19/10)

2008        Ethiopian authorities burned half a million pirated CDs and DVDs in the center of Addis Ababa.
    (Econ 7/8/17, p.43)
2008        Ethiopia’s population stood at about 85 million and was growing by 2 million a year. The country’s defense budget was $300 million.
    (Econ, 8/13/05, p.38)(Econ, 10/11/08, p.36)

2009        Jan 3, In Somalia Islamic insurgents appeared to be scrambling for power, taking over several police stations in the capital as Ethiopian troops who have been propping up the government began to pull out.
    (AP, 1/3/09)

2009        Jan 6, Ethiopia's parliament adopted a controversial bill imposing heavy restrictions on foreign-funded humanitarian groups operating in the war- and famine-ravaged country. Under the new law, any group that draws more than 10 percent of its funding from abroad will be classified as foreign, and thus banned from working on issues related to ethnicity, gender, children's rights and conflict resolution.
    (AP, 1/6/09)(AFP, 1/9/09)

2009        Jan 13, Ethiopia handed over security duties in neighboring Somalia to a joint force of Somali government security forces and Islamic militiamen, a shift some fear will leave a power vacuum in the lawless African nation.
    (AP, 1/13/09)

2009        Jan 15, The last Ethiopian troops backing Somalia's fragile government left Mogadishu, as Islamist forces took control of bases that the Ethiopians had vacated. An Islamist court under Shabab publicly executed politician Abdirahman Ahmed (55) to death by firing squad for showing sympathy for Christianity.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdirahman_Ahmed)(AP, 1/15/09)(Econ, 2/28/09, p.48)

2009        Jan 29, The European Union signed an agreement to give Ethiopia 251 million euros (322 million dollars) in aid to boost development projects across the Horn of Africa nation.
    (AFP, 1/30/09)

2009        Jan 30, Ethiopia said that 4.9 million of its people will need emergency food aid in the first six months of 2009 due to drought and appealed for $390 million from donors to pay for it.
    (AP, 1/30/09)

2009        Jan, In Ethiopia an inauguration ceremony was held for the new headquarters of the 53-member AU. Completion was expected December 2011. The structure, a gift to the AU, was designed by China, managed by China, financed by China and constructed by China.
    (AFP, 1/31/10)

2009        Feb 1, The African Union's 12th summit opened in Ethiopia with an agenda officially focused on infrastructure development. Leaders set aside the first day to discuss Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi's long-standing pet project to establish a United States of Africa.
    (AFP, 2/1/09)(Reuters, 2/1/09)

2009        Feb 2, In Ethiopia Libyan leader Moamer Kadhafi was elected to head the 53-nation African Union at a summit amid concerns over deadly unrest in Madagascar and a bid to indict Sudan's president for war crimes.
    (AFP, 2/2/09)

2009        Feb 7, In Ethiopia Brian Adkins (25) was killed in his home in Addis Ababa. He was serving as a consular officer at the US Embassy there. A suspect was arrested on Feb 11.
    (AP, 2/11/09)(www.huffingtonpost.com/news/africa)

2009        Feb 17, The UN said some 4.9 million more Ethiopians are in urgent need of food aid, bringing the total number of people in Ethiopia who need relief aid to 12 million, or 15 percent of the population.
    (AP, 2/17/09)

2009        Feb 20, Six African migrants drowned and 11 more are presumed dead after smugglers in the Gulf of Aden forced their passengers overboard in deep water off Yemen. The smuggling boat was carrying 40 Somalis and 12 Ethiopians when it approached Yemen's coast.
    (AP, 2/24/09)

2009        Mar 3, In southern Ethiopia a cattle-herding tribe crowned Guyyoo Gobbaa (36) as their new king in a secret ceremony considered so sacred that the Borena people believe it has the power to kill unauthorized observers.
    (AP, 3/4/09)

2009        Apr 7, Ethiopia, the world's sixth largest coffee producer, said it did not intend to nationalize the coffee sector after revoking licenses of six exporters for hoarding the beans. PM Meles Zenawi had warned the exporters against hoarding coffee, accusing them of speculation in the world markets.
    (AP, 4/7/09)

2009        Apr 16, Ethiopian opposition protesters staged a rare demonstration in Addis Ababa, demanding the release of an official jailed for life in January.
    (AFP, 4/16/09)

2009        Apr 21, Sudanese President Omar al-Beshir arrived in Ethiopia, on his sixth foreign trip since an international arrest warrant for alleged war crimes was issued against him.
    (AFP, 4/21/09)
2009        Apr 21, The 114th Boston Marathon was won by Ethiopia’s Deriba Merga for the men and Salina Kosgei of Kenya for the women.
    (WSJ, 4/21/09, p.A1)

2009        Apr 24, Ethiopian authorities arrested 35 members of an opposition group accused of plotting to carry out a "terror attack" in the Horn of Africa nation.
    (AFP, 4/26/09)

2009        May 1, In Ethiopia Communications Minister Bereket Simon said that senior military officers, including a general, had plotted to assassinate top government officials. He added that 40 people were under arrest. Bereket said the plotters belonged to the Ginbot 7 (May 15) opposition group, saying it was linked to the Coalition for Unity and Democracy (CUD) headed by Berhanu Nega, currently living in the United States.
    (AFP, 5/1/09)

2009        May 19, In Somalia witnesses said that Ethiopian troops have crossed the border and appear to be stationing themselves at a strategic crossroads. Ethiopia denied the reports. Witnesses said they saw Ethiopian troops in the Somali town of Kalabeyr, 14 miles (22 km) from the Ethiopian border and 11 miles (18 km) north of Belet Weyne, the provincial capital of the Hiran region.
    (AP, 5/19/09)

2009        May 23, It was reported that Saudi Arabian investors were spending $100 million to raise wheat, barley and rise on land leased from the government of Ethiopia. The World Food Program estimated that it would spend almost the same amount between 2007 and 2011 to provide 230,000 tons of food aid to some 4.6 million Ethiopians threatened by hunger and malnutrition.
    (Econ, 5/23/09, p.61)

2009        Jun 4, Ethiopia charged 46 people, most of them ex-military, of plotting to assassinate government officials. Ethiopia also said it has undertaken military reconnaissance operations in Somalia, but is not planning to re-deploy.
    (AFP, 6/4/09)

2009        Jun 30, Ethiopian police shot dead two people and injured six others as they blocked an attempt by Christians to build a church at a site also claimed by Muslims.
    (AFP, 7/1/09)

2009        Jul 6, Ethnic Somali rebels (ONLF) in Ethiopia's Ogaden region claimed they killed 90 government troops in recent clashes, but the government denied any losses, claiming victory instead.
    (AFP, 7/6/09)

2009        Jul 7, Ethiopia's parliament adopted a new anti-terrorism bill despite criticism by rights groups that the legislation violates civil liberties.
    (AFP, 7/7/09)

2009        Jul 27, In Ethiopia Bashir Ahmed Makhtal (36), an Ethiopian-born Canadian citizen, was found guilty of being a member of a rebel group fighting for autonomy for an ethnically Somali part of the country. Bashir was convicted of membership in the ONLF and supporting terrorism in Ogaden, and could face the death penalty. His grandfather was a founder of the ONLF. On August 3 he was sentenced to life in prison for terrorism-related charges.
    (Reuters, 7/27/09)(AP, 8/3/09)

2009        Aug 6, Ethiopia’s Federal High Court issued the guilty verdicts against 13 men, including a US-based professor, convicted in absentia for plotting to overthrow the government. Berhanu Nega, Ethiopian-born professor with US nationality and teacher of economics at Philadelphia's Bucknell Univ., was accused of masterminding a plan to topple PM Meles Zenawi.
    (Reuters, 8/7/09)

2009        Aug 18, An international claims commission in The Hague awarded Ethiopia slightly more than Eritrea as it settled mutual claims worth hundreds of millions of dollars for death, injury, rape, looting and destruction during their two-year border conflict. This concluded a complex arbitration that was part of the 2000 peace agreement closing out a border conflict that cost tens of thousands of lives.
    (AP, 8/19/09)

2009        Aug 25, Four Ethiopian athletes, two women and two men, fled their hotel in London and failed to make a connecting flight to Edinburgh ahead of the Falkirk Cup athletics event.
    (AFP, 8/26/09)

2009        Aug 29, Somali witnesses said hundreds of Ethiopian troops have crossed the border and seized control of the Somali town of Belet Weyne from Islamist insurgents.
    (AP, 8/29/09)

2009        Sep 23, Ethiopia said its national electricity company has signed contracts with three Chinese firms to develop hydro-electric projects and made preliminary accords for wind power projects.
    (AFP, 9/23/09)

2009        Sep 29, Ethiopian and Kenyan authorities seized more than 2,600 pounds (1,200 kilograms) of ivory from nearly 100 illegally killed elephants. Specially trained dogs sniffed out a consignment of bloodstained tusks at Kenya's national airport. Another shipment of tusks sent by the same individual had been seized a day earlier at the airport in Ethiopia's capital.
    (AP, 9/30/09)

2009        Oct 3, In Ethiopia Abdi Mohammed Awhasen, a top rebel leader in the restive Ogaden region, surrendered. His arrest led to the seizure of some four tons of explosive material.
    (AFP, 10/17/09)

2009        Oct 5, Ethiopia's President Girma Woldegiorgis told parliament that government is aiming to achieve double-digit economic growth in 2009. An official from the Oxfam charity said as many as 6.2 million Ethiopians need emergency humanitarian assistance due to severe drought.
    (AFP, 10/6/09)(Reuters, 10/6/09)

2009        Oct 10, Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi accused Eritrea of sowing havoc in the region as Addis Ababa reiterated calls for sanctions over Asmara's alleged support for Somalia's rebels.
    (AP, 10/10/09)

2009        Oct 22, Ethiopia said it needs emergency food aid for 6.2 million people, an appeal that comes 25 years after a devastating famine compounded by communist policies killed 1 million and prompted one of the largest charity campaigns in history.
    (AP, 10/22/09)

2009        Nov 10, Ethiopia announced the discovery of a mine containing more than 40 tons of gold deposit worth 1.7 billion dollars (1.1 billion euros).
    (AFP, 11/10/09)

2009        Nov 14, Ethiopian ONLF rebels fighting for independence for a region with potentially significant oil and gas reserves said they had captured seven towns near the border with neighboring Somalia.
    (Reuters, 11/14/09)

2009        Nov 18, In Uganda a new 12 million dollar family planning drive was launched in Kampala highlighting how Obama administration funding has revamped a contraception drive in Africa and developing states. Uganda, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania and Kenya will share in the 12-million dollar funding, but international organizations still have to persuade certain African governments that it is in their interest to curb population growth.
    (AFP, 11/18/09)

2009        Nov 19, An Ethiopian court convicted 26 people who were accused of taking part in an alleged coup plot earlier this year and acquitted five others.
    (AP, 11/19/09)

2009        Nov 30, Interpol and the Kenya Wildlife Service said African authorities over the last 3 months had raided shops, intercepted vehicles at checkpoints and used sniffer dogs to detect and seize over 3,800 pounds (1,768kg) of illegal elephant ivory in a six-nation operation. This involved the wildlife authorities, police and customs departments of Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
    (AP, 11/30/09)

2009        Dec 4, A leading Ethiopian newspaper said it had closed down as a result of months of government "persecution and harassment" against its staff. The weekly Addis Neger newspaper, often critical of government policies, published its last edition on Dec 5 before some of its staff fled the country for fear of arrest.
    (AFP, 12/5/09)

2009        Dec 17, Oxfam said some areas of East Africa had received less than 5% of the normal November rains and that many people are malnourished in Uganda, Tanzania, Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia. It was the sixth failed rainy season for war-ravaged Somalia and the worst drought there for 20 years. The European Commission announced that it would immediately release an extra $75 million to fund emergency relief for drought-stricken areas of East Africa. It estimated that 16 million people will need aid in the coming months.
    (AP, 12/17/09)

2009        Dec 18, The UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) said an estimated 74,000 Africans, mainly from Ethiopia and Somalia, have fled to Yemen as refugees or economic migrants. That's a 50 percent higher than in 2008.
    (AP, 12/18/09)

2009        Dec 22, An Ethiopian court sentenced five people to death, including Berhanu Nega, an Ethiopian professor teaching at a US university, and 33 to life in prison for being members of a terror group and conspiring to assassinate government officials. Nega, an exiled opposition leader, was elected mayor of Addis Ababa in 2005. Berhanu and more than 100 other opposition politicians were arrested after the 2005 election and put on trial for treason. Berhanu and others were pardoned and freed after 20 months, but the government last week revoked Berhanu's pardon.
    (AP, 12/22/09)

2010        Jan 13, Ethiopia’s biggest hydroelectric dam was opened by PM Meles Zenawi and Italian Foreign Minister Franco Frattini. The Gilegel Gibe II dam was financed by Italy.
    (AFP, 1/14/10)

2010        Jan 25, An Ethiopian Airlines plane carrying 90 people caught fire and crashed into the sea minutes after taking off from Beirut. At least 34 bodies were recovered, but no survivors were found by nightfall. In 2012 a Lebanese report put the blame on pilot error and inexperience. Ethiopian Airlines immediately rejected the Lebanese findings saying the crash was likely caused by sabotage or a lightning strike.
    (AP, 1/25/10)(AFP, 1/17/12)

2010        Jan 29, An Ethiopian judge sentenced a journalist to prison in connection with a January 2008 column that criticized PM Meles Zenawi's statements about religious affairs in Ethiopia. The journalist was later identified as Ezedin Mohamed, editor of Al-Quds, a Muslim-orientated newspaper.
    (AFP, 2/2/10)

2010        Jan 31, In Ethiopia UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon attended the AU's annual summit in Addis Ababa and again failed to pledge peacekeepers for Somalia. Ban Ki-Moon criticized power-grabs in Africa in a speech to the continent's leaders as Libya's Moamer Kadhafi reluctantly handed over the presidency of the African Union to Malawian President Bingu wa Mutharika. The AU agreed to consider a Senegalese proposal to resettle Haiti's earthquake homeless and possibly create a state for them in Africa.
    (Reuters, 1/31/10)(AFP, 1/31/10)(Reuters, 1/31/10)

2010        Feb 2, In Ethiopia African leaders wrapped up their annual summit less divided and looking at brighter economic prospects but still facing a raft of conflicts, including Sudan's predicted break-up. An AU official said leaders of the 53-member African Union want Madagascar's rival politicians to stick to the agreements meant to help the Indian Ocean island out of a prolonged crisis.
    (AFP, 2/2/10)

2010        Feb 6, Ethiopia’s official news agency said US software giant Microsoft has launched Windows Vista in Amharic, the first operating system in its national language. 40 scholars from the Addis Ababa University had taken part in the translation of the software for the country of over 80 million people.
    (AFP, 2/6/10)

2010        Mar 5, In Ethiopia 25 African states agreed to step up efforts to regulate mercenary activity on the continent amid an explosion of private security companies on the continent.
    (AFP, 3/6/10)

2010        Mar 7, Ethiopia inaugurated a museum in Addis Ababa in memory of the victims of former dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam's so-called Red Terror purge which killed tens of thousands in 1977-78.
    (AFP, 3/7/10)

2010        Mar 15, Somalia's transitional government (TFG) and a faction of the country's moderate Ahlu Sunna Sufi sect signed a deal in Addis Ababa to jointly fight extremist elements in Somalia.
    (AFP, 3/15/10)

2010        Mar 19, The US condemned Ethiopia's blocking of Voice of America broadcasts, calling the country's accusations of the US radio service "baseless and inflammatory."
    (AFP, 3/19/10)

2010        Apr 5, In Ethiopia a British geologist (39) working on behalf of the state-run Malaysian energy company Petronas was shot dead near Danot town.
    (Reuters, 4/9/10)

2010        Apr 6, An African Union conference on maritime security opened in Ethiopia. Somali Deputy PM Abdulrahman Adan Ibrahim Ibbi called for outside help to clear toxic waste dumped illegally on his country's vast coastline, arguing that the fight against dumping goes hand in hand with the fight against piracy.
    (AFP, 4/8/10)

2010        Apr 9, In Ethiopia Communications Minister Bereket Simon announced that leaders of the United Western Somali Liberation Front (UWSLF), a rebel group in the southeastern Somali region, has agreed to lay down arms after decades of guerrilla war.
    (AFP, 4/9/10)

2010        Apr 13, Ethiopian authorities and the European Union signed accords allowing EU observers to monitor May's general elections in the Horn of Africa country.
    (AFP, 4/13/10)

2010        Apr 20, Ethiopia said that it would go ahead with a new deal with six other countries on sharing the waters of the Nile and accused Egypt of "dragging its feet" on a more equitable treaty.
    (AFP, 4/20/10)

2010        Apr 26, In Ethiopia gunmen shot dead an opposition party activist, days after the government accused the party of killing a policeman in the same region.
    (AFP, 5/10/10)

2010        May 2, Ethiopia’s information minister said police have arrested 10 suspected Islamic militants they believe were sent by Eritrea to carry out attacks to upset May 23 general elections.
    (AFP, 5/2/10)

2010        May 6, In southern Ethiopia attackers hurled a bomb at a political meeting in Adaba, killing two people and wounding 14 others just over two weeks before national elections. On May 20 Tadesse Haile was sentenced to death for throwing hand grenades into the packed stadium. He was also convicted on planting bombs close to a construction site on May 5.
    (AFP, 5/7/10)(AFP, 5/20/10)

2010        May 14, Four African countries (Ethiopia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda) signed a new treaty on the equitable sharing of the Nile waters despite strong opposition from Egypt and Sudan, who have the lion's share of the river waters. The new agreement, the Nile Basin Cooperative Framework, is to replace a 1959 accord between Egypt and Sudan that gives them control of more than 90 percent of the water flow. Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Abul Gheit warned at the weekend that Cairo's water rights were a "red line" and threatened legal action if a partial deal is reached.
    (AFP, 5/14/10)

2010        May 18, Ethiopia's main rebel group claimed to have captured an army garrison town and killed 94 government soldiers in a major operation. The Ethiopian government denied the town had been captured and said the attack had been successfully repelled.
    (AFP, 5/18/10)

2010        May 23, Ethiopia held Parliamentary elections. PM Meles Zenawi rejected opposition complaints of fraud elections and said he expected to win on the strength of his economic record. The ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) and allied parties won 534 seats out of 536 declared, giving PM Meles Zenawi most seats in the 547-member parliament. The EU observation mission released its final report on Nov 8. It said the electoral process was short of international standards concerning transparency, and that state resources were used in the ruling party's campaign.
    (Reuters, 5/23/10)(Reuters, 5/26/10)(AP, 11/8/10)

2010        May 24, An international human rights group said that Ethiopia's national election was marred by repression and intimidation, while the government said the vote was free and fair. 
    (AP, 5/24/10)

2010        May 25, Ethiopian police shot dead two opposition members in the sensitive Oromia region following the elections. One man was shot May 24 after trying to storm an office where ballots were being counted. The other was shot today by a policeman whom he had beaten during the same incident.
    (Reuters, 5/26/10)

2010        May 26, Ethiopian opposition groups rejected results of parliamentary elections which gave long-time ruler Meles Zenawi a landslide win, and demanded fresh polls.
    (AP, 5/26/10)

2010        Jun 2, A century-old Ethiopian prayer book stolen decades ago was returned to the African nation after American collector Gerald Weiner, who held it, agreed to the restitution.
    (AFP, 6/3/10)

2010        Jun 11, Ethiopian rebels said the military had killed 71 civilians in the last month as part of a growing crackdown in a region where international oil and gas companies are exploring.
    (Reuters, 6/11/10)

2010        Jun 21, Ethiopia's election board confirmed PM Meles Zenawi's landslide victory in a May 23 election disputed by opposition parties and criticized by the EU and the United States.
    (Reuters, 6/21/10)

2010        Jun 24, In Ethiopia a government minister said that a faction of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF), seeking a separate state in the west of the country, has agreed to lay down its arms following talks in Germany.
    (AFP, 6/24/10)

2010        Jun 27, In Ethiopia water minister of Egypt and Sudan said they will not be forced into signing a new deal on the sharing of the Nile's waters. Ethiopia, Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya and Rwanda inked a framework in March, 2010, replacing a 1929 colonial-era treaty between Egypt and Britain which gave Cairo veto power over upstream projects. A two-day meeting concluded of regional water ministers concluded with Egypt handing over the body's chair to Ethiopia.
    (AFP, 6/27/10)

2010        Sep 14, Authorities in the self-declared republic of Somaliland said their troops have surrounded up to 300 Ethiopian rebels who entered the territory illegally.
    (AP, 9/14/10)

2010        Sep 15, Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi said his often drought-ravaged country would not need food aid after 2015 as he formally launched a five-year development program.
    (AFP, 9/15/10)

2010        Oct 4, Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi was sworn in for another five-year term, almost five months after controversial polls propelled his party to victory.
    (AFP, 10/4/10)

2010        Oct 6, Ethiopia freed opposition leader Birtukan Mideksa (36), saying it had granted a plea for pardon from her. Birtukan and other opposition figures were charged with plotting against the constitution in connection with those skirmishes, but were released in 2007 after being pardoned. She was sent back to prison in December 2008 after claiming she had never asked for pardon.
    (AFP, 10/6/10)

2010        Oct 12, In Ethiopia senior leaders of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF), a breakaway rebel faction, gathered in Addis Ababa to sign a peace deal with the government. The government claimed the breakaway group represents around 80 percent of the ONLF.
    (AFP, 10/12/10)

2010        Oct 19, Human Rights Watch said in a report that Ethiopia is denying opposition supporters food, other aid, loans and government services in a widespread effort to suppress political dissent.
    (AP, 10/19/10)

2010        Nov 9, Ethiopia's Ogaden rebels said they had killed more than 200 soldiers in a string of successful military operations since the beginning of October, a claim promptly ridiculed by the government.
    (AFP, 11/9/10)

2010        Nov 14, Israel’s Cabinet approved a proposal to allow 8,000 Ethiopians of Jewish descent to move to the Jewish state. The would-be immigrants are the last recognized members of the Falashmura, a community whose ancestors converted from Judaism to Christianity about 100 years ago.
    (AP, 11/14/10)

2010        Nov 23, East African leaders met in the Ethiopian capital to discuss beefing up the African Union force in Somalia and tensions in Sudan ahead of January's referendum on autonomy for the south.
    (AFP, 11/23/10)

2010        Peter Gill authored “Famine and Foreigners: Ethiopia Since Live Aid.”
    (Econ, 7/17/10, p.88)
2010        Ethiopia set up METEC, a Metals and Engineering Corporation. In 2011, the government awarded METEC contracts related to a dozen mega projects: the plan was for METEC to establish new industries and build factories and infrastructure before opening the companies up to private sector investment.
    (Reuters, 11/14/18)

