Timeline Tanzania
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Tanzania is 364,000 sq. miles, the largest
country
in East Africa. The population was 29 million in 1998 with 45%
Christian
and 35% Muslim. English and Swahili were the official languages with
many
local languages.
(SFC, 8/8/98, p.A12)
Zanzibar is a limestone island 60 miles long and 20 miles wide,
about 40 miles by boat from Dar es Salaam. The name comes from Arabic
roots,
Zinj el Barr, meaning Black Coast or land of the black people. Locals
call
it Unguja. A 2nd island is called Pemba.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C12)
1503 Zanzibar
became a Portuguese colony.
(TL-MB, p.8)
1698-1701 The Portuguese built the Old Fort in Stone
Town on Zanzibar to defend against the sultan of Oman.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)
1700-1800s Over 100,000 slaves from Tanzania, Kenya,
Rwanda, Burundi, Malawi and Uganda were shipped into slavery through
Zanzibar to the Middle East and India.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T7)
1840 Zanzibar became the capital
of Oman and the sultan ruled from Stone Town.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)
1858 Feb, British explorers Sir
Richard Burton and John Speke (1827-1864) explored Lake Tanganyika,
Africa.
(www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/speke_john_hanning.shtml)
1863 Feb 15, Samuel and Florence
Baker encountered John Speke and James Grant at the frontier village of
Gondokoro (southern Sudan). Speke and Grant said they had found the
Nile’s headwaters at a lake they named Victoria (Kenya, Tanzania,
Uganda).
(ON, 10/01, p.9)
1864 Missionaries settled in
Zanzibar following a call by David Livingstone for volunteers to fight
the slave trade and help spread Christianity across Africa.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C13)
1870-1888 The Omani Sultan Barghash ruled in Zanzibar.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T7)
1871 Nov 10, Journalist-explorer
Henry M. Stanley found missing Scottish missionary David Livingstone in
Central Africa at Ujiji near Unyanyembe on Lake Tanganyika. Stanley
delivered his famous greeting: "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
Livingstone replied: "Yes, and I feel thankful that I am here to
welcome you." The two explored Lake Tanganyika, but did not find the
source of the Nile. When Stanley left on March 14, 1872, he begged the
doctor to return to England with him, but Livingstone refused. He died
in May 1873. Stanley returned to Africa a year later, the first of many
subsequent African explorations.
(HFA, '96, p.42)(AP, 11/10/97)(HN, 11/10/98)(HNQ,
6/2/98)(HNPD, 11/10/98)
1873 May 1, David Livingstone
(60), British physician, explorer (Africa), died in Chitambo, Zambia.
His body passed through Zanzibar for a funeral in London in Apr 18,
1874.
(MC, 5/1/02)(SSFC, 7/13/03, p.C9)
1873 Jun 5, Sultan Bargash closed
the slave market of Zanzibar. Missionaries bought the site and began
building an Anglican cathedral.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C13)(MC, 6/5/02)
1882 In Zanzibar the Maruhubi
Palace was built for the Omani Sultan Barghash. It burned down in 1899.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T7)
1883 In Zanzibar the
Beit-el-Ajaib, House of Wonders, was built in Stone Town by an Omani
sultan.
(SFEC, 4/23/00, p.T6)
1887-1891 German colonial administrators made
Bagamoyo, Tanzania, their capital.
(SSFC, 7/13/03, p.C9)
1896 A renegade cousin of the
deceased sultan attempted to wrest power from British colonialist and
the Zanzibar House of Wonders was bombed by the British.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C13)
1901 Feb 23, Britain and Germany
agreed on a boundary between German East Africa [later Tanganyika,
Rwanda and Burundi] and Nyasaland [later Malawi].
(HN, 2/23/98)(WUD, 1994, p.593,990)
1904 Market Hall was built in
Zanzibar City.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C12)
1907 The British forced the
abolition of slavery on the new Sultan of Zanzibar.
(SSFC, 4/15/01, p.T7)
1911 The British took over the
Zanzibar House of Wonders for government offices.
(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C13)
1913 The German Tendaguru
expedition to East Africa (later Tanzania) yielded a huge collection of
dinosaur bones from the late Jurassic. The collection was taken to the
Berlin Museum of Natural History.
(WSJ, 1/31/03, p.A1)
1946-1961 The Tanganyika Territory was a British
trusteeship.
(WUD, 1994, p.1452)
1960 Archbishop Trevor Huddleston
(d.1998 at 84) was made Bishop of Masasi, Tanzania, and spent 8 years
there.
(SFC, 4/21/98, p.A26)
1960 The state hospital at Dar es
Salaam, Tanzania, was built.
