Timeline of Artists
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Met Museum TL: www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/artist.htm
100000BC In
2008 scientists unearthed human-made paint “toolkits” from the
Blombos Cave in South Africa dating to about this time.
(SFC, 10/14/11, p.A5)
33000BC Av ivory carving dating to about this time
depicted a busty woman. It was found in 2008 in a German cave and
was unveiled in 2009 by archaeologists who believed it to be the
oldest known sculpture of the human form. The carving found in six
fragments in Germany's Hohle Fels cave depicts a woman with a
swollen belly, wide-set thighs and large, protruding breasts.
(AP, 5/14/09)
c2500BC In Egypt Pharaoh Chephren is considered to
have been the builder of the Great Sphinx of Giza, which is believed
to show his face. In 2002 Christine Zivie-Coche authored "Sphinx:
History of a Monument."
(SFC, 5/26/98, p.A8)(WSJ, 1/10/03, p.W7)
967 Li Cheng (b.919), Chinese
artist of the song Dynasty, died.
(SFC, 6/28/08, p.E1)
1090 Guo Xi (b.~1001), Chinese
artist of the song Dynasty, died about this time.
(SFC, 6/28/08, p.E1)
1178 A Chinese colored scroll
from this time depicted Buddhist guardians washing their clothes in
a mountain stream. Buddha (d.483BCE) was said to have entrusted 16
disciples with the task of guarding the faith.
(SFC, 12/5/03, p.D7)
c1255 Duccio di Buoninsegna
(d.1319), Sienese painter, was born.
(Econ, 1/17/04, p.75)
1260-1555 In 2004 Diana Norman covered this period
in her book: "Painting in the Late Medieval and Renaissance Siena."
(Econ, 1/17/04, p.75)
1267 Giotto (d.1337), Italian
painter, was born about this time.
(V.D.-H.K.p.128)(WSJ, 11/113/00,
p.A24)(www.mediacult.com/art/giotto/chrono.html)
1278-1477 In 2004 Tim Hyman covered this period in
his book: "Sienese Painting: "The Art of a City-Republic."
(Econ, 1/17/04, p.75)
1303 The Padova Chapel was
completed. Giotto began painting a fresco cycle there with scenes
from the Old and New Testaments.
(SFC,11/18/97, p.E7)
1305 Giotto finished a cycle of
frescoes inside the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua.
(SFC, 11/17/01, p.D4)
1337 Jan 8, Giotto (b.c.1267),
Italian artist, died. His frescoes showed a new realism and
vitality. Art historians later held that the Renaissance dawned in
Florence with Giotto's paintings. He cracked the formal stylization
of Byzantine painting and reinvented the ancient art of creating
depth on a flat surface. In 2000 art historians found evidence that
Pietro Cavallini re-introduced depth in his paintings in Rome around
1190.
(V.D.-H.K.p.128)(WSJ, 11/113/00,
p.A24)(www.mediacult.com/art/giotto/chrono.html)
1348 Jun 9, Ambrogio Lorenzetti
(b.1290), Italian painter of the Sienese school, died. His work
included the 3 murals titled “War,” “Peace” and “Good Government,”
in the Chamber of Peace of Siena’s town hall.
(WSJ, 12/1/07, p.W14)(Econ, 7/10/10,
p.80)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrogio_Lorenzetti)
1350 Chinese landscape artist
Huang Gongwang (1269-1354) painted "Dwelling in the Fuchun
Mountains" about this time. The Yuan Dynasty painting was torn into
two pieces some 360 years later by a private collector who tried to
burn it as he was dying, but a relative quickly saved it from the
flames Since 1949 one part has been stored in Taipei's Palace
Museum, after the two sides separated during a civil war. In 2011 an
exhibit in Taiwan reunited the two pieces.
(AP,
4/22/11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Gongwang)
1370 Andrei Rublev, Russian
icon painter, was born about this time.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1387 The Italian painter Fra
Angelico (d.1455), Giovanni da Fiesole, was born about this time.
His work included the "Annunciation." The 1997 book "Fra Angelico"
by John T. Spike was hailed as the art book of the year.
(WUD, 1994, p.57)(SFEC,12/797, Par p.6)
1400 Roger Van Der Weyden
(d.1464), Flemish painter, was born.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1624)(Econ, 10/3/09,
p.107)
1405 Andrei Rublev, Russian
icon painter, painted the iconostasis of the Cathedral of the Gospel
with Theophan the Greek; this was the 1st work executed in the
classical Russian style, distinguished from the Byzantine by its
great height and width and organization of multiple, varied icons
along axes.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1410 Andrei Rublev, Russian
icon painter, painted the icon “The Old Testament Trinity,” which
showed Abraham’s 3 angels. This is the only work known to be
entirely his own.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1419 The marble Fonte Gaia in
Siena was sculpted by Jacopo della Quercia.
(WSJ, 4/29/03, D5)
1427 Gentile De Fabriano
(b.~1378), Italian painter, died about this time. His work included
“The Adoration of the Kings” (1423).
(WSJ, 12/19/08, p.W9A)(
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06421a.htm)
1428 Fra Angelico
(c.1387-1455), Italian painter and Dominican friar, created his
“Madonna of Humility.”
(Econ, 12/17/11, p.148)
1428-1430 Andrei Rublev, Russian icon painter,
took part in painting the frescoes of the Andronikov Monastery’s
Church of the Savior.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1430 Jan 29, Andrei Rublev,
Russian icon painter, died and was buried in the Andronikov
Monastery. In 1966 the Russian film “Andrei Rublev” was made by
Andrei Tarkovsky.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1430 Hans Memling (d.1494),
painter of the Flemish school, was born in Seligenstadt, Germany.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.894)
1431 Andrea Mantegna (d.1506),
Italian painter and engraver, was born.
(WUD, 1994, p.1534)(WSJ, 6/6/96, p.A12)(SFEC,
7/13/97, p.T11)
1438 Jan van Eyck (1385-1441)
painted his "Portrait of Cardinal Niccols Albergati."
(SFC, 1/5/01, p.C9)
1439-1440 Donatello (1386-1466), Florentine
artist, completed his bronze statue of David about this time. It was
commissioned by Cosimo de Medici.
(WSJ, 1/11/99,
p.R53)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_%28Donatello%29)
1441 Jun, Jan/Johannes van Eyck
(b.1395), Flemish painter (Lamb Gods), died in Brugge.
(www.wga.hu/tours/flemish/eyck/brothers.html)
1445-1510 Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter, was
born in Florence as Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi. His work
included "The Birth of Venus" "Madonna of the Eucharist"
(c1472-1475) and "Portrait of a Man with a Medal." His work "Venus
and Mars" is at the London National Gallery. He belongs to the era
of the Quattro cento, when artists were still struggling to break
free of the rigid outlines of the Middle Ages. His solution was the
use of curved lines. Vasari later claimed that Botticelli was a
follower of Savonarola, the religious zealot.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.173)(WSJ, 2/5/97,
p.A16)(SFEC, 2/1/98, p.T8)
1446 Apr 16, Filippo
Brunelleschi (69), architect, sculptor and goldsmith, died and was
buried in the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Flower in Florence. In
the 1490s Antonio di Tuccio Manetti authored "The Life of
Brunelleschi." In 1974 Isabelle Hyman authored "Brunelleschi in
Perspective."
(ON, 9/00, p.8)(MC, 4/16/02)
c1450-1516 Hieronymus Bosch, painter was born.
Hieronymous van Aken was born in the small Dutch Brabant city of
‘s-Hertogenbosch in Flanders.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.172)(WSJ, 8/25/98,
p.A12)(WSJ, 10/11/01, p.A19)
1452 Apr 15, Leonardo da Vinci
(d.1519), Italian painter, sculptor, scientist and visionary, was
born in Vinci near Florence. He apprenticed to the painters
Verrocchio and Antonio Pollaiuolo and was accepted to the Florentine
painters' guild at twenty. Only seventeen surviving paintings can be
attributed to him. These include: "The Last Supper" in Milan, the
"Mona Lisa" and "The Virgin and Child with St. Anne" in the Louvre.
He tried to express his immense knowledge of the world by simply
looking at things. The secret he said was "saper vedere," to know
how to see. His final "Visions of the End of the World" was a
sketchbook in which he tried to depict his sense of the forces of
nature, which in his imagination he conceived of as possessing a
unity that no one had ever seen before. His use of a smoky
atmosphere (sfumato) helped create an impression of lifelikeness.
(V.D.-H.K.p.137)(WSJ, 2/5/97, p.A16)(HN, 4/15/98)
1453 Piero della Francesca
(1415/1420-1492) began work on the "Legenda della Vera Croce" (The
Legend of the True Cross) at the church of San Francesco in Arezzo.
He was commissioned by the Bacci family of Arezzo to complete the
work begun by Bicci de Lorenzo.
(WSJ, 6/02/97, p.A20)(WSJ, 2/2/08, p.W14)
1455 Mar 18, Fra Angelico,
Italian monk and Renaissance painter born around 1387 as Guido di
Pietro, died. Fra Angelico gained a reputation as a painter under
that name before joining the Dominicans in the 1420s. However, much
of the influence found in his work is thought to come from Dominican
teachings. He stayed at Dominican monasteries in Florence for most
of his life doing a variety of religious painting until being called
to Rome in 1445 by Pope Eugene IV, where he completed several chapel
frescoes. Returning to Florence in the early 1450s, he died on a
return visit to Rome in 1455 and is entombed at the church of Santa
Maria della Minerva. In 1984 Fra Angelico was beatified by Pope John
Paul II.
(HNQ,
3/6/01)(http://gallery.euroweb.hu/bio/a/angelico/biograph.html)(WSJ,
11/9/05, p.D16)
1464 Jun 18, Roger Van Der
Weyden (b.1400), Flemish painter, died. He had mastered the new
technique of oil painting and served as the official painter to the
city of Brussels.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogier_van_der_Weyden)(Econ, 10/3/09,
p.107)
1464 Desiderio da Settignano
(b.~1439), Renaissance sculptor, died in Florence.
(WSJ, 9/11/07, p.D6)
1469 May 19, Giovanni della
Robbia, Italian sculptor, was born.
(MC, 5/19/02)
1470 The earliest documented
work by Botticelli was made. "Fortitude" was an allegory portraying
a woman who embodies the virtue of inner strength.
(SFC, 6/20/97, p.A9)
1472 Mar 28, Fra Bartolommeo
(d.1517), Florentine Renaissance painter, was born.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra_Bartolommeo)
1472 Apr 15, Leon Battista
Alberti (b.1404), Italian humanist, architect (Philodoxis), died. He
wrote the 1st Italian grammar, the 1st theory of painting as an art,
and the treatise "On the Art of Building." In 1970 Joan Gadol
authored a biography. In 2000 Anthony Grafton authored the biography
"Leon Battista Alberti."
(WSJ, 11/30/00, p.A20)(MC, 4/15/02)
1472 Hans Memling painted “The
Virgin and Child With St. Anthony Abbot and Donor.”
(SFC, 10/18/05, p.D2)
1475 Mar 6, Michelangelo
Buonarroti (d.1564), painter, sculptor and architect, was born. His
early mentor was Bertoldo di Giovanni, a pupil of Donatello. His
work included "The Creation of Adam" and the "Pieta Rondanini." He
at one time proposed to sculpt the 5,000 foot Monte Sagro in Carrara
into the statue of a giant.
(WUB, 1994, p. 904)(WSJ, 2/29/96, p.A-14)(AAP,
1964) (SFEC, 7/13/97, p.T11)(SFEC,10/19/97, p.T4)(HN, 3/6/98)
1475-1476 Petrus Christus (b. c1415),
Netherlandish painter, died in Brugge.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=2806)
1478 Sandro Botticelli
(1445-1510) painted "La Primavera" about this time.
(WSJ, 4/14/07, p.P11)
c1478 Giorgione (d.1510),
Italian painter, was born.
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(WSJ, 12/4/97, p.A20)
1480 Sandro Botticelli painted
"The Birth of Venus."
(WSJ, 2/5/97, p.A16)
1481 Sandro Botticelli painted
"The Annunciation."
(SFC, 10/7/03, p.D8)
1483 Mar 28, Raphael, painter
(School of Athens), was born in Urbino, Italy. [see Apr 6]
(MC, 3/28/02)
1483 Apr 6, Raphael (Raffaello
Sanzio, d.1520), Dutch painter (Sistine Madonna), was born to an
unremarkable painter in the Duchy of Urbino. He went on to paint
works in the Vatican. After an apprenticeship in Perugia, he went to
Florence, having heard of the work da Vinci and Michelangelo were
doing. His last 12 years were spent on numerous commissions in Rome.
He died on his 37th birthday, his funeral mass being celebrated in
the Vatican. [see Mar 28]
(HN, 4/6/98)(HNQ, 11/17/00)
1484 Bartolomeo di Giovanni
Corradini, Italian painter who joined the Dominican order as Fra
Carnevale, died.
(Econ, 12/11/04, p.82)
1485 Sandro Botticelli
(1445-1510) painted "Venus and Mars" about this time.
(WSJ, 6/16/07, p.P16)
1487 Hans Memling
(c.1440-1494), Flemish painter, painted the diptych “Virgin and
Child” and “Maarten van Nieuwenhove” (1463-1500), who was his
patron.
(SFC, 10/18/05, p.D2)(SFC, 12/23/06, p.E12)
1489 A sculpture St. George and
the Dragon, created by Bernt Notke, was unveiled in Stockholm,
Sweden. He composed the dragon entirely of elk horns.
(SSFC, 8/19/07, p.G4)
1490 Leonardo da Vinci painted
“Lady with an Ermine” about this time. It featured Cecilia Gallerani
(1473-1536), the favorite mistress of Lodovico Sforza, the Duke of
Milan.
(Econ, 10/29/11, IL
p.27)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_with_an_Ermine)
c1492 Andrea Montegna, Italian
painter, created his "Descent Into Limbo," a depiction of Christ
descending into limbo to liberate the souls of the righteous. In
2003 the work sold for $28 million.
(SFC, 1/24/03, p.D2)
1492 Piero della Francesca
(b.1415/1420), Italian artist, died. His work included “The Virgin
and child with Saints, angels and Federigo da Montefeltro”
(1472-1474).
(WSJ, 2/2/08, p.W14)
1494 May 25, Jacopo Pontormo
(d.1557), Italian painter (Sepulture of Christ), was born. He
represented what Vasari called the terza maniera, the third or
modern manner of painting.
(WUD, 1994, p.1118)(WSJ, 10/29/96, p.A21)(SC,
5/25/02)
1494 Aug 11, Hans Memling
(b.1435), German-born master of Flemish painting, died in Brugge.
(www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/memling/)
1495 Leonardo da Vinci sketched
a design of a parachute. Da Vinci also painted “La Belle Ferroniere
in Milan about this time.
(SFEC, 9/8/96, zone 1 p.6)(Econ, 10/16/10, p.104)
1496 Juan de Flandes painted
“Christ Calming the Storm,” a commission by Spain’s Queen Isabel.
(WSJ, 12/16/04, p.D8)
1497 Jul 22, Francesco
Botticini (c52), Italian painter, died.
(MC, 7/22/02)
1497 Hans Holbein the Younger
(d.1543), painter, was born in Augsburg, Bavaria.
(WSJ, 12/30/06,
p.P10)(www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/holbein/)
1497 Sandro Botticelli painted
"The Calumny." It showed King Midas with donkey ears.
(SFC, 10/7/03, p.D8)
1500 Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)
of Nuremburg painted a self-portrait later described as the most
gorgeous portrait ever painted.
(WSJ, 3/15/08, p.W16)
1501 Michelangelo was
commissioned by Florence, his native home, to carve the colossal
statue "David." The work had been by Agostino di Duccio around 1465.
Michelangelo finished it in 1504. It was placed at the front of the
Palazzo Signoria. In 1873 it was cleaned and moved indoors.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.8)(WSJ, 4/29/03, D5)
1503 Parmigianino (d.1540),
painter and master draftsman, was born. His paintings included
"Madonna of the Long Neck."
(WSJ, 2/12/00, p.A25)
1503 Leonardo Da Vinci began
painting the "Mona Lisa." The husband of Lisa del Giocondo
commissioned Leonardo da Vinci to paint the "Mona Lisa," The model
was Lisa Gheradini whose relatives had emigrated to Ireland in the
12th century and translated their surname to Fitzgerald, an
ancestral name of later US president John F. Kennedy. Lisa
Gherardini (b.1479) was originally identified as the subject of the
world's most famous painting by Leonardo's first biographer, the
16th-century Italian writer Giorgio Vasari. In 2001 Donald Sassoon
authored "Becoming Mona Lisa: The Making of a Global Icon."
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa_del_Giocondo)(SFC, 4/26/97,
p.E4)(SFC, 3/21/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 12/7/01, p.W16)(AP, 9/13/04)
1503 Leonardo da Vinci was
commissioned to decorate a hall in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence.
For some 18 months he worked on a mural for the 1440 Battle of
Anghiari but abandoned the work in 1506. The mural was later lost
when Georgio Vasari was hired to remodel the hall.
(WSJ, 11/9/07, p.W4)
1504 Apr 18, Fra Filippo Lippi
(~52), painter, died.
(MC, 4/18/02)
1505 Pope Julius II summoned
Michelangelo to Rome to design the pope’s tomb. The contract was
revised 5 times and only 3 of 40 large figures were executed.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.9)(OG)
1505 Leonardo da Vinci painted
“The Battle of Anghiari” on a wall in Florence’s Palazzo Vecchio. It
commemorated a victory of Florentine forces over the ruling Medici.
In 1563 the Medici, having regained power, hired Giorgio Vasari to
cover up Leonardo’s work with a painting celebrating one of their
own martial successes. It was later thought that Vasari hid the
original behind his new work.
(WSJ, 4/10/08, p.D7)
1505 Giorgione painted "The
Concert."
(WSJ, 7/16/02, p.D6)
1505 Raphael painted his
“Madonna of the Goldfinch” about this time for the wedding of a
friend, Lorenzo Nasi. The painting was shredded in 1548 when Nasi’s
palace collapsed. The work was pieced together and modern
restoration, which began in 1999, was completed in 2008.
(SFC, 10/31/08, p.E7)
1506 Albrecht Durer painted his
"Portrait of a Young Woman."
(SFEC, 12/26/99, p.C17)
1506 Giorgione painted “The
Three Philosophers” about this time.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1506 Andrea Mantegna (b.1431),
Italian painter and engraver, died. His paintings included a dead
Christ, “Christo Morto,” whose bare feet seem to stick out of the
picture. He also painted "Virgin and Child in Glory."
(WSJ, 6/6/96, p.A12)(SFEC, 7/13/97, p.T11)(WSJ,
11/10/07, p.W14)
1507 Giorgione painted his
“Sunset Landscape” about this time.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1508 Giorgione painted "The
Tempesta," a landscape of a stormy setting with a town in the
background, a soldier lower left and a woman nursing to the right.
It is at the Academia Gallery in Venice. His work “the Three
Philosophers” also dated to about this time.
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(WSJ, 12/4/97, p.A20)(SFC,
10/29/11, p.E2)
1509 Fra Bartolommeo, Italian
artist, painted "The Holy Family with the Infant St. John." It was
purchased by the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) for close
to $4 million. His work "The Holy Family with the Infant St. John,"
was purchased by the John Paul Getty Museum in Malibu for $22.5 mil.
(WUD, 1994, p.123)(SFC, 5/13/96, p.D-5)(WSJ,
10/29/96, p.A21)(SFEC, 1/11/98, p.A23)
1510 May 17, Sandro Botticelli
(b.1445), Florentine artist born as Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni
Filipepi, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli)
1510 Bernard Pallissy (d.1590),
French ceramicist, painter and writer, was born.
(www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=867&page=1)
1510 Giovanni Bellini painted
“Virgin With the Blessing Child.”
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1510 Raphael painted "The
Triumph of Galatea," a fresco on the wall of the Farnesina, the
villa of Agnostino Chigi.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.10)
1510 Giorgione (b.~1478),
Italian painter, died of the plague. He was a top student of Bellini
and excelled in the paragone: a competition between painting an
poetry, where painters sought to rival poets in conveying beauty.
Titian finished Giorgione’s “Sleeping Venus.”
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(WSJ, 12/4/97,
p.A20)(Econ, 7/29/06, p.77)
1511 Jul 30, Giorgio Vasari
(d.1574), Italy, painter, architect and art historian (Vasari's
Lives), was born. He wrote "Lives of the Artists."
(WUD, 1994, p.1582)(MC, 7/30/02)
1511 Fra Bartolomeo painted
"The Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine." He emphasizing his mastery
in the display of draperies.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.10)
1514 Giovanni Bellini painted
“Feast of the Gods.” The painting depicts Ovid’s tale of how Vesta,
goddess of virginity is approached while sleeping by Priapus, god of
fertility, who begins to twitch up her tunic. At that moment a
donkey sneezes and awakens Vesta, who quickly awakes and runs away.
It is now on exhibit at the National Gallery of Art in Wa., DC.
(T&L, 10/1980, p.66)(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1515 Giovanni Bellini
(b.~1430-1516), Italian artist, painted his masterpiece “Lady With a
Mirror.
(Econ, 7/29/06, p.77)
1515 Hans Holbein the Younger
arrived in Basel, the European center of book publishing. The city
in 1997 owned 340 prints by Holbein.
(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1516 Hans Holbein in Basel
painted a wooden shingle as a sort of advertisement for the
schoolmaster Oswald Geishüsler. It marked the beginning of
"profane" painting in the West.
(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1516 Titian began "The
Assumption of the Virgin," a monumental altarpiece in the Church of
the Frari, Venice.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.11)
1516 Giovanni Bellini
(b.~1430), Italian artist, died in Venice. Giorgione and Titian had
graduated from his workshop.
(Econ, 7/29/06,
p.77)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Bellini)
1517 Oct 6, Fra Bartolommeo
(b.1472), Florentine Renaissance painter, died. He was a Dominican
monk nicknamed Baccio della Porta. His work included a portrait of
Savonarola.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra_Bartolommeo)(SFC, 5/13/96, p.D-5)
1517-1518 Giovanni Battista Cima (b.~1459), aka
Cima da Conegliano, Italian artist, died about this time.
(Econ, 4/21/12,
p.99)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cima_da_Conegliano)
1518 Sep 29, Jacopo Tintoretto
(d.1588), Italian artist, was born.
(Econ, 2/10/07,
p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintoretto)
1518 Raphael painted a portrait
of Leo X which showed spectacles with concave lenses for
short-sightedness.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.11)
1518 Raphael began painting the
nude model “La Fornarina” (the Little Baker Girl). It was completed
about 1519.
(www.abcgallery.com/R/raphael/raphael58.html)
1518 Titian painted "Offering
to Venus."
(NH, 6/01, p.47)
1519 May 2, Artist Leonardo da
Vinci (67) died at the Chateau du Clos-Luce, France, where he had
lived since 1516. In 1994 A. Richard Turner wrote "Inventing
Leonardo," a history of Leonardo legends. In 2004 Bulent Atalay
authored “Math and the Mona Lisa: The Art and Science of Leonardo da
Vinci.” In 2004 Charles Nicholl authored “Leonard da Vinci: The
Flights of the Mind.”
(AP, 5/2/97)(NH, 5/97, p.58)(Econ, 5/15/04,
p.80)(Econ, 12/11/04, p.81)(SSFC, 10/9/11, p.C6)
1520 Apr 6, Raphael (b.1483),
[Sanzio], Italian painter (Sistine Madonna), died on his 37th
birthday. His work included "The Veiled Lady" and a set of cartoons
that were woven into 10 tapestries titled "The Acts of the Apostles"
(1544-1557).
(WSJ, 4/11/02,
p.D7)(www.abcgallery.com/R/raphael/raphaelbio.html)
1522 Aug 27, Giovanni A. Amadei
(75), Amadeo, Italian sculptor, architect, died.
(MC, 8/27/02)
1522-1524 Titian painted "Bacchanal of the
Andrians" during this period.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1523 Titian painted "Bacchus
and Ariadne," a heroic mythological composition for Alfonso d’Este,
Duke of Ferrara. It is now at the London National Gallery.
(TL-MB, p.12)(SFEC, 2/1/98, p.T8)
1523 Hans Holbein completed the
first of several portraits of Erasmus in Basel. He also began the
design of 51 plates on the "Dance of Death," which reflected ideas
of the Reformation.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.12)(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1524 Hans Holbein the Elder (b.
c1460), German-born artist, died in Eisenheim.
(www.abcgallery.com/H/holbein/fholbeinbio.html)
1526 Zhu Duan (b.1464), Chinese
artist, died. His work included the hanging scroll “Looking at a
Misty River at Dusk.”
(http://wwar.com/masters/z/zhu_duan.html)(SFC,
6/28/08, p.E1)
1527 Giuseppe Arcimboldi
(d.1593), Italian painter [Arcimboldo], was born.
(WUD, 1994, p.78)(WSJ, 7/10/97, p.A13)
1528 Apr 6, Albrecht Durer
(b.1471), German painter, graphic artist, died in Germany.
(SFEC, 2/9/97, DB
p.6)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer)
1530 Titian, Italian artist and
chief master of the Venetian school, painted Cardinal Ippolito
de’Medici. He became court painter in Bologna.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)
1533 Hans Holbein the Younger
(1497-1543) painted "The Ambassadors," a brilliant portrait of two
French ambassadors to England.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)(WSJ, 12/30/06, p.P10)
1533 Titian painted "Charles
V."
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)
1534 Mannerism, influenced by
Michelangelo, developed in painting and architecture. Francesco
Parmigianino (1503-1540), painter of the "Madonna with the Long
Neck," was a leading exponent.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)(Econ, 1/26/08, p.82)
1534-1536 Titian’s “Portrait of Isabella d’Este,
Marchioness of Mantua,” dated to about this time.
(SFC, 10/29/11, p.E2)
1536 Titian painted the
"Portrait of Francesco Maria della Rovere, Duke of Urbino."
(WSJ, 3/9/98, p.A16)
1538 Titian painted his "Urbino
V."
(TL-MB, 1988, p.15)
1538 Benvenuto Cellini
(1500-1571), Florentine artist, was imprisoned for about a year in
the dungeon beneath the papal fortress of Castel Sant’Angelo for
killing his brother’s murderer.
(SSFC, 7/22/07, p.G2)
1540 Renaissance artist Lucas
Cranach the Elder (1472-1553) created his painting "Suffer the
Little Children to Come Unto Me" about this time In 2009 it was
stolen from a Lutheran church in the southern Norway town of Larvik.
It’s value was estimated at 15-20 million kroner ($2.1-$2.8
million).
(AP, 3/8/09)
1540 Francesco Mazzola
Parmigianino (b.1503), Italian painter and master draftsman, died.
His paintings included "Antea."
(Econ, 1/26/08, p.82)
1541 El Greco (d.1614), artist,
was born in Crete. He settled in Toledo, Spain, in 1577 and died
there.
(WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)
1541 Lorenzo Lotto, Italian
artist, painted the "Portrait of a Man With a Felt Hat."
(WSJ, 1/15/98, p.A17)
1541 Jean Clouet (b.1480),
French Renaissance artist, died. He was the chief painter of King
Francis I. Clouet’s work included a 1519 portrait of Francis I as
Saint John the Baptist.
(Econ, 10/16/10,
p.104)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Clouet)
1544-1545 Titian painted "Danaë."
(WSJ, 5/8/03, p.D8)
1546 Titian painted his great
family portrait of Paul III and his Grandsons Ottavio and Cardinal
Alessandro Farnese.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.17)
1548 Tintoretto, Italian
Renaissance artist, painted his work "St. Mark Rescuing the Slave."
(TL-MB, 1988, p.17)
1548 Jacopo Tintoretto
(1518-1594), Venetian school Italian artist, established his fame
with the painting “Miracle of the Slave.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintoretto)(Econ,
2/10/07, p.90)
1548 Titian painted his
portrait of Charles V at Muhlberg.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.17)
1561 Simon Bening, Flemish
painter, died. He was known as the best illuminator of his time.
(Econ, 1/3/04, p.62)
1563 Francesco Salviati
(b.1510), Italian Mannerist painter from Florence, died. His work
included frescoes on the walls of the Palazzo Farnese.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_de%27_Rossi_%28Il_Salviati%29)
1565 Sep 20, A Spanish fleet
under Pedro Menendez de Aviles wiped out the French at Fort
Caroline, in Florida. Spanish forces under Pedro Menendez massacred
a band of French Huguenots that posed a potential threat to Spanish
hegemony in the area. They also took advantage of the local Timucuan
Indian tribe. Artist Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues managed to escape
and return to France, where he painted watercolors depicting the
French colony and Indians living nearby.
(WSJ, 8/3/95, p.A-8)(HN, 9/20/98)(Arch, 1/05,
p.47)(WSJ, 7/18/08, p.W8)(Arch, 5/05, p.28)
1565 Dec 9, Pius IV (66),
[Gianangelo de' Medici], Italian Pope (1559-65), died.
(MC, 12/9/01)
1565 Tintoretto (c.1518-1594)
created his “Crucifixion,” later considered the single best example
of Italian Renaissance religious art.
(WSJ, 9/22/07, p.W10)
1566-1572 Pius V (b. 1504) led the Catholic
Church.
(HN, 1/17/99)
1567 May 1, Michiel Jansz van
Mierevelt, Dutch royal painter, was born.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1571 Feb 14, Benvenuto Cellini
(b.1500), Florentine goldsmith and sculptor, writer (Perseus), died.
His 1545 autobiography greatly influenced the Renaissance.
(HN, 11/1/00)(WSJ, 2/14/00,
p.A20)(www.boglewood.com/cornaro/xcellini.html)
1572 Nov 23, Agnolo di Cosimo
(b.1503), Italian Renaissance painter and poet (aka Bronzino), died.
He had worked as the court artist to Cosimo de’ Medici, Duke of
Florence. His work included a portrait of "Eleonora of Toledo and
her son."
(MT, Spring 02, p.23)(Econ, 10/2/10,
p.92)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronzino)
1576 Aug 27, The Venetian
painter Titian (Tiziano Vecelli), born about 1488, died of the
plague. His handling of color and mastery of new oil techniques made
him one of the greatest painters of the Renaissance.
(Reuters,
8/28/01)(www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/tita/hd_tita.htm)
1577 Jun 28, Pietro Paul Rubens
(d.1640), Flemish painter, was born in Germany, the child of
protestants exiled from Antwerp. His work included "Helene Fourment"
and "The Abduction of the Daughters of Leucippus."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1250)(HN, 6/28/01)
(Econ, 5/15/04, p.81)
1577 Painter El Greco (36),
born in Crete as Domenikos Theotokopoulos, went to Spain and settled
there permanently in Toledo.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.22)(WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)
1580 Paolo Veronese
(1528-1588), Italian painter, completed about this time his oil on
canvas “Judith With the Head of Holofernes.”
(SFC, 10/29/11, p.E1)
1581 May 6, Frans Francken, the
Younger, painter, was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1583 The painting “Newborn Baby
in a Crib” by Lavinia Fontana (1552-1614), Italian artist, was
completed about this time.
(WSJ, 12/23/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavinia_Fontana)
1584 Lavinia Fontana of Bologna
painted her "Portrait of the Gozzadini Family."
(SFC, 3/30/98, p.D1)
1585 Luca Cambiaso (b.1527),
Genovese Renaissance painter, died in San Lorenzo de El Escorial,
Spain, where he was working under commission for King Phillip II.