2011        Jan 31, Leaders of 53 African countries met In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to tackle festering conflicts in Sudan and Somalia at a summit overshadowed by Egypt's popular uprising and the leadership crisis in Ivory Coast. The African Union named a panel of six African presidents to mediate Ivory Coast's political crisis.
    (AFP, 1/31/11)(AP, 1/31/11)

2011        Jan 30, Equatorial Guinea’s Pres. Teodoro Obiang assumed the African Union chairmanship at the organization’s annual summit, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (http://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00012576.html)

2011        Jan, Ethiopia’s government imposed price controls to combat rising prices, giving food sellers long lines of customers but barely any profit.
    (AP, 6/21/11)

2011        Mar 30, Ethiopia's government said it plans to build a hydroelectric power dam along the Blue Nile River despite objections from Egypt and Sudan.
    (AP, 3/30/11)

2011        Apr 2, Ethiopia’s PM Meles Zenawi laid the foundation for the Grand Millennium Dam, aka the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Its cost was expected to exceed $4.8 billion with some underwriting coming from China.
    (Econ, 4/23/11, p.52)(Econ., 7/4/20, p.12)

2011        Apr 5, Ethiopia’s PM Meles Zenawi told lawmakers Ethiopia is ready to help the people of Eritrea topple the regime of Issaias Afeworki, ruling out a military invasion.
    (AFP, 4/5/11)

2011        Apr 20, Hundreds of Eritrean exiles marched in the capital of neighboring Ethiopia to protest their country's autocratic leadership.
    (AP, 4/20/11)

2011        May 13, In Ethiopia a World Food Program driver was killed in the Ogaden region in an ambush that also injured another staff member.
    (Reuters, 5/14/11)

2011        May 23, India's PM Manmohan Singh arrived in Ethiopia to begin a six-day trip that included a visit to Tanzania. He aimed to strike deeper economic ties with a continent rich in minerals and commodities, but where India lagged far behind rival China.
    (Reuters, 5/23/11)

2011        May 24, In Ethiopia at an address to an India-Africa summit in Addis Ababa, Indian PM Manmohan Singh trumpeted his country's historical ties with Africa and offered $5 billion dollars for the next three years under lines of credit to help Africa achieve its development goals.
    (Reuters, 5/24/11)

2011        Jun 1, Ethiopia's Pres. Girma Wolde Giorgis said the government has commuted the death sentences of 23 high-ranking officials from the ousted communist regime. The sentences were reduced to 25 years.
    (AP, 6/1/11)

2011          Jun 13, Speaking in Ethiopia to members of the African Union, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton spoke out against African leaders with despotic regimes, and encouraged democratic reforms in those countries. Mrs. Clinton, the first US Secretary of State to address a session of the African Union, encouraged members to break ties with Libyan strongman Muammar Khaddafi and to support the rebels fighting to overthrow him. She was on a five-day diplomatic trip to three countries.
            (AP, 6/13/11)

2011        Jun 27, Two Swedish freelancer journalists, Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye, entered Ethiopia from Somalia to report about allegations of human rights violations in the region including torture and rape.
    (AP, 7/4/11)
2011        Jun 27, The UN Security Council ordered a 4,200-strong Ethiopian peacekeeping force to Abyei to monitor the withdrawal of northern Sudanese troops who occupied the disputed border region on May 21.
    (AFP, 6/29/11)

2011        Jun 29, Ethiopia’s government spokesman Shimeles Kemal said that two journalists were among 9 people arrested last week on suspicions of organizing a terrorist network and planning attacks.
    (AP, 6/29/11)
2011        Jun 29, Ethiopia said it will build four more hydroelectric dams on the Nile river as part of a plan to become a power hub for Africa.
    (AP, 6/29/11)

2011        Jun, The Ethiopian government labeled Ginbot 7 as a terrorist group, along with the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) and Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), under the country's anti-terrorism proclamation. Ginbot 7, founded by Dr. Berhanu Nega, envisioned the creation of a nation wherein each and every Ethiopian enjoys the full respect of its democratic and human rights, achieves economic prosperity and social justice, and the respect of the citizen’s life, safety and human dignity.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginbot_7)
2011        Jun, Ethiopian consumers started a text-message campaign to boycott meat in an attempt to force prices down. The campaign has not worked.
    (AP, 6/21/11)

2011        Jul 1, In Ethiopia Swedish freelance journalists Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye were arrested after entering the Ogaden region to report on allegations of human rights violations.
    (AFP, 12/22/11)

2011        Jul 4, An Ethiopian official said government troops have killed have 15 rebels in the country's restive east and arrested two Swedish journalists who were with them. Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye were lightly wounded in last week's clash between troops and rebels from the Ogaden National Liberation Front. On Nov 3 an Ethiopian court dropped charges of participating in terrorism against the two journalists, but they still faced accusations of supporting terrorism.
    (AP, 7/4/11)(AFP, 11/3/11)

2011        Jul 11, Ethiopia said it needed $398 million to help millions of people in need of food aid due to a severe drought. It was estimated that a total of 4.5 million people will require humanitarian assistance during the remaining period of the current year.
    (AFP, 7/11/11)

2011        Jul 13, The United Nations made its first aid delivery to a rebel-held Somalia region after the insurgents lifted a ban on the operations of foreign aid agencies. The worst drought in 60 years affected over 10 million people in northern Kenya, south-eastern Ethiopia, southern Somalia and Djibouti.
    (AFP, 7/17/11)(Econ, 7/9/11, p.44)

2011        Jul 15, UNICEF said at least 17,584 measles cases, including 114 deaths, have been reported by Ethiopian health officials in the first half of the year. The WHO said says at least 462 cases of measles, including 11 deaths, have been confirmed in recent months among Somali refugee children in the Kenyan refugee complex known as Dadaab.
    (AP, 7/15/11)

2011        Aug 2, In Sudan a landmine killed four Ethiopian UN peacekeepers and badly wounded seven others on patrol in the disputed territory of Abyei.
    (AFP, 8/2/11)

2011        Aug 11, Ethiopian officials said they will not heed the UN's recommendation to halt construction on a dam that the world body says endangers a world heritage site. Project manager Azeb Asnake said that government impact studies found Gilgel Gibe III dam does not endanger Lake Turkana, the world's largest desert lake.
    (AP, 8/11/11)

2011        Aug 17, Southern Ethiopia teetered on the brink of a food crisis. The Ethiopian government said 250,000 people need food aid amid what the UN says is the worst drought in 60 years. An aid organization and agricultural officials said the number of people who need emergency food aid in Ethiopia is bigger, around 700,000.
    (AP, 8/17/11)

2011        Aug 19, The UN said tens of thousands of people have already died in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia. It warned that the famine has not peaked and that 12 million people in the area need food aid.
    (AP, 8/20/11)

2011        Aug 25, African Union leaders pledged nearly $380 million to help famine-hit families in the Horn of Africa during a donor conference in Ethiopia. Only 20 representatives of the AU’s 54 members showed up.
    (AP, 8/25/11)(Econ, 9/3/11, p.48)

2011        Aug 30, Ethiopian ONLF rebels reportedly killed 25 soldiers protecting a Chinese oil exploration company called PetroTrans.
    (AP, 9/2/11)

2011        Sep 3, Sudan's embattled main opposition party vowed to fight for regime change through armed struggle and mass protests, and called for international support, after clashes erupted in Blue Nile state. The UN refugee agency said some 16,000 people have fled across the Sudan’s border to Ethiopia since fighting erupted on Sep 1.
    (AFP, 9/3/11)(AP, 9/3/11)

2011        Sep 12, In Mozambique a group of 15 Ethiopian athletes, after competing at the 10th All Africa Games, went missing and left some of their possessions in the athletes' village outside the capital Maputo.
    (AFP, 9/15/11)

2011        Sep 14, Ethiopian authorities arrested four opposition members suspected of plotting attacks on state security. Prominent opposition leader Andualem Arage  was among those arrested. Independent journalists Sileshi Hagos and Eskinder Nega were also reported arrested, joining 4 others detained under terrorism laws.
    (AFP, 9/15/11)(AP, 9/17/11)

2011        Sep 19, The UN refugee agency said nearly 3,000 Eritreans were flooding into Sudan and Ethiopia every month from Eritrea, a country of some five million people and about the size of England.
    (AFP, 9/19/11)

2011        Sep 27, The UN refugee agency said some 25,000 people have fled Sudan's troubled Blue Nile state to Ethiopia in the last three weeks amid fighting between the Sudanese army and rebels.
    (AFP, 9/27/11)

2011        Oct 4, USAID director Raj Shah said the US will donate more than $121 million to Ethiopia to fight food insecurity amid a drought in the East African nation.
    (AP, 10/5/11)

2011        Oct 24, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton pledged another $100 million in food aid to drought-hit East Africa amid warnings that millions of people face starvation for drought-affected areas in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia.
    (AFP, 10/24/11)

2011        Oct 28, The UN refugee agency said fresh aerial bombings in Sudan's border Blue Nile state are sending more refugees fleeing to Ethiopia, with 2,000 arriving in the last four days.
    (AFP, 10/28/11)

2011        Nov 10, Ethiopian authorities charged 24 people with terrorism offenses including an opposition politician and a journalist. Prominent opposition leader Andualem Arage and journalist Eskinder Nega were among those charged. Ethiopia has the largest number of exiled journalists in the world with 82 living abroad, according to the Washington-based Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).
    (AFP, 11/10/11)(AFP, 11/22/11)

2011        Nov 17, The UN refugee agency said Yemen has seen a surge of refugees from Somalia and Ethiopia, with a record 12,545 arriving by sea last month as they fled unrest, famine and persecution.
    (AFP, 11/17/11)

2011        Nov 19, Several hundred Ethiopian troops crossed into southern and central Somalia, local elders said, but Addis Ababa dismissed the reports as "absolutely not true."
    (AFP, 11/19/11)

2011        Nov 20, A convoy of Ethiopian troops entered the central Somali town of Guriel in a possible attempt to open a third front against Al-Qaida-linked al-Shabab insurgents.
    (SFC, 11/21/11, p.A2)

2011        Nov 24, The UN warned that Ethiopia's reported deployment of troops into Somalia could worsen what is already the world's most severe humanitarian crisis.   
    (AFP, 11/24/11)

2011        Nov 25, Ethiopia said it may contribute troops to the African Union force in Somalia fighting al-Qaida-affiliated insurgents.
    (AP, 11/25/11)

2011        Dec 1, Amnesty International urged Ethiopia, Tanzania and Zambia to arrest former US president George W. Bush for violating international torture laws, during his African tour this week.
    (AFP, 12/1/11)

2011        Dec 21, An Ethiopian court convicted Swedish journalists Martin Schibbye and Johan Persson of supporting a terrorist group and entering the country illegally, with the prosecution calling for a maximum sentence of 18 years and six months. On Dec 27 a court  sentenced the two journalists to 11 years in prison on charges of supporting terrorism.
    (AFP, 12/22/11)(AP, 12/27/11)

2011        Dec 31, Ethiopian troops captured Beledweyne, a rebel-held town in central Somalia, leaving at least 18 people dead.
    (Reuters, 12/31/11)(AFP, 12/31/12)

2012        Jan 17, Gunmen in Ethiopia's arid north attacked a group of European tourists traveling in one of the world's lowest and hottest regions, killing five, wounding two and kidnapping two. The attack was blamed on groups trained and armed by the Eritrean government. Two Germans held hostage were released on March 5.
    (AP, 1/18/12)(AFP, 3/6/12)

2012        Jan 19, An Ethiopian court found three journalists, a politician and a politician's assistant guilty of conspiring to commit acts of terrorism, in a case that drew rebukes from rights groups who fear the country's anti-terrorism law is being used to suppress dissent.
    (AP, 1/19/12)

2012        Jan 20, The UN refugee agency raised concern over the record numbers of Ethiopians and Somalis flocking to Yemen, despite the deteriorating security situation there. Last year 103,000 refugees, asylum seekers and migrants crossed the Gulf of Aden and Red Sea, almost double the 2010 figure of 53,000.
    (AFP, 1/20/12)

2012        Jan 24, In Somalia a truck bomb targeted an Ethiopian military base. Islamist militants claimed responsibility for the attack. Al-Shabab on its Twitter feed claimed that 33 Ethiopian troops were killed in the attack.
    (AP, 1/24/12)

2012        Jan 27, Ethiopian PM Meles Zenawi said he would pull troops out of Somalia "as soon as feasible," admitting for the first time that forces had crossed into the war-torn neighboring country.
    (AFP, 1/27/12)

2012        Jan 28, In Ethiopia African leaders inaugurated a new $200 million headquarters that was funded by China as a gift. They said the massive complex in Addis Ababa is a symbol of China's rapidly changing role in Africa.
    (AP, 1/28/12)

2012        Jan 29, Benin President Thomas Boni Yayi was elected the African Union Chairman, taking over the one-year post from Equatorial Guinea's President Teodoro Obiang Nguema at the AU summit meeting in the Ethiopian capital.
    (AFP, 1/29/12)

2012        Jan 30, In Ethiopia a vote by African leaders for the head of their African Union executive ended in deadlock amid a drive by southern Africa to wrest influence from the continent's French-speaking countries. Gabon's Jean Ping (69), who has headed the African Union Commission since 2008 and was seeking a new term, was challenged by South Africa's Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, a former foreign minister. The AU extended the mandate of Jean Ping until fresh polls are held during the next summit in Malawi.
    (AFP, 1/30/12)

2012        Feb 21, Ethiopian troops in battle tanks thrust into rebel-held Somalia regions, sparking heavy fighting as they advanced towards the major Shebab stronghold of Baidoa.
    (AFP, 2/21/12)

2012        Feb 22, In Somalia truckloads of Ethiopian and Somali troops captured the strategic city of Baidoa from Al-Qaeda allied Shebab insurgents, who vowed to avenge their loss. The blow to the insurgency coincided with the UN Security Council boosting the strength of an African force in Mogadishu by more than 5,000 troops and came on the eve of conference in London aimed at reviving peace efforts.
    (AFP, 2/22/12)

2012        Feb, In Ethiopia 20 Motorola Xoom tablet computers were dropped off in Wenchi village by a group called One Laptop Per Child. The tablets were charged from a solar station built by One Laptop. By year’s end all the kids could chant the English alphabet, and some spelled words.
    (AP, 12/24/12)

2012        Mar 10, In Somalia an offensive by Islamist Shebab fighters on Ethiopian troops left at least 23 people dead including 17 al-Shabab fighters and 6 Ethiopian troops.
    (AFP, 3/10/12)(SSFC, 3/11/12, p.A4)

2012        Mar 12, In western Ethiopia an attack by gunmen on a public bus left 19 people dead and eight others injured.
    (AFP, 3/13/12)

2012        Mar 15, Ethiopian forces entered archrival Eritrea and carried out what a government spokesman described as "a successful attack" against military posts.
    (AP, 3/15/12)

2012        Mar 16, The Eritrean government said that an attack on its military outposts by neighboring Ethiopia was carried out with the help of the US and meant to divert attention from a decade-old border dispute between the two countries.
    (AP, 3/16/12)

2012        Mar 24, In central Somalia hundreds of heavily armed Ethiopian troops advanced into Dhusamareb with the aim of attacking the main stronghold of the Al Qaeda-linked Shebab militia in the region.
    (AFP, 3/24/12)

2012        Mar 26, In central Somalia Ethiopian forces seized El Bur, the main regional base of the Al Qaeda-linked Shebab insurgents. Shebab rebels in Mogadishu killed two civilians at a camp for the displaced near the presidential compound, which they targeted with mortar bombs.
    (AFP, 3/26/12)

2012        Apr 1, In Ethiopia African Union mediators redoubled their efforts to kickstart crisis talks between Sudan and South Sudan after fresh fighting that Khartoum accuses Juba of backing.
    (AFP, 4/1/12)

2012        Jun 2, Kenyan troops were officially integrated into the African Union's peacekeeping mission in Somalia (AMISOM), with Kenya's defense minister signing an agreement at AU headquarters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (AFP, 6/2/12)

2012        Jun 7, In Ethiopia peace talks between Khartoum and Juba to set up a demilitarized buffer zone ended with Sudan accusing South Sudan of seeking to create "10 disputed areas."
    (AFP, 6/8/12)

2012        Jun 18, An Ethiopian security officer with the United Nations faced up to 10 years in jail after a court in Addis Ababa found him guilty of "participating in a terrorist organization." Abdurahman Sheikh Hassan was charged last July with having links to the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF), a secessionist rebel group. On June 22 Hassan was sentenced to seven years and eight months in prison.
    (AFP, 6/18/12)(AFP, 6/22/12)
2012        Jun 18, Human Rights Watch said Ethiopia is forcing thousands of people from their land in the southern Omo valley to make way for sugar plantations. Between 5,000 and 10,000 people were estimated to have been displaced. The government denied the charge and said any relocation in the area is happening voluntarily.
    (AFP, 6/18/12)
2012        Jun 18, In Malawi a boat carrying about 60 illegal immigrants from Ethiopia capsized on Lake Malawi. All aboard were feared drowned.
    (AP, 6/21/12)

2012        Jun 26, In Tanzania a truck driver abandoned Ethiopian and Somali migrants after letting a number of them suffocate to death inside his vehicle. He dumped 43 bodies and abandoned survivors.
    (AP, 6/27/12)

2012        Jun 27, Twenty-four Ethiopians, including a leading opposition figure and a prominent journalist, faced life in prison after a court found them guilty on charges of terrorism. They were accused of links to US-based group Ginbot 7, considered a terrorist group under Ethiopian law, and other outlawed groups.
    (AFP, 6/27/12)

2012        Jun 29, The Ethiopian Railway Corporation (ERC) said it has forged two deals with Turkish and Chinese companies to build a railway connecting the landlocked country to Djibouti.
    (AFP, 6/29/12)

2012        Jul 2, The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) said it appears Ethiopia is extending and refining its censorship of Internet news with a sophistication that could encourage other authoritarian regimes in Africa. The rollout of a pervasive and sophisticated blocking system started in April to include smaller blogs by exiles and news services, and even individual Facebook pages.
    (AP, 7/2/12)

2012        Jul 7, Egyptian border guards arrested 68 Eritreans and Ethiopians trying to sneak across the border into Israel.
    (AFP, 7/8/12)

2012        Jul 13, An Ethiopian court jailed journalist Eskinder Nga for 18 years for "terrorism" and 23 other reporters and activists for between eight years and life, in sentences condemned by rights groups.
    (AFP, 7/13/12)

2012        Jul 15, In Ethiopia the leaders of Congo and Rwanda agreed in principle to back a neutral international armed force to combat Congo's newest rebellion and other fighters terrorizing civilians in the country's mineral-rich east. The African Union said it could help by sending soldiers.
    (AP, 7/16/12)

2012        Jul 26, In southern Ethiopia ethnic clashes erupted between the Borana and Garri tribes over a land dispute and left 18 dead and scores displaced.
    (AFP, 7/30/12)

2012        Aug 2, A court in London jailed an Ethiopian diplomat for trying to smuggle a large stash of cannabis through London's Heathrow Airport. Amelework Wondemagegne (36), an official at the Ethiopian embassy in Washington, had tried to claim diplomatic immunity when she was caught at the airport in April with 56 kilograms (123 pounds) of cannabis.
    (AFP, 8/2/12)

2012        Aug 17, Ethiopian Airlines received Africa's first Boeing 787 Dreamliner, making Ethiopia the only country aside from Japan to operate the innovative aircraft. Ethiopian Airlines has purchased ten 787 Dreamliners from Boeing.
    (AFP, 8/17/12)

2012        Aug 20, Meles Zenawi (b.1955), Ethiopia's long-time ruler, died of an undisclosed illness in Belgium. He was credited with economic gains, but blamed for human rights abuses, and was a major US counter-terrorism ally. Hailemariam Desalegn, who was appointed deputy prime minister and minister of foreign affairs in 2010, became acting prime minister.
    (AP, 8/21/12)

2012        Aug, In Aurora, Colorado, an Ethiopian identified as Kefelegn Alemu Worku was arrested for torturing political prisoners decades ago in his home country. He was spotted by happenstance and confronted in May 2011 in a suburban Denver restaurant by a former prisoner who recognized him as a guard at Higher 15, a detention center established during the late 1970s in a campaign known as the Red Terror.
    (AP, 9/4/12)

2012        Sep 10, Ethiopia said Swedish journalists Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye are to be pardoned and released. They have been in jail since July 2011 for abetting terrorism and entering the country illegally.
    (AP, 9/10/12)

2012        Sep 15, Ethiopia's ruling party named as its leader acting PM Hailemariam Desalegn, who took over after the death last month of longtime leader Meles Zenawi at the end of a congress of party bosses.
    (AP, 9/15/12)

2012        Oct 8, In Ethiopia Feteh, the country’s largest weekly at 27,500 copies, and Finote Netsanet, published by the largest opposition group, said they have been unable to reach their readers for several weeks. The papers said the state-owned Berhanena Selam printing company refuses to print them. The publishers were appealing to the country's newly appointed PM Hailemariam Desalegn to intervene.
    (AP, 10/8/12)

2012        Oct 29, In Ethiopia federal prosecutors charged a group of 29 Muslims, including a wife of a senior Cabinet minister, with terrorism and working to establish an Islamic republic. Before the charges were filed, the minister defended his wife, Habiba Mohammed, saying he had asked the Saudi ambassador for the money to help construct a mosque their family is building.
    (AP, 11/2/12)

2012        Nov 29, Ethiopia’s PM Hailemariam Desalegn fired the country's civil minister, Junedin Sado, whose wife is one of 29 people facing terrorism charges related to protests by Muslims who accuse of the government of meddling in their religious affairs. Hailemariam also promoted two ministers to double as deputy prime ministers, giving the country three deputy prime ministers for the first time.
    (AP, 11/29/12)

2013        Jan 1, An Ethiopian court found 10 men guilty of plotting terror attacks with Islamist extremist rebels from neighboring Somalia.
    (AP, 1/1/13)

2013        Jan 2, Ethiopian security forces announced the arrest of 15 people alleged to be members of a terror cell linked with al-Qaida. Authorities said the suspects were trained by al-Shabab militants in neighboring Somalia and Kenya.
    (AP, 1/3/13)