(Econ, 1/3/04, p.34)
1960 Jane Goodall began her study
of chimpanzees in the Gombe reserve of Tanzania.
(SFEC, 12/15/96, zone 1 p.3)
1961 The British Trust Territory
of Tanganyika became independent. It became the mainland part of
Tanzania. The first president was socialist Julius Nyerere. He resigned
in 1985.
(WUD, 1994, p.1452)(SFC, 8/8/98, p.A12)(SFC,
10/15/99, p.D7)
1961-1985 Pres. Julius Nyerere bankrupted Tanzania by
forcing peasants into collectives. During his rule he declared water to
be free, which led to it being squandered.
(Econ, 4/16/05, p.40)(Econ, 11/11/06, p.67)
1963 Jun 24, Zanzibar was granted
internal self-government by Britain.
(MC, 6/24/02)
1964 Jan 12, Leftist rebels in
Zanzibar, soon joined with Tanganyika to form Tanzania, began their
successful revolt against the government. The socialist uprising
unseated Sultan Jamshid and was fatal to thousands of Indian and
Arabian gentry.
(AP, 1/12/98)(SSFC, 6/9/02, p.C12)
1964 Feb 23, The U.S. and Britain
recognized the new Zanzibar government.
(HN, 2/23/98)
1964 Apr 22, The islands of
Zanzibar and Pemba joined the former British colony of Tanganyika to
form the republic of Tanzania. Zanzibar consists of the Pemba and
Unguja islands. It has its own president and legislation but also votes
in the Tanzanian presidential and National Assembly elections.
(WSJ, 12/13/96, p.A1)(WUD, 1994, p.1453)(SFC,
11/7/00, p.B2)(MC, 4/22/02)
1965 Feb 26, West Germany ceased
military aid to Tanzania.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1967 Sep, The government
delegations of China, Tanzania and Zambia held talks in Beijing and
formally signed the "Agreement of the Government of the People's
Republic of China, the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania
and the Government of the Republic of Zambia on the Construction of the
Tanzania-Zambia Railway".
(www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/ziliao/3602/3604/t18009.htm)
1967 An Indian geologist
identified a local gemstone from the Mererani region near Mount
Kilimanjaro as a rare form of the mineral zoisite. He determined that
it turned blue at 400 degrees F. Tiffany & Co. named it “tanzanite.”
(WSJ, 11/16/01, p.A1)
1967-1977 The East African Community of Kenya,
Tanzania and Uganda established a common shilling that lasted only a
decade as cooperation fizzled.
(WSJ, 1/13/98, p.A1)
1968 The nation’s founder, Mr.
Nyerere coined the economic policy called ujamaa, a Swahili word for
togetherness or family. He fused the country’s 120 tribes into a
cohesive state.
(WSJ, 12/10/96, p.A6)
1970 Oct, China began construction
of the 1,160 mile Tazara Railway between Lusaka, Zambia and the
Tanzanian port of Dar es Salaam. China brought in its own workers for
the project, which in 1976 finished ahead of schedule.
(www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/ziliao/3602/3604/t18009.htm)(Econ, 10/28/06, p.54)
1972 The president of Zanzibar was
assassinated.
(Econ, 12/13/03, p.43)
1976 Jul, China completed the
construction of a railway between Tanzania and Zambia.
(Econ, 2/7/04,
p.45)(www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/ziliao/3602/3604/t18009.htm)
1978 Oct 30, Uganda troops
attacked Tanzania. Uganda under Idi Amin went on to annex a
700-square-mile section of Tanzania. Pres. Nyerere sent Tanzanian
soldiers and Ugandan exile volunteers to push back Amin's forces. [see
Nov 1]
(SFC, 10/15/99, p.D7)(MC, 10/30/01)
1978 Nov 1, Uganda invaded
Tanzania. [see Oct 30]
(WUD, 1994, p.1691)
1979 Apr 11, Idi Amin was deposed
as president of Uganda as rebels and exiles backed by Tanzanian forces
seized control of Kampala. Amin escaped to Libya and settled into exile
in Saudi Arabia.
(AP, 4/11/97)(SFC, 10/15/99,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idi_Amin)
1979 Two new varieties of cassava
root were introduced. They were more resistant to draught and more
poisonous in raw form.
(NH, 7/96, p.13)
1985 In Tanzania Mr. Nyerere
retired and left his chosen successor, Hassan Mwinyi, winner of a one
party election, to open the economy. Mwinyi ruled to 1995.
(WSJ, 12/10/96, p.A6)(Econ, 9/1/07, p.44)
1991 Nov 24, Freddie Mercury (45),
Zanzibar-born rock singer, died in London of pneumonia brought on by
AIDS. Mercury and the rock group Queen made the 1975 hit "Bohemian
Rhapsody."
