Timeline Qatar
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Qatar covers 11,427 sq. km., less than half the size
of Belgium. The capital is Doha.
(Econ, 3/20/04, p.65)(Econ, 9/9/06, p.48)
1952
Qatar’s Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al Thani was born.
The population of Qatar at this time was under 40,000. In 1995 he
ousted his father in a bloodless coup.
(Econ, 6/7/08, p.61)
1971 Sep 3, Qatar declared
independence from Britain.
(www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-11034.html)
1971 Sheik Khalifa Bin Hamad
Al-Thani wrested power from his vacationing uncle. His family came from
the conservative Wahhabi sect of Islam.
(WSJ, 3/21/96, p.A-6)
1971 The world’s biggest known gas
field was discovered in Qatar. Faisal Al Suwaidi (b.1954), head of
Qatargas, later began construction of Ras Lafan gas plant to liquefy
the gas for export. The plant, the largest man-made structure in
centuries, was to be finished in 2010.
(Econ, 7/18/09, p.64)
1980 Arab nations in the Persian
Gulf set a minimum age of 15 for camel jockeys.
(WSJ, 10/3/05, p.A1)
1981 May 25, Sheik Zayed bin
Sultan Al Nahyan (1918-2004), United Arab Emirates President, urged in
5 other Arab monarchies (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia)
to form the Gulf Cooperation Council. The unified economic agreement
between the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council was signed on 11
November 1981 in Riyadh.
(Econ, 11/20/04,
p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council)
1982 Bahrain and Qatar had a
territorial dispute over a man-made island. The dispute was settled
when Saudi Arabia decreed that the island be dismantled.
(WSJ, 3/21/96, p.A-6)
1984 Qatar Liquefied Gas Co.
(Qatargas) was founded. Its 1st sales agreement was signed in 1992 and
exports began in 1997.
(Econ, 3/20/04, p.69)
1995 Jun, In Qatar Sheik Hamad Bin
Khalifa al-Thani (45) ousted his father, Sheik Khalifa Bin Hamad
al-Thani, as emir. Sheik Khalifa is suspected of having made off with
$4 billion in the form of unpaid personal loans. The new Emir soon
abolished the information ministry that controlled newspapers and
broadcasting. Sheik Hamad also gave women the right to vote and
introduced satellite television,
(WSJ, 3/21/96, p.A-1)(SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A21)(SFC,
6/19/00, p.A5)(WSJ, 10/24/02, p.A12)
1996 Nov, The independent Arab
Al-Jazeera TV news network began operating as the 1st all-news Arabic
satellite channel from Doha, Qatar. It was financed by Sheik Hamad bin
Khalifa al-Thani, emir of Qatar. In 2002 Mohammed El-Nawawy and Adel
Iskandar authored "Al-Jazeera: How the Free Arab News Network Scooped
the World and Changed the Middle East."
(SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A21)(SSFC, 5/19/02, p.M1)(SSFC,
8/18/02, p.D1)(WSJ, 4/30/04, p.A4)
1997 Jul 20, It was reported that
as many as 30% of Qatari women work. Some 6,000 graduated each year
from the Univ. of Qatar.
(SFEC, 7/20/97, p.A20)
1998 In Qatar Abdul-rahman Al
Nuaimi, a religious scholar, was arrested and imprisoned for 3 years
for opposing government modernization programs.
(WSJ, 10/24/02, p.A12)
1999 Jul, After 30 months on the
air Al Jazeera broadcasts reached 22 Arab countries free of censorship.
(SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A21)
1999 Nov 21, In Jordan King
Abdullah pardoned 25 Hamas members and expelled 4 of them to Qatar.
(SFC, 11/22/99, p.A13)
1999 Qatari women were allowed to
vote and stand as candidates for municipal councils for the 1st time.
(SFEC, 7/4/99, p.A21)(WSJ, 10/24/02, p.A12)
2000 Dec 31, Six Persian Gulf
nations (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab
Emirates) signed a regional defense pact.
(SFC, 1/1/01, p.A10)
2001 May 15, Fidel Castro arrived
in Syria from Qatar for a 2-day visit.