(www.artnet.com/artist/3516/luca-cambiaso.html)
1586 El Greco began to paint
"The Burial of Count Orgaz." This depicted the miracle of the
saintly count’s funeral, where St. Augustine and St. Stephen
personally descend from heaven to bury the corpse with their own
hands.
(TL-MB, p.24)(WSJ, 11/6/03, p.D10)
1588 Apr 9, Paolo Veronese
(b.1528), Italian painter, died in Venice. His paintings included
“The Choice Between Virtue and Vice.” He was the son of sculptor
Gabriele Caliari.
(WSJ, 6/15/06,
p.D7)(http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/veronese/veronese_bio.htm)
1591 Giuseppe Arcimboldo
painted a portrait of Emperor Rudolf II as Vertumnus, the Roman god
of seasons.
(WSJ, 9/9/06, p.P9)
1592 Mar 10, Michiel Coxcie,
Flemish court painter, carpet designer, died.
(MC, 3/10/02)
1593 Mar 19, Georges de la Tour
(d.1652), French painter, was born. His night painting "The Penitent
Magdelene" features a seated woman contemplating a flame with one
hand resting on a skull.
(NH, 10/96, p.39)(MC, 3/19/02)
1593 Jul 11, Giuseppe
Arcimboldo (b.1527), Italian painter, died. Arcimboldo painted
representations of objects, such as fruits and vegetables, on the
canvas arranged in such a way that the whole collection of objects
formed a recognizable likeness of the portrait subject. He painted a
portrait of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II composed entirely of
vegetables.
(WUD, 1994, p.78)(WSJ, 7/10/97,
p.A13)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo)
1594 Apr 15, Flemish painter
Pieter Stevens was appointed royal painter of Rudolf II in Prague.
(MC, 4/15/02)
1594 May 31, Jacopo Tintoretto
(b.1518), Italian artist, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintoretto)
1597 Cardinal Odoardo Farnese,
the nephew of Pope Paul III, commissioned Annibale Carracci and his
workshop to decorate the barrel-vaulted gallery on the piano nobile
of the family palace. Work was started in 1597 and was not entirely
finished until 1608, one year before Annibale's death.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Loves_of_the_Gods_%28Carracci%29)
1597 El Greco (1541-1614),
Spanish artist, completed his visionary “View of Toledo” about this
time.
(WSJ, 6/28/08, p.W12)
1599 Mar 22, Sir Anthony Van
Dyck, Flemish artist, was born. He gave his name to the Vandyke
beard. [See Feb 22]
(AP, 3/22/99)
1599 Jun 6, Velazquez (d.1660),
Diego Rodriguez de Silva, Spanish painter of Portuguese ancestry,
was born. He painted "Count Duke of Olivares" and "Rokeby Venus"
(1647-51) The Venus is at the London National Gallery.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez)(SFEC, 2/1/98,
p.T8)(WSJ, 1/5/07, p.W12)
1599 Jul 23, Caravaggio
received his 1st public commission for paintings.
(MC, 7/23/02)
1600 A sculptor, later known as
Furienmeister (master of the furies), worked in Florence, Vienna and
perhaps Dresden about this time. In 2006 only about 25 works were
attributed to the artist who carved in ivory.
(Econ, 5/13/06, p.96)
1601 Mar 19, Alonzo Cano,
Spanish painter, sculptor (Cathedral Granada), was born.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1601 Adriaen de Vries, Dutch
sculptor, supplied Augsburg, Germany, the cast the "Man Pouring
Water From a Conch Shell."
(WSJ, 1/8/99, p.C13)
1601 Caravaggio painted "Supper
at Emmaus."
(WSJ, 8/4/04, p.D8)
1601 Dutch artist Joachim
Wtewael painted "Mars and Venus Discovered by Vulcan."
(SFEM, 8/31/97, p.8)
1602 Caravaggio painted "The
Taking of Christ." In 2005 Jonathan Harr authored “The Lost
Painting: The Quest for a Caravaggio Masterpiece.”
(WSJ, 5/13/99, p.A28)(SSFC, 12/11/05, p.M6)
1605 Apr 8, Louis de Vadder,
Flemish painter, was born.
(MC, 4/8/02)
1605 The painting "Death of
Samson," attributed to Peter Paul Rubens, may have been done by a
student and completed as late as 1650. The work was later purchased
by the Getty Museum for $6 million through Italian art dealers from
the Corsini family and contested whether or not it was a national
treasure.
(WSJ, 4/2/99, p.W12)
1606 May 6, Lorenzo Lippi,
[Perlone Zipoli], poet, painter, was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1606 Jul 15, The painter
Rembrandt (d.1669) Harmenszoom van Rizn (Rijn), was born in Leiden,
Netherlands. His paintings included "Old Woman Cutting Her Nails,"
"Night Watch," "Self Portrait Leaning Forward" (1628), "Two Studies
of Saskia Asleep" (1635-1637), "Jupiter and Antiope" (1659) and
"Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer." He started making
etchings in the 1620s when the medium was barely a 100 years old.
(WSJ, 10/1/96, p.A20)(SFC, 10/12/96, p.E3)(SFC,
5/17/97, p.E1)(AP, 7/15/97)
c1606 Caravaggio painted "St.
John the Baptist."
(WSJ, 4/28/98, p.A16)
1606 Caravaggio fled Rome after
he accidentally killed a man.
(Econ, 2/26/05, p.82)
1609 Jul 15, Annibale Carracci
(b.1560), Italian Baroque painter, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annibale_Carracci)
1609 Caravaggio (1571-1610)
completed his "Adoration of the Shepherds," during a brief stay in
Messina, Sicily.
(AP, 10/7/09)
c1609 Peter Paul Rubens painted
“Samson and Delilah.”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
c1609 Rubens painted "The Head
of St. John the Baptist." In 1998 it sold for $5.5 mil to Alfred
Bader.
(SFC, 2/3/98, p.E3)
1610 Jul 18, Michelangelo
Merisi da Caravaggio (b.1571), Italian artist, died in Porto Ercole
at age 38. His paintings included “David With the Head of Goliath,”
in which he used his own image for Goliath. In 1999 Helen Langdon
authored the biography: "Caravaggio: A Life." In 2000 Peter Robb
authored the biography: "M: The Man Who Became Caravaggio." In 2010
Andrew Graham-Dixon authored “Caravaggio: A Life Sacred and
Profane.”
(Econ, 2/26/05, p.82)(WSJ, 5/4/05,
p.D8)(http://tinyurl.com/8jjs6)(SFC, 7/22/10, p.79)
1610 Ustad Mansur, a
seventeenth century Mughal painter, painted a picture depicting the
Dodo bird. As a court artist of Jehangir (1605-1627) Mansur
specialized in depicting plants and animals.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustad_Mansur)
1611 Apr 1, Gillis van
Valkenborch (~72), Flemish painter, was buried.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1613 Apr 7, Gerard Dou, Dutch
painter (Night School), was born.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1614 Apr 7, El Greco (b.1541),
Cretan born Spanish painter (View of Toledo), died in Toledo. His
paintings included "The Resurrection" (1597).
(WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)(MC, 4/7/02)
1619 Apr 16, Denijs Calvaert
(Caluwaert), [Dionisio Fiamingo], Flemish painter, died.
(MC, 4/16/02)
1624 Velasquez painted a
portrait of King Philip IV.
(WSJ, 12/16/04, p.D8)
1626 Apr 5, Jan van Kessel
(d.1679), Flemish painter, was born. He was the grandson of Jan
Breughel. He is known for his small paintings on copper and wood.
His "Study of Butterflies, Spiders, Lizards, a Beetle, an Ant, a
Grasshopper and Other Insects" sold at a Sotheby’s auction in 2000
for $1,655,750.
(WSJ, 6/9/00, p.W10)(MC, 4/5/02)
1626 Rembrandt van Rijn
depicted part of himself in his painting "History Piece."
(WSJ, 8/11/99, p.A16)
c1626 Peter Paul Rubens painted
“The Succession of the Popes (Allegory of Eternity).”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
1628 Mar 10, Constantine
Huygens Jr., Dutch poet, painter, cartoonist, was born.
(MC, 3/10/02)
1628 Oct 14, Iacopo Nigreti
(b.~1548-50), prolific and facile Venetian Mannerist painter, died.
He is best known as Jacopo Palma il Giovane or simply Palma Giovane
("Young Palma"). His paintings included “Yael Killing Sisera,” a
depiction of the Book of Judges Biblical story of the heroine, Yael
of Jael, who killed Sisera to deliver Israel from the troops of king
Jabin. She was the wife of Heber the Kenite.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yael)
1628 Rembrandt Harmenszoom van
Rizn (Rijn)(1606-1669), Dutch painter, painted "Self Portrait
Leaning Forward."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(WSJ, 10/1/96,
p.A20)
1628 Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish
painter, was called upon to broker a peace between Catholic Spain
and Protestant England.
(Econ, 5/15/04, p.81)
1629 Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish
painter, created an allegorical design depicting "Honor and Virtue."
The painting was commissioned in this year and in 1998 was part of
the collection of the Prince of Liechtenstein. A separate small oil
sketch for the painting was first made and made public in 1998.
Rubens also made a copy of Titian’s "The Rape of Europa," and he
painted the portrait of "Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel."
(SFC, 2/19/98, p.E4)(WSJ, 3/9/98, p.A16)
1629-1684 Pieter de Hooch, Dutch painter of
contemplative scenes of everyday life.
(WSJ, 2/2/99, p.A20)
1632 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
his work "Europa" and "Portrait of a Lady Aged 62." The portrait
sold for $28.7 million in 2000. Rembrandt also painted "The Anatomy
Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp" in this year.
(WSJ, 3/9/98, p.A16)(SFC, 12/15/00, p.C15)(Econ,
6/23/07, p.96)
1632 Pope Urban VIII's nephew
stole two altar paintings from a provincial church and smuggled them
to Rome. The clandestine move from the central Italian city of
Urbino on the back of a mule, hid the link between the two paintings
and their creator, Dominican friar Fra Carnevale.
(AP, 10/30/04)
1632-1635 Velazquez painted "The Jester Pablo de
Vallodolid."
(WSJ, 4/16/03, p.D10)
1633 Dec 18, Willem van de
Velde the Younger, Dutch marine painter, was baptized.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_de_Velde_the_Younger)
1633 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
the "Portrait of a Bearded Man in a Red Coat." It sold for $9.1
million in 1998.
(SFC, 2/3/98, p.E3)
1633 Francisco de Zurbaran
(1598-1644), Spanish artist, painted his “Still Life With Lemons
Oranges and a Rose," later described as symbolic objects to the
Virgin Mary. It was the work that Zurbaran ever signed and dated. In
1998 it was held by the Los Angeles Norton Simon Museum of Art.
(SFEC, 1/11/98, p.D7)(WSJ, 2/21/09, p.W7)
1634 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
"Portrait of a Woman." It hangs in the Speed Museum of Louisville,
Ky.
(WSJ, 12/18/97, p.A20)
1635 Apr 16, Frans van Mieris,
the Elder, Dutch painter, was born.
(MC, 4/16/02)
1635-1637 Rembrandt Harmenszoom van Rizn
(Rijn)(1606-1669), Dutch painter, painted "Two Studies of Saskia
Asleep."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(WSJ, 10/1/96,
p.A20)
1636 Rembrandt van Rijn made
his etching "Self-portrait with Saskia."
(HT, 5/97, p.60)
1636 Peter Paul Rubens painted
“Aurora and Cephalus.”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
c1637-1638 Peter Paul Rubens painted “The
Elevation of the Cross.”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
1638 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
the "Portrait of Willem Bartolsz Ruyter," a Dutch actor.
(SFC, 10/12/96, p.E3)
1640 May 30, Peter Paul Rubens
(b.1577), Flemish painter, died in Antwerp.
(www.newadvent.org/cathen/13214c.htm)(Econ,
5/15/04, p.81)
1640 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
his "Portrait of a Man Seated in an Armchair" about this time.
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1642 May 6, Frans Francken, the
Younger, Flemish painter, died on 61st birthday.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1642 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
"Night Watch."
(WSJ, 3/904, p.D8)
1648 Van Ruisdael painted
"Dunes at Haarlem." His work this year also included his print
"Christ Preaching (The Hundred Guilder Print).
(SFEC, 9/3/00, p.T7)(WSJ, 3/904, p.D8)
1648 The French Royal Academy
of Painting and Sculpture was founded.
(AM, 7/05, p.54)
1649 Salomon van Ruysdael
(1602-1670), Dutch landscape artist, created his painting “Ferry on
a River.”
(WSJ, 7/2/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruisdael)
1649 Alessandro Turchi
(b.1578), Italian painter, died in Rome. His work included “The
Lamentation Over the Dead Christ” (1617).
(http://gallery.euroweb.hu/html/t/turchi/)
1653 Rembrandt painted his
"Aristotle With a Bust of Homer."
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1654 Jacob van Loo painted "An
Allegory of Venus and Cupid as Lady World and Homo Bulla." It hangs
in the Speed Museum of Louisville, Ky.
(WSJ, 12/18/97, p.A20)
1654 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
a portrait of poet-businessman Jan Six, one of the richest
Amsterdammers of his time. His work this year also included "A Woman
Bathing in a Stream" and "Flora." His work this year also included
the etching and drypoint “The Descent From the Cross by Torchlight.”
(WSJ, 6/19/00, p.A42)(WSJ, 3/904, p.D8)(SFC,
1/28/06, p.E4)(Econ, 6/23/07, p.96)
1654-1656 Rembrandt van Rijn painted a medallion
portrait of Muhammed Adil Shah of Bijapur.
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.16)(SFC, 2/7/98, p.E8)
1655 Rembrandt painted "Polish
Rider."
(WSJ, 12/5/96, p.A16)
1655 Jan Steen painted "A
Burgher of Delft and His Daughter." In 2004 it sold for $14.6
million to the Dutch National Museum.
(SFC, 4/4/01, p.C1)(SFC, 8/21/04, p.E12)
1655 Vermeer painted his Saint
Praxedis. [see Vermeer, 1632-1675]
(WSJ, 11/15/95, p.A-20)
1655 Pieter de Hooch moved to
Delft and painted there for 5 years.
(WSJ, 7/20/01, p.W11)
1655-1660 Rembrandt painted his picture called
"The Auctioneer."
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1656 Jul 26, Rembrandt declared
he is insolvent.
(MC, 7/26/02)
1656 Vermeer created his
painting "The Procuress."
(WSJ, 11/15/95, p.A-20)
1658 Vermeer (1632-1675), Dutch
artist, completed his painting “The Milkmaid” about this time.
(Econ, 9/19/09, p.98)
1659 Rembrandt Harmenszoom van
Rizn (Rijn) (1606-1669), Dutch painter, made "Jupiter and Antiope"
(1659).
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(WSJ, 10/1/96,
p.A20)
1660 Aug 6, Diego Rodriguez de
Silva Velasquez (b.1599), Spanish court painter, died.
(WSJ, 2/24/00, p.A16)(MC, 8/6/02)
1660 Rembrandt painted "The Old
Woman Cutting Her Nails" about this time.
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1662 Apr 20, Gerard Terborch,
the elder, painter, died.
(MC, 4/20/02)
1662 Rembrandt depicted himself
in a painting as the fifth-century Greek painter Zeuxis. His work
this year also included “The Syndics of the Clothmakers' Guild.”
(WSJ, 8/11/99, p.A16)(Econ, 6/23/07, p.96)
1663 Rembrandt depicted himself
as a bit player in his painting "The Raising of the Cross."
(WSJ, 8/11/99, p.A16)
1664 Apr 4, Adam Willaerts,
Dutch seascape painter, died.
(MC, 4/4/02)
c1665 Gerrit Dou, Dutch artist,
painted "Woman at the Clavichord" and a "Self-Portrait" in which he
resembled Rembrandt.
(WSJ, 5/24/00, p.A24)
1665 Jacob van Ochtervelt
(1634-1682), Dutch artist, painted his “Street Musicians in the
Doorway of a House.”
(WSJ, 1/30/09,
p.W2)(http://wwar.com/masters/o/ochtervelt-jacob.html)
1666 Franz Hals (b.1581?),
painter, died in the Oudemannenhuis almshouse in Haarlem. The
almshouse later became the Frans Hals Museum.
(SFEC, 9/3/00, p.T7)
1666 Pier Francesco Mola
(b.1612), Italian Baroque artist, died in Rome.
(http://wwar.com/masters/m/mola-pier_francesco.html)
1667 Apr 9, 1st public art
exhibition (Palais Royale, Paris).
(MC, 4/9/02)
1668 Charles Alphonse Dufresnoy
(b.1611), French artist, died. His work included the painting “The
Death of Socrates” (1650).
(WSJ, 11/24/07, p.W8)
1669 Oct 4, Rembrandt H. van
Rijn (b.1606), painter and etcher (Steel Masters, Night Watch),
died. In 1999 Simon Schama published the biography "Rembrandt's
Eyes."
(WSJ, 11/24/99, p.A16)(MC, 10/4/01)
1673 Mar 28, Adam Pijnacker
(51), Dutch landscape painter, etcher, was buried.
(MC, 3/28/02)
1674 Mar 6, Johann Paul Schor
(58), German baroque painter, died.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1676 Jeong Seon (d.1759),
Korean landscape painter, was born.
(www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2009/10/148_51861.html)
1679 Apr 17, John van Kessel
(53), Flemish painter, died.
(MC, 4/17/02)
1682 Apr 3, Esteban Murillo
(b.1617), Spanish painter, died. Some of his mid-century work in
Seville portrayed the effects of the Plague that killed 50% of the
population in 4 months.
(WSJ, 4/9/02, p.D19)(MC, 4/3/02)
1682 Nov 23, Claude Lorrain,
French painter (also known as Claude Gelée), died. His birth
is variously noted from 1600-1604.
(WSJ, 11/6/02,
p.D8)(www.britannica.com/eb/article-9024243/Claude-Lorrain)
1683-1707 Adriaen Coorte (b.1665), a Dutch Golden
Age painter of still lifes, signed his work during this period. His
work included “Still Life With Sea Shells” (1698).
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriaen_Coorte)
1696 Mar 5, Giambattista
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (d.1770), Venetian Rococo painter (Isaac's
Sacrifice), was born. He painted for the Dolfin family in the 1720s.
His work included: "The Annunciation" (c1765-1770), "Apelles
Painting a Portrait of Campaspe," "Martyrdom of St. Agatha,"
"Sacrifice of Isaac," "The Finding of Moses," "Nobility and Virtue"
(1743), "Satyress with a Putto," "Satyress With Two Putti and a
Tambourine," and "Halberdier in a Landscape." His contemporaries
included Francesco Fontebasso, Allesandro Longhi, and Louis-Joseph
Le Lorrain.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1483)(WSJ, 10/14/96,
p.A14)(SFC, 3/25/97, p.E3)(MC, 3/5/02)
1702 Omori Yoshikiyo, Japanese
ehon artist, created his work “Trailing Willows,” which depicted the
working women in the government sanctioned pleasure quarter of
Kyoto.
(WSJ, 1/4/07, p.B11)
1703 Francois Boucher, French
painter, was born. He painted "Diana."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.174)
1707 Apr 6, Willem Van de Velde
(b.1633) the Younger, Dutch marine painter, died. His work included
“fishing Boats by the Shore in a Calm” (1660-1605).
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_van_de_Velde_the_Younger)(SFC,
7/9/11, p.E1)
1709 Jul 5, Etienne de
Silhouette, French minister of finance, outline portrait artist, was
born.
(HN, 7/5/98)
1721 Jul 18, Jean Antoine
Watteau (b.1684), French rococo painter, died. His work included "Le
Mezzetin."
(WUD, 1994 p.1614)(MC, 10/10/01)(MC, 7/18/02)
1723 Zanabazar (b.1635),
Mongolia’s greatest sculptor, died.
(SSFC, 3/27/05, p.F4)
1727 May 14, Thomas
Gainsborough (d.1788), English painter, was born (baptized). His
work included "The Blue Boy."
(HN, 5/14/01)(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.579)(MC,
5/14/02)
1727 Aug 30, Giandomenico
Tiepolo (d.1804), Venetian painter, was born. His subjects included
troupes of traveling players from northern Italy.
(Econ, 4/10/04, p.72)(www.britannica.com)
1731 Luis Berrueco, Mexican
painter, painted “The Martyrs of Gorkum,” a detailed work depicting
the 1572 martyrdom of 19 Catholics in Gorinchem, Netherlands, during
the Dutch war for independence.
(SFC, 3/5/11, p.E2)(http://tinyurl.com/5s8wnz2)
1732 Apr 5, Jean Honore
Fragonard (d.1806), France, painter, was born. He painted "The Shady
Grove." Hubert Robert was a painter friend and the painting "La
Jardinaire" was painted by one or the other.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Honor%C3%A9_Fragonard)(AAP,
1964)(WSJ, 2/19/99, p.W12)
1732 William Hogarth published
his engravings of “The Harlot’s Progress.” They were wildly popular.
(Econ, 2/11/12, p.83)
1737 The French annual art
exhibition known as the Salon was inaugurated.
(WSJ, 11/19/03, p.D12)
1738 William Hogarth painted
“Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn.”
(SSFC, 4/3/05, p.F3)
1741 Apr 15, Charles Willson
Peale (d.1827), American portrait painter and inventor, was born.
His 2nd teacher was John Singleton Copley.
(SFC, 1/25/97, p.E3)(HN, 4/15/98)
1742-1803 Thomas Jones, Welsh landscapist. He
traveled to Italy in 1776 and spent 7 years there filling
sketchbooks. He later authored his "Memoirs."
(Econ, 7/12/03, p.77)
1744 Mar 13, David Allan,
Scottish painter, was born.
(MC, 3/13/02)
1746 Nicholas de Largilliere
(b.1656), French painter, died.
(WSJ, 10/30/03, p.D10)
1748 Aug 30, Jacques-Louis
David (d.1825), Neoclassical painter (Death of Marat), was born. He
painted “Madame Hamelin.” He also painted a portrait of Napoleon
crossing the St. Bernard Pass on a rearing horse. Jean Ingres began
his career as a pupil of David.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.369)(WSJ, 5/19/97,
p.A16)(WSJ, 5/28/99, p.W12)(MC, 8/30/01)
1751 Sep 13, Henry Kobell,
Dutch painter and cartoonist, was born.
(MC, 9/13/01)
1751 Pietro Longhi painted
“Exhibition of a Rhinocerous at Venice.” It depicted Clara, a
touring Indian rhinoceros owned by Dutch sea captain Douwemout Van
der Meer.
(SSFC, 3/27/05, p.E1)
1752 May 4, Pieter Snyers (71),
Flemish painter, engraver, died.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1753 Aug 12, Thomas Bewick,
artist (British Birds, Aesop's Fables) was born in England.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1755 Jul 6, John Flaxman, the
English sculptor who designed much of Wedgewood's original pottery,
was born.
(MC, 7/6/02)
1757 Nov 1, Antonio Canova
(d.1822), Italian sculptor, was born.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Canova)
1759-1761 Jean-Honore Fragonard painted
"The Lost Forfeit or Captured Kiss."
(WSJ, 11/19/03, p.D12)
1760s George Stubbs created a
painting of a thoroughbred horse. In 2003 it was sold at auction for
$3.15 million.
(AP, 7/10/03)
1767 Fragonard (1732-1806)
painted "The Swing."
(SFC, 2/7/03, p.D2)
1768 Apr 20, Giovanni AC
Canaletto (70), Italian painter, cartoonist (Rialto), died.
(MC, 4/20/02)
1760 Oct 21, Katsushika Hokusai
(d.1849), Japanese printmaker, was born. Hokusai was a master
designer of color woodblock prints. His paintings included 36 views
of Mt. Fuji done when he was 70.
(SFC, 9/24/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 11/3/98, p.A20)(Econ,
6/4/11, p.54)
1770 Mar 27, Giovanni B.
Tiepolo (73), Italian painter (Banquet of Cleopatra), died.
(MC, 3/27/02)
1770 George Stubbs, Britain’s
finest painter of animals, did a portrait of the Duke of Richmond’s
imported yearling bull moose. It was commissioned by anatomist
William Hunter (1718-1783) to see if the moose was related to the
fossil Irish giant deer.
(NH, 8/96, p.17)
1770 Francois Boucher (b.1703),
French painter, died. He painted "Diana."
(Econ, 10/9/04, p.79)
1771 Fedot Ivanovich Choubine,
Russian sculptor and painter, carved a bust of Catherine the Great.
(Econ, 12/23/06,
p.126)(http://tinyurl.com/y4ydna)
1775 Apr 23, Joseph Mallord
William Turner, landscape painter, was born in England.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1776 Jun 11, John Constable
(d.1837), English landscape painter (Hay Wain), was born.
(SFC, 4/29/97, p.B5)(SC, 6/11/02)
1778 John Singleton Copley,
American artist, painted "Watson and the Shark." The work was based
on a real life incident from 1749 in Cuba’s Havana Harbor, where
Brook Watson (14) lost half a leg to a shark. Watson went on to
become the Lord Mayor of London.
(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1779 Richard Samuel (d.1787),
British painter, sent the Royal Academy exhibition his “Nine Living
Muses of Great Britain.” The 1778 painting featured a group of
female writers and artists that included the Swiss-Austrian painter
Angelica Kauffman (1741-1807).
(Econ, 3/22/08,
p.97)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelica_Kauffmann)
1780 May 4, American Academy of
Arts & Science was founded.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1780 Aug 29,
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (d.1867), French painter, was born.
His work included the "Portrait of Monsieur de Norvins" and
"Valpincon Bather."
(WUD, 1994, p.731)(WSJ, 7/1/96, p.A11)(MC,
8/29/01)
1780 George Stubbs, British
painter, created his portrait of a poodle.
(SFC, 6/25/99, p.A3)
1783 Apr 29, David Cox
(d.1857), English watercolorist, was born. He books included
“Treatise on Landscape Painting” (1813).
(SFC, 4/29/97,
p.B5)(www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Cox_David/Cox_David.htm)
1786 Andres Lopez of Mexico
painted "Sacred Heart of Jesus."
(WSJ, 3/3/98, p.A16)
1786 George Morland painted
"The Wreck of the Haswell."
(WSJ, 9/3/98, p.A20)
1786 Tiepolo painted "The Third
Temptation of Jesus."
(SSFC, 12/17/06, p.M6)
1788 Apr 5, Franz Pforr, German
painter, cartoonist (Lukasbund), was born.
(MC, 4/5/02)
1788 Apr 15, Mary Delany
(b.1700), English artist and writer, died. She became known for her
“Flora Delanica,” a collection of 985 botanically accurate portraits
of flowers in bloom. In 2011 Molly Peacock authored “”The Paper
Garden: An Artist Begins Her Life’s work at 72.”
(Econ, 6/11/11,
p.86)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Delany)
1788 Aug 2, Thomas Gainsborough
(61), English painter, died. His work included the 1771 portraits of
the Viscount and Viscountess Ligonier and "Blue Boy."
(HN, 5/14/01)(AAP, 1964)(MC, 5/14/02)(WSJ,
12/19/02, p.D10)(MC, 8/2/02)
1791 Mar 6, Anna Claypoole
Peale, painted miniatures, was born.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1791 Apr 27, Samuel Finley
Breece Morse (d.1872), inventor and painter, was born in Boston.
Morse was a well-known painter who gained a wide reputation as a
portrait artist. He graduated from Yale in 1810 and then studied
painting in England for several years. Morse painted two notable
portraits of Lafayette, was a founder of the National Academy of
Design in 1826 and became professor of painting and sculpture at New
York University in 1832-a position he held until his death in 1872.
Morse invented the first practical recording telegraph in America
and developed the Morse code, revolutionizing communication.
(HN, 4/27/99)(HNQ, 2/26/00)
1792-1793 Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes
(1746-1828), Spanish painter, went deaf from an unexplained illness.
(WSJ, 5/10/02, p.W8)(Econ, 10/18/03, p.81)
1794 William Blake painted "The
Ancient of Days." "He formed golden com-passes / And began to
explore the Abyss." From the epic "The First Book of Urizen." Urizen
is a pun and stands for "Your Reason." On display at the Whitworth
Art Gallery, Manchester, England.
(T&L, 10/1980, p.42)(WSJ, 4/2397, p.A16)
1794 Spanish painter Goya
completed his painting “Yard With Lunatics,” the last in a series of
uncommissioned small paintings executed during his convalescence
from an illness that left him deaf.
(WSJ, 6/18/08, p.D7)
1796 Jul 16,
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (d.1875), French painter, was born. His
work included "Madame Corot" (1833-1835) and "Interrupted Reading"
(1870-1873). He led the way toward new forms of perspective and
composition that was later mined by impressionism and photography.
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(WSJ, 10/25/96, p.A15)(WSJ,
3/25/97, p.A16)(MC, 7/16/02)
1796 Jul 26, George Catlin,
American artist and author, was born.
(HN, 7/26/01)
1798 Apr 26, Ferdinand Eugene
Delacroix, French painter, lithograph, etcher (Journal), was born.
(MC, 4/26/02)
1799 Jacques-Louis David
created his painting “Rape of the Sabines.”
(WSJ, 4/6/05, p.D11)
1799 Goya (1746-1828) made his
famous etching "The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters," in which
fluttering bats hover darkly above a man dozing at his desk.
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1801 French artist Girodet
depicted Ossian, the mythical 3rd century blind Scottish poet,
before the story was exposed as a fraud.
(WSJ, 7/26/08, p.W8)
1801-1848 Thomas Cole, English born US painter. He
and Asher B. Durand became fathers of the Hudson River School of
painting and founded the National Academy of Design.
(WUD, 1994, p.288)(WSJ, 8/10/99, p.A22)
1805 Jul 26, Constantine
Brumidi, artist (Myrtle Murdock), was born.
(MC, 7/26/02)
1805 Joseph Mallord William
Turner (1775-1851), English painter and printmaker, created his
painting “The Shipwreck.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1806 Feb 22, James Barry
(b.1741), Irish-born Neoclassical painter, died.
(www.artnet.com/library/00/0065/T006539.asp)(Econ, 2/18/06, p.78)
1806 George Stubbs (b.1724),
British artist, died. His work included the publication “Anatomy of
the Horse” (1766).
(WSJ, 4/28/05,
p.D8)(www.abcgallery.com/S/stubbs/stubbsbio.html)
1806 Apr 13, Jean-Jacques
Bachelier (~82), French painter, died.
(MC, 4/13/02)
1806 George Stubbs (b.1724),
British artist, died. His work included the publication “Anatomy of
the Horse” (1766).
(WSJ, 4/28/05,
p.D8)(www.abcgallery.com/S/stubbs/stubbsbio.html)
1806 Aug 22, Jean-Honore
Fragonard (74), French painter, engraver, died.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1809 William Cave created his
painting "The Trusty Servant," a uniformed pig with a padlocked
mouth.
(WSJ, 11/26/03, p.D10)
1810 May 9, Louis Gallait,
historical painter, was born.
(MC, 5/9/02)
1811 Mar 20, George Caleb
Bingham (d.1879), Missouri painter, was born in Virginia. He
paintings included "Fur Traders on the Missouri."
(WUD, 1994,
p.149)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Caleb_Bingham)
1812 Apr 15,
Pierre-Etienne-Theodore Rousseau, painter, was born.
(MC, 4/15/02)
1813 Mar 27, Nathaniel Currier,
lithographer for Currier and Ives, was born.