(AP, 11/24/01)(SSFC, 11/10/02, p.A2)
1993 The government invited Ocelot
and TransCanada Pipelines to transport natural gas from the Indian
Ocean island of Songo Songo. It was to be completed in 1998.
(WSJ, 12/10/96, p.A6)
1993 Aug 4, Rwandan Hutu's and
Tutsi's negotiated power-sharing agreement in Arusha, Tanzania. It was
viewed as a sellout by extremist leaders of the Hutu majority.
(WSJ, 11/15/96, p.A16)(MC, 8/4/02)
1993 In a privatization drive part
of the government stake in Safari beer was sold to a South African
company.
(WSJ, 12/10/96, p.A1)
1993 Monique A. Maddy (31)
launched her African Communications Group. The plan was to establish a
voice-mail only communications system using wireless hardware. By 1998
the operation grew to 1,000 wireless phones and 55 employees with plans
for expansion to Ghana and Sri Lanka.
(WSJ, 9/25/98, p.B1)
1994 Apr 6, The presidents of
Rwanda and Burundi were killed on a return trip from Tanzania in a
mysterious plane crash near Kigali, Rwanda; widespread violence erupted
in Rwanda over claims the plane had been shot down: Agatha
Uwilingiyimana, Rwanda’s and Africa’s 1st female PM, Cyprian Niayamira
(Ntaryamira), president of Burundi (1993-94) and Juvenal Habyarimana,
president of Rwanda (1973) were killed. In Rwanda the Interhamwe, an
extremist organization, and the Rwandan armed forces, FAR, launched a
massacre of Tutsis and sympathizers that killed some 800,000. [see Aug
1, 1997] A French report in 2004 concluded that Paul Kagame, Tutsi
rebel leader, was behind the crash.
(WSJ, 11/15/96, p.A16)(SFC, 2/21/97, p.A26)(AP,
4/6/99)(SFC, 2/11/04, p.A8)
1994 Apr 29, Hundreds of thousands
of refugees fleeing the terror of ethnic massacres in Rwanda were
pouring into Tanzania.
(AP, Internet, 4/29/99)
1994 Jul 18, In Rwanda the Tutsi
rebel movement (RPF) under Tutsi rebel leader Paul Kagame took power.
It promised to rebuild the courts and execute the guilty for the
slaughter of an estimated 500-800 thousand Tutsis. Two million
refugees, mostly Hutus, fled to refugee camps in Zaire and Tanzania.
Kagame studied at the US Army Command and General Staff College at Fort
Leavenworth in 1990. In 2005 Jean Hatzfeld, French journalist, authored
“Machete Season: The Killers in Rwanda Speak.”
(SFC, 417/96, p.A-9)(SFC, 8/9/96, p.A10)(SFC,
10/22/96, p.B1)(WSJ, 11/15/96, p.A16)(AP, 7/18/99)(SSFC, 6/26/05, p.C3)
1995 Mar 30, Tens of thousands of
Rwandan refugees, fleeing violence in Burundi, began a two-day trek to
sanctuary in Tanzania.
(AP, 3/30/00)
1995 Nov, In Tanzania Pres.
Benjamin William Mkapa took office after being elected president for 5
years in the country’s first multiparty vote. Mkapa ruled to 2005.
(WSJ, 12/10/96, p.A1)(SFC, 8/8/98, p.A12)(Econ,
9/1/07, p.44)
1995 The ruling party faced its
first big challenge in 30 years.
(WSJ, 10/30/95, p.A-1)
1995 Opposition Civic United Front
(CUF) supporters believed that the ruling Party of the Revolution (CCM)
stole the 1995 elections in Zanzibar.
(Econ, 11/5/05, p.51)
1996 Jan 25, 12,000 Rwandan
refugees fleeing army attacks in Burundi allowed to enter.
(WSJ, 1/25/96, A-1)
1996 May 21, A Tanzanian
ferry sank on Lake Victoria and more than 500 passengers, many of whom
were students, were killed. Pres. Mkapa called the sinking a national
disaster. The ferry, MV Bukoba with capacity for 441, was traveling
from Bukoba to Mwanza. 563 of the 663 aboard were presumed dead.
(WSJ, 5/22/96, p.A-1)(SFC, 5/22/96, p.A8)(WSJ,
5/23/96, p.A-1)
1996 Aug, After the Burundi coup
of Jul 25, former Tanzanian Pres. Julius Nyerere led East African
leaders to impose sanctions on Burundi and force Buyoya to restore
democratic rule.
(SFC, 9/25/96, p.A9)
1996 Dec 14, Rwandan refugees, who
previously refused to return home, began re-entering Rwanda after 2 1/2
years in Tanzania.