(SFC, 5/16/01, p.D14)
2001 Sep 23, The 6-member Persian
“Gulf Cooperation Council” (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
UAR) met in Jidda and pledged support for an int’l. coalition against
terrorism.
(SFC, 9/24/01, p.A7)
2001 Sep Yusuf Qaradawi (75), an
Egyptian Muslim scholar living in Qatar, took part in a conference in
Rome aimed at promoting Muslim-Christian dialogue.
(WSJ, 10/15/01, p.A19)
2001 Oct 7, The Al-Jazeera TV
network from Qatar showed video footage of Osama bin Laden praising
Allah for the Sep 11 terrorist attacks.
(SFC, 10/8/01, p.G1)
2001 Oct 11, The Pentagon
confirmed the 1st US death in Operation Freedom. Air Force Sgt. Evander
Earl Andrews was killed in a fork lift accident in Qatar.
(SFC, 10/12/01, p.A16)(SFC, 10/20/01, p.A8)
2001 Nov 9, A WTO meeting was
scheduled to start in Qatar. A Sep 27 blueprint called for concessions
from the US, EU and Japan in opening markets for textiles, steel and
agriculture.
(WSJ, 9/28/01, p.A12)
2001 Oct 20, It was reported that
Nat’l. Sec. Advisor, Condoleezza Rice, and Sec. of Defense, Donald
Rumsfeld, had made appearances in the past week on the Al Jazeera
network to repeat that the war on terrorism is not a war on Islam.
(SFC, 10/20/01, p.A10)
2001 Nov 7, Abdullah Mubarak
al-Hajiri was killed after he opened fire on US and Qatari troops
guarding the Al Adid air base.
(SFC, 11/8/01, p.A13)
2001 Nov 14, In Doha, Qatar, 142
nations agreed to launch a new round of world trade (WTO) talks in
negotiations that went 24 hours past the scheduled end. The centerpiece
of the round was freer trade in farm goods.
(WSJ, 11/15/01, p.A1)(Econ, 9/20/03, p.11)(Econ,
10/11/08, SR p.30)
2001 Dec 12, Ali-al-Marri, a
citizen of Qatar, was arrested in Peoria, Ill. He had reportedly
entered the USA legally with his wife and five children on 10 September
2001 to pursue post-graduate studies at Bradley Univ. 18 months later,
as he was on the verge of trial for credit card fraud and other
charges, Pres. Bush declared him an enemy combatant and moved him into
military detention. In 2008 the US Supreme Court agreed to decide
whether the president may order that people seized in the US be held
indefinitely and without criminal charges.
(www.informationclearinghouse.info/article21383.htm)(WSJ, 12/6/08, p.A1)
2002 Jun 9, Iraq and Qatar signed
a free-trade agreement to drop customs duties and ease the flow of
goods between the two Arab countries, further mending relations damaged
by the 1990-91 Gulf War.
(AP, 6/9/02)
2002 Jun 22, A bin Laden spokesman
said in audiotaped remarks from Qatar that Osama bin Laden and his No.
2 man are both alive and well and their al-Qaida network is ready to
attack new U.S. targets.
(AP, 6/23/02)(SSFC, 6/23/02, p.A22)
2002 Dec 21, In Qatar some Persian
Gulf leaders opened a summit by calling for regional unity and fast
inspections by U.N. experts searching for weapons of mass destruction
in Iraq.
(AP, 12/21/02)
2003 Mar 24, Al-Jazeera went live
with its English-based web site, for an alternative perspective from
Western media: http://english.aljazeera.net
(WSJ, 3/25/03, p.A12)
2003 Apr 28, The US moved an air
operation center from Saudi Arabia to Qatar.
(AP, 4/29/03)
2003 Apr 29, Qataris voted on
their first permanent constitution.
(AP, 4/29/03)
2003 Jun 5, Speaking to U.S.
soldiers in Qatar, President Bush argued the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq
was justified and pledged that "we'll reveal the truth" on Saddam
Hussein's weapons of mass destruction.
(AP, 6/5/04)
2003 Sep 10, The first video
image of Osama bin Laden in nearly two years was broadcast on
Al-Jazeera TV.
(AP, 9/10/08)
2004 Jan 10, A conference on
U.S.-Islamic relations began in Qatar. Washington's support for Israel
is at the root of differences between the United States and Islamic
nations.