2013        Jan 10, Journalist Paul Salopek (50) departed a small Ethiopian village and took the first steps of a planned 21,000-mile (34,000-km) walk that will cross some 30 borders, where he will encounter dozens of languages and scores of ethnic groups. The walk from Ethiopia to Chile, which took human ancestors some 50,000 years to make, is called Out of Eden and is sponsored by National Geographic, the Knight Foundation and the Pulitzer Center for Crisis Reporting.
    (AP, 1/10/13)

2013        Jan 15, Ethiopia sentenced 10 men to jail terms of between three to 20 years for plotting terror attacks with Islamist extremist rebels from neighboring Somalia. Kenyan national, Hassan Jarso, who pleaded guilty when first charged in May, was sentenced with nine Ethiopians.
    (AP, 1/15/13)

2013        Jan 17, Ethiopian Airlines grounded its four Boeing 787 Dreamliners following a decision by the Federal Aviation Administration to take the planes out of service in the United States because of a risk of fire from its lithium batteries.
    (AP, 1/17/13)

2013        Jan 19, Officials in Ethiopia said South Sudan and Sudan have failed to reach an agreement on security arrangements and oil exports after several days of talks in Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 1/19/13)

2013        Jan 27, African Union leaders met in the Ethiopian capital for talks dominated by the conflict in Mali as well as lingering territorial issues between the two Sudans. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon attended the two-day summit in Addis Ababa, where Ethiopian PM Hailemariam Desalegn took over from President Yayi Boni of Benin as chairperson of the African Union.
    (AP, 1/27/13)

2013        Jan, Paul Salopek (b.1962), American journalist, began a 7-year trek from Ethiopia to Chile aiming to reproduce man’s global migration.
    (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Salopek)(SSFC, 11/24/13, p.A19)

2013        Feb 24, In Ethiopia 11 African countries signed a UN-drafted peace deal to stabilize Congo DRC, where rebels allegedly backed by neighboring countries last year threatened to oust the government.
    (AP, 2/24/13)

2013        Mar 1, In Israel Abraham Kabeto Ketla of Ethiopia won the third Jerusalem marathon, setting a record for the race. About 20,000 runners took part despite protests by Palestinians.
    (AP, 3/1/13)

2013        Apr 27, Ethiopian Airlines flew a Boeing 787 from Ethiopia to Nairobi, Kenya, the first commercial flight of the Dreamliner since it was grounded for smoldering batteries.
    (SSFC, 4/28/13, p.A5)

2013        May 4, Ethiopian authorities detained reporter Muluken Tesfaw of the private weekly Ethio-Mehedar as he covered evictions 100 km from the site of the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. The government has acknowledged the March evictions were illegal and Tesfaw was later released.
    (AP, 5/31/13)(AP, 6/7/13)

2013        May 14, An Ethiopian court ruled that prosecutors have two weeks to finalize corruption charges against two dozen people who have been arrested, including a senior Cabinet minister.
    (AP, 5/14/13)

2013        May 28, Ethiopia’s Deputy PM Demeke Mekonnin told officials at a ceremony diverting Blue Nile flow at the dam construction site that the Great Ethiopian Renaissance Dam will provide hydroelectricity not only for Ethiopia but also for neighboring countries.
    (AP, 5/28/13)

2013        May 31, A UN official said more than 23,500 people have fled fighting in South Sudan's Jonglei state and sought refuge in neighboring countries of Uganda (2.5k), Kenya (5k) and Ethiopia (16k).
    (AP, 6/1/13)

2013        Jun 2, In Ethiopia at least 4,000 demonstrators marched peacefully in Addis Ababa against unemployment and corruption and demanded the release of political prisoners.
    (Econ, 6/8/13, p.55)

2013        Jun 10, Egyptian Prime Minister Hesham Kandil said the country will work diplomatically, legally and technically to negotiate with Ethiopia over the so-called Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam.
    (AP, 6/10/13)

2013        Jun 13, Ethiopia's parliament ratified the new Nile River Cooperative Framework Agreement, an accord already signed by five other Nile River countries. It replaces colonial-era deals that awarded Egypt and Sudan the majority of the world's longest river.
    (AP, 6/13/13)

2013        Aug 9, In Somalia an Ethiopian military aircraft carrying ammunition crash-landed at Mogadishu's international airport, bursting into flames and killing 4 of the six crew members.
    (Reuters, 8/9/13)

2013        Oct 12, In Ethiopia foreign ministers of the 54-member African Union agreed that sitting heads of state should not be tried by the International Criminal Court where Kenya's leaders are in the dock. They also called for deferring the cases of Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta and his deputy, William Ruto.
    (Reuters, 10/12/13)

2013        Oct 13, In Ethiopia an explosion killed two people and impacted a home used by US Embassy personnel in Addis Ababa. Two Somali suicide bombers, who had planned to kill soccer fans during Ethiopia's World Cup qualifying match against Nigeria, blew themselves up accidentally.
    (AP, 10/13/13)(Reuters, 10/14/13)

2013        Oct 18, Ethiopia unveiled the first phase of a space exploration program, which includes East Africa's largest observatory designed to promote astronomy research in the region.
    (AFP, 10/18/13)

2013        Oct 19, In Somalia a suicide bomber killed at least 16 people, including 4 Ethiopian soldiers, in an attack on a cafe in Beledweyne, a town close to the Ethiopian border frequented by local and foreign soldiers fighting al Qaeda-linked rebels.
    (AFP, 10/19/13)(SSFC, 10/20/13, p.A7)

2013        Oct 25, Ethiopia banned domestic workers from moving overseas for employment, following an "exodus" of workers leaving the country through illegal placement agencies.
    (AFP, 10/25/13)

2013        Oct 26, In Ethiopia Africa's biggest wind farm began production, aiding efforts to diversify electricity generation from hydropower plants and help the country become a major regional exporter of energy.
    (Reuters, 10/26/13)

2013        Nov 5, In Ethiopia 4 people were killed in a bomb blast on a bus near the Sudanese border. Security forces were on high alert following attack warnings.
    (AFP, 11/7/13)

2013        Nov 10, In Saudi Arabia thousands of illegal migrants, targeted in a nationwide crackdown, surrendered to police. In Riyadh 2 people were killed when a police raid targeting Ethiopian residents sparked a minor riot.
    (AFP, 11/10/13)(SFC, 11/11/13, p.A2)(Econ, 11/16/13, p.52)

2013        Nov 12, In Saudi Arabia thousands of Africans, mostly Ethiopians, surrendered to authorities for a second day Ethiopia announced the death of three citizens during clashes in the Gulf kingdom.
    (AFP, 11/12/13)

2013        Nov 13, In Saudi Arabia Ethiopia’s ambassador in Riyadh said some 23,000 Ethiopians have handed themselves in since Saudi authorities clamped down on illegal foreign workers 10 days ago. A Sudanese man was killed in a second flare of clashes since Nov 9 between Saudi riot police, citizens and foreign workers in Riyadh.
    (AFP, 11/13/13)(Reuters, 11/13/13)

2013        Dec 5, Ethiopia said it has repatriated over 100,000 citizens from Saudi Arabia, following a violent crackdown against illegal immigrants in the oil-rich kingdom.
    (AFP, 12/5/13)

2013        Dec 9, Water ministers from Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan held talks on an Ethiopian dam project, after Egypt's objections delayed formation of a committee to implement expert advice.
    (AFP, 12/9/13)

2013        Dec 25, In Ethiopia Asfaw Berhanu, a former contributor to the private paper The Reporter, was convicted of charges stemming from a news story he wrote saying three government officials had been removed from their posts. An Ethiopian court sentenced him to two years and nine months in jail.
    (AP, 12/31/13)

2013        In Ethiopia Fikru Maru, an Ethiopian-born Swedish doctor, was arrested after a years-long dispute over equipment for his cardiology clinic in Addis Ababa. A terrorism charge came years later after he and others were accused of starting a deadly fire in the Qilinto prison where they were held. Maru was released in 2018.
    (AP, 5/11/18)

2014        Jan 1, South Sudanese President Salva Kiir declared a state of emergency in Unity and Jonglei states. Negotiators from the two warring sides arrived in Ethiopia for peace talks.
    (Reuters, 1/1/14)(AP, 1/1/14)

2014        Jan 3, In Ethiopia South Sudan's warring parties began negotiations to end nearly three weeks of raging conflict which has left thousands feared dead and taken the world's youngest nation to the brink of all-out civil war. Fighting intensified as the army moved on rebel-held Bor.
    (AFP, 1/3/14)

2014        Jan 4, South Sudan’s rebel and government sides met mediators from the regional IGAD grouping in Ethiopia for a second day but did not sit down together.
    (Reuters, 1/4/14)

2014        Jan 23, South Sudan's government and rebels signed a peace deal in Ethiopia aimed at ending the month-old conflict as fighting continued in oil-rich Unity state and in Jonglei state.
    (AP, 1/24/14)

2014        Jan 30, Leaders of the 54-member African Union met in Ethiopia for a two-day summit with the conflict in the Central African Republic and South Sudan dominating the agenda.
    (AFP, 1/30/14)

2014        Jan, Japan’s PM Shinzo Abe visited the Ivory Coast, Mozambique and Ethiopia to counter China’s success in building diplomatic support and winning access to raw materials.
    (Econ, 1/25/14, p.34)

2014        Feb 17, Ethiopian Airlines co-pilot Hailemedehin Abera Tagegn (31) locked his colleague out of the cockpit, hijacked a Rome-bound plane and landed in Geneva, all in an attempt to seek asylum in Switzerland. On March 16, 2015, Tagegn was convicted in absentia by Ethiopia’s high court.
    (AP, 2/17/14)(AFP, 2/17/14)

2014        Mar 13, East African heads of state met in Addis Ababa in the latest push for peace in war-torn South Sudan, where almost three months of raging conflict has left thousands dead.
    (AFP, 3/13/14)

2014        Apr 10, Two groups in Ethiopia said that they will hold an anti-gay demonstration later this month, a move that puts Ethiopia in line to become the next African country to increase the public demonization of gays.
    (AP, 4/10/14)

2014        Apr 15, In western Ethiopia gunmen ambushed a bus carrying dozens of people near the Sudanese border, killing 9 and wounding six.
    (Reuters, 4/16/14)

2014        Apr 29, Ethiopian police said they have arrested several people for "serious criminal activities." Rights groups said they were journalists and “Zone 9” bloggers detained in a sweeping crackdown against free speech. On Oct 16, 2015, Four of the bloggers and journalists were acquitted of terrorism after 18 months in jail. Journalist Befekadu Hailu, while being acquitted of terrorism charges, remained in custody on charges of inciting violence. Soleyana Gebremichael, in exile in the US, was acquitted of all charges in absentia.
    (AFP, 4/29/14)(AFP, 10/16/15)

2014        May 1, Ethiopia authorities said at least 11 students have been killed in violent clashes with police. Violence erupted April 28 in a number of university campuses across Oromia state as ethnic Oromo students protested a plan by the government to expand the capital, Addis Ababa, into parts of Oromia.
    (AP, 5/2/14)

2014        May 3, In Sudan hundreds of exhausted illegal migrants reached the safety of a northern town, after 10 died when human traffickers abandoned them in the desert. Most appeared to be Ethiopian or Eritrean but there were some Sudanese as well.
    (AP, 5/3/14)

2014        May 9, South Sudanese President Salva Kiir arrived in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to meet rebel leader Riek Machar under growing international pressure for an end to ethnic fighting that has raised fears of genocide.
    (Reuters, 5/9/14)

2014        May 23, In Colorado a federal judge sentenced a former Ethiopian jail guard to 22 years in prison for immigration crimes. Kefelgn Alemu Worku was convicted of genocide in absentia in Ethiopia in 2000 and sentenced to death. He reportedly had tortured and killed dozens of people during government sponsored violence in the 1970s.
    (SFC, 5/24/14, p.A11)

2014        May 31, Sixty migrants from Somalia and Ethiopia and two Yemeni crew members drowned in the Red Sea in the worst such tragedy off the coast of Yemen this year.
    (AFP, 6/6/14)

 2014        Jun 2, A Yemeni security official and witnesses said the bodies of dozens of illegal immigrants, mostly from Somalia and Ethiopia, have been found on western beaches after their boat capsized in the Red Sea. The bodies started turning up on May 30.
    (AP, 6/2/14)

2014        Jun, Andargachew Tsigie, the exiled secretary general of Ethiopia’s Ginbot 7 opposition movement, was detained in transit through Yemen and flown to Ethiopia.
    (Econ, 8/9/14, p.42)

2014        Jul 2, The UN's food aid agency warned that Ethiopia is facing a huge wave of refugees from South Sudan, where the specter of famine threatens to heap further misery on a people already rocked by civil war.
    (AFP, 7/2/14)

2014        Aug 19, The UN said the spiraling crisis in war-ravaged South Sudan has sent nearly 200,000 refugees into Ethiopia, making it Africa's largest refugee-hosting country.
    (AFP, 8/19/14)

2014        Sep 8, In Ethiopia African Union chiefs held an emergency meeting to hammer out a continent-wide strategy to deal with the Ebola epidemic, which has killed over 2,000 people in west Africa.
    (AFP, 9/8/14)

2014        Oct 27, UN chief Ban Ki-moon announced at the start of a visit to Ethiopia that the EU and several regional development banks have pledged $8 billion in development aid for projects across eight countries in the Horn of Africa. Countries targeted are Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Uganda.
    (AFP, 10/27/14)(AP, 10/27/14)

2014        Nov 8, The African Union, African Development Bank and regional business leaders meeting in in Ethiopia announced a crisis fund to help areas hit by the Ebola outbreak.
    (AFP, 11/9/14)

2014        Dec 19, The pilot of the Ethiopian attack helicopter forced his co-pilot and technician to land in Eritrean territory. The helicopter was conducting a routine training flight when it disappeared.
    (AP, 12/23/14)

2015        Jan 13, Ethiopia reported that the city of Mekele has banned smoking in public places with fines more than an average monthly wage, the first city in the country to do so.
    (AFP, 1/13/15)

2015        Jan 30, African Union leaders opened a two-day annual summit in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa. The 54-member bloc called for a regional five-nation force of 7,500 troops to defeat the "horrendous" rise of Nigeria's Boko Haram Islamist militants.
    (AFP, 1/30/15)
2015        Jan 30, In Ethiopia Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe (90) took over the post of African Union chairman, replacing Mauritania's President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz.
    (AFP, 1/30/15)

2015        Feb 1, After a two-day summit held in the African Union's Chinese-built headquarters in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, heads of state proposed new taxes on airline tickets, hotel stays and text messages.
    (AFP, 2/1/15)

2015        Feb 23, Kenyan police arrested 101 Ethiopian nationals suspected of traveling illegally through Kenya on their way to South Africa.
    (AP, 2/24/15)

2015        Mar 4, Scientists reported that a jawbone found in northeast Ethiopia was about 2.8 million years old making it the oldest to date for the Homo branch of humans.
    (SFC, 3/5/15, p.A2)

2015        Mar 12, In Somalia 6 policemen were killed when al Shabaab Islamist militants detonated a car bomb outside a regional government headquarters in Baidoa. Five Al-Qaeda-affiliated Shebab militants opened fire at the gate of the high-security zone in Baidoa but were held off by Ethiopian and Somali government troops. An Ethiopian soldier was killed, three of the attackers blew themselves up, another was shot dead and the fifth was shot and wounded, ending the attack.
    (AP, 3/12/15)(Reuters, 3/12/15)

2015        Mar 20, Ethiopian officials set fire to 6.1 tons of illegal elephant tusks, ivory trinkets, carvings and various forms of jewelry on a wooden pyre in Addis Ababa to discourage poaching and the ivory trade.
    (AP, 3/20/15)

2015        Mar 24, The leaders of Egypt and Ethiopia promised to boost cooperation on the Nile river and turn a page on a long-running row over Addis Ababa's controversial dam project.
    (AFP, 3/24/15)

2015        Apr 19, The new video was posted by the Islamic State appeared to show militants shooting and beheading about 30 Ethiopian Christians in Libya.
    (Reuters, 4/19/15)

2015        May 12, Eritrean diplomat Mohammed Idris, from the Red Sea state's mission to the African Union, sought asylum in Ethiopia, citing rights abuses at home.
    (Reuters, 5/13/15)

2015        May 17, Ethiopia said two hundred suspected human smugglers have been detained as part of the government's efforts to stem the number of citizens trying to illegally migrate to Europe.
    (AP, 5/18/15)

2015        May 24, Ethiopians voted in the country's first general elections since the death of strongman Meles Zenawi in 2012. On May 27 the electoral board said the ruling party and its allies won an overwhelming majority in parliament in the weekend elections. Final results on June 22 showed the ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) swept all but one seat in the 547-seat parliament. The opposition complained of voting abuses.
    (AFP, 5/24/15)(AFP, 5/27/15)(Reuters, 6/22/15)

2015        Jul 1, In Ethiopia $1.8 billion the Gibe III dam was completed on the Omo river. It was expected to lower the water level of Lake Turkana by 30 feet.
    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilgel_Gibe_III_Dam)(Econ, 7/11/15, p.44)

2015        Jul 26, President Barack Obama arrived in Ethiopia, the first time a sitting US president has been to this East African country.
    (AP, 7/26/15)

2015        Jul 27, In Ethiopia US President Barack Obama praised the country for its fight against Shebab militants in Somalia, but also challenged Addis Ababa on its democratic record.
    (AFP, 7/27/15)

2015        Jul 28, In Ethiopia US President Barack Obama said that Ethiopia "cannot unleash the full potential of its people" if it jails journalists and restricts legitimate opposition groups. In a speech at the African Union, Obama also said Central African Republic leaders needed to commit to inclusive elections and a peaceful transition of power.
    (Reuters, 7/28/15)

2015        Aug 16, East African leaders met in Ethiopia ahead of a deadline for South Sudan's warring leaders to strike a peace deal or risk international sanctions.
    (AFP, 8/16/15)

2015        Oct 14, Ethiopia called for $556 million in int’l. assistance to help feed 8.2 million people after erratic rains devastated crop yields.
    (SFC, 10/15/15, p.A2)

2015        Nov 15, Israel approved the entry of some 9,000 Ethiopians known as Falash Mura who claim Jewish lineage, ending decades of debate on whether to allow their immigration despite uncertainty over their right to settle in the Jewish state.
    (Reuters, 11/16/15)

2015        Dec 11, In Ethiopia at least 17 people were injured when a grenade was thrown into the main Anwar Mosque in Addis Ababa after Friday prayers.
    (AFP, 12/12/15)

2015        Dec 15, Ethiopia's government said 5 people had died in weeks of protests sparked by land grab fears in the country's Oromia region, dismissing opposition reports of dozens dead and scores arrested.
    (AFP, 12/15/15)

2015        Dec 18, The United States government announced $88 million to help feed hungry people in drought-stricken areas of Ethiopia, bringing the total amount of humanitarian aid to the country in 2015 to more than $435 million.
    (AP, 12/18/15)

2015        Dec 19, Human Rights Watch said at least 75 people have been killed during weeks of protests in Ethiopia, which have seen soldiers and police firing on demonstrators protesting a government plan to incorporate some rural areas into the capital city, Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 12/19/15)(SFC, 12/24/15, p.A4)

2015        Dec 29, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Sudan signed an agreement finalizing the two firms tasked with carrying out studies on the potential impact of Ethiopia's $4.8 billion Grand Renaissance Dam on the flow of the Nile.
    (Reuters, 12/29/15)(Econ, 1/16/16, p.49)

2015        Dec 31, In southern Ethiopia a hand grenade attack killed two students and injured six at Dilla University in the SNNPR region.
    (Reuters, 1/1/16)

2015        The population of Ethiopia was about 100 million.
    (Econ, 12/12/15, p. 23)

2016        Jan 8, Human Rights Watch said at least 140 people have been killed in Ethiopia over the past two months in a crackdown on anti-government protests sparked by plans to expand the capital into farmland.
    (AFP, 1/8/16)

2016        Jan 13, Ethiopia's government said it would abandon plans to expand the capital Addis Ababa into surrounding areas of Oromia federal region after almost two months of protests reported to have left scores of people dead.
    (AFP, 1/13/16)

2016        Jan 15, Ethiopia faced its worst drought in decades, leading the UN food agency to call for an emergency cash injection of $50 million to help the country overcome the crisis.
    (Reuters, 1/15/16)

2016        Jan 23, In Ethiopia UN Security Council ambassadors and African Union leaders met for crisis talks on Burundi, after the government refused a proposed AU force to stem violence in the troubled country.
    (AFP, 1/23/16)

2016        Jan 30, African leaders met in Addis Ababa in a bid to end armed crises, including in troubled Burundi, with an unprecedented vote on deploying a 5,000-strong peacekeeping force despite Burundi's vehement opposition.
    (AFP, 1/30/16)

2016        Jan 31, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon warnedy Ethiopia is struggling from its worst drought for 30 years with some 10.2 million in dire need of life saving aid.
    (AFP, 1/31/16)
2016        Jan 31, The US Agency for International Development announced that the US has boosted its emergency food aid to Ethiopia by nearly $100 million to combat one of the worst droughts in decades.
    (AP, 1/31/16)

2016        Feb 4, The UN children's agency released a report saying at least 200 million girls and women in 30 countries are estimated to have undergone female circumcision — half of them in Egypt, Ethiopia and Indonesia.
    (AP, 2/4/16)

2016        Feb, In southern Ethiopia 7 federal policemen were killed by local militia during a violent wave of disturbances. The local Oromo resented the sale or lease of government land to foreign investors.
    (Econ, 3/26/16, p.58)

2016        Mar 8, In Ethiopia dozens of university students protested in Addis Ababa, demanding an end to police crackdowns that followed months of demonstrations over plans to requisition farmland in the country's Oromiya region late last year.
    (Reuters, 3/8/16)

2016        Apr 4, The Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation reported that 23 people were killed and 84 more people were injured when a river that crosses Jigjiga, the regional capital of the Somali region, burst its banks a day earlier.
    (AP, 4/5/16)

2016        Apr 15, Ethnic Murle gunmen from South Sudan killed 208 people and kidnapped 102 children in a cross-border raid on the Nuer tribe in Ethiopia.
    (AFP, 4/17/16)(AFP, 4/18/16)

2016        Apr 21, Ethiopian troops were operating in South Sudan after crossing the border to rescue some 125 Ethiopian children who were kidnapped during a bloody cattle raid. Top officials from both countries sought to coordinate their efforts.
    (AP, 4/21/16)

2016        Apr 30, Authorities in South Sudan said they have recovered 32 of the 125 Ethiopian children who the Ethiopian government said were abducted from its Gambela region two weeks ago during a deadly cattle raid blamed on a South Sudanese militia.
    (AP, 4/30/16)

