Timeline Oman
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The
area of Oman is 120,861 sq mls. The capital is Muscat and two
religions are practiced: Ibadhi and Sunni Muslim. The Bedouin converse
in the Harsusi language. The land area is 82,030 sq mls (this includes
a small area on the strait of Hormuz).
(NG, 5/95, p.120)(SFC, 5/9/96, p.A-14)
6,000BCE Ash
from ancient campfires of this time were found in Muscat in 1983.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.48)
5,000BCE Shell and fishbone middens indicated a
fishing village of this time at Ras al Hamra in Qurum.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.48)
4500BCE Northern Oman has a ceramic tradition back to
this time.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.52)
2500-2000 The Magan-period of Oman. Numerous slag
heaps and third millennium remains from mining and smelting have been
found at the oasis village of Maysar in central-eastern Oman. Magan
supplied copper ingots to the seafaring merchants of southern
Mesopotamia.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)(Arch, 9/00, p.48)
2500-1300 In the Dhofar region of Oman, a fortress
was built at Shisur next to a permanent spring and used up to 1500AD.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.52)
2300BCE Sumerian cuneiform texts mention the land of
Magan (possibly Oman) as a source of copper and diorite for the states
of Mesopotamia.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)
2291BC-2254BC Naram-Sin ruled Akkad. He defeated a
rebel coalition in Sumer and re-established Akkadian power. He
re-conquered Syria, Lebanon, and the Taurus mountains, destroying
Aleppo and Mari in the process. During his reign the Gutians
sacked the city of Agade and eventually destroyed all of Sumer
(southern Iraq). During his reign Naram-Sin campaigned against the
region of Magan (Oman).
(http://tinyurl.com/ctv5f)
2254BC-2230BC Shar-Kali-Sharri, son of Naram-Sin,
ruled Akkad. He fought to preserve the realm but it disintegrated under
rebellion and invasion.
(http://tinyurl.com/ctv5f)
2113BCE Ur's golden century began when King Ur-Nammu
expanded the Sumerian empire and made his capital the wealthiest city
in Mesopotamia. Ur-Namma was the founder of the Third Dynasty of Ur. He
made sure Magan (Oman) boats could freely come and go from Ur’s harbor.
(AP, 4/15/03)(Arch, 9/00, p.46)
2068 Shulgi, king of Ur, accepted
gold from the king of Magan (Oman).
(Arch, 9/00, p.47)
2000-1600 A transitional culture known as early Wadi
Suq.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)
1600-1300 A transitional culture known as late Wadi
Suq.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)
1300-300BCE The Omani Iron Age.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)
1,000BCE Evidence from Maysar indicated that the
building of irrigation systems known as falaj were probably introduced
by the Persians about this time or even earlier.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.49)
300BCE-500AD The classical
period in Oman.
250BCE A finely burnished red
pottery was introduced by the Parthians in northern Oman.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.53)
150BCE-200AD In Oman triliths,
small, 3-stone monuments, were set in rows in the Mahra tribal
territory. Many were inscribed with an undeciphered south Arabic
script. The Mahra and Shahra are Semitic, non-Arabic speaking tribes in
the Dhofar Mountains that even today control much of the frankincense
region.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.53)
xxxx The Omani epic Kashf al-Gumma
refers to a people of Ad in Dhofar and describes their involvement in
the incense trade.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.)
1500-1700 Lamu Island, off the coast of Kenya, was
dominated by the Portuguese after which the Sultan of Oman made it part
of his kingdom.
(SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T6)
1507-1650AD The country’s littoral was dominated by
Portuguese adventurers who constructed forts at Mirani and Jalali.
(NG, 5/95, p.121)
1508 Alfonso d’Albuquerque,
Portuguese navigator, conquered Muscat.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.53)
1515 Afonso d’Albuquerque, Viceroy
of the Portuguese Indies, captured Hormuz (Ormuz) and forced all other
traders to round the Cape of Good Hope. This established Portugal’s
supremacy in trade with the Far East. Hormuz is the strait between Iran
and Trucial Oman.
(TL-MB, p.11)(WUD, 1994, p.684)
1650 Portuguese rule ended in Oman.
(SSFC, 3/30/08, p.E4)
1670-1680 The Nizwa Fort was built 100 miles
southwest of Muscat.
(AM, May/Jun 97 p.46)
1700 The Portuguese built the Old
Fort in Stone Town, Zanzibar, to defend against the sultan of Oman.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)
1810 Lamu Fort was built on Lamu
Island.
(SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T7)
1815 Britain took action against
pirate sheikhs protected by the Wahabis, later rulers of Saudi Arabia,
because ships of the East India Company were attacked in int’l. waters.
Britain allied with the ruler of Muscat and Oman and Mohamed Ali of
Egypt.
(WSJ, 10/9/01, p.A22)
1834 Pres. Jackson had special
1804 silver dollars minted for the sultan of Muscat (later Oman) and
the King of Siam (later Thailand) for trade treaties negotiated by
Edmund Roberts.