(AP, 1/10/04)
2004 Jan 24, Qatar signed a $2.5
billion deal with Bechtel to begin construction of a new airport near
Doha.
(SFC, 1/27/04, p.B1)
2004 Feb 13, In Qatar Zelimkhan
Yandarbiyev (51), Chechnya's exiled former president, was assassinated
when a bomb blew apart his car as he left a mosque with his teenage son
(13). He was wanted by Russia for terrorism and ties to al-Qaida.
(AP, 2/13/04)
2004 Feb 26, Russian Foreign
Minister Igor Ivanov said that three Russian intelligence agents had
been arrested in Qatar on suspicion of involvement in the killing of
former Chechen President Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev. Ivanov said they were
innocent and demanded their release. On June 30 Qatar sentenced 2 of
the Russian agents to 25 years in jail.
(AP, 2/26/04)(WSJ, 7/1/04, p.A1)
2004 Feb 28, Qatar accused Russia
of detaining two of its nationals in Moscow, after two Russians were
charged with murdering a former rebel Chechen leader in Qatar.
(AP, 2/28/04)
2004 Dec 5, It was reported that
the Norwegian firm Hydro and Qatar's state energy company signed a deal
to build one of world's largest aluminium plants in the gas-rich Gulf
state at a cost of three billion dollars.
(AFP, 12/5/04)
2004 Qatar and the UAR raised the
minimum age for camel jockeys from 15 to 18.
(WSJ, 10/3/05, p.A1)
2004 Qatar offered the Swiss
robotics firm K-Team SA a $1.37 million contract to design a robot
jockey for camel racing. A 59-pound robot was set to premier in October
2005.
(WSJ, 10/3/05, p.A1)
2005 Jan 16, Qatar Gas Transport
planned the country’s largest share flotation. They recently unveiled a
large LNG project with Exxon.
(Econ, 1/8/05, p.54)
2005 Feb 15, It was reported that
major energy firms had committed $20 billion to build a new
gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant in Qatar to develop the huge natural gas
reserves there.
(WSJ, 2/15/05, p.A1)
2005 Feb 27, Qatar signed an
agreement with Royal Dutch/Shell to develop a liquefied natural gas
plant. Qatar Petroleum and Exxon Mobil launched their 12.8 billion
Qatar Gas II joint venture to export LNS to the United Kingdom.
(WSJ, 2/28/05, p.B2)
2005 Mar 19, In Qatar a suicide
car bomb attack on a Doha theater killed one Briton. The next day Qatar
blamed an Egyptian for the attack.
(AP, 3/20/05)
2005 May 11, Qatar's first hard
look at its own human rights shortcomings produced a catalogue of
abuses that include prolonged detentions, mistreatment of foreign
workers and the use of children as jockeys in camel races.
(AP, 5/11/05)
2005 Mar, Sheik Saud al-Thani
(38), a member of the royal family of Qatar, was arrested on
allegations of misappropriating state funds and buying art for himself
with money designated for Qatari museums. He was later released.
Auction sales in Islamic art soon plunged.
(WSJ, 7/29/05, p.W1)
2005 Jul 4, Al-Jazeera announced
plans to launch an international, a satellite channel by march, 2006,
that will beam English-language news to the US, and much of the rest of
the world, from its base in tiny Qatar.
(AP, 7/4/05)
2005 Sep 3, The Gulf emirate of
Qatar announced it will donate 100 million dollars to relief efforts
for the US victims of Hurricane Katrina. The funds included a $17.5
million grant to Xavier University in New Orleans, which serves mostly
black Americans.
(AFP, 9/3/05)(Econ, 9/9/06, p.48)
2005 Sep 15, Israel called for
wider meetings with Arab nations and said efforts were under way to
arrange summit talks with Qatar, a day after Qatar urged the Arab world
to open up to the Jewish state following its Gaza Strip withdrawal.
(AP, 9/15/05)
2006 Mar 10, Tamer Yusri Yassin,
who worked in Qatar and is considered the founder of a group of 14
people involved in terrorist attacks, was allegedly extradited to Egypt
from Qatar. The next day Qatar denied that Yassin was extradited.