2016        May 4, Ethiopian media reported that a ban on smoking at public gatherings has been announced by the mayor of Addis Ababa. The new law makes smoking illegal in bars, cafés, restaurants, schools, hospitals and stadiums as well as cultural and religious events, but smoking on the streets is still permitted.
    (AFP, 5/4/16)

2016        Jun 9, In central Somalia at least 30 Ethiopian troops were killed in a suicide bomb attack on a base for African Union peacekeepers. The African Union AMISOM force fighting in Somalia said its troops repelled an attack on one of its bases by the al Shabaab Islamist group and killed 110 militants.
    (AP, 6/9/16)(Reuters, 6/9/16)

2016        Jun 12, Eritrea's Information Ministry said Ethiopia has unleashed an attack against Eritrea in the Tsorona Central Front.
    (AP, 6/13/16)

2016        Jun 16, In Zambia 19 Ethiopian migrants suffocated to death along the border with Congo inside a container truck, where survivors inside banged on the sides until border officials opened it. A total of 95 Ethiopians were aboard the truck.
    (AP, 6/24/16)

2016        Jun 23, Hundreds of Eritrean refugees and dissidents in Ethiopia demonstrated against alleged human rights abuses committed by their government back home, expressing support for a new UN commission report that accuses the government of crimes against humanity, including enslavement, rape and torture, over the past 25 years.
    (AP, 6/23/16)

2016        Jul 4, Italian police arrested 25 Eritreans, 12 Ethiopians and an Italian who they said belonged to an organization that had smuggled thousands of migrants into Europe from Africa.
    (AP, 7/4/16)

2016        Aug 7, In Ethiopia about 50 people were killed in clashes between police and anti-government demonstrators as protests swept the vast Oromia region and Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 8/8/16)

2016        Aug 8, Amnesty Int’l. said Ethiopian security forces shot dead at least 67 people in the Oromia region over the weekend. An opposition politician said more than 70 people were killed across Oromia with hundreds detained during protests.
    (SFC, 8/9/16, p.A3)

2016        Sep 3, In Ethiopia as many as 23 people died in a fire at the Kilinto prison on the outskirts of Addis Ababa.
    (http://tinyurl.com/hbgnw44)(SFC, 9/6/16, p.A2)

2016        Sep 13, Somalia hosted regional African heads of state for a summit that was the first of its kind since the nation plunged into conflict in 1991. The one-day meeting in Mogadishu of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) included Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda and Somalia.
    (Reuters, 9/13/16)

2016        Oct 1, Ethiopian police arrested Seyoum Teshome, an outspoken university lecturer and blogger who criticized the government, especially its handling of the ongoing protests in the Oromia and Amhara regions.
    (AP, 10/4/16)

2016        Oct 2, In Ethiopia police in the Oromiya region fired teargas and warning shots to disperse anti-government protesters at a religious festival, triggering a stampede that killed 52 people. The clashes between security forces and protesters continued into the next day in the towns of Bishoftu and Ambo.
    (Reuters, 10/2/16)(AP, 10/3/16)

2016        Oct 4, In Ethiopia a US citizen was killed on the outskirts of Addis Ababa when the vehicle she was in was struck by rocks thrown by people in the area.
    (Reuters, 10/5/16)

2016        Oct 5, Ethiopia launched a railway linking the country with a major port on the Gulf of Aden in Djibouti. The line ran through the restive region of Oromia.
    (SFC, 10/6/16, p.A5)

2016        Oct 7, Ethiopia’s government said that 11 factories and dozens of vehicles had been damaged in attacks by what it called “antipeace forces.”
    (SFC, 10/8/16, p.A2)

2016        Oct 8, The ruling Ethiopian people’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRFD) announced a 6-month state of emergency following months of violent anti-government protests, its biggest anti-government unrest in a decade, from the majority Oromo and Amhara ethnic groups which feel marginalized by a minority-led government and recent unrest over the tragedy at Bishoftu.
    (AFP, 10/9/16)(Econ, 10/15/16, p.43)

2016        Oct 11, Ethiopian PM Hailemariam Desalegn said his government wants to reform an electoral system which has excluded the opposition, in response to months of bloody protests.
    (AFP, 10/11/16)

2016        Oct 20, Ethiopian authorities said they had detained 1,645 people since declaring a state of emergency less than two weeks ago in a bid to quell mass protests and violence.
    (Reuters, 10/20/16)

2016        Nov 1, Ethiopia's PM Hailemariam Desalegn reshuffled his cabinet to create a more ethnically diverse team after an unprecedented wave of protests.
    (AFP, 11/1/16)

2016        Nov 22, Ethiopian authorities detained about 20 vintage biplanes and their pilots, including Americans, who were participating in a trans-Africa Vintage Air Rally. All were released after two days.
    (AP, 11/24/16)(AP, 11/27/16)

2016        Nov 30, In Ethiopia Merera Gudina (60), chairman of the Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), was arrested at his home in Addis Ababa and was held in an unknown location with three others. Earlier this month Gudina had addressed the European Parliament in Brussels, alongside Olympic silver medalist runner and fellow member of the Oromo tribe, Feyisa Lilesa.
    (AFP, 12/1/16)

2016        Dec 18, It was reported that a species of ant living in ancient forests of Ethiopia has begun exhibiting signs of supercolony formation. The country’s Lepisiota canescens have formed one colony that stretches for 24 miles and could lead to its invasion of other parts of the world.
    (SSFC, 12/18/16, p.C14)

2017        Feb 3, Ethiopian officials said nine Yemenis deported from the United States in the wake of US President Donald Trump's travel ban were flown to Ethiopia, then taken to neighboring Djibouti.
    (Reuters, 2/3/17)

2017        Feb 14, Human Rights Watch said the huge newly-built Ethiopian Gibe III dam is cutting off the supply of water to Lake Turkana in northern Kenya.
    (AFP, 2/14/17)

2017        Mar 1, It was reported that a network of schools in Ethiopia linked to Muslim cleric Fethullah Gulen, accused by Turkey of masterminding a failed coup attempt last year, is changing ownership to a group of educators from Germany.
    (AP, 3/1/17)

2017        Mar 11, In Ethiopia at least 30 people were killed and dozens more hurt in a giant landslide at the Koshe landfill, country’s largest rubbish dump, on the outskirts of Addis Ababa. The death toll soon climbed to 72.
    (AFP, 3/12/17)(AFP, 3/14/17)

2017        Mar 13, In Ethiopia gunmen from South Sudan killed 28 people and kidnapped 43 in Gambella's Gog and Jor areas.
    (Reuters, 3/15/17)

2017        Mar 16, Ethiopia's military rescued six children kidnapped by South Sudanese raiders in a cross-border attack, but dozens of others remain missing and soldiers are pursuing the gunmen to recover them.
    (Reuters, 3/17/17)

2017        Mar 30, Ethiopia's parliament approved a four month extension of a state of emergency that was first imposed in October to quell nearly a year of anti-government protests.
    (AFP, 3/30/17)

2017        Apr 13, Ethiopia's government said 10 rebels who attacked vehicles headed to a massive dam project and killed nine people have been sentenced from nine years to life in prison. The rebels were arrested in March.
    (AP, 4/13/17)

2017        Apr 18, The Ethiopian Human Rights Commission said months of violence, that sparked a current state of emergency, have left at least 669 people dead in the restive Oromia and other regions.
    (SFC, 4/19/17, p.A2)

2017        May 16, In Ethiopia a judge in Addis Ababa found former opposition spokesman Yonatan Tesfaye guilty of encouraging terrorism with a series of anti-government Facebook posts in 2015.
    (AFP, 5/16/17)

2017        May 26, An Ethiopian court sentenced journalist Getachew Shiferaw to 18 months in prison on charges of subversion. Shiferaw was arrested in late December 2015 and charged in May last year with involvement in the operations of the outlawed anti-government group Ginbot 7. He was expected to be freed within a week.
    (Reuters, 5/26/17)

2017        Jul 3, In Ethiopia Zimbabwe's President Robert Mugabe handed over $1 million (880,000 euros) at the start of the AU's bi-annual summit in Addis Ababa, after auctioning off 300 of his own cattle, as well as those belonging to some of his supporters to help make the AU self-supporting.
    (AFP, 7/3/17)

2017        Jul 17, In Ethiopia retail business owners in some towns of the Oromiya region went on strike over the imposition of a revised tax law, the latest unrest to plague a province that was shaken by violence for months in 2015 and 2016.
    (AP, 7/19/17)

2017        Aug 3, USAID said the Trump administration has given $169 million to feed people starving in Ethiopia and Kenya.
    (Reuters, 8/3/17)

2017        Aug 4, Ethiopia arrested Alemayehu Gujo, its state minister for finance, on suspicion of corruption. This was part of an anti-graft drive that the government says has led to dozens of arrests in the last two weeks. Zayed Woldegabriel, the Director General of the Ethiopian Roads Authority. was also detained.
    (Reuters, 8/4/17)

2017        Aug 31, US aid chief Mark Green said the United States will give a further $91 million in food aid to Ethiopia to avert famine in the southeast, as he urged the government to open up political dialogue to all sides after deadly protests last year.
    (Reuters, 8/31/17)

2017        Oct 1, An Ethiopian religious festival transformed into a rare moment of open defiance to the government one year after a stampede started by police killed at least 50 people at the annual Oromos Irreecha festival. This had followed months of protest that resulted in 22,000 arrests and at least 940 deaths, according to the government-linked human rights commission.
    (AFP, 10/1/17)

2017        Oct 11, In Ethiopia six people were left dead in the Oromia region following antigovernment protests.
    (SFC, 10/13/17, p.A2)

2017        Oct 12, In Ethiopia more than 15,000 people rallied in Wolisso, Oromia state, against the country’s ruling elite.
    (SFC, 10/13/17, p.A2)

2017        Oct 22, Ethiopian officials said eleven people have been killed in clashes in the restive Oromia region as the country continues to experience anti-government protests that at times lead to ethnic violence.
    (AP, 10/22/17)

2017        Oct 26, In Ethiopia at least five people were killed in a town in the restive Oromiya region after police opened fire during a protest. Protesters had blocked the main road in Ambo to demonstrate against sugar shortages, before police arrived to disperse the crowd.
    (Reuters, 10/26/17)

2017        Nov 18, Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, for the second time in as many days, delivered a stern warning to Ethiopia over a dam it is building after the two countries along with Sudan failed to approve a study on its potential effects.
    (AP, 11/18/17)

2017        Nov 27, Ethiopia’s state-controlled broadcaster reported that a renewed bout of clashes between two of the country’s largest ethnic groups killed more than 20 people last week.
    (AFP, 11/27/17)

2017        Nov 28, Ethiopia said more than 1,300 citizens have been expelled from Saudi Arabia in "recent days" after a warning for undocumented migrants to voluntarily leave the Gulf nation expired.
    (AP, 11/29/17)

2017        Dec 3, In northeastern Ethiopia a German national was killed in an attack near a volcanic lake at Erta Ale.
    (AP, 12/5/17)

2017        Dec 18, South Sudanese rebels accused the government army of attacking one of their bases overnight as a new round of peace talks between the warring sides opened in the Ethiopian capital.
    (Reuters, 12/17/17)

2017        Ian Campbell authored “The Addis Ababa Massacre: Italy’s National Shame.”
    (Econ 7/22/17, p.66)

2018        Jan 3, Ethiopia's PM Hailemariam Desalegn announced plans to drop charges against political prisoners and close a notorious prison camp in what he called an effort to "widen the democratic space for all."
    (AP, 1/3/18)

2018        Jan 10, Ethiopian lawmakers approved a ban on foreign adoptions.
    (SFC, 1/11/18, p.A2)

2018        Jan 15, Ethiopia’s Attorney General Getachew Ambaye told journalists that 528 people had so far been selected for clemency, including Merera Gudina - leader of the opposition group Oromo Federalist Congress who was arrested in late 2015. Ambaye said all 528 will be released within two months.
    (AP, 1/15/18)

2018        Jan 17, Ethiopia's top opposition figure and hundreds of others were released from prison as part of the government's recent pledge to free detained politicians and "widen the democratic space for all" after the worst anti-government protests in a quarter-century.
    (AP, 1/17/18)

2018        Jan 20, Ethiopia's PM Hailemariam Desalegn rejected arbitration by the World Bank on a disagreement with Egypt over the hydroelectric dam that Ethiopia is building on the Nile River.
    (AP, 1/21/18)

2018        Jan 26, Authorities in Ethiopia's Oromiya province announced the pardon of over 2,000 prisoners jailed for involvement in unrest that gripped the country in 2015-2016.
    (Reuters, 1/26/18)

2018        Jan 28, The African Union summit opened in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa. UN leaders and the African Union urged stronger international cooperation.
    (AP, 1/28/18)

2018        Jan 29, The leaders of Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan met in Addis Ababa to discuss contentious issues related to the dam that Ethiopia is building on the Nile River.
    (AP, 1/29/18)   
2018        Jan 29, The African Union announced it has launched a new aviation deregulation scheme as more than 40 leaders from across the continent meet in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa for their annual summit.
    (AP, 1/29/18)

2018        Feb 8, Ethiopia’s attorney general's office said 746 more prisoners will be released, including a journalist and a senior opposition official who were jailed for conspiracy to commit terrorist acts. The names have been forwarded to President Mulatu Teshome, who has the power to grant their freedom.
    (Reuters, 2/8/18)

2018        Feb 5, An Ethiopian court sentenced Bekele Gerba, secretary general of the opposition group Oromo Federalist Congress, to six months in jail for contempt of court because he raised his hand when addressed by the judge rather than standing.
    (Reuters, 2/5/18)

2018        Feb 8, In Yemen people in the last of four boats carrying migrants were forced to swim to shore as they approached Shabwa province from Somalia. About 600 Ethiopian migrants, men and women, were aboard the boats and 25 were missing.
    (AP, 2/9/18)

2018        Feb 13, Ethiopia released Bekele Gerba, a senior opposition leader, more than two years after he was detained during mass protests over land rights. Demonstrators blocked roads in towns around Addis Ababa on the second day of a strike called to protest against Ethiopia's continued incarceration of opposition politicians.
    (Reuters, 2/13/18)

2018        Feb 15, Ethiopian PM Hailemariam Desalegn resigned after long-running political turmoil, an unprecedented move in the vast East African country. He will remain in power until parliament and the full council of the ruling coalition party, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), confirm his resignation.
    (AFP, 2/15/18)

2018        Feb 16, Ethiopia imposed in a state of emergency one day after PM Hailemariam Desalegn announced his surprise resignation. Authorities a day later said tt will last for six months.
    (Reuters, 2/17/18)

2018        Feb 21, Ethiopia released more than 1,500 prisoners in its eastern Somali region, days after the government declared a state of emergency to try to tamp down unrest in Africa's second most populous nation.
    (Reuters, 2/22/18)

2018        Feb 28, In Ethiopia representatives for thousands of Ethiopian Jews announced they will stage a mass hunger strike if Israel eliminates funding to allow them to join their families in that country.
    (AP, 2/28/18)

2018        Mar 1, Ethiopia acquired a stake in the Berbera port in the breakaway state of Somaliland, as a legal dispute raged over another major Horn of Africa shipping hub. Dubai-based DP World last week accused Djibouti of illegally seizing a port that is the main transit route to landlocked Ethiopia.
    (AP, 3/1/18)

2018        Mar 2, Ethiopia's parliament ratified the Feb. 16 state of emergency imposed after the prime minister announced his resignation, though votes against the bill exposed rifts within the ruling coalition.
    (Reuters, 3/2/18)

2018        Mar 12, In northern Ethiopia at least 38 people, mostly students, were killed when a bus plunged into a ravine in the Amhara region. Ten people survived the crash.
    (Reuters, 3/13/18)
2018        Mar 12, The Kenyan Red Cross Society said more than 2,000 Ethiopians have crossed into Kenya seeking refuge, after several civilians were killed in what the Ethiopian military said was a botched security operation targeting militants.
    (Reuters, 3/13/18)

2018        Mar 27, Ethiopia's ruling coalition named a new chairman late today. A vote to install Abiy Ahmed (42), a leader from the Oromo ethnic group, as prime minster was expected in the coming days in parliament.
    (AP, 3/28/18)(AFP, 3/28/18)

2018        Mar 31, Ethiopia's state media reported that more than 1,100 people have been arrested since the nation declared a state of emergency following the prime minister's resignation last month.
    (AFP, 3/31/18)

2018        Apr 2, Ethiopia's new PM Abiye Ahmed promised to push through democratic reforms in an effort to end three years of unrest that first erupted in the province of Oromiya from where he hails.
    (Reuters, 4/2/18)

2018        Apr 6, Meeting in Sudan the foreign ministers of Sudan, Egypt, and Ethiopia failed to reach an agreement in the lingering dispute over Ethiopia's massive dam on the Blue Nile. The Renaissance Dam is now 63 percent finished.
    (AP, 4/6/18)

2018        May 2, The Chinese state-backed documentary "Amazing China" portrayed the Huajian Group, which manufactured Ivanka Trump shoes, as a beneficent force spreading prosperity — in this case, by hiring thousands of Ethiopians at wages a fraction of what they'd have to pay in China. Huajian workers said they work without safety equipment for pay so low they can barely make ends meet.
    (AP, 5/2/18)

2018        May 15, Ethiopian authorities released Fikru Maru, an Ethiopian-born Swedish cardiologist, who has been in jail since 2013 on corruption and terrorism charges.
    (Reuters, 5/15/18)

2018        May 19, Ethiopia PM Abiy Ahmed said Saudi Arabia will soon release Mohammed Hussein Al Amoudi, an Ethiopian-born Saudi billionaire arrested in November during a crackdown on corruption.
    (Reuters, 5/20/18)
2018        May 19, Saudi Arabia began releasing Ethiopian citizens from detention centers following a request by new PM Abiy Ahmed to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman during a visit to Riyadh.
    (AP, 5/19/18)

2018        May 26, Ethiopia pardoned Andargachew Tsige, an opposition leader with British citizenship, who had been sentenced to death. Andargachew was pardoned "under special circumstances" along with 575 other inmates.
    (Reuters, 5/26/18)

2018        May, Ethiopia and Sudan agreed on a deal allowing Addis Ababa to take a stake in Sudan's largest sea gateway port of Port Sudan to diversify outlets and reduce port fees. The deal was made two days after Ethiopia reached a similar arrangement over the Port of Djibouti, Djibouti's main gateway for trade.
    (Reuters, 6/3/18)

2018        Jun 5, Ethiopia's new PM Abiy Ahmed, a former army officer who fought against Eritrea, declared the country would abide by a 2000 peace deal and 2002 boundary ruling, handing back the occupied frontier town of Badme.
    (AFP, 6/7/18)

2018        Jun 10, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed announced that Egypt will release 32 Ethiopian prisoners during his visit as he sought to assure Cairo that a massive upstream Nile dam would not cut into its share of the river.
    (AP, 6/11/18)

2018        Jun 20, Eritrea's President Isaias Afwerki announced he is sending a rare delegation to neighboring Ethiopia for peace talks, days after Ethiopia's new PM Abiy Ahmed took a major step toward calming deadly tensions with its decades-long rival.
    (AP, 6/20/18)
2018        Jun 20, South Sudan's President Salva Kiir headed to Ethiopia for talks with rebel leader Riek Machar on ending a five-year civil war in which tens of thousands of civilians have been killed.
    (Reuters, 6/20/18)

2018        Jun 21, South Sudanese rebels said that more time is needed to secure lasting peace in the country and it would be necessary to address the root causes of a civil war, after peace talks in Ethiopia between its leader Riek Machar and Pres. Salva Kiir.
    (Reuters, 6/21/18)

2018        Jun 23, In Ethiopia one person died and scores of others were hurt after a grenade blast sent crowds fleeing in panic at new PM Abiy Ahmed's first mass rally in Addis Ababa. A second person soon died after the deadly grenade attack which injured 156 people. Police soon arrested six people suspected of involvement in the blast.
    (AFP, 6/23/18)(AFP, 6/24/18)

2018        Jun 25, Violence erupted in Ethiopia's western Benishangul-Gumuz region. Within days nine were reported killed.
    (Reuters, 6/28/18)

2018        Jun 26, A delegation of top officials from Eritrea arrived in Ethiopia for the first peace talks in 20 years.
    (AP, 6/26/18)

2018        Jul 5, Ethiopia fired its prisons chief and took three opposition groups off its "terrorist" list, the latest steps in PM Abiy Ahmed's bold push to shake the African giant from decades of security-obsessed rule.
    (Reuters, 7/5/18)

2018        Jul 8, Eritrean President Isaias Afkweri met with Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed for a summit in Asmara for the first time in two decades as direct international telephone connection was restored between the two countries.
    (Reuters, 7/8/18)

2018        Jul 9, Eritrean and Ethiopian leaders formally restored relations, ending 20 years of enmity. Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed (42) and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki (72) also signed agreements in Asmara to open embassies in their respective capitals, restore flight services and use port facilities in Eritrea.
    (AP, 7/9/18)

2018        Jul 14, Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki pledged to resolve his country's dispute with Ethiopia in a historic visit to Addis Ababa aimed at cementing peace less than a week after the nations declared an end to two decades of conflict.
    (AFP, 7/14/18)

2018        Jul 16, Eritrea's President Isaias Afwerki reopened his country's embassy in Ethiopia, the latest in a series of dizzying peace moves after two decades of war between the neighbors.
    (AFP, 7/16/18)

2018        Jul 18, Eritrea and Ethiopia resumed commercial airline flights for the first time in two decades. Two flights left Addis Ababa within minutes of each other and an hour and a half later touched down in the Eritrean capital Asmara.
    (AFP, 7/18/18)

2018        Jul 20, It was reported that Ethiopia has passed a law that grants amnesty to political prisoners who have been released recently and reverses decades of security-obsessed rule.
    (Reuters, 7/20/18)

 2018        Jul 24, The UAE hosted the leaders of Ethiopia and Eritrea, lauding their "bold and historic" rapprochement as enhancing prospects for peace and prosperity.
    (Reuters, 7/24/18)

2018        Jul 26, Ethiopia's police said Semegnew Bekele, the construction manager of a controversial dam being built on the Nile River in Ethiopia, has been shot dead in Addis Ababa. The massive Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is now more than 63 percent complete.
    (AP, 7/26/18)
2018        Jul 26, In Washington, DC, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed oversaw the reunification of feuding wings of the Orthodox Tewahedo Church, one of the world's oldest Christian churches. The 2 Synods were reunited into one Holy Synod after 27 years.
    (AFP, 7/27/18)

2018        Aug 4, Ethiopian soldiers traded fire with members of local government security forces in the country's eastern Somali region after central authorities sought to arrest regional officials.
    (AP, 8/4/18)