(HN, 3/27/98)
1814 Oct 4, Jean Francois
Millet (d.1875), French painter, was born.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=745)
1814 Jacques-Louis David
created his painting “Leonidas at Thermopylae.”
(WSJ, 4/6/05, p.D11)
1815 Sep 9, John Singleton
Copley (b.1737), American artist, died in London.
(www.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia)
1815 J.M.W. Turner made
paintings in this summer renowned for their red skies. The
coloration was due to the April 5 eruption of Mt. Tambora in
Indonesia.
(SFEC, 7/9/00, Z1 p.2)
1816 May 24, Emanuel Leutze, US
painter, was born. His work included "Washington Crossing the
Delaware" (1851).
(MC, 5/24/02)
1818 Caspar David Friedrich
(1774-1840), German Romantic landscape artist, creating his painting
“Wanderer Above a Sea of Clouds.”
(Econ, 10/29/11, IL
p.25)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich)
1819 Jun 10, J.D. Gustave
Courbet (d.1877), French realist painter (Demoiselles the la Seine),
was born. His realistic landscapes were marked by bold shadows and
compositions fragmented by the play of natural light. This technique
was pursued more fully by the impressionists. His work included
"Rock at HautePierre."
(DPCP, 1984)(WSJ, 3/10/00, p.W16)(MC, 6/10/02)
1819 Theodore Chasseriau
(d.1856), artist, was born in Semana, Dominican Republic. He was the
son of a French diplomat and French-Creole mother.
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
1819 J.M.W. Turner (44),
English artist (1775-1851), visited Venice for the 1st time. He
returned in 1833 and 1840. His 1st oil painting with a Venetian
setting was done in 1833.
(WSJ, 3/17/04, p.D4)
1822 Mar 16, Rosa Bonheur,
French painter and sculptor, was born.
(HN, 3/16/01)
1822 Sep 6, John Constable,
English painter, painted his “Cloud Study, 6 September 1822.” He
painted some 100 studies of the sky between 1821-1822.
(MC, 3/31/02)(WSJ, 6/9/04, p.D8)
1822 Oct 13, Antonio Canova
(b.1757), Italian sculptor, died at age 64. His work included a
sculpture of Napoleon’s sister Pauline, as a semi-naked Venus
Victrix.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Canova)(Econ, 11/10/07, p.105)
1824-1860 Yanagawa Shigenobu II, Japanese
printmaker, was active. His work included the color woodcut “Kuroho”
(1832-1836).
(www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/shigenobu_ii_yanagawa.html)
1825 Apr 16, John Henry Fuseli
(aka Johan Heinrich Fussli b.1741), Swiss born British Romantic
painter, died. His paintings included “Nightmare” (1782).
(www.artnet.com/library/03/0302/T030268.asp)(Econ, 2/18/06, p.78)
1825 May 1, George Inness, US
landscape painter (Delaware Water Gap), was born.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1825 Camille Corot created his
painting "View of Rome."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1826 Apr 6, Gustave Moreau,
French painter, was born.
(MC, 4/6/02)
1826 May 4, Frederick Church,
US romantic landscape painter (Hudson River School), was born.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1827 Apr 2, William Holdman
Hunt, English painter (Light of the World), was born.
(MC, 4/2/02)
1827 Aug 12, William Blake
(b.1757), English visionary engraver and poet, died. In 2001 G.E.
Bentley Jr. authored "The Stranger From Paradise: A Biography of
William Blake."
(SSFC, 5/27/01, DB p.73)(MC, 8/12/02)
1828 Apr 16, Francisco Jose
Goya y Lucientes (b.1746), Spanish painter, cartoonist, died at age
82 in France. He had served 3 generations of Spanish kings as court
painter. In 2002 Julia Blackburn authored "Old Man Goya." In 2003
Robert Hughes authored "Goya." See link for Goya timeline.
(WSJ, 5/10/02, p.W8)(Econ, 10/18/03,
p.81)(http://tinyurl.com/ngxt7)
1828 May 12, Dante Gabriel
Rossetti (d.1882), English poet and painter, was born. He helped
found the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti)(WSJ, 7/25/95,
p.A-10)
1828 Jul 27, Gilbert Charles
Stuart, painter, died.
(MC, 7/27/02)
1829 Jun 8, John Everett
Millais, painter (Order of Release), was born in England.
(MC, 6/8/02)
1830 Jul 10, Camille Pissarro
(d.1903), French impressionist painter, was born on the island of
St. Thomas in the West Indies. He studied as a child in Paris but
spent his early years as an artist in Caracas, Venezuela. In Paris
he became a devotee of the neo-Impressionist technique.
(WUD, 1994, p.1097)(DPCP 1984)(HN, 7/10/01)
1830 Katsushika Hokusai
(1760-1849), Japanese artist, created his famous woodblock print
“Beneath the Wave of Kanagawa” about this time.
(Econ, 6/4/11, p.54)
1830-1840 Hokusai (1760-1849) made his "Thirty-Six
Views of Mount Fuji during this decade. The wood blocks included
"Under the Wave of Kanagawa," "The Back of Mt. Fuji from Minobu
River," and "Winter Loneliness." The last was inspired by a poem of
Minamoto no Muneyuki Ason. Another series was titled "A Tour of
Japanese Waterfalls.
(SFC, 9/24/98, p.E3)
1832 Jan 23, Edouard Manet
(d.1883), French impressionist painter, was born. His work was a
major influence on the young artists who created the Impressionist
movement. His style was influenced by the Spanish masters,
particularly Velasquez. His work included the "Execution of
Maximilian," "Luncheon on the Grass," the pastel "Portrait of
Mademoiselle Lemaire," "In the Boat," "La Promenade" and "Le Journal
Illustre" (ca. 1878-79).
(WUD, 1994, p.871)(WSJ, 7/1/96, p.A11)(SFC,
8/21/96, p.A9)(AAP, 1964) (WUD, 1994, p.871)(WSJ, 2/13/97,
p.A16)(DPCP 1984)
1832 Mar 26, Famed western
artist George Catlin began his voyage up the Missouri River aboard
the American Fur Company steamship Yellowstone.
(HN, 3/26/99)
1832 Apr 15, Wilhelm Busch,
German artist, was born. He created the precursor to the cartoon
strip.
(HN, 4/15/02)
1833 Aug 28, Edward
Burne-Jones, British painter, was born.
(RTH, 8/28/99)
1833 J.M.W. Turner completed
his 1st oil painting "Bridge of Sighs and the Ducal Palace," his 1st
exhibited painting of Venice.
(WSJ, 3/17/04, p.D4)
1834 Apr 2, Frederic-Auguste
Bartholdi, sculptor, was born.
(HN, 4/2/01)
1834 Apr 15, The Honore Daumier
painting "Rue Transnonain, le 15 Avril 1834" showed the ghastly
aftermath of a civilian massacre by French government forces.
(WSJ, 5/9/00, p.A24)
1834 Jul 10, James Abbott
McNeil Whistler (d.1903), expatriate painter famous for painting his
mother, was born.
(HN, 7/10/98)(WUD, 1994 p.1628)
1834 Jul 19, Hilaire Germain
Edgar Degas (d.1917), French impressionist painter, was born. His
mother was a Creole and he journeyed to New Orleans in the 1870s.
His work included "The Millinery Shop," "Combing the Hair," "Nude
Fixing Her Hair," "Two Dancers" (c1890-1898), "Frieze of Dancers"
(1893-1898), "Self Portrait" (c1863-1865 & c1895-1900) and "Blue
Dancers" (1895). He also collected art and by the time of his death
had amassed more than 500 paintings and 5,000 prints. The collection
was auctioned off in Paris from Mar 1918 to Jul 1919. His time in
New Orleans is covered in the 1997 book "Degas in New Orleans:
Encounters in the Creole World of Kate Chopin and George Washington
Cable" by Christopher Benfey.
(WUD, 1994, p.380)(WSJ, 10/2/96, p.B5)(SFC,
10/22/96,p.E8)(WSJ,10/21/97,p.A20)(SFEC, 1/4/98, BR p.9)(HN,
7/19/98)
1834 Oct 16, In London the
Houses of Parliament caught fire and many historic documents were
burned. J.M.W. created two oil paintings of the burning of the
Houses of Parliament.
(www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/england/london/parliament/barry.html)(Econ,
9/29/07, p.90)
1836 Aug 22, Archibald M.
Willard, US, artist (Spirit of '76), was born.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1836 Thomas Cole, Hudson River
School painter, painted "The Course of Empire," a series of 5
paintings chronicling the rise and fall of a great civilization.
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1837 Mar 31, John Constable
(60), English painter, water colors painter, died. His work included
some 100 studies of the sky done between 1821-1822. In 2009 Martin
Gayford authored “Constable in Love: Love, Landscape, Money and the
Making of a Great Painter.”
(WSJ, 6/9/04, p.D8)(Econ, 3/21/09,
p.92)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Constable)
1837 Feb 12, Thomas Moran
(d.1926), American painter, was born in Bolton, England. His
paintings of Yellowstone helped persuade Congress to designate it a
national park.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)(SFC,10/15/97, p.D3)
1837 Artist Alfred Jacob Miller
(1810-1874) accompanied British Capt. William Drummond Stewart on a
hunting expedition to the Rocky Mountains. In October 1840 Miller
traveled with his paintings to Stewart's Murthly Castle in Scotland,
where a collection of his commissioned work was ultimately hung.
Miller later settled in Baltimore, Md., painting portraits.
(ON, 4/2011,
p.8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Jacob_Miller)
1839 J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851)
painted "The Fighting Temeraire," a portrait of the ship, which had
gained fame in the Battle of Trafalgar (1805), as it was towed for
demolition.
(WSJ, 8/21/03, p.D8)
1840 May 29, Hans Makart,
Austrian painter (Plague in Florenz), was born.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1840 J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851)
painted "Rockets and Blue Lights (Close at Hand) to Warn Steamboats
of Shoal Water."
(WSJ, 8/21/03, p.D8)
1841 Jan 14, Berthe Morisot
(d.1895) French impressionist painter, was born in Bourges.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.10)
1841 Theodore Chasseriau
(1819-1856), Dominican-born artist, created his portrait "Comtesse
de LaTour-Mauberg."
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
1841 J.M.W. Turner painted his
watercolor “The Blue Rigi: Lake of Lucerne, Sunrise” following a
visit to Switzerland. In 1942 it sold for 1,500 guineas (about
$94,000 in 2006 money). In 2006 it sold at auction for $11 million.
(SFC, 6/6/06, p.D4)
1842 Joseph Mallord William
Turner (1775-1851), English painter and printmaker, created his
painting “Snow Storm.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1844 May 21, Henri Rousseau
(d.1910), French painter (Dream), was born in Laval.
(HN, 5/21/01)
1844 Jul 25, Thomas Eakins
(d.1916), American painter, was born.
(SFC, 5/6/97, p.E4)(WUD, 1994, p.447)(HN,
7/25/02)
1845 May 22, Mary Cassatt
(d.1926), American impressionist painter and printmaker, was born in
Alleghany, Pa. Much of Cassatt’s early life was spent in Europe with
her wealthy family. She attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the
Fine Arts from 1861 to 1865 and worked briefly with Charles Joshua
Chaplin in Paris, but preferred working her own way and copying old
masters. She was a close friend of and greatly influenced by Edgar
Degas. He admired her entry in the Salon of 1874, and at his
invitation she joined the Impressionists and afterward showed her
works at their exhibits. Degas’ influence is apparent in Cassatt’s
mastery of drawing and in her unposed, asymmetrical compositions.
Initially, Cassatt was a figure painter whose subjects were groups
of women drinking tea or on outings with friends. After the great
exhibition of Japanese prints held in Paris in 1890, she brought out
her series of 10 colored prints, such as "Woman Bathing," and "The
Coiffure," in which the influence of the Japanese masters Utamaro
and Toyokuni is apparent. Cassatt urged her wealthy American friends
and relatives to buy Impressionist paintings, and in this way, more
than through her own works, she exerted a lasting influence on
American taste. She was largely responsible for selecting the works
that make up the H.O. Havemeyer Collection in the Metropolitan
Museum of Art, New York.
(HFA, ‘96, p.30)(AHD, p.209)(FAMSF, Mar, 98)
1845 William Sidney Mount
(1807-1868), American genre painter, created his work “Eel Spearing
at Setauket.”
(WSJ, 1/13/06, p.P9)
1846 Mar 17, Kate Greenway,
painter and illustrator (Mother Goose), was born.
(HN, 3/17/01)
1846 May 30, Peter Carl Faberge
(d.1920), Russian master jeweler and goldsmith was born. His work
includes the Imperial Coronation Easter Egg (1896-1908), an
enameled, diamond-studded golden egg about 5 inches long that opens
to reveal a 3-inch-long replica of the carriage that took the
czarina to her coronation in 1896; the rococo Imperial Catherine the
Great Easter Egg (1908-1917) and the Rectangular Box with a monogram
of tiny diamonds (1896-1908).
(MC, 5/30/02)(SFC, 5/234/96, p.D1,10)
1846 Henry Inman (b.1801),
American artist, died. He copied portraits of American Indian
leaders made by Charles Bird King.
(WSJ, 3/15/06, p.D16)
1847 Jul 20, Max Liebermann,
German impressionist painter, was born.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1847 Felix-Joseph Barrias
created his painting "Gallic Soldier and his Daughter Imprisoned in
Rome."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1847 Thomas Cole created his
painting "Prometheus Unbound."
(SFC, 1/1/01, p.A1)
1848 Alexandre Cabanel painted
his erotic portrait “Albayde.”
(SFC, 1/22/05, p.E1)
1848 Delacroix painted “Women
of Algiers in Their Apartment.”
(SFC, 1/22/05, p.E1)
1848 Charles B. Gillespie
(1821-1907) traveled to California from Pennsylvania during the gold
rush and made a number of sketches, including depictions of Sutter’s
Mill, some of which he turned into paintings upon returning to
Freeport in 1851. In 2008 119 pen-and-ink sketches and 5 oil
paintings were put up for auction.
(SSFC, 11/23/08, p.B9)
1848 Edward Hicks (b.1780)
painted "An Indian Summer View of the Farm & Stock of James C.
Cornell."
(WSJ, 11/16/99, p.A28)
1848 Edouard Manet (1832-1883)
at age 16 failed the French naval exam and after 3 months at sea
became convinced that he would rather be a painter.
(WSJ, 12/3/03, p.D12)
1848 The Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood was founded. A group of artists led by William Holman
Hunt, John Everett Millais, and Dante Gabriel Rosetti, fought
against corrupt academic art based on the work of the Renaissance.
(WSJ, 2/19/97, p.A15)(Econ, 9/20/03, p.82)
1849 May 6, Wyatt Eaton,
artist, was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1849 Gustave Boulanger
(1824-1888), French artist, painted “Ulysses Recognized by
Eeurycleia.”
(WSJ, 12/28/05, p.D8)
1849 Asher B. Durand of the
Hudson River School created his painting “Kindred Spirits.” In 2005
Alice B. Walton, Wal-Mart heiress, purchased it from the NY Public
Library for $35 million.
(WSJ, 12/26/06, p.D8)
1849 Katsushika Hokusai
(b.1760), Japanese printmaker, died.
(SFC, 9/24/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 11/3/98, p.A20)(HN,
10/21/00)
1850 Jan 29, Luigi Sabatelli
(b.1772), Italian artist, died in Milan.
(www.artnet.com/library/07/0748/T074823.asp)
1850 Mar, In Belgium artist
Antoine Wiertz (1806-1865) wrote to the government offering to swap
his largest paintings in exchange for the construction of a new
studio. Interior Minister Charles Rogier soon agreed to provide
money for a new studio that would display the artist’s work,
following his death, to perpetuity. In 1865 the state was stuck with
220 of his works.
(Econ, 7/11/09,
p.53)(www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/art/wiertz.html)
1850 Apr 16, Marie [Gresholtz]
Tussaud (89), Swiss-born maker of wax figures, died.
(MC, 4/16/02)
1850 Apr 20, Daniel Chester
French (d.1931), sculptor of the Concord Minuteman, was born at
Exeter, New Hampshire. He had his estate in Stockbridge, Mass. His
work also included the Lincoln Memorial. His Chesterwood estate
became a museum with an annual 6-month summer season. [Ph.
413-298-3579]
(HN, 4/20/98)(WSJ, 5/4/99, p.A20)
1850 Gustave Courbet
(1819-1877), French artist, painted "Burial at Ornans."
(WSJ, 11/28/06, p.D8)
1851 Dec 19, Joseph Mallord
William Turner, English painter and printmaker, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1851 Thomas Wilmer Dewing
(d.1938), American artist, was born.
(SFC, 4/11/01, p.E1)
1851 Cabanel created his
painting "The Death of Moses."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1851 Matthew Coates Wyatt
created his dog sculpture of the Earl of Dudley’s Newfoundland
Bashaw. It was a star exhibit at the British Great Exhibition.
(WSJ, 12/6/01, p.A19)
1851 Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze
(b.1816) painted "Washington Crossing the Delaware." It was later
acquired by the NY Metropolitan Museum of Art.
(SFC, 9/30/97, p.A7)(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1851 John Everett Millais began
to paint his work "Ophelia," completed in 1852.
(WSJ, 2/19/97, p.A15)
1852 Apr 1, Edward Austin
Abbey, US, painter (Quest of the Holy Grail), was born.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1853 Mar 30, Vincent Van Gogh
(d.1890), Dutch artist, was born in Zundert, Neth. His work included
"The Drawbridge and Sunflowers in a Vase," and "Harvest in
Prevance," which was done both in oil and as a watercolor. The
watercolor sold in 1997 for $14.7 mil. He produced an estimated 900
paintings and 1200 drawings but sold virtually none of them. In 1997
it was reported that more than 100 of his paintings and drawings
might be fakes. 300 of his canvasses were painted in the last 15
months of his life.
(AAP,1964)(WUD,1994, p.606)(SFC, 6/26/97,
p.A21)(SFC, 7/5/97, p.A8)(SFEC, 1/4/98, Z1p.8)(HN, 3/30/98)
1852 May 30, George Chinnery
(b.1774), painter of Asian scenes, died in Macau. The English
painter spent most of his life in Asia, especially India and
southern China.
(Econ, 6/18/11, p.91)
1854 Gustave Courbet painted
"The Meeting [Bonjour, Monsieur Courbet!]." It depicted a meeting
with his patron, art collector Alfred Bruyas (1821-1877).
(SFC, 1/22/05, p.E1)
1854 Eugene Delacroix painted
"Arabs Stalking a Lion."
(WSJ, 9/24/98, p.A16)
1854 Franz Xaver Winterhalter
painted a portrait of Empress Eugenie, wife of Napoleon III.
(WSJ, 4/3/03, p.D8)
1855 Apr 18, Jean-Baptiste
Isabey, painter, died.
(MC, 4/18/02)
c1855 Alexandre Marie Colin
painted a portrait of Napoleon III.
(WSJ, 4/3/03, p.D8)
1855 Gustave Courbet, French
artist, painted "The Studio of the Painter."
(WSJ, 11/28/06, p.D8)
1855 Camille Pissarro
(1830-1903), French impressionist, moved to France from his native
St. Thomas in the Virgin Islands.
(WSJ, 1/14/97, p.A16)(Hem., 1/97, p.124)(WUD,
1994, p.1097)
1856 May 13, Peter Henry
Emerson, 1st to promote photography as an independent art, was born.
(MC, 5/13/02)
1856 May 20, Henri E. Cross
(d.1910), French painter, was born. His real surname was Delacroix
but was changed in 1881.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1856 Francois Flameng (d.1923),
French painter, was born. He painted imagined scenes from the
domestic life of Napoleon Bonaparte.
(MT, Fall/03, p.13)
1856 Theodore Chasseriau
(b.1819), Dominican-born artist, died in Paris. His paintings
included "The Toilette of Esther."
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
1858 Jun 15, Ary Scheffer
(b.1795), Dutch-born French Academic painter, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ary_Scheffer)
1858 Utagawa Hiroshige
(b.1797), one of the greatest Japanese artists, died of cholera in
Edo. His "53 Stages on the Tokaido" Road, first published in 1863-4
as an accordion-like album, influenced French and American painters
from Paul Cezanne to James McNeill Whistler.
(AP, 6/28/05)(http://tinyurl.com/92q4b)
1859 Mar 21, The Scottish
National Gallery opened in Edinburgh.
(MC, 3/21/02)
1859 Leon Benouville (b.1821),
French painter, died. His paintings included “The Wrath of Achilles”
(1847).
(www.insecula.com/us/contact/A005594.html)
1860 Apr 6, Rene Lalique
(d.1945), French goldsmith, jeweler, glassmaker and artist, was
born. He helped mold the shape of 20th century art nouveau, art deco
and architectural ornamentation.
(SFC, 3/26/97, z1 p.7)(Hem., 6/98, p.134)(MC,
4/6/02)
1860 Apr 13, James Ensor
(d.1949), Belgian painter, was born. He became a master at dredging
disturbing, uncensored images from the depths of the unconscious.
(WSJ, 6/5/01,
p.A23)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Ensor)
1860 Apr 29, Lorado Taft, US
sculptor (Black Hawk), was born.
(MC, 4/29/02)
1860 Sep 7, Anna Mary Robertson
Moses (d.1961), American folk painter, was born in Greenwich, NY.
She began painting at the age of 78. She won worldwide fame in the
1950s with her paintings of rural American farm life.
(AP,
4/19/11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandma_Moses)
1860 Frederic Edwin Church
created his painting "Twilight in the Wilderness."
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1861 Oct 4, Frederic Remington
(d.1909), American Western painter and sculptor, was born.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(HN, 10/4/00)
1862 Mar 19, F. Wilhelm von
Schadow (73), German painter (Modern Vasari), died.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1862 Jun 30, Julian Scott (16)
sustained a hip injury during the Battle of White Oak Swamp. During
his nine-month convalescence he developed a friendship with
millionaire Henry Clark, who encouraged Scott to develop his
artistic talent. After he obtained an honorable discharge from the
army, Scott returned to the front to record the war through his art.
(HNQ, 12/20/02)
1862 Jul 10, Helene Schjerfbeck
(d.1946), Finnish painter, was born.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck)
1862 Claude Monet (22) began
studying painting with Charles Gleyre, a retired artist in Paris.
(ON, 9/06, p.6)
1862 Sanford Robinson Gifford
painted "Kauterskill Clove, in the Catskills." The 9x8 inch painting
was auctioned in 1999 for $475,500 in NYC.
(WSJ, 7/9/99, p.W12)
1862 James Whistler painted
his: "Symphony in White, No. 1: The White Girl," a portrait of his
Irish mistress Joanna Hiffernan.
(WSJ, 1/2/06, p.D8)
1863 Albert Bierstadt created
his painting "Rocky Mountains, Landers Peak."
(SSFC, 8/4/02, p.M2)
1863 Johan Barthold Jongkind
created his painting " Port of Honfleur at Evening."
(WSJ, 12/3/03, p.D12)
1863 George Richmond, R.A.,
painted the portrait "Maharani ‘Chund Kowr’ alias Rani Jindan" in
India.
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.14)(SFC, 2/7/98, p.E1)
1863 George Frederic Watts
painted "Choosing."
(WSJ, 2/19/97, p.A15)
1863 The Paris Salon des
Refuses was a group show of artists rejected by the mavens of the
official salon. The hit and scandal of the show was Edouard Manet’s
"Le Dejeuner sur l’Herbe" which depicted a happy foursome picnicking
in the woods with the two women undressed. Other refused artists
included Cezanne, Pissarro, and other impressionists.
(WSJ, 6/14/95, p.A-14)
1863-1874 This decade in France was covered in the
2006 book “The Judgement of Paris: The Revolutionary Decade That
Gave the World Impressionism,” by Ross King. He focused on the
period between two famous exhibitions, the scandalous Salon des
Refuses in 1863 and the first Impressionist showing in 1874.
(SSFC, 2/5/06, p.M6)
1864 Mar 19, Alexandre Calame
(b.1810), Swiss painter, died in Menton, France.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_Calame)
1864 May 18, Jan P. Veth
Bayern, Dutch painter, etcher, lithographer, art historian, was
born.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1864 Nov 25, David Roberts
(b.1796), Scottish painter, died. He toured Egypt and the Holy Land
from 1838-1840. His work there made him a prominent Orientalist
painter.
(SSFC, 7/24/11,
p.F7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Roberts_%28painter%29)
1865 Jun 26, Bernard Berenson,
art critic (Italian Painters of the Renaissance), was born.
(MC, 6/26/02)
c1865/6 Edouard Manet painted "The Tragic Actor
(Rouviere as Hamlet)."
(WSJ, 4/16/03, p.D10)
1866 Albert Bierstadt created
his painting "Storm in the Rocky Mountains: Mt. Rosalie."
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1866 Gustave Courbet, French
artist, painted "The Waterspout" and “Origin of the World.”
(WSJ, 11/28/06, p.D8)
1866 Edouard Manet painted
"Young Lady in 1866." The painting helped pave the way for
Impressionism.
(WSJ, 8/3/01, p.W2)
1866 Jean-Francois Millet
painted "Flight of Crows."
(WSJ, 7/12/99, p.A26)
1866 Monet created his painting
"Jar of Peaches."
(WSJ, 12/12/01, p.A16)
1867 Mar 25, Gutzon Borglum,
sculptor of Mount Rushmore, was born.
(HN, 3/25/01)
1867 May 13, Frank Brangwyn,
painter, muralist, cartoonist (Willam Morris), was born in Wales.
(MC, 5/13/02)
1867 Oct 3, Pierre Bonnard
(d.1947), French painter and illustrator, was born. He wrote that he
wanted to “show what one sees when one enters a room all of a
sudden.” He married Marthe de Meligny in 1925 and during his life
painted some 384 images of her. In 1998 John Elderfield and
Sarah Whitfield published “Bonnard.”
(WSJ, 6/24/98, p.A16)(SFEC, 8/2/98, BR
p.9)(www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_H_AseJpss)
1867 Francesco Hayez
(1791-1882), Italian Romantic artist, painted his conception of the
70AD sacking of the Temple in Jerusalem.
(Econ, 1/20/07,
p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Hayez)
1867 Claude Monet painted "The
Beach at Sainte Adresse" and "Road by Saint-Simeon Farm Winter"
while living in Normandy.
(DPCP 1984)(SFC, 1/29/99, p.D6)(SFC, 6/17/06,
p.E10)
1868 Nov 19, William Sidney
Mount (b.1807), American genre painter, died. His work included:
“Eel Spearing at Setauket” (1845).
(www.britannica.com/eb/article-9054008/William-Sidney-Mount)
1869 Dec 31, Henri Matisse
(d.1954), French artist best known for his paintings "Woman with a
Hat" and "The Red Studio," was born. His work included the "Dance
II," now at the Hermitage in Moscow. In 1998 Hilary Spurling
authored "The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol 1:
1869-1908."
(WSJ, 7/5/96, p.A5)(SFEC, 12/13/98, BR p.9)(HN,
12/31/98)
1869 Johann Friedrich Overbeck
(b.1789), German Nazarene artist, was born.
(SSFC, 1/27/02, p.C7)
1869 Gustave Courbet painted
"The Rock of Hautepierre."
(DPCP 1984)
1869 Edgar Degas painted
"Madame Camus at the Piano."
(SFC,11/19/97, p.E6)
1869 Jules-Elie Delaunay
created his painting "The Plague in Rome."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1869 Claude Monet painted "The
Seine at Bougival, Evening."
(SFC, 7/11/01, p.D1)
1869 Renoir and Monet sat side
by side and painted views of the bathing house, La Grenouillleres
and its patrons.
(WSJ, 9/10/96, p.A16)(SFC, 10/30/96, p.E2)
1869 Camille Pissarro painted
"The Versailles Road at Louveciennes."
(SFEM, 1/31/99, p.18)
1871 Emily Carr (d.1945),
Canadian artist and author, was born in Victoria. "You come into the
world alone and you go out of the world alone yet it seems to me you
are more alone while living than even going and coming."
(AP, 7/11/98)(SSFC, 9/23/01, p.T2)
1871 Mary Edmonia Lewis,
African-American sculptress, created her marble work "Hiawatha’s
Marriage."
(WSJ, 8/8/00, p.A20)
1871 Degas painted "Racehorses
at Longchamp."
(SFEC, 6/21/98, BR p.8)
1871 Edouard Manet made his
lithograph "Civil War."
(LSA, fall/96, p.21)
1871 Thomas Moran of England
was the artist on a US government expedition to Yellowstone and
painted "Nearing Camp, Evening on the Upper Colorado River." The
painting sold for $2.2 million in 1999 to the municipal art gallery
in Bolton, Lancashire.
(SFC, 1/18/99, p.B2)
1871 In France James McNeill
Whistler completed his best known work: "Arrangement in Grey and
Black: Portrait of the Painter's Mother," aka “Whistler's Mother.”
His mother, Anna McNeill Whistler (d.1881), had moved into his
apartment displacing his Irish model and sweetheart, Jo Heffernan.
When his mother died Whistler borrowed £50 to get her portrait
back from a pawn shop.
(WSJ, 5/31/95, p. A-14)(SFEC, 5/10/98, p.C6)
1871 The San Francisco Art
Association was founded.
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.8)(SFC, 5/30/03, p.E7)
1872 Mar 7, Piet Mondrian
(d.1944), Dutch abstract painter, was born. He was born in
Amersfoort, near Amsterdam. His two principal styles date from
before and after 1907. His Red Tree in 1908 reflects the stance of a
Van Gogh. In 1911 he went to Paris and quickly changed his
style in response to Cubism. He emigrated to New York in 1940. His
Broadway Boogie Woogie was done in 1942-1943. He was labeled as a
degenerate by the Nazis and was sent to New York to continue
working. He went through a number of styles i.e. fauvist,
neoimpressionist Dutch landscapes, to total abstractions in a manner
of his own that he called neoplasticism. He was a pioneer of
abstract painting.
(WSJ, 6/6/95, p.A-14)(WSJ, 10/3/95, p.A-18)(SFC,
10/4/97, p.E1)(HN, 3/7/98)
1872 Mar 25, Vito Pardo,
Italian sculptor (Columbus monument in Argentina), was born.
(MC, 3/25/02)
1872 Aug 21, Aubrey Beardsley
(d.1898), English artist (Salome), was born in Brighton.
(SC, 8/21/02)
1872 Claude Monet created his
painting: “Impression Sunrise.” In 1985 it was stolen at gunpoint
from the Marmottan Museum in Paris. In 1990 French police found it
in an abandoned villa in southern Corsica.
(ON, 9/06, p.8)
1873 Degas painted “Degas
Blanchisseuses souffrant des dent” (Laundry women with toothache).
It was stolen in 1973 while on loan from the Louvre and recovered at
a NYC Sotheby’s auction in 2010.
(Econ, 11/27/10, p.83)
1873 Repin created his painting
"The Volga Barge."
(SSFC, 11/3/02, p.M6)
1874 Mar, By the spring of this
year Claude Monet, Pierre Auguste-Renoir, Albert Sisley, Frederic
Bazille and others formed the world’s first independent artistic
association: the “Societe anonyme des peintres, sculpteurs, et
graveurs.” They gathered at Argenteuil on the banks of the Seine to
relax and paint.
(WSJ, 12/11/98, p.W16)(ON, 9/06, p.7)
1874 Apr 15, Members of the
“Societe anonyme des peintres, sculpteurs, et graveurs” opened their
first show, The First Exhibition of Independent Artists” on the
Boulevard des Capucines in Paris.
