Timeline Oman

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The area of Oman is 120,861 sq mls. The capital is Muscat  and two religions are practiced: Ibadhi and Sunni Muslim. The Bedouin converse in the Harsusi language. The land area is 82,030 sq mls (this includes a small area on the strait of Hormuz).
    (NG, 5/95, p.120)(SFC, 5/9/96, p.A-14)
6,000BCE    Ash from ancient campfires of this time were found in Muscat in 1983.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.48)

5,000BCE    Shell and fishbone middens indicated a fishing village of this time at Ras al Hamra in Qurum.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.48)

4500BCE    Northern Oman has a ceramic tradition back to this time.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.52)

2500-2000    The Magan-period of Oman. Numerous slag heaps and third millennium remains from mining and smelting have been found at the oasis village of Maysar in central-eastern Oman. Magan supplied copper ingots to the seafaring merchants of southern Mesopotamia.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)(Arch, 9/00, p.48)

2500-1300    In the Dhofar region of Oman, a fortress was built at Shisur next to a permanent spring and used up to 1500AD.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.52)

2300BCE    Sumerian cuneiform texts mention the land of Magan (possibly Oman) as a source of copper and diorite for the states of Mesopotamia.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)

2291BC-2254BC    Naram-Sin ruled Akkad. He defeated a rebel coalition in Sumer and re-established Akkadian power. He re-conquered Syria, Lebanon, and the Taurus mountains, destroying Aleppo and Mari in the process.  During his reign the Gutians sacked the city of Agade and eventually destroyed all of Sumer (southern Iraq). During his reign Naram-Sin campaigned against the region of Magan (Oman).
    (http://tinyurl.com/ctv5f)

2254BC-2230BC    Shar-Kali-Sharri, son of Naram-Sin, ruled Akkad. He fought to preserve the realm but it disintegrated under rebellion and invasion.
    (http://tinyurl.com/ctv5f)

2113BCE    Ur's golden century began when King Ur-Nammu expanded the Sumerian empire and made his capital the wealthiest city in Mesopotamia. Ur-Namma was the founder of the Third Dynasty of Ur. He made sure Magan (Oman) boats could freely come and go from Ur’s harbor.
    (AP, 4/15/03)(Arch, 9/00, p.46)

2068        Shulgi, king of Ur, accepted gold from the king of Magan (Oman).
    (Arch, 9/00, p.47)

2000-1600    A transitional culture known as early Wadi Suq.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)

1600-1300    A transitional culture known as late Wadi Suq.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)

1300-300BCE    The Omani Iron Age.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)

1,000BCE    Evidence from Maysar indicated that the building of irrigation systems known as falaj were probably introduced by the Persians about this time or even earlier.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)

300BCE-500AD         The classical period in Oman.

250BCE        A finely burnished red pottery was introduced by the Parthians in northern Oman.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.53)

150BCE-200AD        In Oman triliths, small, 3-stone monuments, were set in rows in the Mahra tribal territory. Many were inscribed with an undeciphered south Arabic script. The Mahra and Shahra are Semitic, non-Arabic speaking tribes in the Dhofar Mountains that even today control much of the frankincense region.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.53)

xxxx        The Omani epic Kashf al-Gumma refers to a people of Ad in Dhofar and describes their involvement in the incense trade.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.)

1500-1700    Lamu Island, off the coast of Kenya, was dominated by the Portuguese after which the Sultan of Oman made it part of his kingdom.
    (SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T6)

1507-1650AD    The country’s littoral was dominated by Portuguese adventurers who constructed forts at Mirani and Jalali.
    (NG, 5/95, p.121)

1508        Alfonso d’Albuquerque, Portuguese navigator, conquered Muscat.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.53)

1515        Afonso d’Albuquerque, Viceroy of the Portuguese Indies, captured Hormuz (Ormuz) and forced all other traders to round the Cape of Good Hope. This established Portugal’s supremacy in trade with the Far East. Hormuz is the strait between Iran and Trucial Oman.
    (TL-MB, p.11)(WUD, 1994, p.684)

1650        Portuguese rule ended in Oman.
    (SSFC, 3/30/08, p.E4)

1670-1680    The Nizwa Fort was built 100 miles southwest of Muscat.
    (AM, May/Jun 97 p.46)

1700        The Portuguese built the Old Fort in Stone Town, Zanzibar, to defend against the sultan of Oman.
    (SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)

1810        Lamu Fort was built on Lamu Island.
    (SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T7)

1815        Britain took action against pirate sheikhs protected by the Wahabis, later rulers of Saudi Arabia, because ships of the East India Company were attacked in int’l. waters. Britain allied with the ruler of Muscat and Oman and Mohamed Ali of Egypt.
    (WSJ, 10/9/01, p.A22)

1834        Pres. Jackson had special 1804 silver dollars minted for the sultan of Muscat (later Oman) and the King of Siam (later Thailand) for trade treaties negotiated by Edmund Roberts.
    (SFEC, 8/8/99, p.A6)