(AP, 12/14/02)
1997 Jan, It was reported that the
lion population had fallen by about a third in the Serengeti National
park due to distemper in dogs that transmitted up the food chain. More
than 1,000 lions had died over the last 2 years.
(SFC, 1/18/96, p.A16)
1997 Mar 22, In Tanzania the worst
drought in 40 years was reported.
(SFC, 3/22/97, p.A4)
1998 Apr 13, It was reported that
at least 90 miners were feared dead after heavy rains the previous week
caused 14 pits to collapse near Arusha. They were mining for tanzanite,
a gem used in jewelry.
(WSJ, 4/13/98, p.A1)
1998 May 15, Three African
nations, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, announced plans for an economic,
political and social union.
(SFC, 5/16/98, p.A11)
1998 Jun 27, It was reported that
some 22,000 Indian house crows had been trapped and killed over the
past year. They were introduced into East Africa in the late 19th
century and had become a significant pest.
(SFC, 6/27/98, p.A7)
1998 Aug 7, Two powerful bombs
exploded at the US embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania. At least 147 [244-247] people were killed and over 4,800 were
injured. 11 [12] of the dead were Americans. In Nairobi at least 53
buildings were damaged. The adjacent Ufundi Cooperative House was
demolished and the 22-story Cooperative Bank House had all its windows
shattered. Haroun Fazil of the Comoros Islands was later the 3rd
bombing suspect to be charged in the Kenya bombing. Ali Mohamed, a
former US Army sergeant, was involved in the US Embassy bombings. In
2000 he pleaded guilty for his role under the direction of Osama bin
Laden. In 2001 Mohamed Rashed Daoud Al-‘Owhali (24) of Saudi Arabia,
Khalfan Khamis Mohamed (27) of Tanzania, Wadi El-Hage (40) of Texas,
and Mohamed Sadeek Odeh (36) of Jordan were convicted on 302 counts. In
2007 Walid Muhammad bin Attash told a military tribunal at Guantanamo
that he was responsible for organizing the 2000 Cole attack in Yemen as
well as the 1998 bombings in Kenya and Tanzania.
(SFC, 8/8/98, p.A1)(SFEC, 8/9/98, p.A1)(WSJ,
9/18/98, p.A1)(AP, 8/7/99)(SFC, 10/21/00, p.A1)(SFC, 5/30/01,
p.A13)(SFC, 9/21/01, p.A1)(SFC, 3/20/07, p.A3)
1998 Aug 8, A group called the
Liberation Arm of the Islamic Sanctuaries claimed responsibility and
threatened more attacks. Israeli troops began to arrive to assist in
rescue efforts.
(SFC, 8/8/98, p.A1)(SFEC, 8/9/98, p.A1)(SFC,
8/10/98, p.A13)
1998 Aug 8, Pres. Clinton in
weekly radio address vowed the bombers of 2 US embassies in Africa
would be brought to justice, "no matter how long it takes or where it
takes us.''
(AP, 8/8/99)
1998 Aug 9, Americans, Kenyans and
Tanzanians held church and memorial services to mourn those killed in
bombing attacks on two U.S. embassies.
(AP, 8/9/99)
1998 Sep 21, In Dar es Salaam
Mustafa Mahmoud Said Ahmen of Egypt and Rashid Saleh Hemed of Tanzania
were charged with murder in connection with the bombing of the US
Embassy.
(SFC, 9/22/98, p.A6)
1998 Sep 23, Transparency Int’l,
an int’l. good-government advocacy group, said that Cameroon is viewed
as the most corrupt of the 85 countries rated. Nigeria, Tanzania,
Honduras and Paraguay filled out the bottom five. Denmark, Finland and
Sweden were seen as having the cleanest political systems.
(WSJ, 9/23/98, p.B17)
1998 Oct 24, A shipment of 10,000
books bound for Tanzania and Zanzibar left SF. The shipment was based
on a donation by Berkeley Prof. Ed Ferguson with help from the Int’l.
Longshore and Warehouse Union.
(SFC, 10/23/98, p.A23)
1998 Nov 11, It was reported that
Pfizer and the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation initiated a $66 million
effort to attack trachoma, a disease of the eye caused by chlamydia. A
one-gram dose of zithromax given once a year would treat the disease.
Focus was to be on Ghana, Mali, Morocco, Tanzania and Vietnam.
(SFC, 11/11/98, p.D6)
1998 Dec 16, Federal prosecutors
in NYC charged 5 men in the Aug 7 bombing of the American Embassy in
Tanzania. Mustafa Mohamed Fadhil of Egypt, Khalfan Khamis Mohamed and
Ahmed Khalfan Ghailani of Tanzania, and Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam and
Sheik Ahmed Salim Swedan of Kenya. A 6th man, “Ahmed the German,”
detonated the explosive device and was killed.