(ON, 9/06, p.7)
1874 Winslow Homer (1836-1910),
son of a local whaler, took up painting in East Hampton, NY.
(SSFC, 7/18/04, p.M2)
1874 Kramskoi created his
painting "The Peasant Ignatii Pirogov."
(SSFC, 11/3/02, p.M6)
1874 Edward Troye (b.1808),
Swiss-born Kentucky artist, died. He portrayed horses and spent time
in the Middle East in search of Arab breeding stock.
(WSJ, 7/16/03, p.D8)
1875 Jan 20, Jean Francois
Millet (b.1814), French painter, died.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=745)
1875 Sep 10, M.K. Ciurlionis
(d.1911), Lithuanian artist and composer, was born. Sep 22 is also
given as a birth date.
(LC, 1998, p.12,24)
c1876 Rodin made the original
plaster for "Age of Bronze," the figure of a naked youth.
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.46)(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1876 Edward Mitchell Bannister,
African-American artist, won a 1st place prize at the Centennial
Exposition in Philadelphia, but was turned away from the exhibition
hall when he went to collect his medal.
(WSJ, 8/8/00, p.A20)
1876 Degas painted "Absinthe."
(WSJ, 1/22/99, p.W8)
1876 Jean-Leon Gerome painted
"Solomon's Wall, Jerusalem."
(WSJ, 2/5/99, p.W12)
1876 Winslow Homer (1836-1910)
painted "Gloucester Harbor." In 1997 it hung at the Nelson Atkins
Museum of Art in Kansas City. He also did "The Cotton Pickers" in
this year and completed “Breezing Up (A Fair Wind).”
(WSJ, 11/10/97, p.B6)(SFC, 8/18/01, p.B1)(WSJ,
8/12/06, p.P14)
1876 Monet painted "Dans La
Prairie." It was expected to sell for $16-20 million in 1999. He
also did "La Repos Dans le Jardin" this year.
(WSJ, 11/5/99, p.W16)(WSJ, 5/3/02, p.W12)
1876 Pierre-Auguste Renoir
painted "The Garden of the Rue Cortot" at what is now the Montmartre
museum in Paris. He also did a portrait of Alfred Sisley about this
time. His work "At the Theater" (La Premiere Sortie) was also begun
and completed the next year.
(SFEC, 6/22/97, p.T11)(DPCP 1984)(WSJ, 8/13/99,
p.W10)
1876 The 2nd Impressionist
exhibition opened in Paris featuring Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste
Renoir, Edgar Degas and Berthe Morisot.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.9)
1877 Jun 3, Raoul Dufy, French
Fauvist painter (Palm), was born.
(MC, 6/3/02)
1877 Harrison Fisher,
illustrator, was born in Brooklyn. In 1895 he began working as a
staff artist for the SF Morning Call. He later became known as "The
Father of a Thousand Girls." In 1908 he published the 1st of his 9
books illustrating idealized women.
(SSFC, 5/25/03, p.I4)
1877 Cezanne painted "Mme.
Cezanne in a Red Armchair."
(WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)
1877 Gustave Caillebotte French
impressionist painter, painted his "Paris Street: Rainy Day." [see
1848-1894, Caillebotte]
(WSJ, 2/23/95, p.A-10)(SSFC, 11/16/03, BR p.6)
1877 Cezanne painted "Mme.
Cezanne in a Red Armchair."
(WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)
1877 Celestino Gilardi painted
"A Visit to the Gallery." It was a scene of young women viewing a
nude sculpted goddess.
(MT, Spg. ‘97, p.20)
1877 Winslow Homer painted
"Backgammon," a watercolor genre scene.
(SFC, 6/18/97, p.E4)
1877 Claude Monet painted "Old
St. Lazare Station, Paris." He did a series of these and captured
the atmospheric effects of steam and light through the glass roof of
the train shed.
(DPCP 1984)
1877 Evelyn De Morgan created
her painting "Cadmus and Marmonia."
(WSJ, 10/16/02, p.D8)
1877 John Roddam Spencer
Stanhope, member of Britain’s Aesthetic Movement, painted "Love and
the Maiden."
(SFC, 2/4/03, p.D2)
1877 The Grosvenor Gallery
opened in London as an alternative showplace for painters ignored by
the Royal Academy.
(SFC, 2/4/03, p.D2)
1877 James McNeil Whistler
completed his interior room “Harmony in Blue and Gold” better known
as the Peacock Room. The 2-year project was his transformation of
the London dining room of shipping magnate Frederick Leyland. The
room was later transported to the Smithsonian’s Freer Gallery. In
1998 Linda Merrill authored “The Peacock Room: A Cultural
Biography.”
(WSJ, 9/15/07, p.W16)
1878 Nov 25, In London a trial
opened to hear the suit of James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903)
against critic John Ruskin for libel. After a 2-day hearing the jury
found Ruskin guilty and awarded Whistler one farthing, a quarter of
a penny. Whistler later authored “The Gentle Art of Making Enemies”
(1890).
(www.abcgallery.com/W/whistler/whistlerbio.html)(ON, 4/03, p.9)
1878 The Thomas Eakins
(1844-1916) painting "The Gross Clinic" was bought for $200 by
Thomas Jefferson University, a medical and health sciences school in
Philadelphia. In 2006 The National Gallery of Art agreed to buy the
painting for a record $68 million, however the deal was matched by
local institutions and the painting remained in Philadelphia.
(AP, 11/11/06)(WSJ, 12/26/06, p.D8)
1879 Jul 7, George Caleb
Bingham (b.1811), artist and legislator, died in Kansas City, Mo.
His paintings included “The Jolly Flatboatmen,” which became a
best-seller in 1846 after it was chosen by the American Art Union
for its annual engraving.
(WSJ, 11/3/07,
p.W16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Caleb_Bingham)
1879 Sep, James McNeill
Whistler (1834-1903), artist, arrived in Venice following a lawsuit
against critic John Ruskin that awarded him a single farthing.
(SFC, 2/15/03, p.D5)
1879 Dec 18, Paul Klee
(d.1940), Swiss abstract painter best known for The Mocker Mocked,
was born.
(HN, 12/18/98)
1880 Hans Hofmann (d.1966),
abstract artist, was born and raised in Munich, Germany. He lived in
Paris from 1904-1914 and moved to the US in 1931.
(SFC, 7/31/01, p.B5)(WSJ, 1/15/04, p.D8)
1881 May 24, Samuel Palmer
(b.1805), English painter and printmaker, died. He was a leading
light in a brotherhood of painters called the “Ancients,” for their
preference of archaic Gothic architecture. In 2011 Rachel
Campbell-Johnston authored “Mysterious Wisdom: the Life and Work of
Samuel Palmer.”
(Econ, 6/25/11,
p.98)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Palmer)
1881 Oct 25, Pablo Picasso
(d.1973), painter and sculptor, was born in Malaga, Spain. He worked
in France and a painter and sculptor. Francoise Gilot was the mother
of 2 of his children. His work includes “Gilot,” and “Self-Portrait
with a Palette” (1906). He immortalized the French apéritif
Pernod by including it in many paintings. “Picasso and Dora” was
written by James Lord.
(SFC, 7/14/96, p.C11)(SFC, 8/14/96, zz-1 p.4)
(WSJ, 9/30/96, p.A14)(HN, 10/25/98)
1881 Dec, German-born
illustrator Thomas Nast made his familiar illustration of "Merry Old
Santa Claus" in Harper's Weekly.
(HNPD, 12/25/99)
1881 Claude Monet painted his
landscape "Paysage Dans L’Ile Saint Martin." It later ended up in
the corporate collection of Reader’s Digest.
(WSJ, 11/13/98, p.W16)
1881 Pierre-Auguste Renoir
painted "On the Terrace," a picture of a young woman and a
pink-cheeked child with the Seine in the background.
(DPCP 1984)
1881 Rodin sculpted his "Eve."
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.46)
1881 Anton Romako (Vienna)
painted "Girl on a Swing (Olga van Wassermann)."
(SFC, 8/29/01, p.E5)
1881 In Japan Shibata Zeshin
made a book of lacquer paintings on paper, a medium that he alone
mastered.
(WSJ, 2/5/98, p.A20)
1881-1882 Although Pierre-Auguste Renoir embraced
Impressionism early on. His travels to Algeria, Italy, and Provence
from 1881-82 led him to reject the style. Renoir came from a family
of artisans, who soon noticed and encouraged his aptitude for
painting. When Renoir decided to study painting in earnest, he found
himself stifled by the conventions and traditions of the day. Renoir
and some of his fellow students (Frédéric Bazille,
Claude Monet and Alfred Sisley) began meeting with young painters
Paul Cézanne and Camille Pissarro and a style developed.
Although critical and financial success did not come to the group
with the first Impressionist exposition of 1874, Renoir’s interest
in the human figure (as opposed to landscapes) led him to receive
several portrait commissions. The trips in the early 1880s exposed
him to elements of classicism that he felt drawn to in terms of both
color and brushstrokes. However, despite his newfound interest, he
retained the use of vibrant coloration and a bucolic view of nature.
(HNQ, 5/23/01)
1882 Mar 19, Gaston Lachaise
(d.1935), Franco-American sculptor (Standing Woman), was born.
(SFC, 2/2/02, p.D1)(MC, 3/19/02)
1882 May 13, Georges Braque
(d.1963, French cubist painter, was born in Argenteuil, near Paris.
He said of his work that: "The aim is not to reconstitute an
anecdotal fact, but to constitute a pictorial fact." He was shot in
the head during WW I and had his head drilled to relieve the
pressure. His "Billiard Tables" series was painted between 1944 and
1949.
(V.D.-H.K.p.359-360)(AHD, 1971, p.160)(WSJ,
5/7/97, p.A16)(MC, 5/13/02)
1882 Jul 22,
Edward Hopper (d.1967), American artist (Nighthawks), born in Nyack,
N.Y.
(www.fact-index.com)
1882 Elie Nadelman (d.1946),
Polish-born sculptor, was born. He moved to Paris in 1904 and to the
US in 1914 with the support of Helena Rubenstein. His work included
"The Dancer" (1920-1924).
(WSJ, 5/15/03, p.D8)
1882 Claude Monet painted "The
Cliff Walk (Pourville)." His series of seaside cliff scenes are
among his most dramatic paintings. The series included "Fisherman's
Cottage on the Cliffs at Varengeville."
(DPCP 1984)
1882 John Singer Sargent (26)
painted "The Sulphur Match" and "The Daughters of Edward Boit." He
also completed "El Jaleo," the mural-scale depiction of a Spanish
dancer.
(WSJ, 2/23/99, p.A20)(WSJ, 8/5/99, p.A16)
1882 Vincent Van Gogh painted
"The Wounded Veteran.'
(WSJ, 3/14/00, p.A28)
1883 Mar 30, Jo Davidson,
American sculptor, was born.
(HN, 3/30/98)
1884 Jul 12, Amadeo Modigliani,
painter and sculptor (Reclining Nude), was born in Italy.
(HN, 7/12/01)(MC, 7/12/02)
1884 Chauncy Bradley Ives
created his sculpture "Undine."
(SFC, 4/11/01, p.E8)
1884 Claude Monet painted
"Corniche of Monaco."
(WSJ, 8/26/97, p.A1)
1884 Claude Monet painted
"Bordighera." It was done on the French Riviera to which he returned
after a visit there with Renoir in late 1883. The paintings were
marked by bold, pure color in contrast to his earlier subdued
pastels.
(DPCP 1984)
1884 Berthe Morisot (1841-1895)
painted the impressionist work "En Bateau sur le Lac de Boulogne."
It was valued in 1998 at $600-800 thousand.
(SFC, 2/14/98, p.A1)(SFC, 5/23/98, p.A19)
1884 French artist Paul
Philippoteaux (1846-1923) and team of 20 created in Paris the
massive Cyclorama painting titled “The Battle of Gettysburg.” It was
originally 377 feet in circumference. They then shipped it to the
US, where it was first displayed in Boston. The US National Park
Service acquired it in 1942. In 2008 a 5-year, $15 million
restoration project was completed and it was reopened to the public
at the Gettysburg National Military Park in Gettysburg, Pa.
(SSFC, 9/28/08,
p.E2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Philippoteaux)
1884 John Singer Sargent
painted "Madame X." It was a portrait of Mme. Pierre Gautreau. The
painting was initially called monstrous and prompted Sargent to move
from Paris to the US.
(WSJ, 2/23/99, p.A20)(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1884 Georges Seurat, French
artist, painted "Bathers at Asnieres." He also began his 7x10 foot
painting “Study for A Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jatte.” The work
was completed in 1886 and heralded as a milestone of art theory.
(WSJ, 6/19/00, p.A44)(WSJ, 7/20/04, p.A1)(SFC,
9/24/10, p.F5)
1884 The Salon des independents
in France had no jury and gave no prizes, but all the entries were
exhibited. This salon marked the last formal exhibition of
Impressionist paintings.
(Calg. Glen., 1996)
1885 May, Henri Rousseau
(1844-1910), a self-taught artist, exhibited two of his paintings at
the Salon of French Art in Paris without bothering to obtain
permission. One painting was cut with a knife and authorities
removed them as soon as they were noticed. That same month he
exhibited his work at the Salon of the Independents.
(ON, 8/08, p.8)
1885 Cezanne painted his
watercolor of "Madame Cezanne with hydrangeas." His painting “the
Bather” (Le Grand Baigneur) was also done about this time.
(WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)(WSJ, 3/29/08, p.W18)
1885 Berthe Morisot (d.1895),
French Impressionist, painted her self portrait.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.29)
1885 Charles Rollo Peters
painted “Italian Fisherman’s Wharf,” a scene of the congested SF
harbor.
(SFC, 5/30/01, p.E3)
1886 The last impressionist
exhibition was held in France.
(SFC, 10/22/96, p.E8)
1886 French artist Jean-Leon
Gerome painted "The First Kiss of the Sun."
(WSJ, 2/5/99, p.W12)
1886 Henri Fantin-Latour
painted "Vase With Autumn Asters."
(SFC, 1/18/99, p.B1)
1886 French sculptor Auguste
Rodin created his marble sculpture "The Kiss."
(WSJ, 7/5/96, p.A5)
1886 Paul Durand-Ruel, a Paris
art dealer, packed his bag with 300 Impressionist paintings and took
them to sell in America.
(Econ, 11/28/09, SR p.13)
1886 Emile Zola (1840-1902),
French author, wrote "The Masterpiece," the story of an artist in
pursuit of his vision. Zola described the horror felt by much of the
general public when presented with the work of the new
Impressionists.
(WSJ, 4/29/06, p.P10)(Econ, 5/2/09, p.85)
1886 Rene Lalique, a pioneer of
Art Nouveau style, set up his own jewelry workshop in Paris, France.
He had already apprenticed under Louis Aucoq and worked for Cartier,
Boucheron and other established houses.
(SSFC, 2/4/07, p.C4)
1886-1888 Vincent Van Gogh made his Paris sojourn.
(WSJ, 3/14/00, p.A28)
1887 Feb 5, Peder Balke
(b.1804), Norwegian painter, died. He was known for portraying the
nature of Norway in a positive manner and influenced a dramatic and
romantic view of Norwegian landscape.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peder_Balke)
1887 Mar 23, Juan Gris, cubist
painter (Still Life Before an Open Window), was born in Spain.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1887 Jul 7, Marc Chagall
(d.1985), French painter and designer, was born in Vitebsk, Belarus,
Russia, as Moishe Shagal. He left there in 1907 to attend art school
in St. Petersburg. He was sent to Paris by a benefactor and
befriended Chaim Soutine and Alexander Archipenko and stayed until
1914. "From late cubism he adopted a manner of making forms and
space interpenetrate." His work included "Les Amoureux" (The Lovers
- 1916), a portrait of himself and his wife. In 1996 it sold for
$4.2 mil. In 1997 Mikhail Guerman published "Marc Chagall: The Land
of My Heart - Russia."
(SFC,7/2/96,p.E3)(WSJ,10/8/96,p.A20)(SFEC,12/797,Par p.6)(HN,
7/7/01)
1887 Jul 28, Marcel Duchamp
(d.1968), French artist, was born. He is known best for "Nude
Descending a Staircase," (1912) featured in the 1913 Armory Show in
New York. Arturo Schwarz published his complete works in 1969 with a
new edition in 1997. In 1996 Calvin Tompkins wrote "Duchamp: A
Biography."
(V.D.-H.K.p.361)(WSJ, 12/18/96, p.A18)(HN,
7/28/01)
1887 Van Gogh painted "The
Courtesan." It was inspired by an 1820 work by the Japanese artist
Keisai Eisen who pictured an intricately coifed woman that later
appeared on the cover of a French magazine
(SFC, 11/16/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)
1887 Aloys Zötl (b.1831),
Austrian naïve artist, died. Zotl’s paintings included "The
Rhinoceros."
(WSJ, 4/9/03, p.D10)
1888 Oct-1888 Dec, Vincent van
Gogh shared a 4-room house in Arles, France, with Paul Gauguin. In
December Van Gogh cut off his ear with a razor during a quarrel with
painter Paul Gauguin, who then fled to Paris. They never saw each
other again.
(Econ, 4/29/06, p.89)
1888 McKendree Robbins Long
(d.1976), Southern gothic painter and evangelical preacher, was born
in Statesville, NC.
(SFC, 7/6/02, p.D6)
1888 James Ensor, Belgian
artist, painted "Christ's Entry into Brussels in 1889." It was later
acquired by the Getty Museum.
(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)(SFEM, 10/17/99, p.11)
1888 Vincent van Gogh painted
the "Portrait of a Young Man in a Cap." The painting later went up
for auction for as much as $8 mil. Van Gogh also painted his "Boats
at Saintes-Maries," "The Bedroom," "Self Portrait as an Artist,"
"Postman Joseph Roulin," and "Le Pont de Trinquetaille" in this
year. In 1990 Robert Altman directed a film titled "Vincent and
Theo" about Van Gogh and his brother.
(WSJ, 4/27/95, p.C-18)(WSJ, 11/10/95, p.
A-10)(SFC, 4/13/96, p.E3)(SFC, 1/14/98, p.D3)(SFEC, 10/25/98, Z1
p.12)(WSJ, 9/3/99, p.W10)(WSJ, 9/24/99, p.W9)
1888 John Singer Sargent
painted the portrait of Isabella Stewart Gardner titled "Mrs. Jack."
(WSJ, 8/5/99, p.A16)
1888 Rudolph Swoboda painted
"The Munshi Abdul Karim," a portrait of Queen Victoria's favorite
servant after the death of Hohn Brown.
(WSJ, 11/26/03, p.D10)
1889 Apr 15, Thomas Hart Benton
(d.1975), painter, muralist, was born in Missouri.
(HN,
4/15/98)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_%28painter%29)
1889 Jul 13, Vincent van Gogh
painted "Moonrise." The exact date was determined in 2003 by a
physicist using a computer and moon data from the painting.
(SFC, 7/16/03, p.D2)
1889 Dec 23, Vincent van Gogh
sliced his left ear in reaction to Gauguin’s announcement that he
was leaving Arles for Paris.
(Econ, 11/5/11, p.103)
1889 Van Gogh painted "The
Gardener," while a patient in St. Remy-de-Provence as well as
“Starry Night.” He also did "Wheatfield with a Reaper" and "Crab on
Its Back" in this year.
(SFC, 5/21/98, p.A14)(SFC, 1/18/99, p.B1)(WSJ,
8/14/01, p.A12)(WSJ, 10/18/08, p.W12)
1890 cJun, Van Gogh painted his
Portrait of Dr. Gachet. He described the painting in detail to his
brother and sister. A 2nd portrait of Dr. Gachet, held by the Musee
d'Orsay is a variant of the first and is suspected to be unfinished
by Van Gogh and completed by someone else.
(WSJ, 2/16/99, p.A20)
1890 Jul 27, Artist Vincent van
Gogh shot himself in Auvers-sur-Oise, France. He survived the
impact, but not realizing that his injuries were to be fatal, he
walked back to the Ravoux Inn. He died 2 days later.
(Econ, 10/31/09,
p.95)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh)
1890 Jul 29, Artist Vincent van
Gogh died 2 days following a self-inflicted gunshot wound in
Auvers-sur-Oise, France, while painting "Wheatfield with Crows." He
spent his last 70 days in the care of Dr. Gachet and 78 paintings
have been attributed to this period. Earlier in the year he painted
his "Garden at Auvers." In 2009 his letters were published in a
6-volume edition titled: Vincent Van Gogh: The Letters.” Earlier
editions had appeared in 1914 and 1958. In 2011 Steven Naifeh and
Gregory White Smith authored “Van Gogh: The Life.”
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)(SFC, 5/26/96, Z1 p.2)(WSJ,
2/16/99, p.A20)(AP, 7/29/07)(Econ, 10/31/09, p.95)(Econ, 11/5/11,
p.102)
1890 Aug 27, Man Ray (d.1976)
was born as Emmanuel Radinski in Philadelphia, Pa. A painter and
photographer, he and Marcel Duchamp founded the Dadaism movement.
(Reuters, 8/28/01)
1890 Henri Rousseau (1844-1910)
brought to the Salon of the Independents his full-length
self-portrait entitled: Myself, Portrait-Landscape.
(ON, 8/08, p.8)
1890-1891 Paul Gauguin created his painting "Loss
of Virginity."
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1891 Jan 31, Jean-Louis-Ernest
Meissonier (b.1815), French academic painter, died. His painting
“Friedland, 1807,” begun in 1863, was completed in 1875.
(www.newadvent.org/cathen/10149a.htm)
1891 Mar 29, Georges-Pierre
Seurat (31), French painter (Pointillism), died.
(MC, 3/29/02)
1891 Apr 1, Painter Gauguin
left Marseille for Tahiti.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1891 Apr 2, Max Ernst, German
painter and sculptor, founder of surrealism, was born. [see Jan 24]
(HN, 4/2/98)
1891 Jun 9, Painter Paul
Gauguin arrived in Papeete, Tahiti.
(MC, 6/9/02)
1891 Aug 22, Jacque Lipchitz
(d.1973), sculptor, was born in Poland.
(HN, 8/22/00)
1891 Painter Paul Gauguin
painted his landscape “Haere Mai,” which means “Come here!” in
Tahitian.
(SSFC, 10/23/11,
p.M5)(http://tinyurl.com/3qex6r3)
1892 Feb 13, Grant Wood,
painter (American Gothic), was born in Eldon, Iowa. Wood studied at
the University of Iowa, taught there and made Iowa the focus of his
paintings. His is considered one of America's first
'regionalist' painters. His most famous work 'American Gothic',
often spoofed, is a painting of the puritanical farmer and his wife
or daughter.
(HN, 2/13/01)(SSFC, 7/3/05, p.E3)
1892 E.F. Holt painted "A
Farmyard Scene."
(SFEM, 10/18/98, p.14)
1892 Thomas Moran painted his
geological extravaganza "Grand Canyon of the Colorado."
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1892 John Singer Sargent,
artist, began his painting of "Lady Agnew of Locknaw." It was
completed in 1893.
(SFC, 3/31/97, p.E6)
1892 Alfred Sisley painted
"View of the Village of Moret."
(WSJ, 2/29/00, p.B16)
1892 In Fort Worth, Texas, 20
women founded the state’s 1st art museum with $50,000 from Andrew
Carnegie.
(WSJ, 12/17/02, p.D8)
1893 Mar 9, Edgar Scauflaire,
Belgian muralist, decorator, was born.
(MC, 3/9/02)
1893 Apr 20, Joan Miró,
Spanish painter, was born.
(HN, 4/20/01)
1893 Jul 26, George Grosz
(d.1959), German satiric artist and illustrator, was born. He
arrived in Berlin in 1911 and began drawing what he saw in a style
of expressionism and the journalistic style of Heinrich Zille. A
collection of his work was published in 1997 based on an exhibition
catalog titled: "The Berlin of George Grosz: Drawings, Watercolors
and Prints, 1912-1930."
(SFEC, 7/13/97, BR p.10)(HN, 7/26/01)
1893 Oct 6, Ford Madox Brown
(b.1821), English painter, died in London. In 2010 Angela Thirlwell
authored “Into the Frame: The Four Loves of Ford Madox Brown.”
(Econ, 3/13/10, p.87)(http://tinyurl.com/yhpg5ut)
1893 Chaim Soutine (d.1943),
artist, was born in Minsk. He studied art in Vilnius and moved to
Paris. His work is seen in 3 distinct ways: as a crude primitive, as
a master continuing in the French tradition, and as a prophet who
helped form later painters.
(WSJ, 5/14/98, p.A20)
1893 Edvard Munch (1863-1944),
Norwegian artist, painted "The Scream." The red sky in the painting
was later said to have resulted from his views of the red skies over
Norway during the 1883 volcano explosion at Krakatoa. In 2012 an
1895 version sold for a record $119,922,500 at auction in New York
City.
(AP, 12/10/03)(AP, 5/3/12)
1894 Feb 21, Gustave
Caillebotte (b.1848), French Impressionist painter, died.
(Econ, 5/21/11,
p.89)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Caillebotte)
1894 Ferdinand Hodler
(1853-1918), Swiss painter, created a painting 10 meters high for
the Exposition in Antwerp. It depicted the story of the 1865 descent
of Edward Whymper (1840-1911) after he became the first man to climb
the Matterhorn. Four of his party died. Hodler allowed the painting
to be cut up and it’s now in a museum in Berne.
(Econ, 2/18/12,
ILp.26)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Whymper)
1894-1895 Edvard Munch (1863-1944), Norwegian
artist, painted "Madonna." In 2004 it was stolen from the Oslo Munch
Museum.
(WSJ, 8/24/04, p.D8)
1895 Mar 2, Berthe Morisot
(b.1841) French impressionist painter, died of pneumonia.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.10)
c1895 Elizabeth Jane Gardner,
American artist, painted “The Shepherd David” and exhibited it at
the Paris Salon of 1895. She was the 1st American woman to exhibit
in the Paris Salon.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.28)
1895 Paul Cezanne began his oil
painting “Gustave Geffroy.” It was completed in 1896.
(SFC, 9/24/10, p.F5)
c1895 Degas painted "Jockeys."
(SFEC, 6/21/98, BR p.8)
1895 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec,
French artist, painted “The Lady Clown Cha-U-Kao.”
(SFC, 9/24/10, p.F5)
1896 Apr 2, Theodore Robinson
(b.1852), American Impressionist painter, died in NYC.
(WSJ, 10/1/04,
p.W2)(http://97.1911encyclopedia.org)
1896 Aug 13, John Everett
Millais (67), English painter, died.
(MC, 8/13/02)
1896 Oct 3, William Morris
(b.1834), English artist and writer, died. In 1995 Fiona MacCarthy
authored the biography: “William Morris.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Morris)(WSJ, 1/21/07, p.P9)
1897 Apr 3, The Vienna
Secession was founded by artists Gustav Klimt, Koloman Moser, Josef
Hoffmann, Joseph Maria Olbrich, Max Kurzweil, and others. Although
Otto Wagner is widely recognized as a fundamental member of the
Vienna Secession he was not a founding member.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Secession)
1897-1898 Paul Gauguin created his painting "D'ou
venons-nous? Que sommmes-nous? Ou allons-nous?" (Where do we come
from? What Are We? Where are we going?)
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1898 Jun 17, Sir Edward
Burne-Jones (b.1833), British painter and member of the
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, died. In 2011 Fiona MacCarthy authored
“The Last Pre-Raphaelite: Edward Burne-Jones and the Victorian
Imagination.”
(Econ, 8/20/11,
p.77)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Burne-Jones)
1898 Jul 22,
Alexander Calder (d.1976), American artist. He is considered the
inventor of the mobile as a sculpture. In 1998 Marla Prather,
Alexander Rower and Arnauld Pierre published the Calder
retrospective: "Alexander Calder."
(SFEM,11/30/97, p.10)(HN, 7/22/02)
1898 Aug 24, Ernest Narjot
(b.1826), French-born painter, died in SF. He came to California
with the Gold Rush in 1849 and became one of the state’s foremost
artists. Much of his work was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake.
(SFCM, 10/28/01, p.20)
1898 Sep 12, Ben Shahn
(d.1969), American painter (1964 Arts & Letters), was born In
Kaunas, Lithuania.
(WSJ, 12/1/98,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Shahn)
1898 A painting titled "Golden
Carriage," by Nicolaas van der Waay, was given to Queen Wilhelmina
from the people of Amsterdam as a gift. The painting was
intended to recreate the style of the country's 17th-century "Golden
Age," in which Amsterdam became wealthy as the hub of a naval
empire. The work depicts half-naked, brown-skinned women and men in
servile poses bearing gifts to an enthroned white woman.
(AP, 9/16/11)
1899 May 25, Marie-Rosalie
"Rosa" Bonheur (68), French painter, died.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1899 Paul Cezanne (1839-1906)
painted “Man with Crossed Arms.”
(SSFC, 10/23/11, p.M5)
1900 May 18, Sarah Miriam
Peale, US portrait painter (General Lafayette-1825), was born.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1900 Pierre Bonnard
(1867-1947), French artist, painted "Siesta."
(WSJ, 6/24/98,
p.A16)(www.abcgallery.com/B/bonnard/bonnardbio.html)
1900 Edouard Vuillard, French
artist, painted a portrait of painter “Felix Valloton.”
(SFC, 9/24/10, p.F5)
1901 Jun 24, The 1st exhibition
by Pablo Picasso (19) opened in Paris.
(MC, 6/24/02)
1901 Jul 4, Julian Scott
(b.1846), American artist, died alone and penniless. He had achieved
fame for his paintings of Civil War events. His work included “The
Death of General Kearny” (1884) and “The Death of General Sedgwick”
(1887). In 1997 Robert J. Titterton authored “Julian Scott: Artist
of the Civil War and Native America.”
(AH, 2/03,
p.40)(http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2943183)
1901 Jul 31, Jean Dubuffet,
French sculptor and painter, was born.
(HN, 7/31/01)
1901 Sep 9, Henri de
Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter, died at 36.
(MC, 9/9/01)
1902 May 12, Heinrich Kirchner,
German sculptor, was born.
(MC, 5/12/02)
1902 Aug 8, Jean Y.Y. Tissot,
French painter, illustrator, died.
(MC, 8/8/02)
1902 Paul Gauguin created his
painting "Primitive Tales."
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1903 Mar 20, Henri Matisse
exhibited at the Salon des Independants.
(HN, 3/20/98)
1903 May 8, Paul Gauguin died
in the Marquesas Islands. He was buried at Atuona on Hiva Oa Island.
(SFEC, 8/25/96, p.T6)(SSFC, 6/2/02, p.C9)
1903 Jul 17, James Abbott
McNeil Whistler (b.1834), expatriate painter famous for painting his
mother (1872), died.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=652)(ON, 4/03, p.9)
1903 Sep 25, Mark Rothko
(d.1970), [Marcus Rothkovich] US émigré painter (Green
on Blue), was born in Dvinsk, Russia, later Daugavpils, Latvia. His
family moved to Portland, Ore. in 1913. His work included "Subway"
(1936/1939), "Street Scene" (1936/1938), "Untitled" (1942),
"Untitled" (1942/1943), "Phalanx of the Mind" (1945), "The Source"
(1946), "Sacrificial Moment" (1946), "Number 18" (1948), and
"Untitled" (1945-1946).
(V.D.-H.K.p.362)(SFC,1/21/97, p.B1,2)(AP,
11/11/03)
1904 Apr 15, Arshile Gorky
(d.1948), artist, was born as Vostanig Adoian of Armenian parents in
Eastern Turkey. (The actual year was between 1902 and 1905). He came
to the US in 1920 and assumed a new name in admiration of Russian
writer Maxim Gorky.