Yassin was one of 14 people referred for trial by the public prosecutor
this week for involvement in two Cairo bombings on April 7 and April
30, 2005.
(AFP, 3/11/06)(Reuters, 3/11/06)
2006 Mar, Persian Gulf stock
markets suffered their 1st serious correction after years of 6-7%
annual gains. Stock market reversals in Abu Dhabi and Dubai in the UAR,
along with Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia triggered outrage among local
small investors.
(WSJ, 3/27/06, p.C1)
2006 Apr 17, Qatar said it would
give the Palestinian government $50 million in aid to help make up for
a shortfall after the US and the EU cut off funding.
(AP, 4/17/06)
2006 Apr 29, A Qatar newspaper
reported that Qatar has frozen bilateral free trade talks with the US,
saying Washington was imposing preconditions that were not in Doha's
interest.
(AP, 4/29/06)
2006 Jun 6, Qatar Petroleum and
South Africa’s Sasol unveiled a new plant in Qatar to transform natural
gas into a synthetic fuel similar to diesel by a process knows as
gas-to-liquids (GTL). Sasol was also building a GTL plant in Nigeria
with Chevron Texaco.
(Econ, 6/3/06, p.58)
2006 Jul 12, Acting on behalf of
Arab nations, Qatar circulated a revised draft UN Security Council
resolution demanding Israel end its offensive in the Gaza Strip and
release the Palestinian officials it has arrested.
(AP, 7/12/06)
2006 Sep 4, In Lebanon US civil
rights leader Rev. Jesse Jackson met with Hezbollah officials and
called on them to show proof that two captured Israeli soldiers are
still alive. A UN spokesman said Secretary-General Kofi Annan has
agreed to requests by Hezbollah and Israel that he mediate in
negotiations over the release of two abducted Israeli soldiers. Qatar
announced that it would contribute 200 to 300 troops to the UN
peacekeeping force in Lebanon, making the Persian Gulf state the first
Arab country to commit soldiers to the peace effort in Lebanon.
(AP, 9/4/06)
2006 Dec 1, The 15th Asian Games
exploded into life in Doha, Qatar, with the most spectacular opening
ceremony ever staged.
(www.dohaasiangames.org/)
2006 Dec 6, In Doha, Qatar, Midway
through day five of the Asian Games, China had 67 gold medals to
Japan's 18 and South Korea's 14. Kazakhstan, thanks to its shooters and
weightlifters, had 10.
(AFP, 12/6/06)
2006 Dec 8, The MAP news agency
said Qatar will invest 335 million dollars in tourist development
schemes in the northern Moroccan city of Tangiers.
(AFP, 12/8/06)
2006 Dec 10, The oil-rich Arab
states on the Persian Gulf said that they will consider starting a
joint nuclear program for peaceful purposes. The six-nation Gulf
Cooperation Council included Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab
Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman.
(AP, 12/10/06)
2006 Qatar citizens number about
150,000 of a total population of 750,000.
(Econ, 9/9/06, p.48)
2007 Feb 12, In Qatar Russia’s
Putin and Qatari Emir Sheik Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani announced they
would explore the creation of a natural gas cartel to represent the
interests of producer countries. Qatar sits atop the world's single
largest gas field.
(AP, 2/12/07)
2007 Apr 3, Qatar's PM Sheik
Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani resigned and the country's emir appointed
the foreign minister as replacement.
(AP, 4/3/07)
2007 May 1, Japan and Qatar
stressed their solid energy partnership and agreed to launch initial
negotiations on moves to stimulate Japanese investment in the Gulf
state.
(AP, 5/1/07)
2007 Jun 15, The Gulf state of
Qatar tightened its grip on J Sainsbury, Britain's third biggest
supermarket chain, by raising its stake to 25%, sparking speculation it
may launch a takeover.
(AP, 6/15/07)
2007 Jul 24, Five Bulgarian nurses
and a Palestinian doctor, sentenced to life in prison in Libya for
allegedly infecting children with HIV, came home to Bulgaria and were
greeted with tears and hugs, and a presidential pardon that allowed
them to walk free after 8 1/2 years behind bars. French President
Nicolas Sarkozy said Qatar mediated the release and hinted the Gulf
country may have had a broader role in resolving the crisis.