(SFC, 12/17/98, p.C2)
1998 Rick Ridgeway authored “The
Shadow of Kilimanjaro,” an account of his trek from the top of the
mountain, through the Tsavo national park and to the shores of the
Indian Ocean.
(SFEC, 10/11/98, p.T8)
1999 Jan 19, In Burundi rebels
based in Tanzania killed 59 civilians in Makamba. In Muresi Hill 76
civilians were killed.
(SFC, 1/29/99, p.E9)
1999 Mar 30, Tanzania arrested a
former Rwanda army officer suspected in the killing of 10 Belgian
peacekeepers in 1994. The officer was freed Mar 29 by a UN war crimes
tribunal.
(WSJ, 3/31/99, p.A1)
1999 Sep 1, In Tanzania a charter
plane carrying 10 American tourists from Serengeti National Park
crashed on Mount Meru. 12 people were confirmed dead.
(SFC, 9/2/99, p.A15)(WSJ, 9/3/99, p.A1)
1999 Oct 14, Former Pres. Julius
Nyerere (77) died in London from a massive stroke. He was called
Mwalimu, the Swahili word for teacher.
(SFC, 10/14/99, p.A14)(SFC, 10/15/99, p.D7)
1999 Nov 22, In Tanzania it was
reported that some 500 people per day were fleeing into the country
from Burundi as fighting in Burundi intensified.
(SFC, 11/23/99, p.A16)
1999 Dec 6, In Tanzania a UN court
convicted Georges Rutaganda on 3 of 8 charges of genocide against
Tutsis committed when he was vice president of the Interhamwe death
squads in Rwanda in 1994.
(SFC, 12/7/99, p.B2)
2000 Feb 21, In Tanzania African
presidents and European ministers appealed to Burundi's leaders to
negotiate a swift end to the civil war.
(SFC, 2/22/00, p.A9)
2000 Oct 5, In Tanzania 18 people
died and 39 were injured as a bus swerved to avoid a presidential
motorcade and hit a crowd of people.
(WSJ, 10/6/00, p.A1)
2000 Oct 29, In Tanzania elections
were held. The leader of Zanzibar charged that ballots were kept from
opposition strongholds. Police later fired on protesters and officials
agreed to rerun voting in 16 of 50 districts.
(WSJ, 10/30/00, p.A1)(WSJ, 10/31/00, p.A1)
2000 Nov 6, In Zanzibar the ruling
Chama Cha Mapinduzi won 34 of the 50 seats in the House of
Representatives. The opposition Civic United Front took the remaining
16 seats.
(SFC, 11/7/00, p.B2)
2000 Nov 8, In Tanzania the
National Electoral Commission announced that Pres. Benjamin Mkapa had
won the Oct 29 multi-party elections with 71.7% of the vote. In
Zanzibar Amani Karume was declared president.
(SFC, 11/9/00, p.C5)(WSJ, 11/8/00, p.A1)
2000 Nov 22, In Tanzania the state
power company, Tanesco, announced rationing measures with power cuts
8-16 hours per day until March. $61 million in bills were unpaid,
mostly from government offices.
(SFC, 11/23/00, p.D6)
2001 Jan 3, In Tanzania 6 armed
men attacked a ferry with 50 passengers in Lake Tanganyika and 3 were
shot to death including a 3-year-old girl. Male passengers were ordered
to jump into the lake and 5 bodies were later recovered. 20 were feared
drowned. 5 gunmen were later arrested
(SFC, 1/8/01, p.A10)(SFC, 1/9/01, p.A15)
2001 Jan 15, In East Africa the
presidents of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda formed a regional partnership,
reviving one that collapsed in 1978.
(SFC, 1/16/01, p.A10)
2001 Jan 28, Weekend clashes in
Zanzibar (Tanzania) killed 39 opposition supporters as protesters
demanded new elections.
(WSJ, 1/29/01, p.A1)(Econ, 12/13/03, p.43)
2001 Jan 29, Tanzanian police
regained control in Zanzibar following weekend street battles that left
40 people dead.
(WSJ, 1/30/01, p.A1)
2001 Jun 15, The US cancelled $16
million of Tanzania’s debt and committed to canceling the remaining $10
million by the end of the year.
(SFC, 6/16/01, p.A7)
2002 Jun 20, In northern Tanzania
more than 30 people may have suffocated deep inside a tanzanite mine in
northern Tanzania after an oxygen pump failed.
(AP, 6/20/02)
2002 Jun 24, In central Tanzania a
passenger train rolled backward into an oncoming freight train, killing
at least 288 people.