1840        Zanzibar became the capital of Oman and the sultan ruled from Stone Town.
    (SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)

1870-1888    The Omani Sultan Barghash ruled in Zanzibar.
    (SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T7)

1907        The British forced the abolition of slavery on the new Sultan of Zanzibar.
    (SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T7)

1957        The book “The Sultan in Oman” by Jan Morris (b.1926), British travel writer, was published. It was set in 1955 and described the Sultan’s traveling party after a brief war.
    (www.hku.hk/english/courses2000/2045/morris.htm)

1967        This year marks the beginning of oil production in Oman.
    (NG, 5/95, p.120)

1970        Jul 23, Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said deposed his father, Sultan Said bin Taimur, and took over rule in Oman. Sultan Qaboos sent his father to exile in London’s Dorchester hotel.
    (NG, 5/95, p.120)(AP internet 7/23/97)(WSJ, 12/14/01, p.A1)

1981        May 25, Sheik Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1918-2004), United Arab Emirates President, urged in 5 other Arab monarchies (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia) to form the Gulf Cooperation Council. The unified economic agreement between the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council was signed on 11 November 1981 in Riyadh.
    (Econ, 11/20/04, p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council)

1984        The space shuttle Challenger turned up images of what was thought to be the “lost city of Ubar.”
    (SFEC, 7/5/98, p.A10)

1986        Oman’s first university, the Sultan Qaboos University, opened.
    (SFC, 5/9/96, p.A-14)(SSFC, 3/30/08, p.E4)

1986        Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said began to develop his own home-grown classical orchestra.
    (WSJ, 12/14/01, p.A6)

1996        Jun3, The German electronics group, Siemans AG, was given a contract to install a mobile telephone network for $21.5 mil. to be completed by 1997.
    (WSJ, 8/8/95, p. B6D)

1996        The population of Oman was about 2 million.
    (NG, 5/95, p.120)

1997        Sep 15, In Oman a US Navy F/A-18 crashed and the pilot was killed.
    (WSJ, 9/16/97, p.A1)

2000        Sep, Millions of dead fish washed ashore from the Gulf of Oman 50 miles northwest of Muscat. It was the 2nd kill within a week and authorities suspected oxygen depletion by phytoplankton as the cause.
    (SFC, 9/9/00, p.A22)

2000        Dec 31, Six Persian Gulf nations (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates) signed a regional defense pact.
    (SFC, 1/1/01, p.A10)

2001        Jan, Geologist Marc Hauser found a meteorite from Mars in the Oman desert. It was named Sayh al Uhaymir 094 for the region where it was found.
    (SFC, 6/16/01, p.A2)

2001        Sep 23, The 6-member Persian “Gulf Cooperation Council” (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAR) met in Jidda and pledged support for an int’l. coalition against terrorism.
    (SFC, 9/24/01, p.A7)

2004        Jul 17, A court in Oman convicted an American woman of murdering her husband and sentenced her to death. Rebecca Thompson, along with her 14-year-old son, Derrick, and two Omani men, were convicted for the Jan 1 killing of Mark Thompson.
    (AP, 7/17/04)

2004        Nov 15, The Bush administration announced that it intended to negotiate trade agreements with Oman and the UAR.
    (Econ, 11/20/04, p.78)

2005        May 2, An Oman state security court convicted 30 people of plotting to overthrow the sultan and install an Islamic government, but spared them the death penalty. Another defendant was convicted of a lesser crime.
    (AP, 5/2/05)

2005        Oct 5, Iran's foreign minister met with Omani officials, part of a tour of Gulf countries to win support for his government's standoff with the West over its nuclear program.
    (AP, 10/5/05)

2006        Dec 10, The oil-rich Arab states on the Persian Gulf said that they will consider starting a joint nuclear program for peaceful purposes. The six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council included Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman.
    (AP, 12/10/06)

2007        Jun 4, Oman evacuated an island as Cyclone Gonu drew near the Persian Gulf.
    (WSJ, 6/5/07, p.A1)

2007        Jun 6, Cyclone Gonu battered Oman's coast on its path toward the world's most important crude oil tanker route. It waned after killing 49 in Oman and 9 people in Iran, where severe flooding encircled over 100 villages.
    (AP, 6/7/07)(WSJ, 6/9/07, p.A1)(AP, 6/10/07)

2008        Apr 14, The Olympic torch arrived in Oman amid tight security and expectations of a smooth relay on the Middle Eastern leg of the flame's round-the-world tour.
    (AP, 4/14/08)

2009        Jun 16, The US added six African countries to a blacklist of countries trafficking in people, and put US trading partner Malaysia back on the list. Chad, Eritrea, Niger, Mauritania, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe were added to the list in the annual report. Removed from the list were Qatar, Oman, Algeria, and Moldova.
    (AFP, 6/16/09)

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