2018        Aug 6, In Ethiopia Abdi Mohammed Omer, a former administrator of the Somali Region, was forced to resign. He was arrested weeks later after violence broke out in the provincial capital Jijiga.
    (Reuters, 10/19/18)

2018        Aug 7, Ethiopia's government signed an agreement to end hostilities with the Oromo Liberation Front, which it had previously declared a terrorist movement. The government signed a reconciliation agreement to end hostilities with the OLF's exiled leader Dawud Ibsa, who lives in exile in Asmara, Eritrea.
    (Reuters, 8/7/18)

2018        Aug 14, Ethiopia in an open letter published today asked dissident marathoner and Olympics silver medalist Feyisa Lilesa to come home, promising a "hero's welcome". Lilesa has lived in self-imposed exile in the US since 2016 when he raised his arms in a gesture against government repression while crossing the finish line in second place at the Rio Olympics.
    (AFP, 8/14/18)

2018        Aug 21, Ethiopian Airlines said it is teaming up with four African airlines and has inked a deal to set up a fifth, as it continues its expansion on the continent.
    (AFP, 8/22/18)

2018        Aug 30, An Ethiopian military helicopter crashed in the Oromia region and killed all 18 people on board, including two children.
    (AP, 8/30/18)

2018        Sep 5, Eritrea's state television said reported on plans to improve its transport connections with Ethiopia by upgrading a road that stretches from its port in Assab to a town across the border with its neighbor. The road has not been used for two decades since a two-year war broke out between the two countries in 1998.
    (Reuters, 9/5/18)
2018        Sep 5, Ethiopian, Eritrean and Somalia leaders met in Eritrea's capital Asmara, furthering the diplomatic thaw in the strategic Horn of Africa region.
    (AP, 9/5/18)

2018        Sep 6, Ethiopia reopened its embassy in the Eritrean capital, the latest step in restoring ties after the two nations ended decades of conflict.
    (AFP, 9/6/18)

2018        Sep 11, The leaders of Ethiopia and Eritrea re-opened crossing points on their shared border for the first time in 20 years, cementing a stunning reconciliation and giving Addis Ababa a direct route to its former foe's Red Sea ports.
    (Reuters, 9/11/18)

2018        Sep 12, In Ethiopia an agreement, brokered by regional bloc the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), was signed late today by South Sudan's President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar in Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 9/13/18)

2018        Sep 15, Ethiopia's exiled leadership of the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), which had previously been declared a terrorist movement by the government, returned home, marking another step in political reforms driven by the new prime minister.
    (Reuters, 9/15/18)
2018        Sep 15, In Ethiopia shops were looted and people attacked by mobs of Oromo youth who stormed through streets targeting businesses and homes of ethnic minorities. At least 23 people were killed in violence targeting minorities in the ethnic Oromo heartland near Addis Ababa.
    (Reuters, 9/17/18)

2018        Sep 16, Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki and Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed signed a "peace agreement "during a summit in Saudi Arabia.
    (AP, 9/16/18)
2018        Sep 16, In Ethiopia overnight ethnic-based attacks in the outskirts of Addis Ababa killed several people and caused hundreds to flee their homes. Police said 70 suspects were arrested.
    (AP, 9/16/18)

2018        Sep 17, In Ethiopia demonstrators flooded Addis Ababa, blocking roads and shutting businesses in an explosion of anger following the killing of 23 people on the city's outskirts over the weekend. State affiliated Fana Broadcasting said Ethiopian police have detained 200 people in connection with the violence.
    (AFP, 9/17/18)(Reuters, 9/17/18)

2018        Sep 28, In Ethiopia violence erupted after four local officials were killed during a visit to the Oromiya region. Ethnic Oromos living in Benishangul-Gumuz were attacked by members of other groups, and many fled into Oromiya.
    (Reuters, 10/2/18)

2018        Oct 2, Ethiopian officials said more than 70,000 people have fled ethnically-charged violence in western Ethiopia, part of an eruption of unrest that has piled pressure on reformist PM Abiy Ahmed.
    (Reuters, 10/2/18)

2018        Oct 5, Ethiopia's ruling EPRDF coalition extended the chairmanship of PM Abiy Ahmed (42), as he pushed through sweeping political and economic reforms.
    (Reuters, 10/5/18)

2018        Oct 10, In Ethiopia a group of "disgruntled" elite soldiers, who had been sent to quell bloody ethnic clashes on the capital's outskirts, marched on PM Abiy Ahmed's office to protest low salaries. PM Ahmed listened to the grievances, reprimanded them for the wrong procedure they followed to express those grievances, but concluded the meeting with a promise to meet properly in the near future.
    (AFP, 10/11/18)

2018        Oct 11, Italian PM Giuseppe Conte visited Ethiopia. He was expected to discuss migration, a sensitive topic in Italy, as well as investment opportunities in Ethiopia.
    (AP, 10/11/18)

2018        Oct 12, According to the UN refugee agency UNHCR Ethiopian authorities have registered more than 6,700 new arrivals from Eritrea since the border's opening. Eritrean refugee arrivals to Ethiopia have jumped to about 390 per day from around 53.
    (AFP, 10/12/18)

2018        Oct 16, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed created a new Ministry of Peace and handed half the posts in his cabinet to women in a sweeping cabinet reshuffle as he sought to tackle a wave of ethnic violence.
    (Reuters, 10/16/18)
2018        Oct 16, Ethiopia released some 1,100 of the youth from a military camp after a monthlong detention in which the federal police commissioner said they were "brainwashed." The youths had rallied to condemn killings of ethnic minorities on the outskirts of Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 10/20/18)

2018        Oct 30, In Germany Chancellor Angela Merkel opened the G20 Compact with Africa meeting saying it's critical "not only to talk about Africa but to talk with Africa" about development needs and goals. So far 11 countries have joined the program: Benin, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Morocco, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo and Tunisia.
    (AP, 10/30/18)

2018        Oct, In Ethiopia the secessionist Ogaden National Liberation Front group declared a unilateral ceasefire this month in the Somali Region in the wake of reforms. The province holds four trillion cubic feet of oil and gas reserves, government estimates show. China’s GCL-Poly Petroleum Investments has been developing two gas fields there since 2013.
    (AP, 10/19/18)

2018        Nov 9, In Ethiopia Somalia's President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki met with Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed to cement regional economic ties as relations warm between the once-rival nations.
    (AFP, 11/9/18)

2018        Nov 11, Thousands of Ethiopians and Eritreans took part in a 10-km reconciliation run in Addis Ababa in the first joint sporting event since the former bitter foes launched a rapid diplomatic thaw in July.
    (AFP, 11/11/18)

2018        Nov 12, Ethiopia's attorney general Berhanu Tsegaye said investigations had uncovered corruption at METEC (Metal and Engineering Corporation), which makes military equipment and is involved in sectors from agriculture to construction. Tsegaye announced the arrests of several METEC executives in a corruption investigation and the detention of security officials accused of abusing prisoners.
    (Reuters, 11/13/18)

2018        Nov 13, Ethiopia arrested Kinfe Dagnew, the former head of a military-run industrial conglomerate, and flew him in handcuffs to the capital.
    (Reuters, 11/13/18)

2018        Nov 17, In Ethiopia African Union leaders, led by Rwanda's President Paul Kagame, convened an extraordinary summit at its headquarters in Addis Ababa to consider reforms to encourage peace, development and a united Africa.
    (AP, 11/17/18)

2018        Nov 19, Hundreds of Ethiopian Jews gathered in the capital, Addis Ababa, to protest the Israeli government's decision not to allow all of them to emigrate to Israel, leaving their families divided between the two countries.
    (AP, 11/19/18)
2018        Nov 19, A powerful party in Ethiopia's government accused authorities of arresting members of its ethnic group in a politically-driven crackdown - an unprecedented public charge exposing deep rifts at the heart of the ruling elite.
    (Reuters, 11/20/18)

2018        Nov 24, In Ethiopia seven employees of Indian company Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services (IL&FS) were taken hostage by local staff due to non-payment of salaries by the debt-laden firm. The Indian government took control of IL&FS in October after it defaulted on some of its debt. On Dec. 1 Two of the 7 employees were reported released.
    (Reuters, 12/1/18)

2018        Nov 27, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed met members of 81 opposition parties to discuss ways of reforming the electoral system.
    (Reuters, 11/27/18)

2018        Dec 13, In southern Ethiopia heavy fighting broke out between Somalis and Oromos in Moyale. Over the next two days at least 21 people were killed and 61 wounded.
    (Reuters, 12/15/18)

2018        Dec 15, A military court in Ethiopia jailed 66 soldiers for between five and 14 years for marching on PM Abiy Ahmed's palace in October, ruling they had broken military ethics.
    (Reuters, 12/15/18)
2018        Dec 15, Former Ethiopian president Girma Woldegiorgis died, two weeks short of his 95th birthday. He was president of Ethiopia for twelve years between 2001 to 2013, a largely ceremonial role.
    (AFP, 12/15/18)

2018        Dec 26, Eritrea partially closed two border crossings with Ethiopia that opened this year after the former East African rivals made peace and restored relations. Only Ethiopians faced the restrictions.
    (AP, 12/28/18)

2018        In Ethiopia the Sidama ethnic group, numbering about 5 million, requested a referendum on establishing its own state. Over the next year at least ten other groups demanded their own state.
    (Econ, 7/27/19, p.39)

2019        Jan 7, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki reopened a border crossing between their countries as part of an ongoing reconciliation between the former foes.
    (AFP, 1/7/19)

2019        Jan 18, In Somalia an ambush occurred on an Ethiopian peacekeeping convoy. African Union troops returned fire killing four extremists and wounding several others. Ethiopia denied claims that al-Shabab killed several Ethiopian troops.
    (AP, 1/19/19)

2019        Jan 22, Ethiopia said it had granted more than 13,000 people amnesty as part of a broad reform agenda pushed by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed.
    (AFP, 1/22/19)

2019        Jan 25, Ethiopia said it is banning street begging by Syrian nationals who have startled people by showing up in growing numbers in recent months in major cities around hotels and mosques.
    (AP, 1/25/19)

2019        Jan 30, Ethiopian prosecutors charged Abdi Mohammed Omer, the former president of the Somali Region, and 46 others with instigating ethnic violence there last year.
    (Reuters, 1/30/19)

2019        Feb 10, In Ethiopia a statue of Emperor Haile Selassie was unveiled in Addis Ababa at the headquarters of the African Union.
    (AP, 2/10/19)
2019        Feb 10, In Ethiopia Rwandan President Paul Kagame, who led an active, reformist tenure as African Union chair, passed the baton to Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, seen as more likely to focus on security issues than expanding the body's powers.
    (AFP, 2/10/19)

2019        Feb 23, It was reported that the Ethiopian government has begun demolishing thousands of houses they say are illegal in the Oromia region in the outskirts of the capital, Addis Ababa. Residents alleged that they were paying taxes to the government on the properties.
    (AP, 2/23/19)

2019        Mar 4, In South Sudan the leaders of Ethiopia and Eritrea met with President Salva Kiir seeking to breathe new life into a flagging peace agreement signed six months ago between his government and rebels.
    (AFP, 3/4/19)

2019        Mar 7, Ethiopia appealed for $1.3 billion from the international community to assist 8.3 million displaced due to ethnic conflict as well those vulnerable to climate shocks and disease.
    (AP, 3/7/19)

2019        Mar 10, An Ethiopia, Airlines new Boeing 737-8 MAX crashed shortly after takeoff from Addis Ababa killing all 157 people on board. 35 nationalities were represented. 19 people from at least five UN and affiliated agencies, including the IOM, were among 157 victims.
    (AP, 3/10/19)(AP, 3/11/19)

2019        Mar 11, Authorities in China, Ethiopia and Indonesia grounded all Boeing 737 Max 8 aircraft following the March 10 crash of an Ethiopian Airlines jetliner that killed 157 people.
    (AP, 3/11/19)

2019        Mar 12, French President Emmanuel Macron met with the leaders of Djibouti and Ethiopia at the start of a multi-nation trip to Africa aimed at shoring up military and economic ties in the continent's strategically-important East.
    (AP, 3/12/19)

2019        Mar 17, France's BEA air accident investigation said data from the flight data recorder of the Ethiopian jet that crashed last week has been successfully downloaded. BEA said the information has been transferred to Ethiopian investigators and that its technical work on the flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder was now done.
    (Reuters, 3/17/19)

2019        Mar 18, The world's biggest plane maker faced escalating pressure after Ethiopia pointed to parallels between its crash and one in Indonesia, sharpening focus on the safety of software installed in Boeing's 737 MAX planes.
    (Reuters, 3/18/19)

2019        Mar 19, In western Ethiopia gunmen shot and killed five workers from a mining company near Nedjo town in the restive Oromiya region.
    (Reuters, 3/19/19)

2019        Apr 11, Ethiopian authorities arrested 59 government officials on suspicion of corruption and economic sabotage.
    (AP, 4/12/19)

2019        Apr 26, The UN migration agency said Yemeni authorities have rounded up about 3,000 irregular migrants, predominantly Ethiopians, in the south of the country, "creating an acute humanitarian situation".
    (Reuters, 4/26/19)

2019        Apr 29, An Ethiopian official revealed his country has finalized preparations to extradite a double-murder suspect to the US. Yohannes Nesibu (25), an Ethiopia-born US national, is accused of killing two other people, who were also Ethiopia-born individuals, in Virginia in 2016.
    (AP, 4/29/19)
2019        Apr 29, In Ethiopia dozens of civilians were dead in ethnic clashes in northern Amhara state. The attacks appeared to be retribution for the killing of at least 21 people in separate clashes last weekend between the Gumuz and Amhara ethnic groups in Benishangul Gumuz state.
    (AFP, 5/3/19)

2019        May 7, The New York University Stern Center for Business and Human Rights reported that Ethiopian garment factory workers are now, on average, the lowest paid in any major garment-producing company worldwide. The head of Ethiopia's Investment Commission questioned the report's monthly pay figure of $26 per month: "That is a basic salary but in Ethiopia the factories also provide a workplace meal and other services".
    (AP, 5/07/19)

2019        May 20, Ethiopian state media reported that more than 200 people paid an eye-watering $173,000 (150,000 euros) to attend a dinner thrown by PM Abiy Ahmed, to raise funds to beautify the capital Addis Ababa.
    (AFP, 5/20/19)

2019        May 30, An African free-trade zone came into force, a step toward creating what the African Union (AU) hopes will be a continent-wide market of 1.2 billion people worth $2.5 trillion. Fifty-two of the AU's 55 member states have signed the agreement to establish the free trade area since March 2018, with the notable exception of Nigeria, the largest economy on the continent.
    (AFP, 5/30/19)

2019        Jun 7, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed visited Sudan for talks with the ruling military as well as the country's protest leaders. Sudanese security forces arrested two prominent rebels and an opposition leader after they held meetings with Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed.
    (AP, 6/7/19)(AFP, 6/8/19)

2019        Jun 22, Ethiopia's army chief and a top local leader were shot dead during an attempt to overthrow a regional government in the northern Amhara region, underscoring political instability as PM Abiy Ahmed tries to reform the nation. Dozens of people were later reported killed in the fighting.
    (AFP, 6/23/19)(Reuters, 6/26/19)
2019        Jun 22, Sudan's protest leaders said they are meeting with an Ethiopian envoy over proposals to resume negotiations with the ruling military council.
    (AP, 6/22/19)

2019        Jun 24, In Ethiopia Asamnew Tsige, the army brigadier general accused of leading the June 22 failed coup, was killed in a firefight with security forces.
    (http://tinyurl.com/y6cle2t5)(SFC, 6/25/19, p.A2)

2019        Jun 26, Ethiopian security forces rounded up 56 members of an ethnic Ethiopian party believed to have links to a coup bid in northern Amhara state and the murder of the army chief in attacks which have highlighted the political crisis in the nation.
    (Reuters, 6/27/19)
2019        Jun 26, A leading Sudanese opposition figure said the African Union and Ethiopia have joined forces in renewed efforts to mediate the crisis in Sudan and bring the ruling generals and protest leaders back to the negotiating table.
    (AP, 6/26/19)

2019        Jun 27, Ethiopia's government said security forces have arrested more than 250 people in a sweeping crackdown following a failed suspected coup attempt and the assassination of five high-ranking officials.
    (AFP, 6/28/19)

2019        Jun 28, Authorities in Ethiopia arrested Christian Tadele, the spokesman of the National Movement of Amhara (NAMA), a political party which promotes the interests of the Amhara ethnic group.
    (Reuters, 6/28/19)

2019        Jul 18, In Ethiopia four protesters died of gunshot wounds suffered in clashes between security forces and activists seeking a new autonomous region for their Sidama ethnic group based in the southern city of Hawassa. At least 25 people were killed in clashes between security forces and activists seeking a new autonomous region for their Sidama ethnic group.
    (Reuters, 7/19/19)(Reuters, 7/20/19)(Econ, 7/27/19, p.38)

2019        Jul 29, Ethiopians planted more than 224 million trees, which officials stated will be a world record. The ambitious initiative of PM Abiy Ahmed aims to help restore the country's landscape which experts say is fast being eroded by deforestation and climate change. Agriculture officials stated that so far more than 2.6 billion trees have been planted in the East African nation.
    (AP, 7/29/19)

2019        Jul 31, Ethiopia's parliament passed a bill to open up the country's financial sector to an estimated five million of its citizens who have taken other nationalities, including allowing them to buy shares in local banks and start lending businesses.
    (Reuters, 7/31/19)

2019        Aug 13, An Ethiopian soldier shot a man dead in front of several people after his phone rang during a public meeting in 2019. Ariti Shununde (32) was killed during operations to suppress the armed Oromo Liberation Army (OLA).
    (https://tinyurl.com/yden46kg)(AP, 5/29/20)

2019        Aug 24, Ethiopia's state broadcaster reported that parliament has approved an electoral and political parties draft bill, paving the way for national elections next year, the first to be held under reformist PM Abiy Ahmed.
    (Reuters, 8/24/19)

2019        Aug 28, Scientists announced the landmark discovery in Ethiopia of a nearly complete skull of an early human ancestor that lived 3.8 million years ago, a species boasting an intriguing mixture of apelike and humanlike characteristics. The fossil dubbed MRD belonged to the species Australopithecus anamensis, which first appeared roughly 4.2 million years ago.
    (Reuters, 8/28/19)

2019        Aug 30, Ethiopia's state-run Ethio Telecom said it plans to install a 4G network in the capital and other regions and to upgrade other network services, as the government prepares to open up the sector to private foreign investment.
    (Reuters, 8/30/19)

2019        Sep 8, In Ethiopia Dereje Negash of the Orthodox Church group dedicated to an Ethiopian saint, said the government's indifference on homosexuality is helping the LGBT movement in the country. Under Ethiopian law, homosexual acts are punishable with jail terms of up to 15 years.
    (AP, 9/8/19)

2019        Oct 4, In Sudan irrigation ministers of three key Nile Basin countries met in Khartoum, seeking to resolve differences over Ethiopia’s soon-to-be-finished Blue Nile dam, which Cairo claims threatens its water supply. The meeting of the ministers from Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia was expected to last two days.
    (AP, 10/4/19)

2019        Oct 5, In Ethiopia hundreds of thousands of Oromo people, the country's largest ethnic group, celebrated in Addis Ababa at the start of an annual thanksgiving festival which was marred by violence in 2016.
    (Reuters, 10/5/19)
2019        Oct 5, In Sudan irrigation ministers from Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan wrapped up a two-day meeting in Khartoum without resolving differences over Ethiopia's soon-to-be-finished Blue Nile dam. Egypt called for international mediation to help reach a "fair and balanced" agreement.
    (AP, 10/6/19)

2019        Oct 9, Egypt denounced Ethiopia for moving forward with building and operating a hydropower dam on the Nile, which Cairo worries will threaten already scarce water supplies.
    (Reuters, 10/9/19)

2019        Oct 11, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed won the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize for his peacemaking efforts which ended two decades of hostility with longtime enemy Eritrea.
    (Reuters, 10/11/19)

2019        Oct 12, In northeastern Ethiopia armed men killed at least 16 people and injured about two dozen others in a small village, in one of the deadliest attacks seen in the region.
    (AP, 10/14/19)

2019        Oct 19, Ethiopia's Nobel Peace Prize-winning PM Abiy Ahmed launched a book of his ideology, with one million copies already printed. The book called "Medemer" aims at inclusivity and consensus in a country with scores of ethnic groups and a rising problem of ethnic unrest.
    (AP, 10/19/19)

2019        Oct 23, Ethiopian police fired gunshots and teargas as thousands protested over the treatment of a prominent activist, in a sign that the country's Nobel Prize-winning prime minister might be losing support among his powerbase.
    (Reuters, 10/23/19)

2019        Oct 24, Egypt and Ethiopia agreed to resume talks over a giant Nile dam and reach a deal on sharing the vital waters, downplaying a recent escalation of tensions.
    (Bloomberg, 10/24/19)
2019        Oct 24, Prominent Ethiopian activist Jawar Mohammed called for calm amid protests that have killed 16 people and are challenging Nobel Prize-winning PM Abiy Ahmed in his political heartland.
    (Reuters, 10/24/19)

2019        Oct 31, In Ethiopia a spokeswoman for PM Abiy Ahmed said at least 78 people were killed during protests last week over the treatment of prominent activist Jawar Mohammed.
    (Reuters, 10/31/19)

2019        Nov 20, Ethiopia's Sidama people voted overwhelmingly to form their own self-governing region as many of the country's ethnic groups demand greater autonomy under sweeping reforms led by PM Abiy Ahmed. The Sidama represent about 4% of Ethiopia's 105 million population.
    (Reuters, 11/23/19)

2019        Dec 2, Irrigation ministers from Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan began a 2nd round of talks in Cairo on Ethiopia's soon-to-be-finished $5 billion mega-dam project. Egypt feared the project would reduce its share of the Nile waters, a lifeline for its 100 million people.
    (SFC, 12/3/19, p.A2)

2019        Dec 4, In Ethiopia armed men abducted students from Dembi Dollo University in the Oromiya region. An unknown group of people blocked a bus and kidnapped students on board who were leaving for home. The students, mostly ethnic Amharas, were fleeing ethnic violence and threats in the university. 17 of the students went missing as one managed to escape. The government later said that the army had rescued 21 of the students, but at least 12 others remained missing.
    (Reuters, 2/1/20)(BBC, 3/15/20)

2019        Dec 20, In Ethiopia attacks in Motta town in the Amhara region targeted Muslim-owned businesses and burned four mosques. 15 suspects were soon arrested in connection with the attacks.
    (SFC, 12/25/19, p.A2)