(AP, 6/24/02)(AP, 6/25/02)(AP, 6/28/03)
2002 Jul 5, The United States has
forgiven all of the remaining $21.3 million in debt owed by the
Tanzanian government, the U.S embassy said.
(AP, 7/5/02)
2002 Nov 17, In the Mbeya region
of southwestern Tanzania at least 19 prisoners died from suffocation in
an overcrowded jail cell.
(AP, 11/19/02)
2003 Mar 3, In Tanzania a
new U.S. Embassy opened in Dar Es Salaam, replacing the one destroyed 4
½ years ago when terrorists launched attacks.
(AP, 3/4/03)
2003 Jul 7, In northwestern
Tanzania a bus rolled several times after one of its front tires burst,
killing at least 19 people and injuring 23 others.
(AP, 7/8/03)
2003 Nov 5, Two buses collided in
northern Tanzania, killing at least 25 people.
(AP, 11/5/03)
2004 Jan 3, In Tanzania life
expectancy was 43 years and the infant mortality rate was one of the
highest in the world.
(Econ, 1/3/04, p.34)
2004 Jul 15, In Tanzania the
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) sentenced former
finance minister Emmanuel Ndindabahizi to life imprisonment for his
role in the east African country's 1994 genocide.
(AP, 7/15/04)
2004 Jul 25, Pakistan arrested
Ahmed Khalfan Ghailani, a Tanzanian al-Qaida suspect, wanted by the
United States in the 1998 bombings at U.S. embassies in Kenya and
Tanzania.
(AP, 7/29/04)
2004 Jul, In Tanzania over 10,000
flamingos died at the Lake Manyara National Park. Officials were
puzzled and no other wildlife appeared affected.
(SFC, 7/24/04, p.B10)
2004 Aug 4, In southern Tanzania
some 22 villagers appeared in court on charges of killing 7 people who
allegedly practiced witchcraft. Villagers said the witches cut off the
sexual organs of dead villagers and used them to concoct charms
intended to bring good harvests and fortune.
(AP, 8/5/04)
2004 Nov 20, Fifteen African
presidents and UN chief Kofi Annan signed a common declaration in Dar
es Salaam, Tanzania, to promote peace and security in the Great Lakes
region.
(AFP, 11/20/04)
2004 Some 50,000 Barabaig, a
remnant of the Datoga people, lived in central Tanzania. They were
semi-nomadic herders by tradition, but since 1961 the government had
appropriated much of their traditional grazing land for agricultural
development.
(NG, 7/04, p.80)
2005 Apr 27, A UN tribunal in
Tanzania sentenced Mika Muhimana, a former local government official in
western Rwanda, to imprisonment for the rest of his life for shooting
to death and raping mostly Tutsi victims during the 1994 genocide.
(AP, 4/28/05)
2005 May 20, British scientists
reported the discovery of a new species of monkey in Tanzania, the
Lophocebus kipunji.
(SFC, 5/21/05, p.A1)
2005 Oct 16, In Tanzania 4 British
tourists and a Canadian pilot who were killed in a weekend plane crash
in the western part of the country.
(AFP, 10/18/05)
2005 Oct 30, Zanzibar police and
ruling party militia chased opposition supporters through the streets
as voters chose between the socialists who have ruled semiautonomous
state for more than 30 years and an opposition group promising
wholesale change. Voting in national and regional elections on mainland
Tanzania was postponed to Dec. 18 because of a vice presidential
candidate's death. Official results named incumbent Amani Karume of the
ruling Party of the Revolution (CCM) the winner with 53% of the vote.
(AP, 10/30/05)(Econ, 11/5/05, p.51)
2005 Nov 1, Police surrounded
opposition headquarters and clashed with protesters on the
semiautonomous archipelago of Zanzibar (Tanzania) as the ruling party
was declared the winner of presidential and parliamentary elections. 9
people died in related violence and the opposition made allegations of
rigging.
(AP, 11/1/05)(WSJ, 11/2/05, p.A1)
2005 Nov 8, Callixte Kalimanzira
(52), a suspected leader of Rwanda's 1994 genocide, surrendered in
Tanzania to the international court trying the architects of the
slaughter.
(AP, 11/8/05)
2005 Nov 14, In Tanzania Calixte
Kalimanzira, a man who served as Rwanda's interior minister during the
slaughter of more than half a million people in 1994, pleaded not
guilty to three counts of genocide and crimes against humanity.
(AP, 11/14/05)
2005 Dec 7, A UN court in Tanzania
trying masterminds of Rwanda's genocide convicted Paul Bisengimana,
former mayor of Gikoro, for abetting the 1994 slaughter, but dropped
three counts including genocide.