(WSJ, 5/12/99,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arshile_Gorky)
1904 Apr 24, Willem de Kooning
(d.1997), abstract impressionist artist, was born in Rotterdam.
(SFC, 3/20/97, p.A1,6,E1)(HN, 4/24/01)
1904 May 11, Salvador Dali
(d.1989), surrealist painter, was born in Figueres, Spain.
(HN, 5/11/98)(WSJ, 1/25/99, p.A16)(SFEC, 7/16/00,
p.T4)
1905 Jan 18, Edward Henry
Corbould (b.1815), English artist, died.
(WSJ, 11/22/08,
p.W11)(www.corbould.com/artists/ehc/ehc.html)
1905 Picasso painted his "Boy
in a Collar." In 1995 it sold for $12.1 mil. He also painted his
"Sitting Harlequin." He also painted "Boy with a Pipe" in this Rose
Period. The etching "la Toilette de la Mere" was made. In 2004
Sotheby started auction bidding at $70 million for "Boy with a
Pipe."
(WSJ, 11/21/95, p.A-12)(SFC, 3/29/97, p.E1)(SFC,
7/29/99, p.E6)
1905 The expressionist art
group "Die Bruecke" (the Bridge) was formed by German painters that
included Erich Heckel and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner.
(SSFC, 4/21/02, p.A17)
1906 Mar, Matisse first
exhibited his 6x8 foot untraditional, pastoral canvas “Le Bonheur de
vivre” at the Salon des Independants in Paris. It was purchased from
the salon by Leo and Gertrude Stein.
(WSJ, 12/2/06, p.P12)
1906 Oct 22, Paul Cezanne
(b.1839), French post-impressionist painter, died in
Aix-en-Provence.
(AP, 10/22/06)
1906 Pablo Picasso painted the
corpulent "Portrait of Gertrude Stein" and the landscape "Gosol." In
1996 the landscape sold for $3.4 million. In 1947 it was acquired by
the New York Met. He also did "Head of a Peasant (Joseph
Fontdevila)," "Woman Combing Her Hair," and "Self-Portrait With
Palette." His colossal female nude predecessors to the 1907
"Demoiselles d’Avignon" were also done. In this year Picasso hooked
up with Georges Braque to launch Cubism.
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(SFC, 11/15/96, p.C5)(SFC,
3/29/97, p.E1)(WSJ, 4/9/97, p.A12)(WSJ, 4/9/97,
p.A12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein)
1906 W.D. McKay authored “The
Scottish School of Painting.”
(McKay, 1906, 369pp)
1906 Boris Schatz (d.1932)
founded a visionary art school in Jerusalem and became known for his
trademark white robe and pet peacock. Born in Lithuania and trained
in Paris he was a Jewish artist and occasional boxer who discovered
Zionism and abandoned the European art scene for Jerusalem, then a
Mideastern backwater.
(AP, 5/23/10)
1907 Ricardo Anckermann
(b.1842), ethnic German artist who painted in Mallorca, Spain, died.
(WSJ, 12/27/07, p.D7)
1907 Marc Chagall painted his
"Self Portrait with Seven Fingers."
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1907 Arthur Wesley Dow painted
"Rain in May."
(SFC, 9/11/99, p.C12)
1907 Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
painted the portrait "Adele Bloch-Bauer I.” The painting was stolen
in 1938 when the Nazis took Austria. Her niece, Maria Altman
(1917-1994), fought for the recovery of family paintings and won
their return. In 2006 the portrait sold for a record $135 million to
cosmetics magnate Ronald S. Lauder. Adele Bloch-Bauer (d.1925) was
the wife of a Jewish sugar industrialist in Vienna. In 2012
Anne-Marie O’Connor authored “The Lady in Gold: The Extraordinary
Tale of Gustav Klimt’s Masterpiece, Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer.”
(SFC, 6/19/06,
p.E2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt)(Econ, 2/19/11,
p.96)(SSFC, 3/18/12, p.F5)
1907 Matisse painted his "Red
Madras Headdress" which featured his wife as the model. The painting
later became part of the Albert C. Barnes collection. [see 1925,
Barnes] Matisse also painted "Blue Nude" in this year.
(WSJ, 11/28/95, p.A-12)(WSJ, 7/9/01, p.A26)
1907 Adolph Hitler (18) applied
to study art in Vienna but was rejected. A pair of his watercolor
paintings were reported in 1999 to be in Dubai, UAR, under the
ownership of the Bonyad Mostazafan foundation.
(SFC, 7/6/99, p.C3)
1908 Feb 29, The artist known
as Balthus was born in Paris.
(AP, 2/29/08)
1908 Victor Vasarely, the
father of op art, was born in Pecs, Hungary.
(Hem., 6/98, p.128)
1908 Gutzon Borglum, American
sculptor, unveiled a marble bust of Pres. Lincoln and an equestrian
statue of Civil War Gen. Philip Sheridan.
(ON, 2/11, p.10)
1908 Braque and Picasso began
vying with one another in their artwork and ended up by teaching
everyone to see the world in an entirely new way. Picasso created
his oil painting "Three Women" this year.
(V.D.-H.K.p.361)(SFC, 10/30/01, p.B1)
1908 Kees Van Dongen painted
his seated nude "The Maid’s Bed."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1908 Natalia Goncharova,
Russian artist, painted "Bleaching Linen."
(WSJ, 5/2/03, p.W6)
1908 Claude Monet made his last
trip abroad to Venice with his wife Alice and made a number of
paintings.
(WSJ, 8/26/97, p.A14)
1908 Rene Lalique was making
glass perfume bottles for Francois Coty.
(SFC, 3/26/97, z1 p.7)
1909 May 21, Sister Maria
Innocentia Hummel, artist, was born.
(HN, 5/21/01)
1909 Dec, Frederic Remington
(b.1861), American Western painter and sculptor, died. His work
included "The Fight for the Water Hole," "The Call for Help" (1908),
and "Shotgun Hospitality" (1908).
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(HN, 10/4/00)
1909 Matisse made his bronze
"Head of Fernande."
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1909 George Bellows painted
"Stag at Sharkeys," depicting a pair of boxers. He also did
"Pennsylvania Station Excavation."
(WSJ, 8/21/02, p.D8)(WSJ, 9/24/02, p.D8)
1909 Marc Chagall painted "The
Red Nude," an early work with touches of Fauvism.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1909 Adolf Hitler painted a
series of views around Linz, Austria, including the watercolor
"Mountain Chapel."
(WSJ, 7/24/02, p.D12)
1909 Henri Matisse painted
“Dance,” commissioned for the stairwell of a Moscow mansion.
(WSJ, 12/7/04, p.D11)
1909 Italian futurists
distributed their first manifesto. F.T. Marinetti (1876-1944)
published the 1st Futurist Manifesto.
(SFEC, 1/3/99, DB p.27)(SFC, 12/27/99, p.E1)
1909 The Musicalist movement in
art began with the work of Russian artist Wassily Kandinsky.
(Exc, 6/96, p.118)
1909 Picasso sculpted the head
"Fernande," the first cubist sculpture. His paintings this year
included "Femme Nue," which featured his lover Fernande Olivier and
“Houses on the Hill” (Horta de Ebro).
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.42)(WSJ, 2/12/99, p.W9)(WSJ,
5/13/04, p.D10)
1909 John Sloan, American
painter, painted Chinese Restaurant.
(WSJ, 6/6/95, p.A-14)
1910 May 23, Franz Kline
(d.1962), American painter of abstract expressionist style, was born
in Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_77.html)
1910 Sep 2, Henri "le Douanier"
Rousseau (b.1844), French customs officer and painter, died in
Paris. He had recently completed his masterpiece “The Dream.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Rousseau)(WSJ, 9/13/06, p.D10)
1910 Nell Sinton, American
artist, was born. Her work included the abstract oil "Greenhouse"
(1961).
(SFC, 6/27/97, p.C3)
1910 George Bellows painted his
sporting scene "Polo Crowd." In 1999 it sold for $27.5 million.
(SFC, 12/3/99, p.W16)
1910 Marc Chagall in his
pre-Paris period painted "The Workshop and Death."
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1910 Winslow Homer (b.1836),
American painter, died. His work "Breezing Up (A Fair Wind)" was
done between 1873-1876. His sea painting from the rocky coast of New
England captured the power of the sea on the people who confronted
it and depended on it. In 2002 Patricia Junker and Sarah Burns
authored "Winslow Homer: Artist and Angler."
(WSJ, 4/2/96, p.A-12)(HN, 2/24/99)(WSJ, 7/21/00,
p.W2)(WSJ, 1/10/03, p.W7)
1910 Alexei von Jawlensky,
Russian painter, created the portrait "Schokko." In 2003 it was
auctioned for $8.2 million.
(SFC, 11/12/03, p.D4)
1910 Vasily Kandinsky painted
his first three compositions at the age of 44, however they were
destroyed in WW II.
(WSJ, 2/8/95, p.A-12)
1911 Aug 21, Leonardo da
Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” was stolen from the Louvre Museum. It had hung
there for more than 100 years. Vincenzo Perugia, a former Louvre
employee, stole the painting. It turned up in Italy two years later.
In 2009 R.A. Scotti authored “Vanished Smile: The Mysterious Theft
of Mona Lisa.”
(AP, 8/21/06)(SSFC, 5/10/09, Books p.H5)
1911 Mikhail Larionov and
Natalia Goncharova developed rayonism (rayonnism), a style of
abstract art, after hearing a series of lectures about Futurism by
Marinetti in Moscow. The Rayonists sought an art that floated beyond
abstraction, outside of time and space, and to break the barriers
between the artist and the public.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayonism)
1911 Edmonia Lewis (b.1843),
American sculptor, died. Her work included “The Death of Cleopatra.”
(SSFC, 2/27/05, p.B1)
1912 Jan 28, Jackson Pollock
(d.1956), "Jack the Dripper", expressionist painter (Lavender Mist),
was born in Cody, Wyoming. Leader of the abstract expressionist
school of art. He filled 2 sketchbooks between 1937-1939 and another
from 1938-1941.
(AHD, 1971, p.1015)(WSJ, 11/5/97, p.A20)(MC,
1/28/02)
1912 Aug 13, Jan Peeters, Dutch
water colors painter, monumental artist, was born.
(MC, 8/13/02)
1912 Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
painted "Adele Bloch-Bauer II.” An earlier portrait Adele
Bloch-Bauer was made in 1907. In 2012 Anne-Marie O’Connor authored
“The Lady in Gold: The Extraordinary Tale of Gustav Klimt’s
Masterpiece, Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer.”
(SSFC, 3/18/12, p.F5)
1913 Phillip Malyavin, Russian
artist, painted the portrait "Dancing woman."
(WSJ, 5/2/03, p.W6)
1914 Feb 25, John Tenniel
(b.1820), English illustrator, died. He is best remembered for his
illustrations in Lewis Carroll's “Alice's Adventures in Wonderland”
and “Through the Looking-Glass.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tenniel)
1914 Marc Chagall returned to
Vitebsk and a year later married his muse, Bella Rosenfeld. He
founded a fine arts academy in his birthplace and later moved to
Moscow where he painted decorative murals for the Yiddish theater.
He later moved to Berlin.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1914 The sculpture "Large
Horse" was made by Duchamp-Villon.
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1914 Henri Gaudier-Brzeska
(1891-1915) made the sculpture "Hieratic Head of Ezra Pound."
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1914 Raymond Duchamp-Villon
made his sculpture: "Large Horse," an abstract vision of horsepower.
(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B6)
1914 Andre Favory painted his
cubist "Woman with a Fan."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1914 Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
(1880-1938), German Expressionist painter, created his “Potsdamer
Platz.”
(WSJ, 5/25/04, p.d8)
1914 Gustav Klimt, Austrian
modernist, painted "The Villa at Attersee." In 2003 Sotheby's
auctioned it for $29.1 million.
(SFC, 11/12/03, p.D4)
1914 Ludwig Meidner
(1884-1966), German expressionist artist, published his sequence of
drawings titled “Krieg,” a grotesque taste of the ghastliness of war
to come.
(Econ, 1/5/08, p.80)
1914 Jean Metzinger created his
cubist tabletop Still Life in muted shades of brown, blue and
yellow.
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1914 Stanley Spencer painted
"The Centurion’s Servant."
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)
1914 Egon Schiele (b.1990),
Viennese artist, made his "Reclining Woman With Raised Chemise."
(WSJ, 11/19/97, p.A20)
1915 Jun 5, Henri
Gaudier-Brzeska (23), French sculptor, died on the Western Front. In
1931 H.S. Ede authored “Savage Messiah: Gaudier Brzeska. In 2004
Paul O’Keeffe authored “Gaudier-Brzeska: An Absolute Case of
Genius.”
(Econ, 3/6/04,
p.76)(www.britannica.com/eb/article-9036204/Henri-Gaudier-Brzeska)
1915 Gutzon Borglum (1867-1941)
signed on about this time with the United Daughter of the
Confederacy to carve a memorial at Stone Mountain in Georgia and
soon rose to the high ranks of the newly resurgent KKK. The project
started in 1918 but was postponed by WWI and resumed in 1922. He was
fired from the project in 1925. His carving was later removed and
replaced by sculptor Augustus Lukeman. In 1927 Borglum began the
Mount Rushmore presidential memorial.
(SSFC, 9/9/07, p.C4)(ON, 2/11, p.10)
1915-1991 Robert Motherwell, painter of the New
York School. In 1997 Daiv Rosand edited: "Robert Motherwell on
Paper: Drawings, Prints, Collages."
(SFEC, 3/16/97, BR p.8)
1916 Feb 13, Vilhelm Hammershoi
(b.1864), Danish painter, died. He is most celebrated for his
interiors, many of which he painted at his residence in Copenhagen.
(Econ, 7/5/08, p.94)
1916 May 20, The Saturday
Evening Post cover featured a Norman Rockwell painting.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1916 Marcel Duchamp displayed a
plastic typewriter cover as finished work of art, a dadaist
still-life with the logo "Underwood."
(WSJ, 6/4/97, p.A16)
1916 A glass mural, "Dream
Garden," was made by Maxfield Parrish and Louis Tiffany. the 15 x 49
foot work was commissioned by Cyrus Curtis and sold for over $5
million in 1998.
(SFC, 7/24/98, p.C11)
1916 Albert Gleizes painted his
ethereal Florent Schmidt at the Piano.
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1916 Egon Schiele, Viennese
artist, made his "Reclining Woman Exposing Herself."
(WSJ, 11/19/97, p.A20)
1916 Egon Schiele painted a
view of Krumau, Bohemia. In 2003 it sold for £12.6 million.
(Econ, 8/23/03, p.55)
1916 Henry Tonk, artist, did
Studies of Facial Wounds. It was inspired by the shrapnel horrors of
WW I.
(WSJ, 6/15/95, p.A-14)
1917 Jan 18, Philip Boileau
(b.1863), Canada-born artist, died in the US. He was known for his
portraits of beautiful women, the “Boileau Girls.”
(SFC, 3/12/08,
p.G3)(www.thephilipboileausociety.com/)
1917 Jul 12, Andrew Wyeth,
painter who focused on the northeastern United States, was born in
Chadds Ford, Pa. In 1998 Beth Venn and Adam Weinberg published
"Unknown Terrain," a companion piece to a Whitney Museum exhibition
of his art.
(HN, 7/12/98)(MC, 7/12/02)(www.wyethcenter.com)
1917 Sep 27, Hilaire Germain
Edgar Degas (b1834), French impressionist painter died in Paris. His
fascination with horses was covered in the 1998 book "Degas at the
Races" by Jean Sutherland.
(WSJ, 10/2/96, p.B5)(SFEC, 6/21/98, BR
p.8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Degas)
1917 Nov 17, The French
Sculptor Rodin (77) froze to death in an unheated attic in Meudon,
France. He had applied to the government for quarters as warm as
those wherein his statues were stored, but the government turned him
down. His studio was called La Villa des Brillants. He worked with
sculptor A.-E. Carrier-Belleuse and for years spent a considerable
amount of time on decorative work for public monuments. His work
included several versions of a "Monument to Victor Hugo," "The
Kiss," "The Burghers of Calais" and "The Thinker." His famous
"Balzac" wasn’t cast in bronze until 1939. The film "Camille
Claudel" told the story of Rodin’s mistress, a brilliant sculptress
who went mad after their love affair.
(SFC, 12/4/94, p. S-8)(SFEC, 8/25/96, p.T10)(AP,
11/17/97)
1917 In France Marcel Duchamp
christened his supine “readymade” urinal as a work of art,
"Fountain," and signed it with the fictitious name R. Mutt. The
original was lost but he authorized an edition of 8 replicas in
1964.
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.A17)(WSJ, 2/18/05, p.A10)
1917 Emil Nolde, German
expressionist, created his painting "Blumengarten (Utenwarf)." In
2009 it was sold to a European art collector for an undisclosed
amount to the heirs of Otto Nathan Deutsch, a Jewish businessman who
lost it when he fled Germany to escape Nazi persecution in 1939. The
was estimated to be worth between $4-6 million. A Swedish museum had
bought the artwork from a Swiss gallery in 1967, unaware of its
history.
(AP, 9/9/09)
1917 Auguste Moreau (b.1834),
French sculptor, died. He and 4 other members of his family designed
light fixtures based on sculptured figures.
(SFC, 1/16/08,
p.G4)(www.aspireauctions.com/auction30/details/4195.html)
1918 Feb 6, Gustav Klimt
(b.1862), Austrian Symbolist artist, died. He helped found the
Vienna Secessionist art movement (1897) and was chosen as its 1st
president.
(WSJ, 7/11/01,
p.A15)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt)
1918 Jul 22, Florine
Stettheimer painted "Heat," wherein she captured the relations
between mothers and daughters with deft satire. The date is on the
birthday cake in the painting.
(WSJ, 7/18/95, p.A-12)
1918 Oct 11, Archibald M.
Willard (b.1836), American artist, died in Ohio. His paintings
included “Spirit of ’76” (1876).
(www.nationalsojourners.org/heroes.html)
c1919 Jose Clemente Orozco,
David Alfaro Siqueiros (d.1974) and Diego Rivera, Mexican painters
in Paris, decided that the revolution must be expressed in a public
art that all could understand.
(SFEC, 11/8/98, p.T5)
1920 Jan 24, Amedeo Modigliani
(b.1884), Italian sculptor, painter, died in Paris. His mistress
Jeanne Hebuterne, pregnant with his child, committed suicide 2 days
later rather than live without him. In 2006 Jeffrey Meyers authored
“Modigliani: A Life.” In 2011 Meryle Secrest authored “Modigliani: A
Life.”
(http://tinyurl.com/4l4ocml)(WSJ, 10/16/98,
p.W14)(WSJ, 3/21/06, p.D8)(SSFC, 3/13/11, p.G5)
1920 Jan 26, Jeanne Hebuterne
(b.1898), the mistress of Amadeo Modigliani, killed herself 2 days
following Modigliani’s death while carrying his child.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_H%C3%A9buterne)
1920-1950 In 2003 Bram Dijkstra authored "American
Expressionism: Art and Social Change 1920-1950."
(SSFC, 8/10/03, p.M1)
1921 Jul, Juan Miro
(1893-1983), Spanish artist, began working on his painting titled
“The Farm.” He completed it 9 months later. Ernest Hemingway, one of
his sparring partners in Paris, purchased the painting in 1925. In
1987 the Hemingway family donated the painting to the National
Gallery of Art.
(WSJ, 12/13/08, p.W8)
1922 The second largest
equestrian statue in the world, located in Washington, D.C., is of
General and later President Ulysses S. Grant. The statue of Grant,
sculpted by Henry Merwin Shrady and dedicated in 1922, stands at
head of the reflecting pool in front of the U.S. Capitol Building.
The only equestrian statue larger is of Victor Emmanuel in Italy.
(HNQ, 11/21/98)
1922 Pierre Bonnard painted
"Woman With Dog."
(WSJ, 11/17/99, p.A20)
1922 Marc Chagall (1887-1985),
Belarus-born Russian artist, authored a memoir.
(SFC, 11/19/08, p.E8)
1922 The Constructivist group
of artists in Russia issued a manifesto calling for the defeat of
art, which they regarded as the enemy of technology. Alexander
Rodchenko (1891-1956), a painter turned photographer, was founding
member of the group.
(Econ, 2/9/08,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandr_Rodchenko)
1922 Paul Klee painted his
watercolor "Little Regata." It was stolen from the Phillips
Collection in Washington DC in 1963 and returned in 1997.
(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1922 Fernand Leger painted his
"Mother and Child."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1922 Maxfield Parrish painted
his oil "Daybreak." It was auctioned off at Sotheby’s in 1996 for
$4,292,500.
(SFC, 6/12/96, p.C1)
1922 Picasso painted "Mother
and Child." [also dated 1921] Picasso originally used his wife's
body and the face of another woman and included himself. He later
cut himself out after his marriage deteriorated and began painting
his wife with a long ugly neck and angry teeth.
(WSJ, 4/27/95, p.C-1)(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1922 Reginald Arthur Borstel
(b.1875), Australian artist, died. He was known for his ship
portraits.
(SSFC, 3/27/05, p.B5)
1923 May 29, Adolf
Oberländer German painter, died.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1923 Aug 10, Joaquin Sorolla y
Bastida (b.1863), Spanish impressionist painter, died in Cercedilla.
His work included “A View of Malaga.”
(WSJ, 10/29/04, p.A15)(www.britannica.com)
1923 Aug 17, Larry Rivers
(d.2002), painter and sculptor, was born in Bronx, NY, as Yitzroch
Grossberg.
(HN, 8/17/00)(SC, 8/12/02)(NW, 8/26/02, p.9)
1923 Francois Flameng (b.1856),
French painter, died. He painted imagined scenes from the domestic
life of Napoleon Bonaparte.
(MT, Fall/03, p.13)
1924 Isaac Brodsky, Soviet
Realist, completed the monumental depiction: "The Second Congress of
the Comintern," which took place in the Uritsky Palace.
(Econ, 10/11/03, p.85)
1925 Apr 15, John Singer
Sargent (b.1856), US portrait painter, died in London.
(WSJ, 8/5/99, p.A16)(
www.artfact.com/features/viewArtist.cfm?aID=3117)
1925 Jul 26, Tyeb Mehta,
painter and film maker, was born in Gujarat, India. In 2005 one of
his paintings fetched $1.58 million.
(Econ, 9/16/06,
p.75)(www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/tyeb-mehta.html)
1925 Dr. Albert C. Barnes
(1872-1951) built a mansion to house his collection of French
impressionist and post-impressionist masterpieces in Merion,
Pennsylvania. The collection grew to some 2,500 objects and their
setup and access was highly restricted by Dr. Barnes’ trust
indenture. Barnes had made his fortune with a pediatric antibiotic
called Argyrol. By 2000 his foundation was broke. In 2003 John
Anderson authored ""Art Held Hostage," an account of the Barnes
collection.
(WSJ, 11/28/95, p.A-12)(WSJ, 7/18/03, p.W18)
1925 Chiura Obata (1885-1975),
Japanese American artist, created his scroll painting “Setting Sun:
Sacramento Valley.” He was a faculty member in the Art Department at
the University of California at Berkeley from 1932 to 1953,
interrupted by World War II, when he spent over a year in internment
camps.
(SFC, 11/12/08,
p.E1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiura_Obata)
1926 Aug 25, Thomas Moran
(b.1837), English-born American painter, died. His paintings of
Yellowstone helped persuade Congress to designate it a national
park. Moran painted "The Valley of the Cuernavaca." The painting was
stolen around 1975 from the National Museum of American Art in
Washington DC. It was recovered in 1995 at an auction house not far
from the museum. Moran was best known for works on the Grand Canyon
and Yellowstone National Park. Steven Good in Denver compiled a
catalogue raisonne on Moran and verified the above work.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)(SFC,10/15/97, p.D3)
1926 Oct 24, Charlie Russell
(b.1864), Western artist, died in Great Falls, Montana. He produced
some 4,000 works of art including a 12-by-25 foot “Lewis and Clark
Meeting Indians at Ross’ Hole,” which was hung in Montana’s Capitol.
(Arch, 7/02, p.6)(www.globalgallery.com)(WSJ,
3/16/06, p.A1)
1926 Dec 5, Claude [Oscar]
Monet (b.1840), French painter (impressionist), died at Giverny,
where he’d painted since 1883. Monet was one of the original
proponents of Impressionism and--despite failing eyesight--painted
fervently until his death. He was born in Paris, but grew up
observing nature on the Normandy coast near Le Havre. While studying
under Charles Gleyre, Monet met fellow students Fridiric Bazille,
Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Alfred Sisley. They broke with their
teacher and his conventions of painting that included, among other
traditions, the painting of outdoor landscapes in a studio. Although
he began to experiment with "series" in the late 1870s, his
trademark method only appeared in earnest in the 1890s. This
involved a series of paintings of the same subject under different
lighting and weather conditions. Monet remained committed to
Impressionism long after many of his contemporaries had abandoned
the style. In 2006 over 1000 letters to Monet were auctioned.
(SSFC, 5/20/01, p.T8)(HNQ, 5/25/01)(SFC, 12/9/06,
p.E2)
1927 Aug 10, Pres. Calvin
Coolidge took part in the formal dedication of Mount Rushmore.
Gutzon Borglum began work and the Mount Rushmore project was
completed in 1941. When South Dakota officials invited Gutzon
Borglum (1867-1941) to design a sculpture on the face of the Black
Hills, he declared, "American history shall march along that
skyline." Bor-glum’s son Lincoln (d.1986) led the completion of the
project created by some 400 workers.
(www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/texte/mount_rushmore.htm)(SSFC, 9/9/07,
p.C4)(ON, 2/11, p.10)
1928 Feb 9, Frank Frazetta,
American fantasy and science fiction artist, was born in Brooklyn.
He became noted for work in comic books, paperback book covers,
paintings, posters, record-album covers, and other media. In 2003, a
feature film documenting the life and career of Frazetta was
released, entitled: “Frank Frazetta: Painting With Fire.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Frazetta)
1928 Nov 26, US Justice Byron
S. Waite ruled in Brancusi v. United States that Brancusi’s abstract
sculpture, “Bird in Space,” qualified as part of a new school of art
and that Edward Steichen should receive a refund for a tariff he had
paid when customs officials classified it under the heading “Table,
household, kitchen utensils and hospital supplies.” Brancusi
(1876-1957) ended up producing 16 different versions of Bird in
Space, one of which was donated the New York’s Museum of Modern Art
in 1934. In 2005 an early marble version of Bird in Space sold for
$27,456,000 in a Christie’s auction to an anonymous bidder.
(ON, 8/09, p.6)
1929 Marc Chagall (1887-1985)
painted "The Rooster."
(SFC, 7/26/03, p.D1)
1929 Picasso painted "Large
Nude in a Red Armchair.”
(Econ, 11/17/07, p.99)
1929 The Academy of Advertising
Art was founded in San Francisco by Richard S. Stephens. It grew to
become the largest private art and design college in the US. By 2007
close to 10,000 students were enrolled. Stephens, art director for
Sunset Magazine, founded the academy with his wife Clara and $2000.
In 2004 it changed its name to the Academy of Art University.
(SFC, 5/22/98, p.B2)(SFC, 10/22/99, p.C14)(SFC,
3/10/04, p.B2)(SFCM, 9/30/07, p.12)
1930 May 15, Jasper Johns, Jr.,
painter, leader of the Pop Art movement, was born in Augusta, Ga. He
grew up in South Carolina.
(HN, 5/15/01)(SFC, 3/8/07, p.E3)
1930 Sep 29, Ilya Repin
(b.1944), Ukrainian born Russian artist and sculptor, died.
(www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Ilya-Repin)
1930 John Steuart Curry,
American artist, painted "Hogs Killing a Snake (Hogs Killing a
Rattlesnake)."
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1930 Edward Hopper painted
"Early Sunday Morning."
(WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)
1930 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"White Rose, New Mexico."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T7)
1930 Piet Mondrian painted his
"Composition No. 1; Composition 1A."
(WSJ, 2/14/96, p.A-1)
1930 Picasso painted "Seated
Bather," a picture of his wife seated on the beach like a kind of
sea monster.
(WSJ, 4/26/96, p.A-13)
1930 Gino Severini, Italian
artist, published Fleurs et Masques in London.
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.6)
1930 Tchelichew, a Russian
artist, painted a pastel of a beautiful, muscular dancer. For years
it was kept by writer Julien Green in Paris.
(SFEC, 9/6/98, BR p.2)
1930 Grant Wood, American
painter, completed his "American Gothic." His sister and a Cedar
Rapids, Iowa dentist were his models. It is at the Art Institute of
Chicago. Wood’s biography, "Artist in Overalls: The Life of Grant
Wood" by John Duggleby, was published in 1996. He also painted
"Dinner for Threshers" now at the de Young Museum in SF. In 2005
Steven Biel authored “American Gothic, A Life of America’s Most
Famous Painting.”
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(SFC, 6/9/96, DB
p.11)(WSJ, 11/5/96, p.A20)(SSFC, 7/3/05, p.E3)
1931 Jun 13, Santiago Rusinol
(b.1861), Spanish Catalan post-impressionist painter, author, and
playwright., died.
(http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0750803/)
1931 Pierre Bonnard painted his
Self-Portrait, "The Boxer" and "Still Life in front of a Window."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)(WSJ, 6/24/98, p.A16)
1931 Jean de Brunhoff (d.1937),
French painter, published “Histoire de Babar, le petit elephant”
(The Story of Babar, the Little elephant). He illustrated the Babar
stories which were invented by his wife Cecille (d.2003).
(SFC, 4/15/03, p.A16)(WSJ, 10/11/08, p.W12)
1931 Salvador Dali painted "La
Solitude." This became the first Dali painting to enter an American
public collection.
(WSJ, 2/2/99, p.A20)
1931 Arthur G. Dove painted
his: "Ferry Boat Wreck."
(WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)
1931 Frida Kahlo painted "Frida
and Diego Rivera." It is on exhibit at the SF Museum of Modern Art.
(SF E&C, 1/15/1995, SFE Mag. p.21)
1931 Matisse made his bronze
"Head of Marie-Theresa."
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1931 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"Horse’s Skull With White Rose."
(SFC, 7/16/97, p.E3)
1931 Diego Rivera, Mexican
muralist, arrived in SF. He painted "Allegory of California" for the
Pacific Stock Exchange.
(SFEC, 5/18/97, SF p.2)(SFC, 8/30/03, p.D10)
1931-1932 Rockwell Kent (1882-1971), American
artist, illustrator and printmaker, spent his first Arctic winter
painting and exploring in the settlement of Igdlorssuit, Greenland.
In 1935 he authored “Salamina,” a memoir of his first Arctic winter
in Greenland.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_Kent)
1932 Toshio Asaeda made his
watercolors of Galapagos fishes.
(NH, 5/97, p.12)
1932 Alexander Calder
(1898-1976) made his "Half-Circle, Quarter-Circle and Sphere."
(SFC,11/15/97, p.C6)
1932 Isaac Friedlander made his
wood engraving "The Accordion Player."
(SFC, 2/5/97, p.E1)
1932 Alberto Giacometti made
his sculpture "Femme Egorgee," (Woman With Her Throat Cut).
(SFEC, 9/14/97, BR p.10)
1932 Arshile Gorky created his
"Nightmare, Enigma and Nostalgia" series.