2020        Jan 9, Officials from Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan concluded a two-day meeting in Addis Ababa, without reaching an agreement on technical issues related to the construction of the $4.6 billion Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile.
    (AP, 1/10/20)

2020        Jan 12, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed asked South Africa's president to intervene in his country's dispute with Egypt over a massive dam project on the Nile River, set to be Africa’s largest hydraulic dam.
    (AP, 1/12/20)

2020        Jan 17, It was reported that the most serious outbreak of locusts in 25 years is spreading across East Africa and posing an unprecedented threat to food security in some of the world’s most vulnerable countries. Authorities said unusual climate conditions are partly to blame. The outbreak has affected parts of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia and Sudan.
    (AP, 1/17/20)

2020        Jan 20, In Ethiopia at least three people were killed and more than 100 others injured when a wooden stand erected for the colorful Epiphany celebration collapsed in Gondar.
    (AP, 1/20/20)

2020        Jan 22, Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan started US-monitored talks in Khartoum to try hammer out a draft deal to resolve their dispute over a Nile dam that Ethiopia is constructing.
    (AP, 1/22/20)

2020        Jan 25, It was reported that worst outbreak of desert locusts in Kenya in 70 years has seen hundreds of millions of the bugs swarm into the country from Somalia and Ethiopia. Those two countries have not had an infestation like this in a quarter-century.
    (AP, 1/25/20)

2020        Jan 30, Ethiopian Airlines said that its flights to China are operating normally, hours after its passenger call center told Reuters that all flights were suspended.
    (Reuters, 1/30/20)

2020        Feb 13, Ethiopian lawmakers approved a controversial law aimed at curbing hate speech and disinformation, especially online, just months ahead of a major election.
    (SFC, 2/14/20, p.A2)

2020        Mar 13, Ethiopia confirmed its first case of coronavirus.
    (Reuters, 3/13/20)

2020        Mar 15, Ethiopia has now recorded four coronavirus cases.
    (Reuters, 3/15/20)

2020        Mar 18, Catherine Hamlin (b.1924), Australian obstetrician and gynaecologist, died in Ethiopia. She and her husband, Reginald Hamlin, co-founded the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital. The Hamlins, together with the hospital staff, have treated more than 60,000 women to date for obstetric fistula.
    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Hamlin)(Econ, 4/11/20, p.70)

2020        Mar 22, In Ethiopia a cargo flight containing more than 6 million medical items arrived in Addis Ababa. The supplies from Jack Ma, the founder of China's e-commerce giant Alibaba, will be distributed to African countries in need of supplies to battle the spreading COVID-19 pandemic.
    (AP, 3/22/20)

2020        Mar 24, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed called on G-20 leaders to assist Africa with $150 billion in emergency funding and write off or convert debts of low-income countries.
    (Bloomberg, 3/24/20)

2020        Apr 1, Ethiopia said it will postpone general elections that were scheduled for the end of August because of the coronavirus outbreak. The country has 26 confirmed cases of the virus.
    (Bloomberg, 4/1/20)

2020        Apr 5, Ethiopia reported its first death from the virus and announced five more cases bringing its total to 43, most of them imported by travelers. A number of regional states have implemented bans on movement of people and vehicles, but not yet in the capital Addis Ababa.
    (AP, 4/5/20)

2020        Apr 8, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed declared a state of emergency to help curb the spread of the new coronavirus. Ethiopia has recorded 52 cases of COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, and two deaths.
    (AP, 4/8/20)

2020        Apr 10, The UN Food and Agriculture Organization warned of an increasing number of new locust swarms forming in Kenya, southern Ethiopia and Somalia. The UN has raised its aid appeal from $76 million to $153 million, saying immediate action is needed before more rainfall fuels further growth in locust numbers.
    (AP, 4/10/20)

2020        Apr 13, The UN said swarms of locusts in Ethiopia have damaged 200,000 hectares (half a million acres) of cropland and driven around a million people to require emergency food aid. Billions of desert locusts have already chomped their way through much of East Africa, including Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Djibouti, Eritrea, Tanzania, Sudan, South Sudan and Uganda.
    (AFP, 4/13/20)
2020        Apr 13, It was reported that Saudi Arabia has deported nearly 3,000 Ethiopian migrants in recent days, despite concerns that such operations could hasten the spread of the coronavirus. Ethiopia has reported just 74 cases of COVID-19 and three deaths.
    (AFP, 4/13/20)

2020        May 8, An Ethiopian court convicted Bereket Simon, a former minister of communication (1995-2012), on corruption charges and sentenced him to six years in prison. He was arrested last year on suspicion of mismanagement of public funds while he was heading the TIRET, the Amhara region's public investment fund, which he led until 2017. The court in Bahir Dar also convicted Tadesse Kassa, a former TIRET board member, on the same charges.
    (Reuters, 5/8/20)

2020        May 20, Ethiopian health officials said 66 inmates of a prison in Addis Ababa have tested positive for the coronavirus. The country has reported 389 cases.
    (SFC, 5/21/20, p.A5)

2020        May 21, The World Bank announced a $500 million program for East African countries affected by historic desert locust swarms. The affected countries included Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Djibouti, Eritrea, Tanzania, Sudan, South Sudan and Uganda.
    (SFC, 5/22/20, p.A6)

2020        May 28, In Sudan an attack in the eastern province of al-Qadarif killed at least one officer and one child. Sudan blamed a militia backed by Ethiopia's military. Border tensions between the two countries have heated up recently with repeated attacks targeting Sudanese troops.
    (AP, 5/30/20)

2020        Jun 3, It was reported that poachers in Ethiopia killed at least six elephants in a single day last week. In the 1970s Ethiopia had more than 10,000 elephants, but poaching and habitat degradation have reduced the number to about 2,500 to 3,000.
    (SFC, 6/3/20, p.A2)

2020        Jun 4, In Lebanon dozens of domestic workers gathered outside the Ethiopian Consulate in Beirut, some inquiring about flights home, others stranded after they were abandoned by employers who claimed they could no longer afford to pay their salaries.
    (AP, 6/4/20)

2020        Jun 10, Ethiopia’s PM Abiy Ahmed faced an extra year or more in office after lawmakers voted to extend their mandates and hold the national election nine to 12 months after health authorities determine it's safe.
    (AP, 6/10/20)

2020        Jun 19, Ethiopian Foreign Minister Gedu Andargachew declared that his country will go ahead and start filling the $4.6 billion Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam next month, even without an agreement.
    (AP, 6/19/20)
2020        Jun 19, Egypt appealed for the UN Security Council to intervene in a deepening dispute with Ethiopia over its gigantic Nile dam that Cairo fears would cut its vital water share.
    (AFP, 6/19/20)

2020        Jun 25, The Ethiopia-based Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that the continent's COVID-19 cases have surged to more than 336,000, up by 10,000 from a day earlier.
    (AP, 6/25/20)

2020        Jun 27, Ethiopia said it is set to begin filling a $4.6 billion hydroelectric dam on the Blue Nile within the next two weeks and that construction will continue, hours after the leaders of Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia agreed to return to talks aimed at reaching an accord over its operation.
    (AP, 6/27/20)

2020        Jun 29, In Ethiopia musician Hachalu Hundessa (34), well known for his political songs, was shot and killed on the outskirts of Addis Ababa. Several people were arrested. Demonstrations soon broke out in response and seven died during the spontaneous protests. Security forces cut off the Internet when the violence started.
    (BBC, 6/30/20)(Econ., 7/11/20, p.37)

2020        Jul 1, It was reported that more than 50 people have been killed in Ethiopia in unrest following the June 29 death of Hachalu Hundessa, a popular singer, sparked huge protests in the Oromia region. The death toll was soon raised to over 80. By one count the July riots left 239 people killed.
    (AP, 7/1/20)(SFC, 7/3/20, p.A5)(Econ., 9/19/20, p.45)

2020        Jul 4, Officials from Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan resumed their negotiations through video conference to resolve a years-long dispute over the operation and filling of Ethiopia’s giant hydroelectric dam on the Blue Nile.
    (AP, 7/4/20)

2020        Jul 5, Ethiopian police patrolled the country's troubled Oromia region and the capital, Addis Ababa, following a week of unrest in which 166 people were killed and more than 2,000 arrested, after popular singer Hachalu Hundessa was shot dead.
    (AP, 7/5/20)

2020        Jul 14, Ethiopia entered its third week without internet service for almost everyone after days of deadly unrest, as the government said it’s trying to prevent speech that could further inflame ethnic tensions.
    (AP, 7/14/20)

2020        Jul 16, Sudan said River Nile water levels have dropped as a reservoir behind Ethiopia's Grand Renaissance dam has filled up, hitting out at "any unilateral actions taken by any party." Both Sudan and Egypt are downstream, and fear the large dam will greatly reduce their access to water.
    (BBC, 7/16/20)

2020        Jul 21, Ethiopia’s PM Abiy Ahmed said his country, Egypt and Sudan have reached a “major common understanding which paves the way for a breakthrough agreement” on a massive dam project that has led to sharp regional tensions and led some to fear military conflict.
    (AP, 7/21/20)

2020        Jul 22, Ethiopia said the first-year target for filling the controversial Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (Gerd) on the River Nile has been reached. The announcement came a day after Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan agreed to resume talks over the dam, following a virtual summit.
    (BBC, 7/22/20)

2020        Aug 2, In Ethiopia tens of thousands flooded the streets of Addis Ababa in a government-backed rally to celebrate the first stage of the filling of the $4.6 billion Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam.
    (SFC, 8/4/20, p.A2)

2020        Aug 5, Egypt and Sudan suspended talks with Ethiopia after it proposed linking a deal on its newly constructed reservoir and giant hydroelectric dam to a broader agreement about the Blue Nile waters that would replace a colonial-era accord with Britain. Negotiations had just resumed through online conferencing on August 3.
    (AP, 8/5/20)

2020        Aug 31, An Ethiopian diplomat said his country has asked the US for clarification on a report that Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has approved cutting up to $130 million in aid to Ethiopia because of the country’s dispute with Egypt and Sudan over a massive dam it is building on the Blue Nile. The planned cut was reported by Foreign Policy on August 27.
    (AP, 8/31/20)

2020        Sep 3, Ethiopia’s government said it is “thankful” to Saudi Arabia for accepting Ethiopian migrants entering the country, but it barely commented on the squalid conditions they face in some Saudi detention centers, after a media report showed migrants crowded in bare rooms pleading for assistance.
    (AP, 9/3/20)
2020        Sep 3, It was reported that the US is cutting aid to Ethiopia over a controversial mega dam being built on a tributary of the River Nile. The move was triggered by Ethiopia's move to start filling the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam before reaching agreement with Egypt and Sudan.
    (BBC, 9/3/20)

2020        Sep 9, Ethiopia's northern Tigray region held elections in a show of defiance against PM Abiy Ahmed, who called the regional vote illegal but said the government would not respond with force. The Tigray Independence Party (TIP) has called for Tigray to form its own country.
    (https://tinyurl.com/yyccbbt4)(SFC, 11/6/20, p.A5)

2020        Sep 11, Ethiopians welcomed what many people around the world might like to see: the beginning of a new year. Following a calendar seven years behind the Gregorian one used by much of the world, Ethiopians marked the beginning of 2013.
    (AP, 9/11/20)

2020        Sep 19, Ethiopia's attorney general’s office announced that top opposition figure, Jawar Mohammed and 23 other people have been charged with terrorism-related offenses, telecom fraud and other criminal activities. Jawar has been detained since the July unrest.
    (AP, 9/19/20)

2020        Sep 22, China's state media agency Xinhua said Ethiopia has agreed to purchase 1.5 million coronavirus testing kits that will be manufactured at a factory in the African country that has been newly built by China's BGI Group.
    (Reuters, 9/23/20)

2020        Oct 2, Amnesty International said at least three people have died in detention centers housing thousands of Ethiopian migrants in Saudi Arabia. some 2,000 Ethiopians remain stranded on the Yemeni side of the border, without food, water or healthcare.
    (BBC, 10/2/20)

2020        Oct 3, Ethiopia’s largest ethnic group, the Oromo, celebrated the annual Thanksgiving festival of Irreecha amid tight security and a significantly smaller crowd due to political tensions and the COVID-19 pandemic. Hundreds of people were arrested ahead of the festival, some accused by authorities of plotting terror attacks and a new wave of unrest.
    (AP, 10/3/20)

2020        Oct 9, An Ethiopian security official said an attack this week killed 14 civilians and that security forces killed 14 militia members in the Western Benishangul-Gumuz region.
    (SFC, 10/10/20, p.A2)
2020        Oct 9, Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu told his Ethiopian counterpart that his country has the intention to “immediately” bring over some 2,000 Ethiopian Jews.
    (AP, 10/10/20)

2020        Oct 12, Israel decided to admit 2,000 members of the Falash Mura, descendants of Ethiopian Jews who converted to Christianity over a century ago.
    (Econ., 10/17/20, p.42)

2020        Oct 31, Eritrea's government declared that Ethiopia's Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF) was "on its deathbed".
    (Econ., 11/7/20, p.41) 

2020        Nov 1, In western Ethiopia gunmen killed 54 people and set fire to homes in a "horrendous" attack in Oromia state. Survivors said ethnic Amharas were targeted. Local authorities blamed the rebel Oromo Liberation Army (OLA).
    (AP, 11/2/20)(BBC, 11/3/20)(Econ., 11/7/20, p.14)

2020        Nov 4, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed ordered a military offensive to subdue the authorities in Tigray state, following an alleged attack on an army base. Internet and phone networks in Tigray were cut off.
    (BBC, 11/4/20)(Econ., 11/7/20, p.40)
2020        Nov 4, Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan said they have failed to agree on a new negotiating approach to resolve their years-long dispute over the controversial dam that Ethiopia is building on the Blue Nile.
    (AP, 11/4/20)

2020        Nov 6, Ethiopia PM Abiy Ahmed said air strikes have been carried out in the well-armed Tigray region.
    (SFC, 11/7/20, p.A3)

2020        Nov 7, Ethiopia's parliament has voted to dissolve the government of the northern Tigray region, amid a dispute which has escalated into armed conflict. In an emergency session, parliament declared the Tigray administration illegal and voted to replace it. Tigray's leader told the African Union that the federal government was planning a “full-fledged military offensive.”
    (BBC, 11/7/20)(AP, 11/7/20)

2020        Nov 8, Ethiopia’s PM Abiy Ahmed announced major changes to his government's military and intelligence leadership as he sought to defend a growing military action against the country's defiant Tigray region, and urged citizens not to target the ethnic Tigrayan people amid fears of civil war.
    (AP, 11/8/20)

2020        Nov 9, An Ethiopian military official said the air force is “pounding targets with precision” as the federal government continues its offensive against the defiant northern region of Tigray and no clear route to peace is yet seen. There was a massacre of ethnic Amharas in Mai-Kadra town in the Tigray region. Scores, perhaps hundreds, of civilians were reportedly “hacked to death” in the streets of the town. Members of a Tigrayan youth group  killed hundreds of Amhara men. The next day least 600 were found dead.
    (AP, 11/9/20)(AP, 11/13/20)(Econ., 11/28/20, p.13)

2020        Nov 10, Ethiopia’s deadly conflict with its northern Tigray region spilled over borders as several thousand people fled into Sudan, while the Tigray regional leader accused Eritrea of attacking at the request of Ethiopia’s federal government. PM Abiy Ahmed said in a series of tweets that he wanted "to assure Ethiopians again" that there would be no dialogue until after rule of law was achieved.
    (AP, 11/10/20)(BBC, 11/11/20)

2020        Nov 13, Forces in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region fired rockets late today towards the cities of Bahir Dar and Gondar, in Amhara state.
    (BBC, 11/14/20)

2020        Nov 14, In Ethiopia gunmen killed at least 34 people on a passenger bus in the western region of Benishangul-Gumuz. Residents of Asmara, the capital of Eritrea's, reported hearing loud explosions, amid reports of rockets landing near the city's airport. No casualties were yet reported. Tigrayan leader Debretsion Gebremichael has suggested that his forces have been fighting 16 divisions of the Eritrean army on several fronts for the past few days.
    (BBC, 11/15/20)

2020        Nov 16, The UN refugee agency said Ethiopia’s growing conflict has resulted in more than 25,300 refugees fleeing the Tigray region into Sudan.
    (AP, 11/16/20)

2020        Nov 17, The UN said that thousands of people were fleeing northern Ethiopia's conflict-torn Tigray region and the border area with Sudan now faced a full-blown refugee emergency.
    (AFP, 11/17/20)

2020        Nov 18, In Ethiopia Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) leader Debretsion Gebremichael said his forces were inflicting "heavy defeats on all fronts against the forces that came to attack us". He called on all Tigrayans including children to mobilize and join the "struggle".
    (BBC, 11/18/20)
2020        Nov 18, It was reported that Ethiopia has issued arrest warrants for 76 army officers accused of being linked to the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). PM Abiy Ahmed said that his army is advancing on Tigray's capital, Mekelle.
    (BBC, 11/18/20)
2020        Nov 18, The United Nations humanitarian office said it is releasing $100 million in emergency funding to seven countries at risk of famine in Africa and the Middle East amid conflict and the COVID-19 pandemic. A statement overnight said $80 million of the money will go to Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Congo, Nigeria, South Sudan and Yemen. Another $20 million has been set aside for "anticipatory action to fight hunger in Ethiopia.
    (AP, 11/18/20)

2020        Nov 19, It was reported that Ethiopia's army chief has accused the head of the World Health Organization of procuring weapons for the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), which is fighting federal troops. Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus is Tigrayan and was health minister in a previous Ethiopian government, which was led by the TPLF.
    (BBC, 11/19/20)
2020        Nov 19, In Ethiopia an IRC staff member was killed in Hitsats Refugee Camp in Shire, two days before government troops took control of the town.
    (BBC, 12/11/20)
2020        Nov 19, In Ethiopia high school teacher Kitilaa Guddata (32) was taken by police officers from his home in Sekela town in the Oromia region. His body, along with those of two other people, was found a couple of days later.
    (BBC, 1/15/21)

2020        Nov 20, In Ethiopia the TPLF was accused of firing rockets into the city of Bahir Dar in the neighboring Amhara region. The Amhara government said there were no casualties and no damage caused. Aid agencies called for an immediate temporary ceasefire to allow aid to reach civilians affected by the fighting. Tigray's leader confirmed the losses of two towns but said it was a temporary setback and vowed to defeat the government.
    (BBC, 11/20/20)
2020        Nov 20, The United Nations refugee agency said about 32,000 people have fled Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region into neighboring Sudan, and it is preparing to take in up to 200,000 in the next six months if necessary.
    (AP, 11/20/20)

2020        Nov 21, Sudan boycotted talks between Nile Valley countries over Ethiopia's controversial mega-dam, calling on the African Union to play a greater role in pushing forward the negotiations that have stalled for years.
    (AP, 11/20/20)

2020        Nov 22, An Ethiopian military spokesman said that the government's troops are planning to surround the Tigray region's rebel-held capital city, Mekelle, with tanks and may shell the city to force surrender. PM Abiy Ahmed announced a 72-hour deadline for the region's fighters to surrender.
    (Reuters, 11/22/20)(BBC, 11/23/20)

2020        Nov 26, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed said he is launching the "final phase" of the army's operation in the northern region of Tigray after weeks of fighting. The TPLF party, which controls Mekelle, has vowed to keep fighting.
    (BBC, 11/26/20)

2020        Nov 27, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed again ruled out dialogue with the leaders of the defiant Tigray region but said he was willing to speak to representatives "operating legally” there during his meeting with three African Union special envoys trying to end the deadly conflict between federal troops and the region's forces.
    (AP, 11/27/20)

2020        Nov 28, Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed declared victory over Tigray's ruling party (TPLF).
    (Econ., 12/5/20, p.50)
2020        Nov 28, In Ethiopia TPLF leader Debretsion Gebremichael said that Mekelle was under "heavy bombardment", and said that government forces had started an operation to capture it. Ethiopia's army chief of staff said the military has control of Mekele. In Aksum  Eritrean soldiers went on a rampage, shooting at unarmed civilian men and boys who were out on the streets.
    (BBC, 11/28/20)(AP, 11/28/20)(BBC, 2/26/21)

2020        Nov 29, Sudanese security forces seized a large cache of weapons and ammunition en route to the Tigray region of Ethiopia.
    (Econ., 12/5/20, p.50)

2020        Nov 30, In Ethiopia Debretsion Gebremichael, who leads the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), said they are still fighting near the city of Mekelle, which was seized by government troops at the weekend. He called on PM Abiy Ahmed to “stop the madness” and withdraw troops from the region and also said his fighters have retaken another key city.
    (BBC, 11/30/20)(AP, 11/30/20)

2020        Nov, In Ethiopia some 800 people were believed killed at the Church of St. Mary of Zion and around the city of Axum late this month.
    (SFC, 2/19/21, p.A2)

2020        Dec 1, UNHCR, the UN's refugee agency, said thousands of Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia's conflict-hit northern region of Tigray have run out of food.
    (BBC, 12/1/20)

2020        Dec 2, Ethiopia and the UN agreed to allow aid into the country's conflict-torn Tigray region.
    (AP, 12/2/20)

2020        Dec 3, Some three hundred Ethiopian immigrants arrived to a festive ceremony at Israel’s international airport, as the government took a step toward carrying out its pledge to reunite hundreds of families split between the two countries.
    (AP, 12/3/20)
2020        Dec 3, Sudanese forces said Ethiopian forces have blocked people from the country’s embattled Tigray region from crossing into Sudan at the busiest border crossing point for refugees. More than 45,000 Ethiopians have fled into the remote area of Sudan.
    (AP, 12/3/20)

2020        Dec 4, The UN said continued fighting in many parts of Ethiopia's Tigray region is hindering efforts to deliver aid.
    (BBC, 12/4/20)

2020        Dec 6, Ethiopian troops shot at and detained UN staff after they drove through check-points in the conflict-hit northern Tigray region. The UN team had reportedly ignored instructions not to be in the area.
    (BBC, 12/8/20)

2020        Dec 8, In Ethiopia gunmen, whose identities they were unsure of, used a loudhailer to summon both Oromos and Amharas to an evening meeting. They took away about 10 Amharas. Seven of their bodies were found the next day.
    (BBC, 1/15/21)

2020        Dec 9, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed shifted his focus away from war, opening a cross-border highway to Kenya at the opposite end of his country, while the United Nations voiced alarm over ongoing fighting in the northern Tigray region.
    (Reuters, 12/9/20)