(AP, 7/24/07)
2007 Jul 28, Libya said the Czech
Republic, Qatar and Bulgaria contributed to an international fund to
support hundreds of children who contracted HIV at a Libyan hospital in
the 1990s. Libya also denounced a decision by Bulgaria's president to
pardon six medics from life jail terms in an AIDS case as a "betrayal"
and an "illegal procedure."
(Reuters, 7/28/07)(AFP, 7/28/07)
2007 Oct 7, Qatar's Diar real
estate investment company announced it has agreed to buy phase two of
the Grosvenor Waterside residential development in the upmarket London
district of Chelsea.
(AP, 10/7/07)
2007 Dec 3, In Qatar Iran’s
President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad reached out to Gulf Arab states,
proposing security and economic pacts free of "foreign influence" in
the first appearance by an Iranian leader before a summit of a key
group of Persian Gulf nations. The six-member Gulf Cooperation Council
(GCC) was formed shortly after the outbreak of the 1980 Iran-Iraq war,
partly to counter the spread of Iran's Islamic revolution.
(AP, 12/4/07)
2008 Mar 15, Qatar-based
investment company IAS International said it was undertaking a series
of development projects in Central African Republic worth 1.6 billion
dollars.
(AP, 3/15/08)
2008 Mar 15, In Qatar the
consecration of the Church of Our Lady of the Rosary was held. This
became Qatar’s first Roman Catholic church, ending decades of
clandestine worship for tens of thousands of foreign workers. The $15
million, 2,700-seat church was built on land donated by Qatar's emir,
Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani.
(AP, 3/14/08)(AP, 3/15/08)
2008 Apr 21,
The Ethiopian government announced it was severing diplomatic
relations with Qatar, accusing the Gulf Arab state of destabilizing the
Horn of Africa region.
(AFP, 4/21/08)
2008 May 13, In Qatar the 6th Doha
Interfaith Dialogue Conference opened. More than a dozen rabbis,
including two from Israel, were in attendance. This conservative Muslim
sheikdom recently opened the Doha International Centre for Interfaith
Dialogue, one of the Gulf's first scholarly centers dedicated to
interfaith dialogue.
(AP, 5/16/08)
2008 May 21, Lebanon's feuding
factions reached a breakthrough deal, following talks in Qatar, to end
the country's 18-month political stalemate. The deal gives the militant
Hezbollah group and its allies veto over any government decision.
(AP, 5/21/08)
2008 Sep 12,The Sudanese
government army and Janjaweed militias launched new attacks in a
mountainous area of south Darfur according to rebel claims made the
next day. UN boss Ban Ki-moon welcomed the establishment of an Arab
League panel led by Qatar that will work with the African Union and
United Nations to sponsor peace talks in Sudan's Darfur region.
(AFP, 9/12/08)(AFP, 9/13/08)
2008 Oct 10, In Qatar the Doha
Center for Media Freedom opened under the leadership of Robert Menard
of France. Menard had previously led the Paris-based Reporters Without
Borders.
(Econ, 5/16/09, p.52)(http://tinyurl.com/rxkzzh)
2008 Oct 21, Iran, Russia and
Qatar discussed the formation of an OPEC-style cartel among some of the
largest natural gas producing nations, a prospect that has unnerved
energy-importing nations in Europe and the United States.
(AP, 10/21/08)
2008 Oct 31, Middle East investors
will own up to one third of Barclays Plc after Abu Dhabi and Qatar
provided most of 7.3 billion pounds ($12.1 billion) raised by the bank
to repair damage from the global financial crisis and avoid taking UK
government rescue funds.
(Reuters, 10/31/08)
2008 Nov 9, Egyptian authorities
denied entry to one of Osama bin Laden's sons and put him on a plane to
Qatar, becoming the third country to reject the self-proclaimed
"ambassador for peace." Omar Osama bin Laden (27) and his British wife,
Zaina Alsabah (52), arrived at Cairo International Airport over the
weekend after he unsuccessfully tried to seek political asylum in Spain.
(AP, 11/9/08)
2008 Nov 22, Qatar unveiled its
new Museum of Islamic Art, designed by I.M. Pei.