(SFEM, 6/29/97, p.4)
1932 Edward Hopper painted his
"Room in New York."
(SFEC, 5/11/97, BR p.1)
1932 Lois Mailou Jones, Harlem
Renaissance artist, painted "The Ascent of Ethiopia."
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.18)
1932 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"Jimson Weed."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T5)
1932 Han van Meegeren sold his
Vermeer forgery “Lady and Gentleman at the Spinnet” for 40 thousand
guilders. In 2007 this would represent about $225,000.
(ON, 12/07, p.10)
1932 Picasso (1881-1973)
painted "The Mirror." In 1989 it sold for $26.4 mil. and in 1995 for
$20 mil. He also painted "Bather With a Beach Ball" later at New
York’s MOMA. His work "The Dream" sold for $48.4 mil in 1997. His
painting "Nu au fauteuil noir" (nude on a black armchair), a nude
portrait of Maria-Theresa Walter, was auctioned for $45.1 million in
1999. His work "Compotier et Guitare" sold for $8.9 million in 2000.
A painting titled “La Lecture,” depicting his young lover
Maria-Theresa Walter (17), sold in 2011 for $40.7 million.
(WSJ, 11/21/95, p.A-12)(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(WSJ,
11/25/97, p.A20)(SFC, 11/6/99, p.B1)(WSJ, 11/10/99, p.A4)(WSJ,
5/12/00, p.W16)(SFC, 2/9/11, p.A2)
1932 Picasso’s created his
painting “Nude, Green Leaves and Bust.” In 2010 it sold for a record
$106.5 million to an unidentified buyer at a Christie’s auction in
NYC.
(SFC, 5/5/10, p.A6)
1932 David Alfaro Sigueiros,
Mexican artist, arrived in Los Angeles to teach at the LA Art School
and spent seven months there. He experimented with new industrial
tools and created large outdoor murals. His 80x18 foot mural, “La
America Tropical,” on City Hall on Olvera Street, commissioned by
Christine Sterling, was painted over following completion. Soon
thereafter his request for a visa renewal was denied. In 2006 LA and
the Getty Foundation began a $7.7 million project to restore the
work.
(SFC, 8/4/06, p.E7)(Econ, 9/25/10, p.103)
1933 Sargent Johnson
(1888-1967), a successful African-American artist in SF, made his
sculpture "Forever Free."
(SFEC, 2/8/98, DB p.31)(SFEM, 3/22/98, p.8)
1933 Marc Chagall (1887-1985)
painted "Nude Above Vitebsk."
(SFC, 7/26/03, p.D1)
1933 David Park painted
"Violinists."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)
1933 Eugene Marioton
(b.1854/57), French sculptor, died. Some sources date his death to
1925. Some 400 bronzes are attributed to him, including one titled
“Diogenes” (c.1885).
(SFC, 10/29/08,
p.G2)(http://bullrichgaonawernicke.com/R64/pag64-escultura.htm)
1933 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted his botanical "Gypsophilia."
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C4)
1933 Cao Yu (1910-1996),
Chinese realist playwright, published his first play "Thunderstorm."
In 1935 he wrote "Sunrise."
(SFEC, 12/15/96, p.C16)
1934 Apr 11, Richard A.
Garland, artist, photographer, was born.
(MC, 4/11/02)
1934 Salvadore Dali painted
"The Persistence of Memory." It attracted worldwide attention that
led to his first one man show in New York. [2nd source says 1931]
(SFEM, 1/25/98, p.30)(WSJ, 1/25/99, p.A16)
1934 Jerry Siegal and artist
Jose Shuster created "Superman," the Man of Steel, in Cleveland,
Ohio.
(SFC, 6/2/96, p.T-11)
1935 Feb 8, Max Liebermann
(b.1847), German impressionist painter, graphic artist, died in
Berlin. He was associated with several artists’ organizations
including the Berlin Secession.
(www.xs4all.nl/~androom/index.htm?biography/p011740.htm)
1935 May 15, Kasimir Malevich
(b.1878), Ukraine-born Cubist painter, died. He was a leader of the
Suprematist movement in Russian painting. He pioneered the use of
abstract geometrical elements and limited colors to demonstrate the
supremacy of expressing feelings.
(WSJ, 6/21/99,
p.B14)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazimir_Malevich)
1935 Jul 24, Mel Ramos, pop
artist, was born in Sacramento, Ca.
(www.rogallery.com/ramos_mel/ramos_biography.htm)
1935 A new marble frieze at the
Supreme Court included an image of Mohammed. In 1997 a Muslim group
complained because Islamic tradition forbids images of the prophet.
(WSJ, 3/13/97, p.A1)
1935 Sargent Johnson
(1888-1967), African-American artist in SF, made his sculpture
"Negro Woman."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1935 Matisse painted "The
Dream."
(WSJ, 10/22/98, p.A20)
1935 Piet Mondrian made his
abstract "Composition No. 3. White-Yellow." It was first painted in
Paris and then repainted in New York City in 1942.
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.A17)
1935 Picasso made his etching
"Minotauromachie."
(WSJ, 9/13/96, p.A8)
1935 A.G. Rizzoli created his
work "Mrs. Geo. Powleson Symbolically Portrayed."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1935 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted a portrait of his 2nd wife "Nude (Patricia Preece)."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B5)(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)
1935 Gaston Lachaise (b.1882),
Franco-American sculptor, died. He was a modernist and obsessed with
his wife, who inspired much of his work.
(SFC, 2/2/02, p.D1)
1936 Mar 1, Giulio Bargellini
(b.1869), Italian artist, died in Rome.
(www.comune.calenzano.fi.it/redaz/web/I/3B0241D3.htm)
1936 Mar 13, William Alexander
Coulter (b.1849), Irish-born maritime artist, died, in Ca.
(SFC, 7/4/05,
p.B1)(www.edanhughes.com/biography.cfm?ArtistID=145)
1936 May 12, Frank Stella,
painter, was born in Massachusetts.
(HN, 5/12/01)(SFC, 6/17/04, p.E5)
1936 Aug 12, Hans Haacke,
artist (Right to Life, Dripper Boxes), was born in Cologne, Germany.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1936 Aaron Douglas, a Harlem
Renaissance painter, created his work "Into Bondage."
(SFC, 1/16/98, p.D1)
1936 Helen Lundeberg painted
"Plant and Animal Analogies" done in the Dada-Surrealist style.
(SFE Mag., 2/12/95, p. 8)
1936 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"Red Hills with Pedernal" and ""Gerald’s Tree I."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T5,7)
1936 Ben Shahn painted his
gouache "East Side Soap Box."
(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)
1936 Raphael Soyer painted
"Office Girls."
(WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)
1936 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted "Self-Portrait With Patricia Preece."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B5)
1936 The first comprehensive
catalogue of Cezanne’s work was published in Paris by Italian
scholar Lionello Venturi.
(WSJ, 2/10/96, p.A16)
1936 Dorothy Lange took her
photo "Migrant Mother" for the Farm Security Administration. The
shot featured Florence Thompson (d.1983) of Modesto with her 3
daughters. In Sep, 1998 the photo was used on a postal stamp as 1 of
15 honoring the 1930s.
(SFC, 10/6/98, p.B10)
1936 "New Directions in Prose
& Poetry" was published by James Laughlin (d.1997 at 83). It was
an anthology of experimental writing and the first work from the New
Directions publishing house.
(SFC,11/15/97, p.A21)
1936 Eugene O’Neill wrote his
play "A Touch of the Poet." He later wrote: "The Iceman Cometh,"
"Moon for the Misbegotten," and "Long Day’s Journey Into Night."
(WSJ, 5/22/96, p.A-18)
1998 George Orwell wrote the
novel "Keep the Aspidistra Flying." The 1998 film A Merry War was
based on the novel.
(SFC, 9/18/98, p.C10)
1936 An edited version of the
diary of Nijinsky (1889-1950) was published by his wife, Romola. The
dancer went mad at age 29 and began his diary. In 1998 complete
versions were published.
(WSJ, 9/21/98, p.A26)
1936 Dawn Powell wrote her
novel "Turn, Magic Wheel."
(WSJ, 10/19/98, p.A24)
1936 Terence Rattigan
(1911-1977) wrote his play "French Without Tears."
(SFC, 6/23/97, p.E3)
1936 John Maynard Keynes
published "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money." It
taught that the classic model of Adam Smith was a special case and
only applied in times of full employment. At other times he asserted
that the economy needed a large and activist government to steer it
on the road of full employment. His theories played a part in
Roosevelt's New Deal which helped revive the US economy.
(WSJ, 10/9/97, p.A18)(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R20)
1936 Life Magazine began
publishing.
(SFC, 2/17/98, p.B8)
1936 Phyllis Pearsall printed
10,000 copies of her "A to Z Maps of London." She had walked more
than 3,000 miles of roads throughout the city to compile the maps
which were a great success.
(SFC, 8/31/96, p.A23)
1936 Walter D. Edmonds (d.1998
at 94) published his novel "Drums Along the Mohawk." It was made
into a film in 1939.
(SFC, 1/29/98, p.B2)
1936 Halldor Laxness, Iceland
novelist, published "Salka Valka".
(SFC, 2/11/98, p.A24)
1936 Margaret Mitchell
published "Gone with the Wind." She wrote the work from a house on
Peachtree St. in Atlanta where she lived from 1925-1932.
(TMC, 1994, p.1936)(SFC, 7/10/96, p.A4)
1936 Kate O’Brian published her
novel "Talk of Angels." It was set in 1922 Spain and was banned in
Ireland due to a sympathetic lesbian character and an adulterous
romance. A film based on the book was set to open in 1997. O’Brian
authored 11 books between 1931 and 1963.
(SFEC, 8/10/97, BR p.10)
1936 John Steinbeck published
his novel "In Dubious Battle."
(SFEC, 6/21/98, p.D6)
1936 The New York Drama
Critics’ Circle began to pick the year’s best play from those put on
anywhere in New York City. The choice in this year was "Winterset"
by Maxwell Anderson.
(WSJ, 5/13/96, p. A-16)
1936 George S. Kaufman and Edna
Ferber co-wrote the Broadway comedy "Stage Door." Kaufman and Moss
Hart co-wrote the family-farce "You Can’t Take It With You." Kaufman
also helped out, uncredited on Claire Booth’s catty, all gal "The
Women."
(WSJ, 2/9/96, p.A-10)
1936 "Ten Million Ghosts" by
Sidney Kingsley starred Orson Welles on Broadway.
(SFC, 12/25/96, p.A22)
1936 The opera "Lady Macbeth of
Mtsensk" by Shostokovich was banned by Soviet authorities. Pravda
called it "muddle instead of music."
(WSJ, 1/24/96, p.A-12)(WSJ, 4/30/96, p.A-12)
1936 Antony Tudor (d.1987)
choreographed the ballet "Jardin aux lilas."
(SFC, 9/22/96, DB p.31)
1936 Hennie Youngman, comedian,
began appearing on the Kate Smith radio show.
(SFEM, 1/25/98, p.67)
1936 Richard Strauss composed a
stately hymn for the Olympics in Berlin.
(WSJ, 4/30/96, p.A-12)
1936 Webern composed his
"Variations for Piano."
(WSJ, 6/16/98, p.A17)
1936 Basie’s small group
recorded "Lady Be Good."
(SFC, 8/22/96, F4)
1936 Bing Crosby recorded "I
Got Plenty o’ Nuthin" and "It Ain’t Necessarily So" from "Porgy and
Bess" on the Decca label.
(SFEM, 5/11/97, p.30)
1936 Marion Sumner (d.1997 at
77), mountain fiddler, made his radio debut at station WCPO in
Cincinnati playing with the Haley Brothers.
(SFC, 8/21/97, p.C4)
1936 The Palestine Orchestra
was formed. It grew to become the Israeli Philharmonic.
(SFC, 1/8/98, p.E1)
1937 May 25, Henry O. Tanner,
artist, died.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1937 Jul 9, David Hockney,
painter, was born in Bradford, England. He moved to LA in 1978.
(HN, 7/9/01)(SFC, 8/18/01, p.B3)
1937 John Steuart Curry,
American painter, began his work "Wisconsin Landscape," and
completed it in 1938.
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1937 William Gropper painted
"The Hunt." He used a setting by Breughel to depict a white posse’s
pursuit of a black mother and child.
(SFC, 2/5/97, p.E3)
1937 Rene Magritte painted "Not
to be Reproduced."
(SFC, 8/14/97, p.E4)
1937 Henri Matisse created his
painting “L’Odalisque, Harmonie Bleue.” In 2007 it was auctioned by
Christie’s in NYC for a record $33.6 million.
(SFC, 11/8/07, p.E3)
c1937 The painting "Dangers of
the Mail" was created by Frank Albert Mechau of Colorado for the
display in the Ariel Rios building of the Federal Triangle complex.
The painting depicted the slaughter of Western settlers by native
Indians and was later claimed as racist.
(SFC, 12/4/00, p.A3)
1937 Edvin Ohrstrom
(1906-1994), artist and sculptor, and 2 others developed the Ariel
technique at Orrefors in Orrefors, Sweden. This technique created a
design by trapping air bubbles between two layers of glass. In 1990
Orrefors merged with Kosta Boda AB, which in turn became part of the
New Wave Group in 2005.
(SFC, 11/19/08, p.G6)
1937 Pablo Picasso painted the
black-and-white "Guernica" mural for the 1937 International
Exposition in Paris. The Republican government commissioned the
mural painting as part of the Spanish pavilion at the 1937 World’s
Fair in Paris. Picasso managed to complete the huge work (11.5 by
25.5 feet) in just over three weeks, with the assistance of Dora
Maar. Picasso never returned to his native Spain (he had last been
there in 1934). Before his death in 1973, he directed that
"Guernica" not be returned to Spain until the restoration of
democracy there. Francisco Franco, leader of the Nationalist forces
that overthrew the Republican government in the Spanish Civil War,
remained the head of the Spanish government until 1973, dying in
1975. Economic initiatives and other reforms begun in the 1960s
helped transform Spain into a democratic constitutional monarchy in
the three years following his death. The painting "Guernica" was
returned from New York City in 1981 and is now on exhibit, along
with other 19th and 20th century works, at the Buen Retiro Palace in
Madrid.
(SFC, 4/26/00, p.C5)(HNQ, 7/18/01)
1937 Picasso painted his
"Weeping Woman With Handkerchief."
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.E8)
1937 Walter Gay (b.1856),
American painter, died. He painted jewel-box-like interior scenes of
French homes.
(WSJ, 3/26/03, p.D8)
1938 Apr, Louis J. Caldor, NYC
engineer and art collector, began purchasing the art work of Anna
Mary Moses (77), a widow living in Eagle Bridge, NY.
(ON, 8/20/11, p.11)
1938 Jun 15, Ernst Ludwig
Kirchner (b.1880), German Expressionist painter, died by his own
hand.
(http://www.the-artists.org)
1938 Thomas Hart Benton painted
"Susanna and the Elders."
(SFEM, 5/4/97, p.6)
1938 Brancusi, sculptor, had
three of his greatest works inaugurated in the Tirgu Jiu Park,
Romania.
(TL, 1988, p.111)
1938 John Steuart Curry,
American artist, painted "Parade to War."
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1938 Frida Kahlo painted "What
the Water Showed Me."
(SFEC, 9/28/97, BR p.5)
1938 Lois Mailou Jones (d.1998
at 92), American artist and teacher, painted her "Les Fetiches," an
image of 5 African masks.
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.A21)
1938 Juan Miro, Spanish
painter, completed a set of 8 etchings titled the "Black and Red
Series."
(SFEC, 1/10/99, p.T3)
1938 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted "Cookham, Flowers in a Window."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B5)
1939 Jul 20, Judy Chicago,
artist, was born.
(HN, 7/20/01)
1939 Jul 20, Joseph Mendes da
Costa, sculptor, died.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1939 Aug 13, Saul Steinberg,
American artist (The Art of Living, New Yorker Magazine), was born
in Romania.
(MC, 8/13/02)
1939 In France Pierre Bonnard
painted "The Garden."
(WSJ, 6/24/98, p.A16)
1939 A handful of Spanish
artists, including Eugenio Granell and Jose Vela Zanetti, immigrated
to Santo Domingo of the Dominican Republic and introduced the modern
art idiom.
(WSJ, 6/18/96,
p.A14)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio_Granell)
1939 Edward Hopper painted his
"New York Movie."
(WSJ, 6/28/95, p.A-16)
1939 Sargent Johnson
(1888-1967), African-American artist in SF, made his glazed ceramic
"Hippopotamus."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1939 Picasso painted "The
Yellow Sweater." It later became the trademark of the Berggruen
collection. He also painted "Night Fishing at Antibes."
(WSJ, 9/13/96, p.A8)(SFC, 10/10/98, p.E8)
1939 Ben Shahn painted his
"Myself Among the Churchgoers."
(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)
1939 Chaim Soutine painted
"Return From School After the Storm."
(WSJ, 5/14/98, p.A20)
1939 Hale Woodruff painted a
mural on the 1839 Amistad mutiny.
(SFEM, 3/8/98, p.8)
1939 The Salon des Realites
Nouvelles was held in France and featured abstract painters.
(Calg. Glen., 1996)
1940 Jun 29, Paul Klee
(b.1879), Swiss-German painter, tutor (Modern Art), died in
Switzerland. In 2005 the Klee Center, designed by Renzo Piano,
opened in Bern.
(www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/klee/)(Econ,
7/23/05, p.79)
1940 Oct 9, Otto Kallir, owner
of the Galerie St. Etienne in Manhattan, opened a show featuring the
art work of Anna Mary Moses (77). A reported embellished her name as
Grandma Moses. Three paintings of 34, priced from $20-250, were
sold. Her popularioty rose rapidly following a Thanksgiving show at
Gimbels department store.
(ON, 8/20/11, p.11)
1941 Feb 6, Maximilien Luce
(b.1858), French anarchist and Neo-Impressionist painter, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilien_Luce)
1941 Mar 6, John Gutzon de la
Mothe Borglum (73), sculptor (Mount Rushmore), died.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1941 Mar 17, The National
Gallery of Art opened in Washington, DC.
(AP, 3/17/98)(HN, 3/17/98)
1941 May 11, London’s
Bridgewater House was bombed. A major work by French painter Paul
Delaroche, "Charles I Insulted by Cromwell's Soldiers" (1837)
depicting the British monarch shortly before his execution in 1649,
was thought to have been virtually destroyed. In 2009 it was
unrolled and found to be in good condition.
(Reuters, 11/24/09)
1941 Georges Braque, master of
color, painted "Mandolin and Score."
(WSJ, 3/3/97, p.A16)
1941 Juan Miro created his
painting “Ciphers and Constellations in Love With a Woman.”
(SSFC, 12/19/04, p.E1)
1941 Piet Mondrian moved to the
US and painted "New York City I" in rhythmic and cheerful color and
lines.
(WSJ, 6/6/95, p.A-14)
1941 Pablo Picasso painted
"Woman Seated in an Armchair," "Head of a Woman" and "Still Life
with Blood Sausage."
(SFEC, 9/20/98, DB p.39)(SFC, 10/10/98, p.E8)
1942 Feb 12, Painter Grant Wood
(b.1892), creator of "American Gothic" (1930), died in Iowa City,
Iowa, a day before his 51st birthday.
(AP, 2/12/02)
1942 Henri Matisse created his
painting “Danseuse dans le fauteuil.” It sold for $22 million at a
Sotheby’s auction in 2007.
(SFC, 11/8/07, p.E3)
1942 Maxfield Parrish painted
“The Study for the River at Ascutney.” It was stolen in 1984 and
turned up un 2004 valued at around $50,000.
(SFC, 9/9/04, p.A1)
1943 May 29, Norman Rockwell’s
portrait of "Rosie the Riveter" appeared on the cover of "The
Saturday Evening Post." Rockwell’s model was Mary Keefe (19) of
Arlington, Vermont. In 2002 the painting sold at auction for
$4,959,500.
(AP, 5/29/97)(AH, 10/02, p.10)
1943 Aug 9, Chaim Soutine
(b.1893), Jewish expressionist painter, died in Paris of a
perforated ulcer.
(WSJ, 5/14/98,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaim_Soutine)
1943 Jackson Pollock
(1912-1956) created his 500-pound work titled “Mural,” a canvas
nearly 8x20 feet. It marked a transition from his modestly sized
easel paintings to his drip paintings. Pollock also created this
year his work titled “The She-Wolf.”
(WSJ, 7/30/08, p.D7)(SFC, 10/1/10, p.F4)
1943 Gustav Vigeland (b.1869),
Norwegian sculptor, died. His major life's work was the creation of
212 sculptures of 600 figures in an Oslo park named Vigeland Park.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1944 Jan 23, Edvard Munch
(b.1863), Norwegian painter and hopeless alcoholic, died. His work
included “Kiss by the Window” (1892), “The Scream” (1893) and “Self
Portrait With Cigarette” (1895). He had a breakdown in 1908 and
retreated to Ekely, where he painted for his remaining years. He
left behind a collection 1,008 paintings at his estate outside Oslo.
In 2005 Sue Prideaux authored “Edvard Munch: Behind the Scream.”
(WSJ, 4/16/02, p.D7)(SSFC, 12/18/05, p.M2)(Sm,
3/06, p.60)(WSJ, 2/25/09, p.D7)
1944 Feb 1, Piet Mondrian
(b.1872), Dutch artist, died in NYC of pneumonia. To create an art
of harmony and order he used straight lines exclusively. "His
trademark paintings of black lines forming a grid and primary colors
are a calculated, mathematical blueprint for an organized life." A
leading abstract artist in the early half of the 20th century, Dutch
painter Piet Mondrian was also a leading proponent of De Stijl ("The
Style"). Born to an educator and amateur artist in 1872, Mondrian
pursued a career as a painter from an early age. He was influenced
by the Post-Impressionists, but gravitated towards Cubism after
seeing an exhibition of works by Picasso and others.
(Hem, Dec. 94, p.131)(WSJ, 5/25/01,
p.W10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet_Mondrian)
1944 Dec 2, Filippo Tommaso
Emilio Marinetti (b.1876), Italian ideologue, poet, and editor, died
in Bellagio, Italy. He was main founder of the Futurist movement
[see 1909]. In 2006 Gunter Berghaus edited “Critical Writings by
F.T. Marinetti,” translated by Doug Thompson.
(http://tinyurl.com/y7v7f3)(SFC, 10/24/06, p.E2)
1944 Dec 13, Wassily Kandinsky
(b.1866), Russian artist credited with the invention of abstract
art, died in France. He held that shapes and colors in art, like
notes in music, should represent feelings and emotions, not actual
objects.
(WSJ, 8/13/99,
p.W10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wassily_Kandinsky)
1944 Odd Nerdrum, Norwegian
figurative artist, was born. He made haunting oils of eerily
incandescent nudes.
(WSJ, 3/19/97, p.A16)(www.oddnerdrum.com)
1945 May 29, Dutch police
arrested and imprisoned Hans van Meegeren (1889-1947) for
collaborating with the enemy. His name had been traced to a sale
made during the second world war of what was then believed to be an
authentic Vermeer to Nazi Field-Marshal Hermann Goering. On July 12,
in order to prove his innocence, Meegeren revealed that he had
forged the painting.
(WSJ, 10/14/06, p.P10)(ON, 12/07, p.12)
1945 Dec 5, Petras Kalpokas
(b.1880), Lithuanian painter, died in Kaunas.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petras_Kalpokas)
1946 Jan 28, Helene Schjerfbeck
(b.1862), Finnish painter, died. Her work included a 5 painting
series of self-portraits that represented herself at various ages.
(Econ, 11/24/07,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck)
1945-1946 Picasso painted his purposely unfinished
"Charnel House."
(SFC, 10/10/98,
p.E8)(www.abcgallery.com/P/picasso/picasso45.html)
1946 Jul 6, Jamie Wyeth, artist
(An American Vision-Boston), was born in Pennsylvania.
(MC, 7/6/02)
1946 Pablo Picasso began
designing pottery in Vallauris, France. The area had been a pottery
center since Roman times.
(SFC, 12/10/08, p.G4)
1946 Elie Nadelman (b.1882),
Polish-born sculptor, died. He moved to Paris in 1904 and to the US
in 1914 with the support of Helena Rubenstein. His work included
"The Dancer" (1920-1924).
(WSJ, 5/15/03, p.D8)
1947 Jun 8, Selden Gile
(b.1877), SF Bay Area plein-air painter, died. He was one of the
Society of Six, who took their cue from the post-Impressionist
painters they saw at the 1915 Panama Pacific Int’l. Exposition.
(SFC, 5/4/09,
p.E3)(http://lawrencebeebe.com/seldengilebiography.html)
1947 Nov 12, Hans van Meegeren
(1889-12947), Dutch painter and forger, was tried for forgery and
convicted of “obtaining money by deception” and “appending false
names and signatures with the intent to deceive.” He was given the
minimum sentence of one year and then the court petitioned Queen
Wilhelmina that he be pardoned, but he died 6 weeks later.
(ON, 12/07, p.12)
1947 Dec 29, Hans van Meegeren
(b.1889), Dutch painter and forger, died. In 2006 Frank Wynne
authored “I Was Vermeer.”
(WSJ, 10/14/06,
p.P10)(http://denisdutton.com/van_meegeren.htm)
1948 Jun 3, Korczak Ziolkowski
(1908-1982), a self-taught sculptor, began blasting a figure of
Crazy Horse into rock in the Black Hills of South Dakota under an
invitation by the Lakota Sioux. Ziolkowski had worked under Gutzon
Borglum at the Mount Rushmore site. The face of Crazy Horse, at the
site known as Thunder Mountain, was completed and dedicated in 1998.
(SSFC, 7/28/02, Par p.11)(SSFC, 9/9/07, p.C4)
1948 Jul 21, Arshile Gorky
(b.1904/5), artist, (born as Vostanig Adoian of Armenian parents in
Eastern Turkey) died of suicide. He came to the US in 1920 and
assumed a new name in admiration of Russian writer Maxim Gorky. His
works included "Gray Drawing for Pastoral" (1946). His last
paintings were described as "imaginary erotic cosmologies." In 1999
Matthew Spender published the biography "From a High Place: A Life
of Arshile Gorky."
(WSJ, 1/28/04,
p.D6)(www.legacy-project.org/artists/display.html?ID=5)
1949 Nov 19, James Ensor
(b.1860), Belgian artist, died. His paintings included “”The
Scandalized Masks” (1883), "Ensor and General Leman Discussing
Painting" (1890), and “Skeletons Fighting Over a Pickled Herring”
(1891).
(WSJ, 6/5/01, p.A23)(Econ, 7/4/09,
p.82)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Ensor)
1949 Willem de Kooning
(1904-1997) painted the abstract image "Two Standing Women." In 1997
it sold for 4.1 million. He also painted "Attic" in this year and
“Sail Cloth,” which later sold for $13.1 mil. His abstract painting
“Woman” done this year, sold in 1997 for $15.6 mil.
(WSJ, 11/21/96,
p.A8)(http://tinyurl.com/5rs5ct)(WSJ, 7/22/08,
p.D8)(http://tinyurl.com/5woaq9)
1949 Henry Salem Hubbell
(b.1870), artist and member of the Giverny Circle of American
Impressionists, died in Florida. His paintings included “The
Samovar” 1906-1907.
(http://home.earthlink.net/~curator3805/)
1949 Bill Traylor (b.1854),
self-taught artist and laborer by trade, died. He gained recognition
for his primitive drawings in the 1930s.
(WSJ, 7/28/05, p.D8)
1949-1950 David Park painted his classic
"Rehearsal."
(SFC, 10/22/98, p.E6)
1950 Dec 27, Max Beckmann
(b.1884), German painter, died in New York. The Nazis had branded
him a degenerate artist in 1937 and he moved to the US in 1946. His
work included the triptychs Departure (1932-1935) and Beginning
(1946-1949), and the Self-Portrait in Tails (1937). He was a
figurative painter in an age of abstraction.
(SSFC, 1/27/02, p.C7)(WSJ, 7/16/03, p.D8)(WSJ,
9/17/05, p.P20)
1951 William Edmondson
(b.1874), self-taught artist and laborer by trade, died. He gained
recognition for his limestone sculptures in the 1930s.
(WSJ, 7/28/05, p.D8)
1952 Nov 26, Helen
Frankenthaler (b.1928), New York artist, created her painting
“Mountains and Sea.” It was later recognized as her arrival as a
major artist and a work that changed the course of abstract art.
(WSJ, 11/8/08, p.W11)
1952 Eduardo Paolozzi
(1924-2005), sculptor and printmaker, helped form an association of
British artists called The Independent Group. They included Richard
Hamilton, William Turnbull and Peter Blake. Paolozzi, born in
Scotland of Italian parents, became known as a key contributor to
British pop art.
(SSFC, 5/1/05, p.A23)
1953 Mar 23, Raoul Dufy, French
fauve painter, died.
(WSJ, 5/4/99, p.A20)(MC, 3/23/02)
1953 May 31, V.I. Tatlin
(b.1885), Ukrainian-born painter and sculptor, died in Moscow.
(www.artnet.com/library/08/0834/T083448.asp)
1953 George Braque created his
painting “La Treille.” In 2010 it sold for $10.2 million.
(Econ, 5/8/10, p.85)
1953 Ralph Fasanella, American
artist, created his painting “Welcome Home Boys.” In 1990 it was
acquired by the city of Oakland, Ca., as a gift from union workers
for $53,000.
(SFC, 3/4/11, p.C7)
1953 W. de Kooning (1904-1997)
completed his "Woman V" painting. In 1974 it was acquired by the
Austria National Gallery for $850,000.
(http://tinyurl.com/3rr4bw)
1953 Folk artist Grandma Moses
(1860-1961) achieved global fame for her paintings. Her real name
was Anna Mary Robertson. Plates with her scenes were given out as
gas station premiums in 4 limited editions: "Out for the Christmas
Tree," "Checkered House," "Jack and Jill," and "Catching the
Thanksgiving."
(TMC, 1994, p.1953)(SFC, 3/26/97, Z1 p.7)
1954 Nov 3, Henri E.B. Matisse
(b.1869), French painter and sculptor (Dance II), died. In 1998
Hilary Spurling published "The Unknown Matisse," a work that covered
the years 1869-1908. A end volume was planned. In 1999 John Russell
published "Matisse: Father and Son" and John O'Brian published
"Ruthless Hedonism: The American Reception of Matisse." In 2005
Hilary Spurling authored “Matisse the Master: A Life of Henry
Matisse, Volume Two.
(WSJ, 7/5/96, p.A5)(WSJ, 10/27/98, p.A20)(SFEC,
8/8/99, BR p.6)(Econ, 3/12/05, p.79)
1954 Areogun (b.1880), Yoruba
sculptor, died. He was a native of the Ekiti region of Nigeria.
(www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/11/sfg/ht11sfg.htm)
1954 Frida Kahlo (47), artist,
died in Mexico City. Her final painting was an incomplete portrait
of Joseph Stalin. Hayden Herrera authored her biography in 1983.
Raquel Tibol later authored "Frido Kahlo: An Open Life."