(AP, 12/07/05)
2005 Dec 13, A UN tribunal
convicted former Lt. Col. Aloys Simba, a retired Rwandan army officer,
of genocide and sentenced him to 25 years in prison for participating
in the slaughter of ethnic minority Tutsi.
(AP, 12/13/05)
2005 Dec 14, Tanzania voted for
president and Parliament. Jakaya Kikwete took 80% of the vote. The
ruling party of the Revolution (CCM) won 206 of 232 parliamentary seats.
(WSJ, 12/15/05, p.A1)(Econ, 1/7/06, p.50)
2005 Dec 18, In Tanzania the
national election commission said Jakaya Kikwete, candidate for the
ruling Revolutionary Party, won the presidential election with 80% of
the vote.
(AP, 12/18/05)(Econ, 9/30/06, p.57)
2005 The population of Tanzania
was about 36 million with 45% Christian and 35% Muslim.
(Econ, 11/5/05, p.51)
2006 Jan 1, East African leaders
said that millions of people in the region faced hunger because poor
rains had affected vital crops and pasture. Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya,
Somalia and Tanzania faced acute food shortages.
(AP, 1/1/06)
2006 Jan 4, In Tanzania rocks and
boulders tumbled down Mount Kilimanjaro and crashed into tents where
tourists were sleeping, killing 3 American climbers and seriously
injuring 2.
(AP, 1/5/06)
2006 Feb 18, Conservation
officials said a searing drought in Kenya and neighboring Tanzania has
killed dozens of hippopotamuses and other wild animals, and disrupted
the annual migration of wildebeests and zebras between the two East
African nations.
(AP, 2/20/06)
2006 Apr 29, Scientists tried to
discover why hundreds of dolphins washed up dead on a beach popular
with tourists on the northern coast of Zanzibar.
(AP, 4/29/06)
2006 Jun 9, In northern Tanzania
an overloaded bus plunged off a bridge and into a river gorge, killing
at least 54 people.
(AP, 6/9/06)
2006 Sep 15, Tanzania’s energy
minister said ongoing drought in east Africa has forced Tanzania to
impose power cuts seven days a week.
(AP, 9/15/06)
2006 Oct 17, The United States
said it plans to take in about 10,000 Burundian refugees from Tanzania,
many of whom fled their landlocked nation as far back as 1972.
(Reuters, 10/18/06)
2006 Nov 24, France said it will
give Tanzania 46 million euros (60 million dollars) to fund development
projects in the east African nation over the next five years.
(AFP, 11/24/06)
2006 Nov 30, The East African
Community (EAC) said Rwanda and Burundi have been accepted as members,
expanding the regional economic bloc to five nations. The EAC
previously grouped Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, which hoped to transform
the region into a political federation.
(AP, 11/30/06)
2006 Dec 14, In Tanzania Joseph
Nzabirinda (49), a former youth organizer accused in Rwanda's 1994
genocide, pleaded guilty to one count of murder before a UN war crimes
court, becoming only the seventh defendant to admit his guilt. Amnesty
International expressed serious concern that the court has been
one-sided in its prosecutions and decried its proposed transfer of
cases to the Rwandan judicial system.
(AFP, 12/14/06)
2006 Dec 15, In Kenya 11 African
heads of state attending the 2nd International Conference on the Great
Lakes Region signed a landmark $2 billion (1.5-billion-euro) security
and development pact to forestall fresh violence in the area.
(AFP, 12/15/06)
2006 In the waters off East Africa
unmarked fishing ships carried 23mm anti-aircraft guns and fished
illegally impacting the local fishermen of Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania.
Fish stocks fell as coral reefs were ripped, and numberless dolphins
and turtles were getting snagged.
(Econ, 8/5/06, p.43)
2007 Jan 5, UN Secretary-General
Ban Ki-moon appointed Tanzania's Foreign Minister Asha-Rose Migiro to
the deputy secretary-general post at the UN, calling her a highly
respected leader and outstanding manager who has championed the
developing world. A senior UN official said the United Nations has
investigated more than 300 members of UN peacekeeping missions for
alleged sexual exploitation and abuse during the past three years and
more than half were fired or sent home.
(AP, 1/6/07)
2007 Feb 14, In Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania, a conference of Anglican leaders opened as the 77
million-member church struggled with a potentially disastrous fight
over the Bible and sexuality.
(AP, 2/14/07)
2007 Feb 14, In Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania, a conference of Anglican leaders opened as the 77
million-member church struggled with a potentially disastrous fight
over the Bible and sexuality.
(AP, 2/14/07)
2007 Feb 19, Anglican leaders in
Tanzania demanded that the US Episcopal Church unequivocally bar
official prayers for gay couples and the consecration of more gay
bishops to undo the damage that North Americans have caused the
Anglican family.
