Timeline Somaliland

Timeline Somaliland

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1895        Abdullah Hassan, the “Mad Mullah” of Somaliland, returned from a pilgrimage to Mecca with inspiration to defy the British in emulation of the Mahdi in Sudan.
    (Econ, 8/26/06, p.20)

1904        Jan 11, British troops massacred 1,000 dervishes in Somaliland.
    (HN, 1/11/99)

1908        Jan 9, Italians reported that Somaliland was under siege by the Abyssinians.
    (HN, 1/9/98)

1909        Abdullah Hassan, the “Mad Mullah” of Somaliland, waged jihad against local tribesmen who had accepted British rule. He slaughtered a third of the territory’s inhabitants.
    (Econ, 8/26/06, p.20)

1920        Britain ferried 6 RAF planes to East Africa and used them to bomb the fort of Abdullah Hassan, the “Mad Mullah” of Somaliland. The mullah escaped with 700 riflemen.
    (Econ, 8/26/06, p.20)

1940        Aug 11, Italian forces attacked Observation Hill in British Somaliland. Capt. Wilson and Somali gunners under his command beat off the attack and opened fire on the enemy troops attacking Mill Hill, another post within his range. The enemy finally overran the post at 5 p.m. on the 15th August when Capt. Wilson, fighting to the last, was reportedly killed. 2 months later he was awarded a Victoria Cross. In April 1941, however, Wilson was found alive in a prisoner of war camp in Eritrea. Wilson died at age 96 on Dec 23, 2008.
    (AP, 12/30/08)

1960        Jun 26, British Somaliland became independent and five days later was united with Italian Somaliland as the Somali Republic.
    (SFC, 4/10/96, A-5)

1960        Jun 27, British Somaliland became part of Somalia.
    (SC, 6/27/02)

1967        Jul, Mohamed Ibrahim Egal (d.2002) served as the prime minister until 1969.
    (SFC, 5/4/02, p.A21)

1969        Oct 21, In Somalia Marxist dictator Maj. Gen. Mohamed Siad Barre (1919-1995) staged a coup and threw PM Mohamed Ibrahim Egal in jail, where he spent 12 years.
    (SFC, 8/16/96, p.A18)(SFEC, 8/31/97, Par p.16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siad_Barre)

1981        Northern Somali rebelled against dictator Mohammed Siad Barre. A national civil war followed. During the civil was an estimated 40,000 people were killed and about 400,000 refugees fled to Ethiopia.
    (SFC, 4/10/96, A-5)

1938        Dec 28, France ordered the doubling of forces in Somaliland; two warships were sent.
    (Historynet, 12/28/98)

1988        Hargeysa, the capital, was shelled for 2 months. Some 2,000 people were later believed killed and buried in mass graves.
    (SFC, 7/11/98, p.A12)

1989-1991    A civil war was fought with the regime of Somali Pres. Mohamed Siad Barre.
    (SFC, 4/15/98, p.C2)

1991        Jan, Dictator Siad Barre was ousted. Power fractured into some 27 warring sides and Ali Mahdi Mohamed declared himself president.
    (SFEC, 8/31/97, Par p.16,17)(SFC,11/18/97, p.B2)

1991        The northeast corner of the country declared itself the independent Republic of Somaliland under former Pres. Mohamed Ibrahim Egal.
    (SFC, 4/10/96, A-5)(SFEC,11/23/97, p.A25)(SFC, 5/4/02, p.A21)

1993        May, Clan leaders chose Mohamed Ibrahim Egal as President.
    (SFC, 8/16/96, p.A18)(SFC, 5/4/02, p.A21)

1996        Apr, Pres. Mohhamed Ibrahim Egal is the leader of the Pennsylvania size region of Somalia. The five year old state flag, army, police and currency but does not have international recognition.
    (SFC, 4/10/96, A-5)

1997        Jan 25, It was reported that many wells and bore holes had dried up and that cattle and goats were dying in large numbers.
    (SFC, 1/25/97, p.A18)

1997        Feb 24, Mohammed Ibrahim Egal was re-elected by clan leaders as president.
    (SFC, 2/25/96, p.a14)

1997        Dec, In Hargeysa a mass grave with some 200 bodies was excavated
    (SFC, 7/11/98, p.A12)

1997        Clan warfare ended.
    (SFC, 4/15/98, p.C2)

1998        Feb 6, Saudi Arabia imposed a ban on livestock imported from Somaliland, allegedly due to the threat of Rift Valley Fever.
    (SFC, 4/15/98, p.C2)

1998        Apr, Authorities in Hargeysa established a war crimes committee to investigate the Barre-era human rights violations.
    (SFC, 7/11/98, p.A12)

2002        May 3, Pres. Mohammed Ibrahim Egal (73) died. VP Dahir Riyale Kahin became acting president.
    (SFC, 5/4/02, p.A21)

2003        Apr 14, In Somaliland elections incumbent Dahir Riyaleh Kahin was re-elected president of the breakaway republic by 80 votes. The opposition candidate said he would not accept the results.
    (AP, 4/20/03)

2003        Oct 21, Two British teachers working for an aid agency in Somaliland were found dead after being shot at their apartment at the school.
    (AP, 10/21/03)

2005        Sep 23, Police in the breakaway republic of Somaliland raided houses in the capital, Hargeisa, where al-Qaida militants were believed holed up and captured four suspects after a shootout. A fifth suspect was arrested 20 miles away. Pres. Dahir Riyale Kahnin said the men were mostly locals trained at a camp outside Mogadishu, Somalia.
    (AP, 9/23/05)(Econ, 10/1/05, p.43)

2005        Sep 29, Residents of the breakaway Somaliland voted in the 1st multiparty parliamentary elections since the region separated from Somalia more than a decade ago.
    (AP, 9/29/05)

2005        Somaliland’s population was about 2.5 million at this time.
    (Econ, 10/1/05, p.43)

2007        Jul, The Sanaag region of Somaliland, a former sultanate, declared independence and renamed itself Makhir with Badhan as its capital.
    (Econ, 10/6/07, p.56)

2007        Oct 1, Fighting broke out between Somaliland and Puntland in the disputed Sool region and at least 10 people were killed in a battle for control of Las Anod.
    (Econ, 10/6/07, p.56)

2007        Oct 15, Fresh fighting in northern Somalia left several combatants dead in an escalating boundary dispute between the breakaway regions of Somaliland and Puntland.
    (AFP, 10/15/07)

2008        Oct 29, In northern Somalia 5 suicide car bombs attacks killed 28 people in Hargeisa, the capital of Somaliland, and in Bosasso, Puntland. Somali authorities arrested Cleric Sheik Mohamed Ismail in connection with the attacks. One of the suicide bombers was an American of Somali origin.
    (AP, 10/30/08)(SFC, 10/30/08, p.A4)(Econ, 5/23/09, p.48)

2009        Nov 1, Somaliland defense minister Saleban Warsame Guled said a roadside bomb in the country's semiautonomous northern region has killed two people, including Osman Yusuf, an infantry division commander.
    (AP, 11/1/09)

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