(Hem., 1/96, p.50)(SFC, 4/22/01, p.D3)(WSJ,
7/6/01, p.W11)
1955 May 18, Edwin Scharff
(68), German painter, sculptor (Rossebändiger), died.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1956 Jan 13, Lyonel Feininger
(b.1871), American-German painter, died. His work included the
woodcut "Kreuzende Segelschiffe" (1919) and the pen and ink wash
"Three Ghosts" (1953). A catalog of his prints was made by Leona
Prasse (1897-1984), late curator of prints at the Cleveland Museum
of Art. Feininger published comics for the Chicago Tribune from
1906-1907.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonel_Feininger)(HT, 5/97, p.60)(WSJ,
1/10/07, p.D10)
1956 Apr 13, Emil Nolde (b.1867
as Emil Hansen), German Expressionist painter, died. He was a member
of the artist group Die Brucke.
(Econ, 10/11/08,
p.116)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Nolde)
1956 Aug 11, Abstract artist
Jackson Pollock (b.1912) died at age 44 in an automobile accident in
East Hampton, N.Y. He was born in Wyoming and became a leader of the
abstract expressionist school of art.
(AHD, 1971, p.1015)(AP, 8/11/97)
1957 Mar 16, Constantin
Brancusi (b.1876), Romanian-born French sculptor, died. He willed
his studio and work to France.
(WSJ, 3/30/00,
p.A28)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantin_Br%C3%A2ncu%C5%9Fi)
1957 May 9, Heinrich Campendonk
(b.1889), German-born Dutch artist and a member of the Der Blaue
Reiter group (1911-1912), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Campendonk)
1957 Sep 16, Qi Baishi
(b.1864), Chinese artist, died in Beijing. In 2011 one of his ink
paintings was auctioned for $65 million.
(Econ, 10/22/11,
p.82)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Baishi)
1958 H.C. Westermann
(1922-1981), sculptor, created "Memorial to the Idea of Man if He
Was an Idea." His work was laced with dark humor.
(WSJ, 4/18/02, p.D7)
1958 John Diebenkorn,
California figurative painter, made his " Woman and Mirror."
(SFEC, 3/16/97, DB p.33)
1958 Jasper Johns had his debut
show at the Castelli Gallery in New York and became an overnight
success. This year he painted his work "Tennyson."
(WSJ, 10/17/96, p.A20)
1958 Georgia O'Keeffe created
her oil on canvas painting "Ladder to the Moon."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T7)(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.C8)
1958 David Park, American
artist, painted: "Man in a T-Shirt" and "Untitled".
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)(SFC, 8/23/97, p.A20)
1958 Picasso made his sketch
"Femme Nue Assise."
(SFC, 7/5/96, DB, p.36)
1958 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted "The Crucifixion."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B1)(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)
1958-1966 Jay DeFeo (d.1989), SF artist, created
her massive painting "The Rose." She was married to artist Wally
Hedrick.
(SFEC, 8/25/96, BR p.39)(SSFC, 1/25/04, p.E5)
1959 Aug 19, Jacob Epstein
(78), US-English sculptor, painter, died.
(MC, 8/19/02)
1959 Attorney Thomas Blanchard
(d.2000 at 88) convinced Avery Brundage, a Chicago millionaire, to
donate his 6,000 piece Asian art collection to an Asian Art Museum
in SF. Marjorie Bissinger (d.2003) helped in the process.
(SFC, 4/22/00, p.A19)(SFC, 1/10/03, p.A25)
1960 Sep 20, David Park
(b.1911), a SF Bay Area figurative painter, died at 49. His work
included: "Man in a T-Shirt" and "Untitled" (1958), "Torso"
(1959). He made the 1st serious break with Abstract Expressionism in
his 1950 painting "Kids of Bikes." In 2012 Nancy Boas authored
“David Park: A Painter’s Life.”
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)(SFC, 8/23/97,
p.A20)(SFEM, 9/21/97, p.31)(WSJ, 12/3/01, p.A17)(SSFC, 5/6/12, p.F7)
1961 Mar 13, Pablo Picasso (79)
married his model Jacqueline Rocque (37).
(MC, 3/13/02)
1961 Oct 31, Augustus Edwin
John (b.1878), Welsh painter, draughtsman, and etcher, died. For a
short time around 1910, he was an important exponent of
Post-Impressionism in England. In 1974 Michael Holroyd authored the
biography: “Augustus John.”
(WSJ, 1/21/07, p.P9)
1961 Dec 13, Anna Mary
Robertson Moses (b.1860), US painter and folk artist known as
Grandma Moses, died in Hoosick Falls, New York.
(SFC, 3/26/97, z1
p.7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandma_Moses)
1961 Gerhard Richter (b.1932),
German artist, defected to the West. By 2011 he was considered the
world’s foremost living painter.
(Econ, 10/8/11, p.104)
1962 May 13, Franz Kline
(b.1910), American painter of abstract expressionist style, died of
a heart attack in NYC. He was known for dramatic, easy-to-recognize
pictures of big black slashes against snowy backgrounds. His
early work was as a cartoonist and bar decorator. His portraits
sketches of patrons still line the walls of the Minetta Tavern in
Greenwich Village, N.Y. Kline’s hot brush stroke was parodied in Roy
Lichtenstein’s pixilated "Brushstroke" series, where RL provided a
cool version of Kline’s hot stroke.
(WSJ, 12/16/94,
A-12)(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_77.html)
1962 Jun 6, Yves Klein
(b.1928), French artist, died of a heart attack.
(Econ, 5/29/10,
p.85)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Klein)
1962 Jul 9, Andy Warhol opened
his first solo show at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles. It
consisted of 32 paintings of Campbell’s Soup Cans. He also created
his "Red Liz" work this year.
(WSJ, 11/21/96, p.A8)(WSJ, 11/13/98, p.W16)(Econ,
10/29/11, IL p.14)
1962 The 1st edition of
“History of Art” by H.W. Janson was published.
(WSJ, 3/11/05, p.W7)
1962 Morris Louis (b.1912),
artist, died.
(SFC, 7/31/01, p.B5)
1963 Feb 7, The "Mona Lisa" was
unveiled at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
(HN, 2/7/99)
1963 Mar 20, The 1st "Pop Art"
exhibition was held in NYC.
(MC, 3/20/02)
1963 Aug 31, George F. Braque
(81), cubist painter, died in Paris.
(MC, 8/31/01)
1963 Konrad Fischer (1939-1996)
founded the Capital Realism art movement in Germany. It was a
figurative painting style that was a response to American Pop Art.
(SFC, 11/27/96, p.B2)
1963 Lucien Freud painted
"Man’s Head (Self-Portrait III)."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, BR p.1)
1963 Japanese artist Yayoi
Kusama (b.1929) led in the creation of installation art with her
show: “Aggregation: One thousands Boats Show,” at the Gertrude Stein
gallery in NYC. It featured a rowing boat filled with phallic
sculptures installed in a room papered with 999 black-and-white
photographic reproductions of the work.
(Econ, 2/4/12, p.84)
1963 Pan Tianshou, a
traditional-style Chinese painter, created "Red Lotus."
(WSJ, 2/19/98, p.A20)
1963 Andy Warhol created his
image "Large Triple Elvis."
(NH, 6/01, p.48)
1964 Jun 18, Georgio Morandi
(b.1890), reclusive Italian painter, died in Bologna.
(WSJ, 11/11/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Morandi)
1964 Francis Bacon painted his
triptych “Three Studies for a Portrait of Lucian Freud.” In 2011 the
work sold for $37 million at a London auction.
(SFC, 2/11/11, p.A2)(http://tinyurl.com/2b8c44m)
1964 Francis Bacon painted the
triptych "Three Figures in a Room."
(WSJ, 2/3/00, p.A24)
1964 Jasper Johns created his
painting "Souvenir."
(SFC, 12/4/00, p.B3)
c1964 Willem de Kooning
(1904-1997), abstract artist, painted "Woman."
(SFC, 4/9/98, p.E1)
1964 Helen Frankenthaler
(b.1929) created her painting "Interior Landscape." She won a
National Medal of the Arts in 2002.
(SFC, 3/19/02, p.D6)
1964 Roy Lichtenstein created
his works "Good Morning Darling" and “Ohhh, Alright.” The 2nd sold
for $42.6 million in 2010.
{Artist, USA}
(SFC, 1/16/99, p.E1)(Econ, 2/18/12, ILp.10)
1964 Robert Rauschenberg won
the grand prize at the Venice Biennale. This established him in the
art world with his idea that art is reality reshuffled.
(SFC, 8/20/98, p.E1)
1964 Carolee Schneeman
preformed "Meat Joy," an orgy-like work at New York's Judson
Memorial Church. Participants cavorted nude or nearly so in a human
pile with animal carcasses and blood.
(SFEC, 3/12/00, p.D5)
1964 Andy Warhol produced his
pop art "Brillo Boxes." It was later considered a pivotal example of
the turning point to post-historical art by Prof. Arthur C. Danto.
(SFEC, 2/23/97, BR p.9)
1964 Andy Warhol, made his
silkscreen "Orange Marilyn." It sold for $17.3 mil in 1998.
(SFC, 5/15/98, p.A3)
1964 Francis Harvey Cutting
(b.1872), California artist, died.
(SSFC, 4/18/04, p.J5)
1964 Jean Fautrier (b.1898),
French modernist, died. He was considered a precursor to the
American Abstract Expressionists.
(WSJ, 12/11/02, p.D8)
1964 Leon Shulman Gaspard
(b.1882), Russian-born American artist, died in Taos, New Mexico.
His work included “The Finish of the Kermesse.”
(WSJ, 12/1/07,
p.W3)(www.askart.com/AskART/artists/biography.aspx?artist=5968)
1965 May 23, David Smith
(b.1906), American sculptor, died in Albany NY. His farm in upstate
New York was named the Terminal Iron Works. His work included
"Circle and Box," "XI Books, III Apples," "Lunar Arc," "Becca" and
"Rebecca Circle."
(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_146B.html)
1965 Jul 9, Adelaide Hiebel
(b.1879), American artist, died. Many of her paintings were used for
advertising and calendar prints.
(http://tinyurl.com/lqooq3)(www.askart.com/askart/h/adelaide_hiebel/adelaide_hiebel.aspx)
1965 Salvador Dali donated a
sketch depicting Jesus Christ to the prison at Riker's Island, NYC,
in lieu of a planned visit. On Mar 1, 2003, 4 prison officials
staged a fake fire drill, stole the sketch and replaced it with a
fake. The guards were caught by June and claimed the original was
destroyed.
(SFC, 10/6/03, p.A2)
1965 Jay DeFeo’s painting "The
Rose" weighed a ton and was moved out of a house and later to the SF
Art Institute where it languished for 26 years.
(SFEC, 10/13/96, DB p.8)
1965 Sedona, Arizona, artists
Joe Beeler, Charlie Dye, John Hampton and George Phippen founded The
Cowboy Artists of America at the local Cowboy Club, which was then
called the Oak Creek Tavern.
(SSFC, 2/8/04, p.C6)
1965 Werner Tubke, German
artist, created his painting “Reminiscences of Schulze, JD III.”
(WSJ, 2/10/09, p.D7)
1966 Feb 8, In Malaysia the
Tugu Negara (national monument) was completed and officially opened
by the Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah, the head of state. The
sculpture was designed by Austria-born American sculptor Felix de
Weldon (1907-2003). It was proclaimed a memorial park dedicated to
the 11,000 people who died during the 12-year Malayan Emergency
(1948-1960). Thereafter, a wreath-laying ceremony takes place at the
monument every July 31 on Warriors Day.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugu_Negara)
1966 May 14, Ludwig Meidner
(b.1884), German expressionist artist, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Meidner)
1966 Hans Hofmann (b.1880),
abstract artist, died. He was born and raised in Munich, Germany,
and lived in Paris from 1904-1914. He moved to the US in 1931. His
work included "Furioso," (1963).
(SFC, 7/31/01, p.B5)(WSJ, 1/15/04, p.D8)
1967 May 15, Edward Hopper
(b.1882), US painter (House by Railroad), died in NYC. He studied in
Paris but never painted in the abstract. He often used his wife,
artist Josephine Nivison (d.1968), as his model. He was the first
artist to paint the American scene as a desolate, vacant place. A
biography of Mr. Hopper and his 44 years with Josephine was
published in 1995 by Gail Levin titled “Edward Hopper.” In 1998 the
Whitney Museum published: "Edward Hopper: A Journal of His Work."
(www.fact-index.com)(WSJ, 10/4/95, p.A-12)(SFEC,
3/15/98, BR p.7)(HN, 7/22/02)
1967 Oct 10, Sargent Johnson
(b.1888), Boston-born and SF-based African-American painter and
sculptor, died.
(SFC, 5/4/09,
p.E3)(http://www.aaregistry.com/detail.php?id=1195)
1967 David Burliuk, Russian
artist, died. His work included "A Cup of Sake" (1921), which
fetched $60,375 for the IRS in a 2003 auction.
(SSFC, 2/2/03, Par p.A19)
1968 Jan 29, Leonard Tsuguharu
Foujita (b.1886), painter and engraver born in Tokyo, Japan, died in
Zurich, Switz. He applied French oil techniques to Japanese-style
paintings. In 2006 Phyllis Birnbaum authored “Glory in a Line: A
Life of Foujita – The Artist Caught Between East and West.”
(SSFC, 11/26/06,
p.M1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsuguharu_Foujita)
1968 Jun 3, Valerie Solanas,
founder of the Society for Cutting Up Men (SCUM), and author of the
"SCUM Manifesto," shot Andy Warhol with a .32 automatic in his New
York film studio, known as The Factory. Warhol survived but Solanas
was judged insane and served three years in a psychiatric prison.
She died in 1988 at 52 in a welfare hotel in San Francisco of
bronchial pneumonia and emphysema. The 1996 film "I Shot Andy
Warhol" was made by Mary Harron and featured Lili Taylor as Solanas.
(SFC, 5/15/96, p.E-1)(AP,
6/3/98)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valerie_Solanas)
1968 Sep 14, Al Frueh (b.1880),
American caricature artist (New Yorker magazine), died.
(WSJ, 8/21/01,
p.A17)(www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/221010/Al-Frueh)
1968 Oct 2, Marcel Duchamp
(b.1887), French painter, died. He was known best for his 1915 "Nude
Descending a Staircase."
(V.D.-H.K.p.361)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp)
1968 Edward Kienholz
(1927-1994) created his "Portable war memorial," a bizarre tableaux
including a hot dog stand and a coke dispenser.
(TL, 1988,
p.117)(http://artchive.com/artchive/K/kienholz/war_memorial.jpg.html)
1968 Henry Moore, English
artist and sculptor, made his "Three Piece No. 3: Vertebrae."
(SFC, 10/26/96,
p.B1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moore)
1968 Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
created his Suite 347, a series of aquatints and etchings.
(Econ, 4/24/10, p.83)
1968 Cecile Nelken (1917-2009),
sculptor and publisher, founded Artweek, the first US West Coast
weekly art newspaper.
(SFC, 7/17/09, p.D5)
1968 Architects Doug Michels
(1943-2003) and Chip Lord founded the Ant Farm in SF. In 1974 they
created "Cadillac Ranch," a sculpture of 10 planted Cadillacs, in
Amarillo, Texas. In 1975 they created the performance work "Media
Burn," in which Michels drove a Cadillac through a pyramid of
burning television sets. Ant Farm disbanded in 1978.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1969 Mar 14, Ben Shahn (1898),
Lithuanian-born American painter and photographer, died in NYC. Much
of his photography of done in New York’s Lower East Side and
Greenwich Village.
(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)(WSJ, 2/1/00,
p.A24)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Shahn)
1969 Jun 12, Alexander Deyneka
(b.1899), Soviet Russian artist, died. he came from a family of
railroad workers and started out as a police photographer after
graduating from art school. He made mosaics in the 1930s for
Mayakovskaya metro station in central Moscow.
(AFP,
2/17/11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Deyneka)
1969 Oct 18, The painting
"Nativity" by Caravaggio was stolen from the Oratory of San Lorenzo
in Palermo, Sicily. Peter Watson, English novelist, later wrote "The
Caravaggio Conspiracy," an account of his 1981-1982 attempt to
recover the work.
(www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2008/dec/22/caravaggio-art-mafia-italy)(WSJ,
12/11/96, p.A20)
1969 Nov, Interview magazine
was founded by artist Andy Warhol and Gerard Malanga. It was
dedicated to the cult of celebrity which fascinated Warhol, and
featured cutting-edge graphics and interviews of celebrities.
(www.warholstars.org/chron/1969.html)(http://tinyurl.com/ybcdjtd)
1969 Fernando Botero (b.1932),
surrealist Colombian painter, created "The Butcher's Table," a pig's
head laughing at his own slaughter.
(WSJ, 3/17/00,
p.W12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Botero)
1969 Artists Douglas Huebler
(1924-1997), Robert Barry (b.1936) and Lawrence Weiner (b.1942) held
an exhibition in NYC that was credited by a critic in 1971 as
originating the conceptual art movement. This was an emphasis on art
as an idea rather than an object in a reaction to the pop and op art
of the 1960s.
(SFC, 7/15/97, p.A18)
1969 Dorothy Miller (d.2003)
retired as curator of the NYC Museum of Modern Art.
(SSFC, 7/13/03, p.A27)
1969 Robert Rauschenberg
(1925-2008) created his "Carnal Clock" series of collages.
(WSJ, 9/25/97,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Rauschenberg)
1969 Artist Sol LeWitt
(1928-2007) wrote his seminal article "Sentences on Conceptual Art"
and stated that "Ideas can be works of art."
(SFC, 1/29/98, p.C5)
1969 London artists Gilbert
Proesch and George Passmore wrote their four “Laws of Sculptors.”
They later became known simply as Gilbert and George.
(SFC, 2/16/08, p.E1)
1969 Clifford Irving (b.1930),
American writer, published "Fake," the story of Hungarian art forger
Elmyr de Hory (1906-1976). The int'l. de Hory scam became public in
1967. Irving and De Hory were featured in the 1975 Orson Welles film
"F" for Fake.
(SFC, 7/29/99,
p.E6)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_Irving)
1969 John Altoon (b.1925),
American painter, died of a heart attack at age 43. He painted in an
abstract expressionist style with later surrealist undercurrents. Hs
works included "Untitled" (1959), "Untitled (Harper Series)" (1964),
and "Untitled ANI-42" (1968).
{Artist, USA}
(SFC, 1/15/98,
p.E1,5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Altoon)
1970 Feb 25, Mark Rothko
(b.1903), painter, committed suicide in NYC. He was born in Dvinsk,
Russia, which is now Daugavpils, Latvia, and his family moved to
Portland, Ore., in 1913. His work moved to abstraction in the 1940s.
The execution of his will provoked a long drawn out court case. His
daughter charged the executors and the owner of Rothko’s gallery
with conspiracy and conflict of interest, and won. A 1998 show was
accompanied by the book "Mark Rothko" by Jeffrey Weiss with
contributions by John Cage, Carol-Mancusi-Ungaro, Barbara Novak,
Brian O’Doherty, Mark Rosenthal and Jessica Stewart.
(WSJ, 6/4/98, p.A16)(SFEC, 6/7/98, BR p.4)(AP,
11/11/03)(http://slate.msn.com/?id=2923)
1970 Jul 4, Barnett Newman
(b.1905), American artist of the abstract expressionist movement,
died. His "zips" consisted of fields of flat color punctuated by
vertical stripes.
(SFC,11/22/97, p.D5)(SFC, 3/30/02, p.D1)(NW,
4/22/02, p.66)
1970 Aug 16, Benny Bufano
(b.1898), California-based Italian-American sculptor, died. He was
known for his late-career bullet-shaped public sculptures.
(SFC, 12/8/00,
p.C1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benny_Bufano)
1970 Roy Lichtenstein
(1923-1997), American pop artist, created his color lithograph,
screen print: "Peace Through Chemistry II."
(SFEC, 10/1/00, DB
p.42)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein)
1970 Frank Stella (b.1936),
American painter, created his abstract acrylic painting “Firuzabad.”
(SFC, 6/17/04, p.E1)
1971 Mar 13, Rockwell Kent
(b.1882), artist, illustrator and printmaker, died in New York. He
was a member of the rugged realist school of landscape painters. In
the 1930s he created a set of illustrations for "Moby Dick." In 1935
he authored “Salamina,” a memoir of his first Arctic winter
(1931–32) painting and exploring while based in the settlement of
Igdlorssuit, Greenland. In 1960 he donated 80 paintings and 800
watercolors to the people of the Soviet Union.
(WSJ, 8/15/00, p.A24)(SFC, 8/25/01,
p.D12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_Kent)
1971 In SF a 30-foot-tall
sculpture by Peter Voulkos was installed outside the “Hall of
Justice.” In 2011 it underwent a $35,000 refurbishment.
(SFC, 7/16/11, p.A1)
1971 Sidney Nolan (1917-1992),
Australia’s best known modernist, created a piece called “Snake.” It
was composed of 1,620 individual panels.
(www.brittenpears.org/gallery/album07/rumours19Snake)(Econ, 1/29/11,
p.84)
1972 Vito Acconci (b.1940),
Brooklyn-based artist, created his work "Seed Bed," in which the
artist masturbated under the raised gallery floor.
(WSJ, 4/15/98,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vito_Acconci)
1972 Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
drew his chilling crayon self-portrait as a skull.
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(SFC, 7/14/96,
p.C11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picasso)
1972 Chen Yifei (b.1946),
Shanghai born artist, painted "Eulogy of the Yellow River," as
China’s Yellow River dried up for the 1st time in history before
reaching the Yellow Sea. From 1980 to 1996 he worked in the US and
became known as the Norman Rockwell of China.
(WSJ, 1/6/97, p.A10)(SFC, 3/4/02, p.A3)
1972 In Fort Worth, Texas, the
Kimbell Museum, designed by Louis Kahn, opened.
(WSJ, 12/17/02, p.D8)
1973 Mar 23, Yoko Ono was
granted permanent residence in US.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1973 Apr 8, Pablo Picasso
(b.1881), Spanish artist, died at his home near Mougins, France, at
age 91. He left some 50,000 works that included 1,885 paintings,
1,228 sculptures, 2,880 ceramics, 18,095 engravings, 6,112
lithographs, 3,181 linocuts, 7,089 drawings plus 4,669 drawings and
sketches in 149 notebooks, 11 tapestries and 8 rugs. Two books of a
planned 4-volume biography were published by John Richardson, who
then interrupted the series in 2000 with "The Sorcerer’s Apprentice:
Picasso, Provence, and Douglas Cooper." Picasso’s estate owed so
much in death duties that many of his works fell into government
hands. In 2007 John Richardson authored “A Life of Picasso: The
Triumphant Years, 1917-1932.”
(AP, 4/8/97)(SFEC, 1/30/00, BR p.6)(SSFC,
5/20/01, p.T8)(Econ, 11/17/07, p.99)
1973 May 26, Jacques Lipchitz
(b.1891), Lithuanian-born, French-US cubist sculptor, died on Capri
and was buried in Jerusalem.
(www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1B1-370321.html)
1973 Jul 20, Robert Smithson
(b.1938), minimalist land artist, died in a plane crash in Texas
while surveying a site for his Amarillo Ramp project. His work
included the “Spiral Jetty” (1970) on Utah’s Great Salt Lake.
(WSJ, 10/29/05,
p.P16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson)
1973 Antonio Berni (1905-1981),
Argentine artist, made his mixed media piece "La Gallina Ciega,"
(The Blind hen). In 1997 it sold for $607,500.
(SFC,11/26/97,
p.A9)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Berni)
1973 Salvador Dali (1904-1989),
Spanish artist, painted "Portrait of Alice Cooper's Brain."
(WSJ, 1/26/00,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD)
1973 Henry Darger (81),
"outsider artist" and janitor, died in Chicago. He created art to
illustrate his unpublished novel "The Story of the Vivian Girls, in
What Is Known as the Realms of the Unreal, of the
Glandeco-Angellinian War Storm." In 2002 John MacGregor authored a
720-page study of Darger. In 2003 Jessica Wu premiered her
documentary film on Darger, “In the Realms of the Unreal,” at
Sundance.
(SFC, 1/15/02, p.A14)(SFC, 12/18/04, p.E1)
1974 Jan 6, David Alfaro
Siqueiros (b.1896), Mexican artist (muralist), died. His work
included the 1933 mural "Ejercicio Plastico" (Plastic Exercise),
completed in Argentina at the home of newspaper magnate Natalio
Botana (d.1941). In 1994 the 650-square-foot work fell into a legal
limbo.
(SFC, 2/13/99,
p.A24)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Alfaro_Siqueiros)
1974 May 20, Ian Fairweather
(b.1891), Scotland-born Australian artist, died. He lived for much
of his life as a recluse on Bribie Island, north of Brisbane. In
Murray Bail authored “Fairweather,” a biography with color
reproductions. The book was expanded in 2009.
(Econ, 4/18/09,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Fairweather)
1974 Antonio Henrique Amaral of
Brazil painted his "Battlefield," a phalanx of menacing forks with
shreds of banana.
(WSJ, 3/17/00, p.W12)
1974 Joseph Beuys (1921-1986),
German artist, created his performance piece: "I like America, and
America likes Me," in which he lived with a coyote in a New York
gallery for 5 days.
(SFEC, 8/31/97, BR p.8)
1974 Jasper Johns painted his
"Corpse and Mirror." In 1997 it sold for $8.3 million.
(WSJ, 11/25/97, p.A20)
1974 Sol LeWitt (b.1928),
pioneer of the Conceptual Art Movement, created his "Incomplete Open
Cube."
(WSJ, 2/28/00, p.A38)
1974 Architects Doug Michels
(1943-2003) and Chip Lord, founders of the Ant Farm in SF, created
"Cadillac Ranch," a sculpture of 10 planted Cadillacs, in Amarillo,
Texas.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1974 Otis Kaye (b.1885),
Michigan born artist, died. He was an American artist during the
early 20th century. He was known for trompe l'oeil paintings of US
currency, similar to the work of William Harnett before him. In 2009
a study of his 1937 work “D’JIA-VU? (Stock Market) was published
under the title “Déjà vu All Over Again: the Riddle of
Otis Kaye’s Masterpiece.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otis_Kaye)
1975 Jan 19, Thomas Hart Benton
(b.1889), US artist, died in Kansas City, Missouri. In 2009 Henry
Adams authored “Tom and Jack: The Intertwined Lives of Thomas Hart
Benton and Jackson Pollock.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(painter))(Econ,
12/12/09, p.94)
1975 Feb 24, Hans Bellmer
(b.1902), German surrealist artist, died in Paris. He made
paper-mache female dolls and photographed them in skewed
configurations.
(NW, 2/18/02,
p.70)(www.artnet.com/Magazine/reviews/oisteanu/oisteanu3-14-05.asp)
1975 May 13, Jonas Rimsa
(b.1903), Lithuania-born artist, died in Santa Monica.
(www.anykstenai.lt/asmenys/asm.php?id=573)
1975 Sep 13, Shiko Munakata
(b.1903), renowned Japanese artist and printmaker, died in Tokyo
from liver cancer.
(SFC, 8/8/02,
p.D9)(www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/397376/Munakata-Shiko)
1975 Sep 14, Rembrandt's
"Nightwatch" was slashed and damaged in Amsterdam.
(http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1248/is_n7_v86/ai_21113228)
1975 Sep 18, Fairfield Porter
(b.1907), American artist, died. Much of his work was done along the
Maine coastline.
(WSJ, 9/4/03,
p.D8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairfield_Porter)
1975 Oct 8, Chiura Obata
(b.1885), Japanese American artist, died in Berkeley, Ca. He was a
faculty member in the Art Department at the University of California
at Berkeley from 1932 to 1953, interrupted by World War II, when he
spent over a year in internment camps.
(SFC, 11/12/08, p.E1)(http://tinyurl.com/yzykwlg)
1975 Architects Doug Michels
(1943-2003) and Chip Lord, founders of the Ant Farm in SF, created
the performance work "Media Burn," in which Michels drove a Cadillac
through a pyramid of burning television sets. Ant Farm disbanded in
1978.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1976 Mar 3, Pierre Moliniere
(b.1900), French artist and photographer, shot himself to death
rather than face prostate surgery and a reduced sex life.
(WSJ, 11/22/96,
p.A14)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Molinier)
1976 Apr 1, Max Ernst (b.1891),
German-French surrealist painter, sculptor, died in Paris.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst)
1976 May 8, McKendree Robbins
Long (b.1888), Southern gothic painter and evangelical preacher,
died in North Carolina. His work included: "Apocalyptic Scene With
Philosophers and Historical Figures," and "The Fifth Angel Opens the
Bottomless Pit."
(SFC, 7/6/02,
p.D6)(www.tfaoi.com/aa/3aa/3aa457.htm)
1976 May 9, Harvey Fite,
professor of art at Bard College, died in Saugerties, NY, while
working on his multi-acre Opus 40 landscape sculpture. In 2010 the
37-year project was listed for sale for $3.5 million.
(SFC, 3/22/10, p.A4)
1976 Nov 18, Man Ray (b.1890),
American Dada artist, died. He was born as Emmanuel Radnitsky in
Philadelphia and spent much of his time in France.
(WSJ, 12/2/96,
p.A16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_Ray)
1976 Romare Bearden created the
monotype "Vampin (Piney Brown Blues)," with watercolor additions. A
monotype refers to a painting made on a nonabsorbent surface that is
transferred by a press onto a one time print.
(SFEC, 6/15/97, BR p.7)
1976 In California Bulgarian
artist Christo Javacheff created his artwork "Running Fence," a
24.5-mile-long white nylon fence/curtain draped across Marin and
Sonoma counties. The fence cost $3 million and lasted for 2 weeks.
(SFEC, 3/1/98, p.A16)(SFC, 3/13/99, p.A24)
1976 Claes Oldenburg (b.1929),
Swedish-born American artist, constructed a 41-foot "Trowel I"
for the Kroller-Muller Museum in the Netherlands by. He also made
"Typewriter Eraser."
(Smith., Aug. 1995, p.82)(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B1)
1976 A 45-foot-tall, giant
steel "Clothespin" was constructed at the Plaza of the City Hall of
Philadelphia by Claes Oldenburg. He made his graphic "Soft Screw in
Waterfall."
(Smith., Aug. 1995, p.83)(SFC, 9/1/97,
p.E4)(SFEC, 10/5/97, BR p.4)
1976 Ernst Kitzinger
(1912-2003), a foremost historian of Byzantine, early Christian and
early medieval art, authored "Byzantine Art in the Making."
(SFC, 2/10/03, p.B4)
1977 Apr 29, Donald Evans
(b.1945), American artist, died in a fire in the Netherlands. His
work included the creation of postage stamp series for imaginary
countries.
(WSJ, 2/5/03,
p.D10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Evans_(artist))
1977 Jul 22, The Chinese
painter, Pan Yu-liang (b.1895), died in Paris. The 1997 biographical
film "The Painter" (La Peintre) was based on her biography by Shi
Nan.
(SFC, 8/20/97,
p.A1)(www.chinadaily.com.cn/photo/2006-11/14/content_732470.htm)
1977 James Castle (b.1899),
Idaho-born self-taught deaf artist, died in Boise.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Charles_Castle)(SFC, 2/27/10,
p.E3)
1978 May 31, Hanna Hoch
(b.1889), German photomontage artist of the Berlin Dada movement,
died. Her work included "Cut With the Kitchen Knife Dada Through the
Last Weimar Beer-Belly Epoch of Germany," (1919-1920).
(SFC, 3/25/97, p.E3)(SSFC, 1/27/02,
p.C7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah_H%C3%B6ch)
1978 Aug 21, Charles Eames
(1907-1978), an American polymath artist, died. Together with his
wife he designed numerous objects, furniture and made more than 75
films.