(SFEC, 8/8/99, p.A6)
1840 Zanzibar became the capital
of Oman and the sultan ruled from Stone Town.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)
1870-1888 The Omani Sultan Barghash ruled in Zanzibar.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T7)
1907 The British forced the
abolition of slavery on the new Sultan of Zanzibar.
(SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T7)
1957 The book “The Sultan in Oman”
by Jan Morris (b.1926), British travel writer, was published. It was
set in 1955 and described the Sultan’s traveling party after a brief
war.
(www.hku.hk/english/courses2000/2045/morris.htm)
1967 This year marks the beginning
of oil production in Oman.
(NG, 5/95, p.120)
1970 Jul 23, Sultan Qaboos bin
Said al Said deposed his father, Sultan Said bin Taimur, and took over
rule in Oman. Sultan Qaboos sent his father to exile in London’s
Dorchester hotel.
(NG, 5/95, p.120)(AP internet 7/23/97)(WSJ,
12/14/01, p.A1)
1981 May 25, Sheik Zayed bin
Sultan Al Nahyan (1918-2004), United Arab Emirates President, urged in
5 other Arab monarchies (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia)
to form the Gulf Cooperation Council. The unified economic agreement
between the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council was signed on 11
November 1981 in Riyadh.
(Econ, 11/20/04,
p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council)
1984 The space shuttle Challenger
turned up images of what was thought to be the “lost city of Ubar.”
(SFEC, 7/5/98, p.A10)
1986 Oman’s first university, the
Sultan Qaboos University, opened.
(SFC, 5/9/96, p.A-14)(SSFC, 3/30/08, p.E4)
1986 Sultan Qaboos bin Said al
Said began to develop his own home-grown classical orchestra.
(WSJ, 12/14/01, p.A6)
1996 Jun3, The German electronics
group, Siemans AG, was given a contract to install a mobile telephone
network for $21.5 mil. to be completed by 1997.
(WSJ, 8/8/95, p. B6D)
1996 The population of Oman was
about 2 million.
(NG, 5/95, p.120)
1997 Sep 15, In Oman a US Navy
F/A-18 crashed and the pilot was killed.
(WSJ, 9/16/97, p.A1)
2000 Sep, Millions of dead fish
washed ashore from the Gulf of Oman 50 miles northwest of Muscat. It
was the 2nd kill within a week and authorities suspected oxygen
depletion by phytoplankton as the cause.
(SFC, 9/9/00, p.A22)
2000 Dec 31, Six Persian Gulf
nations (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab
Emirates) signed a regional defense pact.
(SFC, 1/1/01, p.A10)
2001 Jan, Geologist Marc Hauser
found a meteorite from Mars in the Oman desert. It was named Sayh al
Uhaymir 094 for the region where it was found.
(SFC, 6/16/01, p.A2)
2001 Sep 23, The 6-member Persian
“Gulf Cooperation Council” (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
UAR) met in Jidda and pledged support for an int’l. coalition against
terrorism.
(SFC, 9/24/01, p.A7)
2004 Jul 17, A court in Oman
convicted an American woman of murdering her husband and sentenced her
to death. Rebecca Thompson, along with her 14-year-old son, Derrick,
and two Omani men, were convicted for the Jan 1 killing of Mark
Thompson.
(AP, 7/17/04)
2004 Nov 15, The Bush
administration announced that it intended to negotiate trade agreements
with Oman and the UAR.
(Econ, 11/20/04, p.78)
2005 May 2, An Oman state security
court convicted 30 people of plotting to overthrow the sultan and
install an Islamic government, but spared them the death penalty.
Another defendant was convicted of a lesser crime.
(AP, 5/2/05)
2005 Oct 5, Iran's foreign
minister met with Omani officials, part of a tour of Gulf countries to
win support for his government's standoff with the West over its
nuclear program.
(AP, 10/5/05)
2006 Dec 10, The oil-rich Arab
states on the Persian Gulf said that they will consider starting a
joint nuclear program for peaceful purposes. The six-nation Gulf
Cooperation Council included Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab
Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman.
(AP, 12/10/06)
2007 Jun 4, Oman evacuated an
island as Cyclone Gonu drew near the Persian Gulf.
(WSJ, 6/5/07, p.A1)
2007 Jun 6, Cyclone Gonu battered
Oman's coast on its path toward the world's most important crude oil
tanker route. It waned after killing 49 in Oman and 9 people in Iran,
where severe flooding encircled over 100 villages.
(AP, 6/7/07)(WSJ, 6/9/07, p.A1)(AP, 6/10/07)
2008 Apr 14, The Olympic torch
arrived in Oman amid tight security and expectations of a smooth relay
on the Middle Eastern leg of the flame's round-the-world tour.
(AP, 4/14/08)
2009 Jun 16, The US added six
African countries to a blacklist of countries trafficking in people,
and put US trading partner Malaysia back on the list. Chad, Eritrea,
Niger, Mauritania, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe were added to the list in
the annual report. Removed from the list were Qatar, Oman, Algeria, and
Moldova.
(AFP, 6/16/09)
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