(Econ, 11/22/08, p.95)
2008 Nov 29, In Qatar French
President Nicolas Sarkozy told Sudanese President Omar al-Beshir to
take action to end the conflict in Darfur.
(AFP, 11/29/08)
2008 Qatar and Sudan set up a
joint venture for investments in Sudan, which focused on developing
agricultural land.
(Econ, 5/23/09, p.62)
2009 Jan 16, Mauritania and Qatar
suspended contacts with Israel to protest the Gaza bloodshed at an Arab
summit that deepened the divisions between pro-US Arab nations and
their rivals in the Middle East.
(AP, 1/17/09)
2009 Mar 29, Sudan's Pres. Omar
al-Bashir, who is sought by an international court on charges of war
crimes in Darfur, received a warm welcome in Qatar, where he will
attend this week's Arab League summit.
(AP, 3/29/09)
2009 Mar 30, In Qatar Libyan
leader Moammar Gadhafi stormed out of an Arab summit after denouncing
the Saudi king and declaring himself "the dean of Arab rulers."
(AP, 3/30/09)
2009 Mar 31, In Qatar Venezuelan
President Hugo Chavez sought Arab support for a proposed oil-backed
currency to challenge the US dollar in his latest swipe at Washington's
dominance in global financial affairs.
(AP, 3/31/09)
2009 Apr 30, In Illinois Ali
al-Marri (43) pleaded guilty to one count of conspiring to provide
material support or resources to a foreign terrorist organization. A
second charge of providing material support or resources to a foreign
terrorist organization was dropped. His case had sparked a legal debate
over whether the government can hold terrorism suspects indefinitely.
The Qatar native faced up to 15 years in prison and a $250,000 fine at
his July 30 sentencing.
(AP, 5/1/09)
2009 May 15, Polish gas firm PGNiG
announced that it had signed a deal with the Qatari firm Qatargas for
the supply of one million tons of liquefied natural gas (LNG) per year.
(AP, 5/30/09)
2009 Jun 1, China's special envoy
to Darfur met with Sudan's President Omar al-Beshir and pledged three
million dollars in humanitarian aid for the volatile region. Liu Guijin
"greeted the president for the beginning of talks in Doha between the
JEM and the government."
(AFP, 6/2/09)
2009 Jun 7, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar
and Saudi Arabia signed an agreement paving the way for a monetary
union and plans for a unified regional currency.
(SFC, 6/8/09, p.C1)
2009 Jun 16, The US added six
African countries to a blacklist of countries trafficking in people,
and put US trading partner Malaysia back on the list. Chad, Eritrea,
Niger, Mauritania, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe were added to the list in
the annual report. Removed from the list were Qatar, Oman, Algeria, and
Moldova.
(AFP, 6/16/09)
2009 Jun 30, As many as 30 people
were feared dead after the MV Demas Victory capsized and quickly sank
in choppy Persian Gulf waters off the Qatari capital Doha. Five crew
members were rescued. The ship was carrying 9 crew, along with 24
employees of the charterer HBK Power Cleaning and two caterers working
for a company hired by HBK.
(AP, 7/2/09)
2009 Nov 13, A UN official said an
agreement has been reached for sweeping anti-corruption reviews on how
countries account for their public assets. The pact came after talks in
Qatar's capital, Doha, between the United Nations, World Bank and
watchdog groups.
(AP, 11/13/09)
2009 Nov 18, Qatar hosted what it
billed as the ceremonial launch of Darfur peace talks, but neither
Sudanese government nor rebel representatives took part.
(AFP, 11/18/09)
2009 Dec 15, In Kuwait Gulf Arab
nations put into force a monetary pact, moving a step closer toward the
elusive goal of a single regional currency and greater integration
between the mainly oil-rich states. The announcement was made by
Kuwait's finance minister came as leaders from the six-member Gulf
Cooperation Council nations were wrapping up a two-day summit in which
they launched a regional electricity project. The GCC groups Kuwait,
Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman and Bahrain.
(AP, 12/15/09)
2009 Yusuf al-Qaradawi (82), an
Egyptian scholar living in Qatar, authored “The Jurisprudence of Jihad.”
(Econ, 8/8/09, p.52)
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