2020        Dec 11, Ethiopia said it is returning thousands of refugees who ran from camps in its Tigray region, putting them on buses back to the border area with Eritrea, the country the refugees originally fled. Ethiopia's government denied that the war in its northern Tigray region was preventing aid reaching civilians, as two foreign aid agencies confirmed some staff had been killed there and urged all sides to do more to protect non-combatants. The Danish Refugee Council (DRC) reported the deaths of three security guards in Ethiopia's Tigray region over the last month.
    (AP, 12/11/20)(Reuters, 12/11/20)(BBC, 12/11/20)

2020        Dec 13, Sudan's PM Abdalla Hamdok made a brief visit to Ethiopia, amid a growing refugee crisis that has seen more than 50,000 Ethiopians flee conflict in the Tigray region into neighboring Sudan.
    (AP, 12/13/20)

2020        Dec 15, A cross-border attack by Ethiopian forces and militias reportedly left causalities among Sudanese troops, a development that could strain ties between the two neighbors.
    (AP, 12/16/20)

2020        Dec 16, The UN has warned that about 2.3 million children in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region are cut off from humanitarian assistance as violence continues.
    (BBC, 12/16/20)

2020        Dec 17, The UN announced a $35.6 million emergency aid package for civilians caught up in fighting in Ethiopia's Tigray region.
    (AP, 12/17/20)

2020        Dec 18, Ethiopia offered a reward of more than $250,000 for information on the whereabouts of Tigray’s rebellious leaders who fled the regional capital Mekele three weeks ago.
    (AP, 12/18/20)
2020        Dec 18, A cross-border attack by Ethiopian forces and militias killed at least four Sudanese troops and wounded a dozen others in the Abu Tyour area in eastern Sudan's al-Qadarif province.
    (AP, 12/20/20)

2020        Dec 20, In Ethiopia three people were killed and five others wounded after an abandoned bomb exploded in Addis Ababa.
    (BBC, 12/20/20)
2020        Dec 20, Sudan’s PM Abdalla Hamdok met his Ethiopian counterpart Abiy Ahmed in Djibouti, as Sudanese forces continued their advances to reclaim territories controlled by Ethiopian militias along the two countries' shared border.
    (AP, 12/20/20)

2020        Dec 22, Ethiopia's deputy prime minister accused Sudanese forces of looting. Sudan countered by accusing the Ethiopian army of taking part in border attacks.
    (Econ., 1/2/21, p.32)
2020        Dec 22, The United Nations appealed for $156 million to help the tens of thousands of refugees who have fled fighting in Ethiopia's Tigray, again requesting full humanitarian access to the conflict-hit northern region.
    (AFP, 12/22/20)

2020        Dec 23, An Ethiopian news agency said several dozen people have been killed in the latest massacre along ethnic lines in the western part of the country. Witnesses said the attack occurred early today in the Metekel zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz region. More than 200 people, mostly Amharas, have been killed by unknown attackers in the village of Bekoji.
    (AP, 12/23/20)(BBC, 12/23/20)(Econ., 1/2/21, p.32)

2020        Dec 24, Ethiopia's state media reported that the military has killed 42 men suspected to be linked to the massacre a day earlier of at least 100 people, including children, in the Benishangul-Gumuz region.
    (BBC, 12/24/20)
2020        Dec 24, In Ethiopia Reuters cameraman Kumerra Gemechu (38) was arrested in Addis Ababa. No reason was given for his detention.
    (AP, 12/28/20)

2020        Dec 26, Sudan said it has taken control of most of the land it accuses Ethiopians of encroaching upon near the border between the two countries.
    (AP, 12/26/20)

2020        Dec 28, In Ethiopia banking services resumed in Mekelle, the capital of the northern Tigray region, for the first time since conflict broke out there on Nov. 4.
    (Reuters, 12/28/20)

2020        Dec 30, A Dutch aid group says one of its staffers was “murdered” during the conflict in Ethiopia’s Tigray region, bringing the number of humanitarian workers killed during the nearly two months of deadly unrest to five. ZOA International did not say when the 52-year-old staffer was killed at the Hitsats refugee camp.
    (AP, 12/30/20)

2021        Jan 3, Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan resumed their years-long negotiations over the controversial dam Ethiopia is building on the Blue Nile.
    (AP, 1/3/21)

2021        Jan 5, Ethiopian police released Reuters cameraman Kumerra Gemechu (38) after detaining him without charge for 12 days.
    (Reuters, 1/5/21)

2021        Jan 6, A senior Ethiopian military official confirmed the presence of security forces from neighboring Eritrea in the deadly conflict in his country’s northern Tigray region, contradicting the Ethiopian government’s denials.
    (AP, 1/7/21)

2021        Jan 8, The United Nations said it fears “massive community transmission” of COVID-19 in Ethiopia’s troubled Tigray region, fueled by displacement and the collapse of health services, as humanitarian workers finally begin to access the region two months after fighting began. A UN report said fighting is still going on in several parts of the northern Tigray region and almost 2.3 million people, or nearly half of the population, need aid.
    (AP, 1/8/21)(Reuters, 1/8/21)

2021        Jan 10, Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia said they have failed to achieve a breakthrough in the African Union-led talks to revolve their years-long dispute over the controversial dam that Ethiopia is building on the Blue Nile.
    (AP, 1/10/21)

2021        Jan 11, At least five Sudanese women and a child were reportedly killed in an attack inside Sudan by Ethiopian militias.
    (AP, 1/13/20)

2021        Jan 12, In Ethiopia over 80 civilians were reportedly killed early today in the latest massacre in the western Benishangul-Gumuz region.
    (AP, 1/13/20)

2021        Jan 16, New satellite images of a refugee camp in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region showed more than 400 structures have been badly damaged in what research group UK-based DX Open Network believes is the latest “intentional attack” by fighters.
    (AP, 1/16/21)

2021        Jan 21, The UN special representative on sexual violence in conflict said “serious allegations of sexual violence” have emerged in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region, while women and girls face shortages of rape kits and HIV drugs amid restrictions on humanitarian access.
    (AP, 1/22/21)

2021        Jan 27, The US called for the immediate withdrawal of Eritrean troops in Ethiopia's Tigray region.
    (BBC, 1/27/21)

2021        Jan 30, Tigray-allied media outlet Dimtsi Weyane posted audio comments late today by Debretsion Gebremichael, the fugitive leader of Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region, urging the international community to investigate alleged “genocide” and other abuses by forces including those from neighboring Eritrea.
    (AP, 1/30/21)

2021        Jan, A massacre in northern Ethiopia was carried out by members of the Ethiopian military. In early March, a series of five video clips surfaced on social media showing armed, uniformed men leading a group of unarmed men to the edge of a cliff, shooting some at point blank range, and pushing dead bodies over the cliff. On April 2 it was reported that an investigation by BBC Africa Eye had uncovered evidence of the massacre in which at least 15 men were killed.
    (BBC, 4/2/21)

2021        Feb 2, A trio of opposition parties in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region estimated that more than 50,000 civilians have been killed in the three-month conflict, and urged the international community to intervene before a “humanitarian disaster of biblical proportion will become a gruesome reality”.
    (AP, 2/2/21)

2021        Feb 3, The United Nations humanitarian chief privately told the UN Security Council that Ethiopia may not have control of up to 40% of the territory in its embattled Tigray region and does not have full command of forces from neighboring Eritrea operating there.
    (AP, 2/4/21)

2021        Feb 8, UN agencies received approval from Ethiopia’s government to send 25 more staff members to embattled Tigray, a region where the United Nations says hunger is growing and much of the area has been inaccessible to humanitarian workers.
    (AP, 2/8/21)

2021        Feb 9, Ethiopia said it has secured nine million doses of COVID-19 vaccines up until April and hopes to inoculate at least a fifth of its 110 million people by the end of the year.
    (Reuters, 2/9/21)

2021        Feb 10, Red Cross officials said “Many, many severe cases of malnutrition” are being reported in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region. 80% of Tigray’s 6 million people were unreachable in the fourth month of fighting and "emaciated” women and children fill displacement camps.
    (AP, 2/10/21)

2021        Feb 11, Ethiopia's minister for women said rape has occurred “conclusively and without a doubt” in the embattled Tigray region in a rare government acknowledgement of the toll on civilians during 100 day of fighting.
    (AP, 2/12/21)

2021        Feb 14, Sudan's foreign ministry said Ethiopian troops have crossed into Sudan and warned about “grave repercussions” on the region’s security and stability.
    (AP, 2/17/21)

2021        Feb 19, The United States said it has decided to “de-link” its suspension of millions of dollars of aid to Ethiopia from that country’s dispute with Egypt over a massive hydroelectric dam project. The State Department said humanitarian assistance remains exempt from the aid suspension.
    (AP, 2/19/21)

2021        Feb 23, The UN refugee agency said at least 7,000 people who fled escalating ethnic violence in western Ethiopia have sought asylum in neighboring Sudan.
    (AP, 2/23/21)

2021        Feb, Ethiopia’s leaders in closed-door talks with a European Union special envoy said “they are going to wipe out the Tigrayans for 100 years.” This was made public in June by envoy Pekka Haavisto, Finland's foreign minister, who warned that such an aim “looks for us like ethnic cleansing.”
    (AP, 6/18/21)

2021        Mar 1, Girmay Gebru, a BBC reporter in Ethiopia's conflict-hit region of Tigray, was detained by the military. A local journalist, Tamirat Yemane, and two translators - Alula Akalu and Fitsum Berhane, who were working for the Financial Times and the AFP news agency, respectively - have also been detained in recent days. Gebru, Yemane, and two translators were released two days later.
    (BBC, 3/1/21)(BBC, 3/3/21)

2021        Mar 4, UN humanitarian chief Mark Lowcock warned that “a campaign of destruction” is taking place in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray province, saying at least 4.5 million people need assistance and demanding that forces from neighboring Eritrea accused of committing atrocities in Tigray leave Ethiopia.
    (AP, 3/4/21)

2021        Mar 5, An attempt to get UN Security Council approval for a statement calling for an end to violence in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region and to spotlight the millions in need of humanitarian assistance was dropped late today after objections from India, Russia and especially China.
    (AP, 3/5/21)

2021        Mar 8, Attorneys for four jailed Ethiopian opposition figures say they will end their hunger strike today after 39 days. They were arrested along with at least 16 others following the killing of a renowned singer, Hachalu Hundessa, in June 2020.
    (AP, 3/8/21)

2021        Mar 15, A report by medical charity MSF has found that nearly 70% of health facilities in Ethiopia's conflict-hit northern region of Tigray have been vandalized and equipment looted.
    (BBC, 3/15/21)

2021        Mar 16, An Ethiopian official said that his government opposes calls by Sudan for outside mediators including the United States in the ongoing dispute over its construction of a massive hydroelectric dam on the Nile River.
    (AP, 3/16/21)

2021        Mar 17, A UN spokesman said human rights chief Michelle Bachelet has agreed to Ethiopia's request for a joint investigation into the humanitarian consequences of the conflict in the country's northern Tigray region.
    (AFP, 3/17/21)

2021        Mar 23, It was reported that Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed has acknowledged for the first time that troops from neighboring Eritrea have been in the Tigray region following the outbreak of conflict in November.
    (BBC, 3/23/21)
2021        Mar 23, In Ethiopia an MSF team and two public minibuses were stopped by soldiers in the aftermath of an apparent ambush on an army convoy on a main road. The passengers had to leave the buses; four men were separated from women and shot dead.
    (BBC, 3/25/21)

2021        Mar 25, The United Nations and an Ethiopian rights agency said they had agreed to carry out a joint investigation into abuses in the embattled region of Tigray, where fighting persists as government troops hunt down the region's fugitive leaders.
    (AP, 3/25/21)

2021        Mar 26, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed announced the withdrawal of Eritrean troops from Tigray region. No date has been set.
    (BBC, 3/26/21)

2021        Mar 29, It was reported that tens of thousands of Tigrayans are again being driven from their homes as regional forces and militiamen from neighboring Amhara sought to settle a decades-old land dispute. Amhara officials say the disputed lands, equal to about a quarter of Tigray, were taken during the nearly three decades that the TPLF dominated central government before PM Abiy Ahmed came to power in 2018.
    (Reuters, 3/29/21)

2021        Apr 2, The G7 group of leading economic powers condemned the killing of civilians, sexual and gender based violence, indiscriminate shelling and the forced displacement of residents of Tigray and Eritrean refugees.
    (BBC, 4/2/21)

2021        Apr 3, The Ethiopian Foreign Ministry said Eritrean forces have started withdrawing from Ethiopia's Tigray region.
    (Reuters, 4/4/21)
2021        Apr 3, Egypt, Ethiopia, Sudan resumed talks on a giant dam Ethiopia is building on the Nile River’s main tributary.
    (AP, 4/3/21)

2021        Apr 6, Egypt’s Foreign Ministry said the latest round of talks over Ethiopia’s massive dam project failed to make progress after Addis Abba rejected a Sudanese proposal to include international mediators.
    (AP, 4/6/21)

2021        Apr 15, Amnesty International said Eritrean soldiers remain in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region and are killing civilians weeks after Ethiopia said the soldiers would leave. Deadly fighting continued in several parts of Tigray.
    (AP, 4/15/21)

2021        Apr 25, It was reported that the death toll in clashes this month between Ethiopia's two largest ethnic groups, the Oromo and Amhara, in the northern Amhara region may be as high as 200, up from previous reports of at least 50.
    (Reuters, 4/25/21)

2021        Apr 30, It was reported that Ethiopia has swept up thousands of Tigrayans into detention centers across the country on accusations that they are traitors.
    (SFC, 4/30/21, p.A4)

2021        May 6, The UN announced it has released $65 million for humanitarian aid in Ethiopia, including $40 million for the Tigray region where a military operation launched in November has escalated into a war in which widespread atrocities are reported and thousands have been killed.
    (AP, 5/6/21)

2021        May 8, Congo’s Pres. Felix Tshisekedi , the current head of the African Union, met with Egyptian and Sudanese officials amid international and regional efforts to relaunch negotiations over Ethiopia’s disputed dam on the Nile River’s main tributary.
    (AP, 5/8/21)

2021        May 9, Sudanese authorities deported around three dozen Ethiopian peacekeepers, working on the UN mission in Darfur, to a refugee camp. The troops are among 120 Ethiopian forces from the Tigrayan ethnic group, who have sought asylum in Sudan.
    (AP, 5/9/21)

2021        May 15, Ethiopia again delayed its national election after some opposition parties said they wouldn’t take part and as conflict in the country’s Tigray region means no vote is being held there.
    (AP, 5/15/21)

2021        May 20, Ethiopia expelled Simon Marks, an Irish journalist working for The New York Times, dealing a new blow to press freedom in a country as the government fights a grinding war in the northern region of Tigray.
    (NY Times, 5/20/21)

2021        May 24, In Ethiopia the Tsehaye and Adi Wonfito camps, host to some 12,000 people displaced by the Tigray conflict, were raided by soldiers who suspected the camps had been infiltrated by fighters from the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front. At least 200 displaced people were arrested in the raids.
    (AP, 5/27/21)

2021        May 26, US President Joe Biden called for a ceasefire in Ethiopia's conflict in the northern region of Tigray. Biden also highlighted the possibility of famine.
    (BBC, 5/27/21)

2021        May 29, An Ethiopian national working for an Italian charity was killed in the war-hit Tigray region after he was “hit by a stray bullet.” He is the ninth aid worker reported killed in Tigray since fighting broke out there nearly seven months ago.
    (AP, 6/1/21)

2021        May 30, More than 10,000 people attended an anti-US rally in Ethiopia's capital, Addis Ababa, to denounce President Joe Biden's policy on the conflict in the country's northern region of Tigray. Other rallies denouncing the US were also held in other cities including Diredawa, Harar and Gambella.
    (BBC, 5/30/21)

2021        Jun 1, The UN said more than 90 percent of people in Ethiopia's war-torn Tigray region need emergency food aid, as it appealed for over $200 million to scale up its response.
    (AP, 6/1/21)

2021        Jun 9, A UN official said that a high-level UN-led committee that focuses on rapid responses to humanitarian crises estimates that some 350,000 people in Ethiopia’s embattled Tigray region are facing famine conditions.
    (AP, 6/9/21)

2021        Jun 11, UN humanitarian chief Mark Lowcock said there is famine in northern Ethiopia after the release of a UN-backed analysis of the situation.
    (BBC, 6/11/21)

2021        Jun 15, Ethiopia’s UN ambassador said that Eritrean troops who have been fighting with his country’s forces in a war against the Tigray region’s fugitive leaders “will definitely leave soon,” a move that would be welcomed by many.
    (AP, 6/15/21)

2021        Jun 16, As of today Ethiopia has seen 274,346 confirmed Covid cases and 4,250 deaths.
    (BBC, 6/17/21)

2021        Jun 21, Ethiopians voted in key elections amid rising tensions and a conflict in the northern Tigray region. The vote has been postponed in Tigray, where the army has been fighting a local force since November. PM Abiy Ahmed said he was working with the Eritrean troops to get them to leave but said he would not "push them out".
    (AP, 6/21/21)(BBC, 6/22/21)

2021        Jun 22, In Ethiopia dozens of people were reportedly killed or injured after Ethiopia's air force bombed a market in the northern region of Tigray.
    (BBC, 6/23/21)
2021        Jun 22, A UN human rights expert said Eritrea now has "effective control" of parts of Ethiopia's Tigray region. Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker called for troops to withdraw and for a prompt investigation into abuses, including the abduction of refugees.
    (AP, 6/22/21)

2021        Jun 25, In Ethiopia three aid workers employed by Doctors without borders were found dead a day after they had disappeared in the Tigray region. Their bullet-riddled bodies were sprawled on a dusty roadside near their burned-out vehicle. In 2022 It was reported that Col. Tadesse Bekele, of the Ethiopian military’s 31st Division, ordered soldiers to fire on the vehicle.
    (SSFC, 6/27/21, p.A5)(NY Times, 3/17/22)

2021        Jun 26, The United States estimated that up to 900,000 people in Ethiopia’s Tigray region now face famine conditions amid a deadly conflict, even as the prime minister says there is “no hunger” there.
    (AP, 6/26/21)

2021        Jun 28, In Ethiopia Tigrayan fighters took control of the regional capital, Mekelle. Soldiers from Eritrea withdrew from three key towns in the Tigray region. Ethiopian forces retreated and Ethiopia’s government declared an immediate, unilateral cease-fire.
    (NY Times, 6/29/21)(AP, 6/29/21)

2021        Jul 1, Ethiopia's government urged Tigrayan rebels to join a unilateral ceasefire in their conflict as aid agencies struggled to reach hundreds of thousands of people facing famine.
    (AP, 7/1/21)

2021        Jul 2, Ethiopia’s government rejected accusations that it’s trying to “suffocate the Tigray people” by denying them urgently needed food and other aid, even as transport and communications links remained severed to the region that faces the world's worst famine crisis in a decade.
    (AP, 7/2/21)

2021        Jul 3, UN officials recent fighting in the Tigray region of Ethiopia has resulted in a famine that is now affecting more than 400,000 people.
    (AP, 7/3/21)

2021        Jul 4, Rebels in Ethiopia's Tigray region said they must be recognized as its legitimate government before they accept any ceasefire.
    (BBC, 7/4/21)

2021        Jul 5, Egypt accused Ethiopia of violating international law after it received a notice saying that Ethiopia's dam upstream on the Nile is now filling up with water for a second year.
    (BBC, 7/6/21)

2021        Jul 10, Ethiopia's election board said PM Abiy Ahmed has won the country's delayed elections with an overwhelming majority.
    (BBC, 7/11/21)

2021        Jul 13, It was reported that thousands of Tigrayans are being detained and their businesses closed in cities across Ethiopia in a new wave of ethnic targeting by authorities over the eight-month conflict in the Tigray region.
    (AP, 7/13/21)

2021        Jul 14, Ethiopia’s government accused humanitarian aid groups working in its war-hit Tigray region of “arming” Tigray fighters and threatened to halt some groups’ operations there.
    (AP, 7/15/21)

2021        Jul 16, Forces in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region said they have released around 1,000 low level government soldiers captured during recent fighting. More than 5,000 soldiers reportedly remained in their hands.
    (Reuters, 7/17/21)

2021        Jul 18, A WFP convoy bearing food for Ethiopia's war-hit Tigray came under attack at the weekend, dealing a further blow to aid distribution in a region threatened with famine. The Tigray conflict had pushed 400,000 people into famine and that another 1.8 million people are on the brink of famine.
    (AFP, 7/19/21)

2021        Jul 22, The international authority on famine classification, the Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) as it is known, said 400,000 people in Tigray were experiencing catastrophic levels of hunger. Tens of thousands of government supporters rallied in Addis Ababa to show support for the army. Several people in Afar told the BBC the rebel Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) had killed civilians.
    (BBC, 7/23/21)

2021        Jul 23, It was reported that thousands of Eritrean refugees are increasingly caught in the middle of the conflict in Ethiopia’s Tigray region, where witnesses and UN officials say forces have attacked their camps, abducted or killed some of the residents, and stolen their food and possessions.
    (AP, 7/23/21)

2021        Jul 26, Residents of Ethiopia's Amhara region said some young men were responding to a weekend call to arms by their president, as Amhara's government denied that forces from neighboring Tigray had advanced further into the region.
    (Reuters, 7/26/21)

2021        Jul 27, The head of the UN World Food Program says the agency will “run out of food” in Ethiopia’s conflict-hit Tigray region on July 30, while hundreds of thousands of people there face the world’s worst famine crisis in a decade. The WFP said 170 trucks loaded with relief supplies were stranded in the Afar region, waiting for Ethiopian permission to travel to Tigray.
    (AP, 7/27/21)(SFC, 7/30/21, p.A4)

2021        Jul 29, Intense fighting was being reported in Ethiopia's Amhara state - the latest sign that the war that erupted in the Tigray region in November is spreading.
    (BBC, 7/29/21)

2021        Aug 2, A Sudanese official said local authorities in Kassala province have found more than 40 bodies, apparently people fleeing the war in neighboring Ethiopia’s Tigray region, floating in the river between the countries over the past week, some with gunshot wounds or their hands bound.
    (AP, 8/2/21)

2021        Aug 3, The UN humanitarian chief warned Ethiopian authorities that blanket accusations against aid workers in the country’s embattled Tigray region and elsewhere are “dangerous” and must stop. Two international aid groups said that the Ethiopian government had suspended part or all of their operations.
    (AP, 8/3/21)

2021        Aug 6, It was reported that rebels from Ethiopia's northern Tigray region have taken control of the town of Lalibela, a UNESCO world heritage site in neighboring Amhara region.
    (BBC, 8/6/21)