(AP, 2/20/07)
2007 Feb 26, The World Vision
humanitarian group said that more than 50% of children in refugee camps
around Africa's volatile Great Lakes area have experienced some form of
sexual abuse. The data, collected in camps in the Burundi, Congo (DRC),
Tanzania, northern Uganda and Rwanda, said widespread poverty made
children vulnerable to abuses.
(AFP, 2/27/07)
2007 Mar 15, A defiant Zimbabwean
President Robert Mugabe told his critics of his government to "go hang"
themselves in his first response to the arrest and assault of
opposition chief Morgan Tsvangirai. Tanzanian President Jakaya Kikwete
went into talks with Mugabe following growing international
condemnation of the crackdown on opposition demonstrators.
(AFP, 3/15/07)
2007 Mar 28, In Tanzania 14
Southern African leaders meet for a two-day extraordinary summit on
economic and political regional woes spurred by crises in Zimbabwe and
the Democratic Republic of Congo.
(AFP, 3/28/07)
2007 Mar 29, In Tanzania African
leaders rallied around President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, ignoring
calls for tougher action against him and suggesting dialogue as the
solution to his country's deepening political crisis.
(Reuters, 3/29/07)
2007 Apr 13, In Tanzania the
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) ordered that Michel
Bagaragaza, the former head of Rwanda's national tea industry who is
accused of involvement in the mass slaughter, be tried by a court in
the Netherlands.
(AFP, 4/13/07)
2007 May 18, A group of 88
Burundians who have lived as refugees in neighboring Tanzania for up to
35 years became the first of some 8,500 to head to the US for a new
life.
(AP, 5/19/07)
2007 May 21, In Tanzania the
appeals court of the UN-backed Rwandan genocide tribunal upheld a life
sentence for Mika Muhimana (57), convicted on multiple counts of rape
and murder. Muhimana, a Hutu, was accused of involvement in the rape of
nearly 30 women from the minority Tutsi tribe during Rwanda's 1994
genocide.
(AFP, 5/21/07)
2007 Jun 4, The TED organization
(Technology, Entertainment, Design) gathered in Tanzania for a 4 day
session to discuss ideas for helping the poor of Africa.
(Econ, 6/23/07, p.55)(www.ted.com/pages/view/id/49)
2007 Jun 4, The Institute for
Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) said a study of mortality patterns in
South Africa, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Tanzania and Senegal indicated
Africa's HIV/AIDS crisis was reaching deep into elected governments.
(Reuters, 6/4/07)
2007 Jun 12, It was reported that
the Hadzabe tribe of Tanzania, numbering fewer than 1,500, faced a
hastening extinction following a government deal to lease 2,500 square
miles of tribal hunting land to members of the UAR royal family.
Schools, roads and other projects were offered in compensation.
(SFC, 6/12/07, p.A20)
2007 Jun 19, President Jakaya
Kikwete said Tanzania will shut camps housing 150,000 refugees from
Burundi by the end of this year as the war in the neighbouring central
African country is over.
(AFP, 6/19/07)
2007 Jul 25, State television
reported that Zimbabwe is to import 200,000 tons of the staple maize
from Tanzania to avert widespread food shortages following a poor
harvest. An international rights group said Zimbabwe's government
routinely arrests and tortures women's rights activists as part of a
crackdown on protests against President Mugabe and his policies.
(AP, 7/25/07)
2007 Aug 3, In Tanzania Darfur's
fractious rebel groups gathered for talks aimed at hammering out a
united front, following UN approval of a beefed up peacekeeping mission
in the Sudanese region.
(AP, 8/3/07)
2007 Aug 5, Darfur's fractious
rebel groups held a third day of reconciliation talks in Tanzania in a
bid to present a united front at future peace talks with Khartoum.
(AP, 8/5/07)
2007 Aug 6, In Tanzania Darfur's
rebel groups concluded four days of talks by agreeing on a common
platform to soon enter final peace negotiations with the Sudanese
government.
(AFP, 8/6/07)
2007 Sep 1, The population of
Tanzania was about 39 million, with a GDP per head of $860.
(Econ, 9/1/07, p.44)
2007 Nov 14, The EU reached an
accord with the East African Community (EAC) states of Burundi, Kenya,
Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. They will enjoy duty free, quota
free access to the EU for all products, except sugar and rice, from
January 1. Originally established in 1967, the EAC collapsed a decade
later amid diverging economic philosophies. It was resurrected in 2000
as Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda agreed to create an EU-style common
market for their 90 million citizens. Rwanda and Burundi became members
in July this year.
(AP, 11/17/07)
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Subject = Tanzania
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