2021        Aug 7, It was reported that around 50 bodies have been discovered over the last two weeks in the Setit River, which flows through some of the most troubled areas of the nine-month conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray region.
    (AP, 8/7/21)

2021        Aug 8, Sudan said it ordered its envoy to Ethiopia home for consultations after a government spokeswoman in Addis Ababa rejected a Sudanese initiative to mediate a cease-fire in the Tigray war and accused it of occupying Ethiopian territory.
    (AP, 8/8/21)

2021        Aug 10, Ethiopia’s government called on “all capable Ethiopians” to join the military and stop resurgent forces from the embattled Tigray region “once and for all”.
    (AP, 8/10/21)

2021        Aug 11, In Ethiopia Oromo Liberation Army leader Kumsa Diriba said his group has struck a military alliance with Tigray forces now pressing toward the capital.
    (SFC, 8/12/21, p.A4)
2021        Aug 11, Amnesty International said the Ethiopian military and its allies are responsible for widespread sexual violence against women in Tigray, using rape as a strategy of war.
    (AP, 8/11/21)

2021        Aug 18, In western Ethiopia gunmen, reportedly from the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), killed at least 150 people in an attack against local residents.
    {Ethiopia}
    (Reuters, 8/26/21)

2021        Aug 23, The United States imposed sanctions on Filipos Woldeyohannes, the chief of staff of the Eritrean Defense Forces (EDF), for being engaged in serious human rights abuse in the conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray region.
    (Reuters, 8/23/21)

2021        Aug 23, Ethiopia's state communications security agency said it has begun developing its own social media platform to rival Facebook (FB.O), Twitter (TWTR.N) and WhatsApp, though it does not plan to block the global services.
    (Reuters, 8/23/21)

2021        Aug 24, The US and EU raised an alarm over the recent deployment of troops from Eritrea to Ethiopia's Tigray region.
    (Reuters, 8/24/21)

2021        Aug 30, Sudan summoned Ethiopia's ambassador to Khartoum to inform him that 29 corpses found on the banks of a river abutting Ethiopia were those of Ethiopian citizens from the Tigray ethnic group. The bodies had been found between July 26 and Aug. 8 on the Sudanese side of the Setit River, known in Ethiopia as the Tekeze.
    (Reuters, 9/8/21)

2021        Aug 31, In Ethiopia Tigray fighters captured the village of Chenna Teklehaymanot in the Amhara region, shortly after a military division defending the area left for unknown reasons. At least 59 people killed by Tigray fighters as local defense forces confronted them.
    (AP, 9/10/21)

2021        Sep 2, In Ethiopia rebellious forces from the Tigray region killed 120 civilians over the last 48 hours in a village in the Amhara region.
    (Reuters, 9/8/21)

2021        Sep 5, The rebel forces in Ethiopia said that they had killed 3,073 "enemy forces", with 4,473 injured. This came after the military said it had killed more than 5,600 rebels, without specifying a timeframe.
    (BBC, 9/5/21)

2021        Sep 6, Ethiopia's TPLF said there was a "complete depletion of food stocks" in Tigray. About 150 people died of starvation in the war-hit Tigray region in August.
    (BBC, 9/7/21)

2021        Sep 8, Ethiopian officials said they have found the graves of at least 119 civilians after rebel forces withdrew from a village they had occupied.
    (BBC, 9/8/21)

2021        Sep 9, Ethiopia said that rebellious forces from the Tigray region had been defeated in the adjacent Afar region and had withdrawn, but the Tigrayan forces said they had merely shifted troops to neighboring Amhara for an offensive there.
    (Reuters, 9/9/21)

2021        Sep 16, Human Rights Watch reported that Eritrean soldiers and Tigrayan militias raped, detained and killed Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia’s northern region of Tigray last November.
    (Reuters, 9/16/21)

2021        Sep 17, The United States paved the way for further sanctions to be imposed on parties to the conflict in northern Ethiopia, where thousands have been killed and millions are in need of humanitarian assistance. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said the US would delay the sanctions if the Ethiopian government and the Tigray People’s Liberation front cease ongoing hostilities and enter into ceasefire negotiations immediately and without preconditions.
    (Reuters, 9/17/21)

2021        Sep 30, Ethiopia said it is expelling seven senior United Nations officials, two days after a senior UN official said hundreds of thousands of people in the northern region of Tigray were likely experiencing famine.
    (Reuters, 9/30/21)
2021        Sep 30, Ethiopians in three regions, where elections had been delayed, headed to the polls to vote for their representatives. Voters in part of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) also voted in a referendum on whether to breakaway and form their own regional state, which would make it Ethiopia's 11th.
    (Reuters, 9/30/21)

2021        Oct 2, Members of Ethiopia’s largest ethnic group, the Oromo, protested against the government and called for the release of jailed opposition figures as they gathered in the capital for their annual Thanksgiving festival of Irreecha.
    (AP, 10/2/21)

2021        Oct 3, Ethiopia's Sisay Lemma won the men's London Marathon in a time of two hours, four minutes and one second after breaking away from the leading pack late in the race.
    (Reuters, 10/3/21)

2021        Oct 4, Ethiopia's parliament confirmed incumbent Abiy Ahmed as prime minister for a five-year term, cementing his power domestically amid mounting international concern of his government's handling of the conflict in northern Ethiopia.
    (Reuters, 10/4/21)

2021        Oct 8, In Ethiopia a spokesman for the Tigrayan forces said airstrikes against Tigrayan forces in the northern region of Amhara have intensified over the last 24 hours.
    (Reuters, 10/8/21)

2021        Oct 11, Ethiopia's national army launched a ground offensive against forces from the northern region of Tigray.
    (Reuters, 10/11/21)

2021        Oct 13, Ethiopian military and allies from the Amhara region fought the Tigrayan forces on several fronts, in both the Amhara and Afar regions which neighbor Tigray.
    (Reuters, 10/13/21)

2021        Oct 14, It was reported that Turkey has expanded its exports of armed drones by negotiating sales deals with Morocco and Ethiopia after their successful use in international conflicts.
    (Reuters, 10/14/21)

2021        Oct 18, Rebellious Tigrayan forces accused the Ethiopian government of launching air strikes on the capital of Tigray region. The government initially denied the reports, but later said the attacks had targeted rebel's communications and weapons facilities. Three civilians were reported killed.
    (Reuters, 10/18/21)(BBC, 10/18/21)

2021        Oct 20, Ethiopian government air strikes hit the capital of the northern Tigray region, the third such attack this week in a stepped up a campaign to weaken rebellious Tigrayan forces.
    (Reuters, 10/20/21)

2021        Oct 21, Ethiopia carried out an air strike on the city of Mekelle for the third day this week, in a campaign to weaken rebellious Tigrayan forces they have been fighting for nearly a year.
    (Reuters, 10/21/21)

2021        Oct 28, An Ethiopian air strike hit the capital of the northern region of Tigray, with Tigrayan forces saying it killed three civilians in their homes, while the government said the strike hit a factory where military equipment was stored.
    (Reuters, 10/28/21)

2021        Oct 30, Rebellious Tigrayan forces said they had seized the strategic town of Dessie in Ethiopia's Amhara region where tens of thousands of ethnic Amharas have sought refuge from an escalation in fighting, but the government denied this.
    (Reuters, 10/30/21)

2021        Nov 1, Ethiopia's government accused rebellious Tigrayan forces of killing 100 youths in the key town of Kombolcha, as the United States expressed concern about Tigrayan advances a year into the fighting.
    (Reuters, 11/1/21)

2021        Nov 2, Ethiopia declared a state of emergency and called on its citizens to pick up arms and prepare to defend the capital as rebel forces from the northern region of Tigray pressed south toward the city following the capture of two key towns.
    (NY Times, 11/3/21)
2021        Nov 2, President Joe Biden said in a letter to Congress said the United States plans to remove Ethiopia, Mali and Guinea from the agreement that gives them duty-free access to the United States, citing human rights violations.
    (Reuters, 11/2/21)

2021        Nov 4, In Ethiopia a wave of fear spread across Addis Ababa as the authorities accelerated their campaign against members of the once-powerful Tigrayan ethnic group accused of sympathizing with rebels now pressing toward the city.
    (NY Times, 11/4/21)

2021        Nov 5, It was reported that nine anti-government factions were forming an alliance to push for a political transition in Ethiopia.
    (Reuters, 11/5/21)
2021        Nov 5, Social network Twitter Inc said it has temporarily disabled its Trends section in Africa's conflict-hit nation of Ethiopia over threats of physical harm.
    (Reuters, 11/5/21)

2021        Nov 7, In Ethiopia tens of thousands rallied in Addis Ababa in support of PM Abiy Ahmed's government as federal troops fought rebellious forces who are threatening to march on the city.
    (Reuters, 11/7/21)

2021        Nov 9, A UN spokesperson said at least 16 United Nations staff and dependents have been detained in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, amid reports of widespread arrests of ethnic Tigrayans.
    (Reuters, 11/9/21)

2021        Nov 10, Rights group Amnesty International said fighters from Ethiopia's Tigray region have gang-raped and abused women in neighboring Amhara region.
    (Reuters, 11/10/21)
2021        Nov 10, A UN spokesperson said Ethiopian authorities have detained 72 drivers working with the United Nations in Semera, the capital city of Afar region, amid international alarm over reported widespread arrests of ethnic Tigrayans as the war in the country's north escalates.
    (Reuters, 11/10/21)

2021        Nov 15, The United Nations announced it will provide $40 million in emergency funding for conflict-wracked northern Ethiopia and drought-affected southern areas, and welcomed the release of 34 truck drivers waiting to deliver aid to war-torn Tigray.
    (AP, 11/15/21)

2021        Nov 16, It was reported that authorities in Ethiopia have detained at least 1,000 people, most of them of Tigrayan origin, under a state of emergency the government declared earlier this month after a brutal yearlong war with rival Tigray forces.
    (AP, 11/16/21)
2021        Nov 16, The US State Department again urged US citizens in Ethiopia to leave the country immediately, adding that the United States has no plans to facilitate an evacuation via military or commercial aircraft as Washington steps up pressure to bring an end to the conflict in Ethiopia.
    (Reuters, 11/16/21)

2021        Nov 24, State-affiliated media reported that Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed has gone to direct the war from the front lines, as two Olympian athletes announced they were enlisting in the military. Germany and France became the latest countries to advise their citizens to leave Ethiopia, amid an escalation in the country's civil war.
    (Reuters, 11/24/21)(BBC, 11/24/21)
2021        Nov 24, The UN said a convoy of about 40 trucks carrying relief supplies, including food, had left for Tigray from neighboring Afar. The UN estimates 100 trucks should be entering Tigray each day to meet humanitarian needs.
    (Reuters, 11/25/21)

2021        Nov 25, Ethiopia’s government issued a new order aiming to restrict media reporting of the country’s yearlong war, prohibiting the sharing of non-official information on “military-related movements, battlefront results and situations”.
    (AP, 11/26/21)

2021        Nov 26, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed vowed to "bury the enemy" in what state media said was his first message from the battlefront, as the United Nations warned that the year-long conflict has left more than nine million people in need of food aid.
    (AFP, 11/26/21)
2021        Nov 26, Canadian Foreign Minister Melanie Joly urged citizens to leave Ethiopia immediately, saying Canada was very worried by the "rapidly deteriorating security situation".
    (Reuters, 11/26/21)

2021        Nov 27, Sudan's military claimed that Ethiopian military and militia forces attacked the border area of al-Fashaqa, a disputed agricultural area that straddles the two countries.
    (AP, 11/28/21)

2021        Nov 28, France began repatriating some of its nationals from the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa after chartering a special flight to bring them back to Paris.
    (Reuters, 11/28/21)
2021        Nov 28, Israel's government approved the immigration of several thousand Jews from war-torn Ethiopia, some of whom have waited for decades to join their relatives in Israel.
    (AP, 11/28/21)

2021        Dec 1, Ethiopia's PM Abiy Ahmed said soldiers supported by regional forces have recaptured territory from rebellious Tigrayan fighters.
    (Reuters, 12/1/21)
2021        Dec 1, Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said UN flights between Tigray’s capital Mekelle and Ethiopia’s capital Addis Ababa had also restarted. 157 trucks with food and humanitarian aid arrived in Tigray’s capital for the first time in more than six weeks and another aid convoy was moving.
    (AP, 12/1/21)

2021        Dec 3, It was reported that Ethiopian authorities have closed all secondary schools so pupils can harvest crops for those on the frontline of the civil war.
    (BBC, 12/3/21)

2021        Dec 6, Ethiopia's government said its forces have recaptured the strategic towns of Dessie and Kombolcha from rebellious Tigrayan forces.
    (Reuters, 12/6/21)

2021        Dec 9, The World Food Program (WFP) said it has suspended distribution of food aid in two northern Ethiopian towns after gunmen looted its warehouses.
    (BBC, 12/9/21)

2021        Dec 12, It was reported that Tigrayan forces have recaptured the town of Lalibela in Ethiopia, less than two weeks after government forces and their allies took control.
    (Reuters, 12/12/21)

2021        Dec 16, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch (HRW) said armed forces from Ethiopia's Amhara region have stepped up killings, mass detentions and expulsions of ethnic Tigrayans in neighboring western Tigray.
    (Reuters, 12/16/21)

2021        Dec 17, The UN Human Rights Council voted to set up an independent investigation into abuses in the Ethiopian conflict.
    (Reuters, 12/17/21)

2021        Dec 20, In Ethiopia Tigrayan forces fighting the central government said they have withdrawn from neighboring regions in Ethiopia's north, a step towards a possible ceasefire after major territorial gains by the Ethiopian military.
    (Reuters, 12/20/21)

2021        Dec 21, A government spokeswoman said the Ethiopian army was clearing rebellious Tigrayan forces from the northern Amhara and Afar regions.
    (Reuters, 12/21/21)

2021        Dec 23, Ethiopia’s government announced that its forces will not advance deeper into the Tigray region.
    (AP, 12/23/21)

2021        Dec 29, Ethiopian lawmakers approved a bill to establish a commission for national dialogue, amid international pressure for negotiations to end the 13-month conflict in the Tigray region.
    (AP, 12/29/21)

2021        Dec, Soldiers from Ethiopia's national army killed 30 civilians in a district of the Oromiya Zone in the Amhara region. This was only made public in 2022 by the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission.
    (Reuters, 3/11/22)

2022        Jan 1, The United States cut Ethiopia, Mali and Guinea from access to a duty-free trade program, following through on President Joe Biden's threat to do so over alleged human rights violations and recent coups.
    (Reuters, 1/1/22)

2022        Jan 4, In Ethiopia doctors at the Ayder Referral Hospital in the regional capital Mekelle, which is under the control of Tigrayan forces fighting the central government, said the lack of supplies is largely the result of a months-long government aid blockade on the northern region. Doctors identified 117 deaths and dozens of complications, including infections, amputations and kidney failure, which they said were linked to shortages of essential medicines and equipment.
    (Reuters, 1/5/22)

2022        Jan 5, In northern Ethiopia an air strike hit a refugee camp in the Tigray region, killing three Eritrean refugees, including two children.
    (Reuters, 1/7/22)
2022        Jan 5, Human Rights Watch (HRW) said thousands of ethnic Tigrayans have been detained in Ethiopia after being deported from Saudi Arabia, suffering brutality from guards and atrocious conditions in both nations.
    (Reuters, 1/5/22)

2022        Jan 7, In Ethiopia an air strike in the Tigray region killed 56 people and injured 30, including children, in a camp for displaced people. The state broadcaster reported that Ethiopia has freed several opposition leaders from prison, as the government said it would begin dialogue with political opponents after 14 months of war when thousands of people have been arrested.
    (Reuters, 1/7/22)(Reuters, 1/8/22)

2022        Jan 9, In Ethiopia aid organizations suspended their operations in an area of northwest Tigray where 56 civilians were killed by an air strike over the weekend. The Tigray People's Liberation Front, the party that controls most of the northern Ethiopia region of Tigray, accused Eritrea of attacking its troops.
    (Reuters, 1/9/22)

2022        Jan 10, An Ethiopian drone strike killed 17 civilians near Mai Tsebri in the northern Tigray region. On this same day US Pres. Joe Biden spoke with PM Abiy Ahmed expressing concern about such attacks in the ongoing war.
    (SFC, 1/12/22, p.A3)

2022        Jan 12, It was reported that Homo sapiens fossils found in Ethiopia in 1967 are older than previously believed. Researchers said they used the geochemical fingerprints of a thick layer of ash found above the sediments containing the fossils to ascertain that it resulted from an eruption that spewed volcanic fallout over a wide swathe of Ethiopia roughly 233,000 years ago. The new findings conform with the most recent scientific models of human evolution placing the emergence of Homo sapiens sometime between 350,000 to 200,000 years ago.
    (Reuters, 1/12/22)

2022        Jan 13, The committee that awards the Nobel Peace Prize appealed to Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed, who won the award in 2019, to halt the conflict unfolding in the country's northern region of Tigray.
    (Reuters, 1/13/22)

2022        Jan 14, Ethiopia's foreign ministry called on the World Health Organization (WHO) to investigate its leader for supporting rebellious forces fighting the Ethiopian government. WHO director general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, who previously served as the Ethiopian health minister and foreign minister, said earlier this week that aid was being blocked from getting through to his home region of Tigray.
    (Reuters, 1/16/22)
2022        Jan 14, The UN human rights office (OHCHR) expressed alarm at "multiple, deeply disturbing reports" of air strikes in the Tigray region of Ethiopia, saying at least 108 civilians had been killed since the start of January.
    (Reuters, 1/14/22)

2022        Jan 20, The UN said its food distribution in Ethiopia’s blockaded Tigray region has reached its “all-time lowest” while more than 50,000 children are thought to be severely malnourished.
    (AP, 1/20/22)

2022        Jan 26, Ethiopia's cabinet approved the lifting of a six-month state of emergency ahead of its expiration in light of changing security conditions in the country.
    (Reuters, 1/26/22)
2022        Jan 26 A report by the independent Ethiopia Insight said 5,421 deaths were confirmed in Tigray between July and oOctober of last year. Nealy 1,500 people died of malnutrition.
    (SFC, 1/28/22, p.A2)

2022        Feb 1, Ethiopian Airlines said it has resumed flights with the Boeing 737-Max nearly three years after a crash of one of the aircraft outside the country's capital killed 157 people.
    (AP, 2/1/22)

2022        Feb 3, In Ethiopia at least five Eritreans were killed when gunmen attacked a refugee camp in Ethiopia's northeastern Afar region during fighting between rebellious Tigrayan and Afar forces in the area.
    (Reuters, 2/18/22)

2022        Feb 5, In Ethiopia African Union leaders met at a summit in Addis Ababa to discuss the continent's most pressing challenges.
    (AP, 2/5/22)

2022        Feb 8, In Ethiopia the government of the Afar region said more than 300,000 people have been displaced by warfare there since December and it accused Tigrayan forces of killing civilians and looting.
    (Reuters, 2/8/22)
2022        Feb 8, The UN World Food Program said that 13 million people across the Horn of Africa face severe hunger, calling for immediate assistance to avoid a repeat of a famine a decade ago that killed hundreds of thousands of people. People in a region including Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya faced the driest conditions recorded since 1981.
    (Reuters, 2/8/22)(AP, 2/8/22)

2022        Feb 11, Deputy UN Secretary-General Amina Mohammed said she was deeply shaken by accounts of rape from Ethiopian women, which she described as "your worst nightmare”.
    (Reuters, 2/12/22)

2022        Feb 15, Ethiopia's parliament voted for an early end to a six-month state of emergency, effective immediately, adding to signs that a bloody conflict between the government and rebellious Tigrayan forces could be easing.
    (Reuters, 2/15/22)

2022        Feb 18, The United Nations said the last UN staff member detained by the Ethiopian government has been released, ending a months-long effort to gain freedom for at least 16 UN employees picked up since late October during the ongoing war in the country’s north.
    (AP, 2/18/22)

2022        Feb 20, Ethiopia began producing electricity from its Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), a multi-billion-dollar hydropower plant on the River Nile that neighbors Sudan and Egypt have worried will cause water shortages downstream.
    (Reuters, 2/20/22)

2022        Feb 23, Tigrayan members of a UN peacekeeping force said the United Nations is failing to support their members as they fear returning home to Ethiopia and facing potential detention amid the country’s Tigray conflict.
    (AP, 2/23/22)

2022        Mar 2, In western Ethiopia at least 53 people died after an unidentified armed group attacked a civilian convoy and its military escort in Metekel, a region plagued by ethnic violence. Eleven more people were killed the following day.
    (Reuters, 3/14/22)

2022        Mar 4, The UN appealed for $205 million to deliver life-saving assistance to more than 1.6 million people who have fled the fighting in northern Ethiopia.
    (AFP, 3/4/22)

2022        Mar 7, UN human rights chief Michelle Bachelet told the Geneva-based Human Rights Council her staff had recorded 304 deaths and injuries to 373 people in air attacks "apparently carried out by the Ethiopian Air Force" in Tigray and Afar regions.
    (Reuters, 3/7/22)

2022        Mar 8, In Ethiopia 12 Tigrayan officials, an activist and another man were arrested in a series of raids over the last two days.
    (Reuters, 3/18/22)

2022        Mar 10, It was reported that Ethiopian Airlines has emerged as the unidentified buyer of five Boeing current-generation 777 freighters reported this week.
    (Reuters, 3/10/22)

2022        Mar 11, The Ethiopian Human Rights Commission said at least 749 civilians died in fighting in regions in northern Ethiopia since July last year, including extrajudicial killings by all sides involved in the conflict.
    (Reuters, 3/11/22)

2022        Mar 12, Ethiopia's government said it would act against the perpetrators after a video appeared on social media showing armed men, some in military uniforms, burning civilians to death in the Ayisid Kebele of Metekel Zone in the Benishangul-Gumuz region.
    (Reuters, 3/12/22)

2022        Mar 16, The WHO said The Tigray region of Ethiopia has been sealed off from the outside world for about 500 days with no food aid delivered since the middle of December. There was no treatment for about 40,000 people with HIV in the region.
    (SFC, 3/17/22, p.A3)

2022        Mar 24, Ethiopia's government declared an immediate, unilateral truce in its conflict with rebellious Tigrayan forces to allow aid into the war-ravaged northern province. Rebellious Tigrayan forces said they will respect the ceasefire proposed by PM Abiy Ahmed's government, as long as sufficient aid is delivered to their region "within reasonable time".
    (Reuters, 3/24/22)(Reuters, 3/25/22)

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