(SFC, 6/6/96,
E1)(www.eamesoffice.com/index2.php?mod=intro)
1978 Nov 8, Norman Rockwell
(b.1894), American artist, died. He had created nearly 4,000
illustrations that included 321 covers for the Saturday Evening
Post.
(SFEC, 9/29/96,
T10,11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Rockwell)
1978 The "Seated Woman" by
American artist John De Andrea (b.1941) was nude, made of polyvinyl
and utterly realistic.
(TL, 1988,
p.119)(www.artmolds.com/ali/halloffame/john_deandrea.htm)
1978 Hannah Wilke (1940-1993),
NYC-born American artist, began creating her performance art piece
"So Help Me Hannah." It featured her nude before a camera in a
variety of dance-like poses.
(WSJ, 10/21/96,
p.A18)(www.artnet.com/artist/17886/hannah-wilke.html)
1978 Italian artist Luigi
Serafini, after 30 months of work, completed his Codex
Seraphinianus, an illustrated encyclopedia dealing with a parallel
world and written in an unintelligible alphabet.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Seraphinianus)
1978 Edwin Dickinson (b.1891),
American painter, died in Wellfleet, Mass. His work included "The
Cello Player" (1924-1926).
(SFC, 12/4/00, p.B1)
1979 May, Peter Ompir (b.1904),
American folk artist born as Charles Burns, died.
(SFC, 1/17/07, p.G2)(http://tinyurl.com/32co6m)
1979 Chris Burden (b.1946) made
his work "The Big Wheel," in which a motorcycle powers a huge
flywheel that enacts the artist’s drive to magnify himself. This was
after he had shot, shocked, impaled and cut himself for attention.
(SFC, 2/10/98, p.E4)
1979 Richard Diebenkorn
(1922-1993) painted his "Ocean Park No. 116."
(SFC, 10/9/97,
p.E1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Diebenkorn)
1979 Roy Lichtenstein
(1923-1997), American pop artist, began his "Double Glass" sculpture
and finished it in 1980.
(SFEM, 11/24/96,
p.46)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein)
1979 Marta Minujin (b.1943),
Argentine artist, made her monumental "The Obelisk of Raising
Bread." It was made of 40,000 panetone and was later distributed to
the crowd.
(WSJ, 4/15/98, p.A20)
1980 May 29, J. Turner’s 1836
painting "Juliet & Her Nurse" sold for $6,400,000 in NYC.
(www.abebooks.fr/search/sortby/3/kn/+A+Picture+history+british+painting)
1980 Jun 7, Philip Guston
(b.1913), painter and printmaker, died. He was born in Montreal as
Phillip Goldstein became recognized as a lesser master of the first
generation New York School of abstraction. He quit abstract painting
in 1967 and confined himself to drawing. His work included "Back
View" (1977).
(SFC, 1/15/98, p.E5)(SFC, 6/28/03, p.D1)(Econ,
5/10/08, p.96)
1980 Jun 23, Clifford Still
(b.1904), abstract expressionist artist, died. In 2011 a museum
dedicated to his work opened in Denver.
(SFC, 3/30/02,
p.D1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyfford_Still)(SFC, 11/22/11,
p.A8)
1980 Lyman Byxbe (b.1886),
print maker, died. He established a reputation in Old Estes,
Colorado, with his copperplate etchings of western scenes.
(SSFC, 4/23/05, p.E7)(http://tinyurl.com/bwvvn)
1981 Nov 3, H.C. Westermann
(b.1922), sculptor, died. His work, which included "Memorial to the
Idea of Man if He Was an Idea" (1958), was laced with dark humor.
(WSJ, 4/18/02, p.D7)(http://tinyurl.com/3dxl4t)
1981 Willem de Kooning
(1904-1997), Netherlands born artist, painted his work Pirate
(Untitled II). In 1995 he created his work "Untitled XLII," a time
when his mental facilities began to waiver.
(www.moma.org/exhibitions/1997/dekooning/selected/pirate.html)(SFC,
11/12/02, p.D1)
1982 Jul 29, It was announced
that the painting "Gallery of the Louvre" by Samuel Morse
(1791-1872) had sold for $3,250,000.
(www.cedmagic.com/home/ced-digest/ced-digest-vol-07/ced-digest0730.html)
1982 Sep 11, Wilfredo Lam
(b.1902), Cuban artist, died in Paris, France. He is best known for
“The Jungle” (1943), later acquired by NYC’s MOMA.
(WSJ, 4/29/08, p.D7)
1983 Jasper Johns painted his
autobiographical picture "Racing Thoughts." It was done from the
vantage point of inside a bathtub inspired by a 1938 painting by
Frida Kahlo.
(WSJ, 10/17/96, p.A20)(SFEC, 9/28/97, BR p.5)
1983 Willem de Kooning painted
his "Untitled II." It is on display at the SF Museum of Modern Art.
[2nd source puts the date at 1986] he also created his work
"Untitled XLII" this year, a time when his mental facilities began
to waiver.
(SF E&C, 1/15/1995, SFE Mag. p.21)(SFC,
11/12/02, p.D1)
1983 Eugene Von Bruenchenhein
(b.1910), commercial bakery worker, died In Milwaukee, Wis. He was
also a prolific artist but never exhibited any of his work.
(NYT, 10/8/04, p.B35)
1983 Zhang Daqian (b.1899),
Chinese painter, died. He had imitated the style of the old masters.
(SFC, 2/6/04, p.D2)
1984 Apr 22, Ansel Adams
(b.1902), US photographer, died in Monterey, Ca. He was best known
for his black and white photographs of California's Yosemite Valley.
He founded the group f/64 and redefined the aesthetic standards and
possibilities of landscape photography.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams)
1984 A 60-by-13-foot tile mural
was created by Romare Beardon for a Pittsburgh subway station. In
2008 the mural was valued at $15 million as the station faced
demolition.
(WSJ, 4/25/08, p.A2)
1985 Mar 28, Marc Chagall
(b.1887), Belarus-born French painter, died. In 2008 Jackie
Wullschlager authored “Chagall: A Biography.”
(www.artelino.com/articles/marc_chagall.asp)(Econ, 9/20/08, p.101)
1985 Christo wrapped the 12
arches of Pont-Neuf in Paris with some 450,000 square-feet of
fabric. The project cost some $3.5 million.
(SFC, 3/2/97, p.E4)(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A10)
1986 Jan 23, Joseph Beuys
(b.1921), German artist, died. In 1997 an English edition of "The
Essential Joseph Beuys" by Alain Borer was published.
(SFEC, 8/31/97, BR
p.8)(http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys)
1986 Mar 6, Georgia O'Keefe
(98), US painter (Flowers), died in Santa Fe, NM.
(SSFC, 6/22/03,
p.C8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_O'Keeffe)
1986 Aug 5, It was revealed
that Andrew Wyeth secretly created 240 drawings and paintings of his
neighbor Helga Testorf, in Chadds Ford, Pa.
(www.rightreading.com/daybook_pages/august.htm)
1986 Aug 31, Henry Moore
(b.1898), English sculptor and cartoonist, died. In 1998 John
Hedgecoe published "A Monumental Vision: The Sculpture of Henry
Moore."
(SFEC, 7/19/98, BR
p.9)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moore)
1986 Francis Bacon (1909-1992),
Anglo-Irish painter, made his painting "Portrait of George Dyer
Talking."
(SFC, 6/11/99, p.C3)
1986 Lazar Khidekel (b.1904),
Russian artist and architect, died. He sustained a radical utopian
vision and avant-garde aesthetic during decades of Soviet control of
cultural production.
(SFC, 2/22/05, p.E1)
1987 Feb 22, Pop artist Andy
Warhol (b.1928) died at a New York City hospital at age 58. His
parents belonged to the Carpatho-Rusyns ethnic group. David Bourdon
wrote a study of Warhol in 1989. In 1994 the Andy Warhol Museum
opened in Pittsburgh, where he was born.
(WSJ, 4/26/96, p.A-1)(SFC, 4/4/98, p.A24)(AP,
2/22/99)(SFEC, 8/13/00, p.T11)
1987 Mar 30, Vincent Van Gogh's
"Sunflowers" was bought for $39.85 million. The Vincent van Gogh
painting "Sunflowers" was presented by art teacher Claude-Emile
Schuffenecker at a 1901 Paris exhibition. It sold in 1987 for $40.3
million to the Yasuda Fire and Marine Insurance Co. and was reported
in 1997 to be a possible fake. Van Gogh’s letters refer to only 6
paintings of sunflowers, and the Yasuda painting is a seventh.
(SFC,10/27/97, p.D4)(HN, 3/30/98)
1988 Mar 12, Romare Bearden
(b.1911), North Carolina-born African American artist, died in NY.
He depicted black culture and history and transferred his collages
to prints using a variety of techniques. In 2004 Jan Greenberg
authored "Romare Bearden: Collage of Memories."
(SFC, 3/24/04,
p.E1)(www.courses.vcu.edu/ENG-mam/bio5.htm)
1988 Apr 17, Louise Nevelson,
the Russian-born sculptor who became one of the world's best-known
women artists, died in New York at the age of 88.
(AP, 4/17/98)
1988 May 2, Jackson Pollock's
"Search" sold for $4,800,000.
(MC, 5/2/02)
1988 May 10, Edgar Degas'
"Danseresie of 14" sold for $10,120,000.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1988 Oct 5, Grandma Prisbrey,
born as Thresie (Tressa) Luella Schaefer (1896), died in California.
During her life she constructed her bottle village in Simi Valley
including 3 bottle structures to house her collection of 17,000
pencils. In 1981 the site was named a California State Historical
Landmark and in 1996 was added to the National Register of Historic
Places.
(WSJ, 10/21/08,
p.D9)(www.agilitynut.com/h/prisbrey.html)
1988 Margaret Mee, artist and
naturalist, died. She had recently completed her painting of the
night-bloomer Selenicereus within in the Amazon jungle. In 1999 an
exhibit of her 30 years of jungle artwork was put on display at the
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.
(SFC, 5/29/99, p.A7)
1988 Isamu Noguchi, sculptor,
died. In 1997 Hiro Narita made a film of the artist for PBS: "Isamu
Noguchi: Stones and Paper."
(SFEM, 5/18/97, p.28)
1989 Bruce Conner (1933-2008)
created his lithograph collage "Bombhead."
(SFEM, 5/28/00, p.17)(SFC, 5/4/09, p.E3)
1989 A painting of the US flag
by Jasper Johns (b.1930) sold at auction for $12.1 million. This was
one of a series that he began in 1954. In 2010 another of his “Flag”
paintings, owned since 1974 by writer Michael Crichton (1942-2008),
went on auction.
(www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/john/hd_john.htm)(SFC,
2/9/10, p.E45)
1989 Jay DeFeo, SF artist,
died. Her work "The Rose" weighed a ton and in 1965 was moved out of
a house and later to the SF Art Institute where it languished for 26
years.
(SFEC, 10/13/96, DB p.8)
1989 Artist Louis Bassi
Siegriest (b.1889), died. He was a member of the Oakland-based
Society of Six, known for their plein air paintings. The other
members included Maurice George Logan (1886-1971), William Henry
Clapp (1879-1954), August Francois Gay (1891-1949), Selden Conner
Gile (1877-1947) and Bernard James von Eichman (1899-1970).
(SFC, 1/20/11,
p.C6)(www.tfaoi.com/aa/2aa/2aa660.htm)
1990 Feb 7, Judith Clancy
(b.1950), artist, died of cancer.
(FineArts, Fall, 04/05)
1990 Mar 18, There was a theft
of art work from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. 2
men dressed as policemen made off with masterworks that included
Rembrandt’s "The Storm on the Sea of Galilee," Vermeer’s "The
Concert," Manet’s "Chez Tortoni," and 5 paintings and drawings by
Edgar Degas and a 1200 BC Chinese bronze beaker valued at $300
million. The theft led Sen. Edward Kennedy to sponsor the museum
theft provision of the 1994 Omnibus Crime Act. In 2009 Ulrich Boser
authored “The Gardner Heist.”
(WSJ, 8/9/96, p.A8)(WSJ, 5/13/97, p.A21)(SFC,
8/26/97, p.A3)(SFC,12/15/97, p.A3)(WSJ, 2/20/09, p.W10)
1990 Nov 3, The Kryptos
sculpture, created by sculptor Jim Sanborn, was dedicated in the
courtyard of the CIA headquarters in Virginia.
(SSFC, 11/21/10,
p.A16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptos)
1991 Feb 13, Arno Breker (90),
German sculptor (Third Reich), died in Dusseldorf.
(www.meaus.com/arno-breker-biography.htm)
1991 Jun 24, Rufino Tamayo
(b.1899), a Zapotecan Indian artist born in the Mexican state of
Oaxaca, died in Mexico City. His painting “Tres Personajes,” sold in
1977 to a Houston couple for $55,000, was stolen in 1987. In 2003 it
was found amongst street trash on Manhattan’s Upper West Side.
(SFC, 10/24/07,
p.E3)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rufino_Tamayo)
1991 Jul 16, Robert Motherwell
(76), US painter (Elegies to Spanish Rep), died.
(MC, 7/16/02)
1991 Jul 16, Robert Motherwell
(b.1915), US painter (Elegies to Spanish Rep), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Motherwell)
1991 Magdalena Abakanowicz made
her sculpture: "Bronze Crowd," 36 headless, hollow, life-size men in
a double file.
(WSJ, 1/9/97,
p.A8)(www.abakanowicz.art.pl/bibliog.html)
1991 Christo created his
"Umbrellas" sculpture that lasted 3 weeks. 1,760 yellow umbrellas
were unfurled north of Los Angeles and another 1,340 blue ones in
Ibaraki, Japan.
(SFC, 3/2/97, p.E4)(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A10)
1991 Russian sculptor Zurab
Tsereteli built a colossal statue of Christopher Columbus, titled
"Birth of a New World," to commemorate the 500th anniversary of
Columbus' 1492 arrival in the Western Hemisphere. Several US cities
including New York, Miami and Baltimore refused to accept it for
reasons ranging from cost to appearance. Puerto Rico accepted the
statue as a gift in 1998, using $2.4 million in public funds to
bring it to the island after a former mayor envisioned it as the
main attraction for Catano, a seaside suburb of San Juan. But
officials said it would block airplane flight paths while residents
protested plans to demolish homes to make room for it. In 2008 it
was placed in storage in Mayaguez. In 2011 San Juan Mayor Jorge
Santini said he would consider setting up the statue somewhere in
the island's capital.
(AP, 8/20/11)
1992 Oct 30, Joan Mitchell
(b.1925), American pastel artist, died. In 2011 Patricia Albers
authored “Joan Mitchell: Lady Painter, A Life.”
(SFC, 3/31/97, p.E6)(SSFC, 5/29/11,
p.G5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Mitchell)
1992 In NYC the first annual
Outsider Art Fair was held at the Puck Building.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outsider_Art)
1992 Robert Arneson (b.1930),
Bay Area ceramic artist and sculptor, died. His "Yin and Yang" was
installed across from the SF Ferry Building in 2003.
(SFEM, 2/23/97, p.6)(SFC, 2/23/02, p.D1)
1992 Francis Bacon (b.1909),
British artist, died. In 1997 his biography was written by Michael
Peppiatt: Francis Bacon: Anatomy of an Enigma. Bacon’s studio was
later dismantled and replicated in Dublin. In 2001 John Edwards,
Bacon’s companion, wrote a brief memoir accompanied by photos of the
studio: "7 Reece Mews: Francis Bacon’s Studio."
(SFEC, 8/17/97, BR p.6)(SSFC, 10/28/01, p.R6)
1993 Mar, 30, Richard
Diebenkorn, SF Bay Area, died. He moved between figuration and
abstraction when the two modes were widely thought to be inimical.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Diebenkorn)(SFEC, 9/28/97, DB
p.36)(SFC, 10/9/97, p.E1,6)
1993 May 10, A Paul Cezanne
still life sold for $28,600,000 in NYC.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1993 May 20, Max Klein (77),
inventor of paint by numbers, died.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1994 Feb 5, Ben Enwonwu
(b.1921), Nigerian artist, died.
(Econ, 7/31/10, p.35)(http://tinyurl.com/25cc7co)
1994 May 7, Norway's most
famous painting, "The Scream," by Edvard Munch, was recovered almost
three months after it was stolen from an Oslo museum.
(AP, 5/7/99)
1995 In Germany Christo and his
wife, Jeanne-Claude, wrapped the Reichstag with over 1 million
square feet of silvery polypropylene fabric, secured with over
51,000 feet of polypropylene rope. The project cost some $13
million.
(SFC, 11/17/98, p.E5)(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A10)
1995 Lucian Freud created his
painting “Benefits Supervisor Sleeping.” In 2008 it was auctioned
for $33.6 million, making him the most expensive living artist.
(WSJ, 5/17/08, p.W2)
1995 Bob Ross (52), American
landscape artist, died. His TV show "The Joy of Painting" was taped
for 11 years until 1993. Reruns continued through 2004.
(WSJ, 4/2/04, p.A1)
1996 Jan 9, Felix
Gonzalez-Torres (b.1957), Cuba-born artist, died in Miami of AIDS
related complications. He was known for his quiet, minimal
installations and sculptures. He was selected posthumously to be the
official American representative to the 2007 Venice Bienalle.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Gonz%C3%A1lez-Torres)(Econ,
9/24/11, p.105)
1996 Jul 20, A new sculpture
museum was scheduled to open in Copan National Park, Honduras, with
exhibits of Mayan work.
(Nat. Hist., 4/96, p.25)
1996 David Flavin (b.1933),
artist, died.
(SFC, 11/8/03, p.D10)
1997 Mar 6, A gunman stole
"Tete de Femme," a million-dollar Picasso portrait, from a London
gallery. A week later, the painting was recovered and two suspects
arrested.
(AP, 3/6/98)
1997 Mar 7, In Australia it was
disclosed that the reputed Aboriginal painter Eddie Burrup was
actually 82-year-old Elizabeth Durack.
(SFC, 3/8/96, p.A11)
1997 Mar 15, An art show that
featured 13 oil paintings by Dr. Kevorkian opened in Royal Oak,
Mich. They depicted severed heads, moldering skulls and rotting
corpses.
(SFC, 3/17/97, p.A2)
1997 Mar 19, Willem de Kooning
(b.1904), Dutch-born abstract painter, considered to be one of the
20th century's greatest painters, died in East Hampton, N.Y. He had
arrived in America as a stowaway in 1926. In 2004 Mark Stevens and
Annalyn Swan authored “de Kooning: An American Master.”
(SFC, 3/20/97, p.A1,6,E1)(AP, 3/19/98)(WSJ,
11/23/04, p.D11)
1997 Dec 16, Ralph Fasanella
(b.1914), American artist, died. His work focused on 20th century
immigration and labor themes.
(SFC, 3/4/11,
p.C7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Fasanella)
1997 Robert Colescott painted
his aquatint "Pontchartrain."
(SFC, 1/29/98, p.C1)
1997 Gordon Newell, sculptor
(92), completed his 9-ton granite that depicts the "flowing waters
of the fountain of life" in Darwin, CA. near Death Valley.
(SFEC, 6/8/97, Z1 p.5)
1997 Frank Stella painted
"Telepilus Laestrygonia II."
(SFC, 3/5/96, p.E5)
1998 Mar 12, Beatrice Wood,
ceramist, died at age 105. She was called "Mama of Dada" for her
liaisons with Marcel Duchamp, Henri-Pierre Roche and others
associated with the Dada movement of the early 20th century. A 1993
documentary was made titled: "Beatrice Wood: The Mama of Dada."
(SFC, 3/14/98, p.A19)
1998 May 3, "The Sevres Road,"
by landscape painter Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, was stolen from
the Louvre.
(AP, 5/3/99)
1999 May 16, The 1956 Picasso
painting, "Woman Nude Before Garden," was slashed by a mental
patient in Amsterdam's Stedelijk Museum.
(WSJ, 2/16/99, p.A20)
1999 The "Pax Jerusalem"
sculpture by Mark di Suvero was acquired by SF and set outside the
California Palace of the Legion of Honor.
(SFC, 12/23/02, p.D1)
1999 Louise Bourgeois (87),
French-born English artist, created his nine meter (30 feet) high
and wide spider. It was made of bronze, stainless steel and marble
and named Maman in tribute to the artist's mother. It initially went
on display at the Tate Modern art gallery.
(Reuters, 10/3/07)
2000 Jun 3, Leonard Baskin
(b.1922), American artist, writer and teacher, died. His work
included paintings, sculptures, woodcuts and etchings.
(SFEC, 7/23/00, DB
p.36)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Baskin)
2000 Jun 9, George Segal
(b.1924), sculptor and painter, died at his home in south Brunswick,
N.J., at age 75.
(SFC, 6/10/00, p.A23)
2000 Johnnie Lee Gray (58),
self taught African-American painter from Spartanburg SC, died. His
paintings included "The Revolution: We Shall Overcome."
(WSJ, 12/3/02, p.D4)
2001 Feb 18, Balthus (b.1908),
painter aka Count Balthazar Klossowski de Rola, died at age 92 in
Switzerland. In 2002 His memoir "Vanished Splendors," as told by
Alain Vircondolet, was published.
(SFC, 2/21/01, p.A18)(AP, 2/18/02)(SSFC, 1/12/03,
p.M3)
2001 Apr 21, Claude Clark
(b.1915), African American painter and printmaker, died in Oakland,
Ca., following a long illness. He was a nationally renowned artist
and teacher. Clark wrote the first curriculum for African and
African American art, shortly after he began a 13-year stint at
Merritt College in Oakland.
(SFC, 2/4/08,
p.D1)(www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-79520788.html)
2001 E.H. Gombrich, art
historian, died. His work included "The Story of Art." In 2002 his
work "The Preference for the Primitive" was published.
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
2002 Feb 15, Peter Voulkos
(b.1924), ceramic artist, died in bowling Green, Ohio.
(www.ceramicsculpture.com/Pages-Voulkos/obit.htm)
2002 Apr 16, Paul Georges (77),
American artist, died in Normandy, France. His work included "Diana
and Actaeon" (1987-1988).
(SFC, 4/30/02, p.A24)
2002 Aug 14, Larry Rivers (78),
pop artist pioneer, died in Southampton, N.Y.
(AP, 8/14/03)
2002 Sep 8, Pop Zhao, a SF
artist, organized volunteers to drape 3 miles of US flags along the
SF coastline in an artistic display of patriotism, remembrance and
strength.
(SFC, 9/9/02, p.A12)
2002 Nov 22, “Cupid’s Span,” a
sculpture by Claes Oldenburg and his wife Coosje van Bruggen (d.2009
at 66), was set on the Embarcadero at the foot of the Bay Bridge.
(SFC, 11/23/02, p.A1)(SFC, 1/20/09, p.B5)
2002 Nov 22, Amilcar de Castro
(82), Brazilian sculptor, died. His work was composed from massive
sheets of iron.
(SFC, 12/3/02, p.A24)
2002 Nov 23, Chilean artist
Roberto Echaurren Matta (91), a master of surrealist painting and
sculpture, died at a hospital near Rome.
(AP, 11/24/02)
2002 Dec 8, Painter and
sculptor Keith Tyson, whose playful artwork is inspired by
scientific theories and often ponders the role of computers in the
modern world, won Britain's prestigious Turner Prize.
(AP, 12/9/02)
2002 In Fort Worth, Texas, the
Modern Art Museum, designed by Tadao Ando, opened.
(WSJ, 12/17/02, p.D8)
2003 Jan 19, Alfredo Zalce
(b.1908), Mexican revolutionary artist, died.
(www.zalce.com/)
2003 Apr 25, Lynn Chadwick
(88), British sculptor, died. He created expressionistic works in
welded iron and bronze.
(SFC, 5/9/03, p.A22)
2003 Jun 2, Felix de Weldon
(b.1907), Austria-born American sculptor, died in Virginia. His most
famous piece is the Marine Corps War Memorial at Arlington cemetery
of five U.S. Marines and one sailor raising the flag of the United
States on Iwo Jima during World War Two.
(http://tinyurl.com/yc7o9bd)
2003 Jun 20, Moshe Kupferman
(77), leading Israeli abstract artist, died in Tel Aviv.
(SFC, 6/24/03, p.A21)
2003 Nov 9, Gordon Onslow (90),
abstract painter, died in Inverness, Ca.
(SFC, 11/13/03, p.A19)
2003 Nov 28, It was reported
that British artist Damien Hirst, winner of the 1995 Turner Prize,
had paid Charles Saatchi some $15 million to buy back about 12 of
his earlier works.
(SFC, 11/28/03, p.I21)
2003 Dec 7, Grayson Perry (43),
British artist, was named winner of the 20th annual Turner Prize. He
decorated ceramic vases with disturbing images and texts.
(SFC, 12/9/03, p.D8)
2004 Jan 31, Harold Shapinsky
(b.1925), abstract expressionist painter, died in Rockville.
(SFC, 2/9/04, p.B4)
2004 May 5, A 1905 painting by
Pablo Picasso titled 'Garcon a la pipe' (Boy with a Pipe) sold for a
record $104 million at Sotheby's in NYC.
(AP, 5/5/04)(WSJ, 5/11/04, p.A18)
2004 May 15, Yang Shen-sum
(92), a Chinese artist who was a master of the Lingnan school of
painting, died in Hong Kong. He had moved to Canada in 1988 and was
in Hong Kong on a visit.
(AP, 5/16/04)
2004 May 24, A fire in London
hit an art storage warehouse and is believed to have destroyed works
by some 100 contemporary Young British artists (YBAs) worth millions
of dollars, including part of a collection owned by former
advertising guru Charles Saatchi.
(AP, 5/26/04)(Econ, 5/29/04, p.58)
2004 Aug 22, In Oslo, Norway,
armed men stormed into the Munch Museum, threatened staff at
gunpoint and stole 2 of Edvard Munch's famous paintings, "The
Scream" and "Madonna" before the eyes of stunned museum-goers.
Another of 4 versions of “The Scream” was stolen in 1994. Police
recovered both paintings in 2006. In 2007 3 men were sentenced to
prison for their roles in the heist. The 3 were ordered to pay a
total of $262 million in compensation.
(AP, 8/22/04)(WSJ, 8/24/04, p.A1)(SFC, 9/1/06,
p.A2)(SFC, 4/24/07, p.D6)
2004 Dec 17, Tom Wesselman
(73), NYC pop artist, died. He was known for his “bedroom still
lifes.”
(SFC, 12/21/04, p.B7)
2004 Elena Votsi, Greek artist,
designed the 2004 Olympic medal. It was the 1st re-design in 76
years.
(AM, 7/04,
p.25)(http://olympic-museum.de/w_medals/wmed2004.htm)
2004 Scott Greene, Albuquerque
artist, created his painting “Stay the Course,” a not-so-veiled
reference to the US ship of state.
(SFC, 1/15/05, p.E10)
2005 Feb 12, Christo and
Jeanne-Claude opened their NYC Central Park Gates project. The $20
million,16-day exhibit featured 7,532 fabric draped steel gates
spanning 23 miles.
(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A1)
2005 Apr 22, Eduardo Paolozzi
(b.1924), sculptor and printmaker, died. In 1952 he helped form an
association of British artists called The Independent Group.
Paolozzi, born in Scotland of Italian parents, became known as a key
contributor to British pop art.
(SSFC, 5/1/05, p.A23)(Econ, 4/30/05, p.82)
2005 In Japan the Chim Pom
collective of 6 artists began creating guerrilla art, blurring the
distinction between art and activism. The majority of their work has
been documented on a series of popular and bestselling DVDs.
(Econ, 3/10/12,
p.98)(www.virtualjapan.com/wiki/Chim_Pom)
2006 Jun 13, Luis Jimenez
(b.1940), Chicago sculptor, was killed in Hondo, New Mexico, while
hoisting pieces of a massive mustang for final assembly. The work
was installed at the Denver Airport in February, 2008.
(SFC, 6/27/06,
p.E2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Jim%C3%A9nez_(sculptor))(WSJ,
2/7/08, p.A1)
2006 Sep 2, In Nevada’s Black
Rock Desert the Burning Man art festival culminated with the burning
of a 40-foot wooden man. It included a Belgian art installation
titled “Uchronia” (aka the Belgian Waffle), a 250,000, 15-story
wooden cavern funded by Jan Kriekels and constructed by 90 Belgium
artists.
(SSFC, 9/3/06, p.B1)
2006 Oct 30, Mose Tolliver
(b.1915), American folk artist, died in Montgomery, Ala.
(WSJ, 11/1/06,
p.A1)(www.antonart.com/bio-mose.htm)
2006 Nov 2, The Jackson Pollock
painting “No. 5 1948” was reportedly sold for a record $140 million.
David Geffen, entertainment mogul sold the work to David Martinez, a
Mexican financier.
(SFC, 11/3/06, p.A10)
2006 Dec 4, Tomma Abts (38)
became the first female painter in the 22-year history of Britain's
$ 49,000 Turner Prize to win the controversial modern art award.
(AFP, 12/4/06)(SFC, 12/5/06, p.F8)
2006 Richard Serra created his
monumental sculpture “Band.” In 2007 Eli Broad, real estate magnate,
gave $10 million to have it installed at the Broad Contemporary Art
Museum in Los Angeles.
(SFC, 2/18/08, p.E1)
2007 Mar 27, Swedish artist
Hans Hedberg (89), known for his outsized fruit and egg ceramic
sculptures and, died.
(AP, 3/29/07)
2007 Apr 8, Sol LeWitt
(b.1928), Connecticut-based artist, photographer and sculptor, died
in NY. He was known for his dynamic wall paintings and as a founder
of minimal and conceptual art styles. “LeWitt brought about a
fundamental shift in taste with sculptures and drawings that put
thought rather than feeling, ideas rather than aesthetics at the
forefront.”
(SFC, 4/10/07, p.D9)(WSJ, 4/21/07, p.P16)(SFC,
3/26/11, p.E1)
2007 May 28, Joerg Immendorff
(b.1945), German artist, died. He was best known for his
“Café Deutschland” series begun in 1978.
(SFC, 5/29/07, p.B3)
2007 Jun 21, In London,
England, Damien Hirst’s “Lullaby spring” sold for $19.1 million, the
highest price paid at auction for a work by a living artist. The
work consisted of a stainless steel cabinet containing 6,136
hand-crafted and painted pills. It was purchased by Sheikha
al-Mayassa al-Thani, the daughter of the emir of Qatar.
(SFC, 6/23/07, p.E4)(Econ, 9/11/10, p.99)
2007 Aug 5, A group of armed,
masked men burst into a museum in the southern French city of Nice
and made off with a painting by French master Claude Monet and two
others by Flemish artist Pieter Brueghel. The paintings were
recovered on June 4, 2008.
(AP, 8/5/07)(AP, 6/5/08)
2007 Oct 21, Ronald Brooks
Kitaj, Ohio-born artist, died in Los Angeles. He had spent much of
his career working in London.
(Econ, 11/3/07, p.102)(http://tinyurl.com/2myah5)
2007 Nov 14, A sculpture by
Jeff Koons of a stainless steel heart hanging from a golden bow sold
for $23.6 million, becoming the most expensive piece by a living
artist ever auctioned.
(AP, 11/15/07)
2007 Dec 3, Artist Mark
Wallinger won Britain's prestigious Turner Prize for a fiercely
anti-war exhibit based on a lone protester's six-year vigil outside
British parliament.
(AP, 12/3/07)
2007 The painting “White
Canoe,” by British artist Peter Doig, sold for $11.2 million, a
record for a living European artist.
(Econ, 2/9/08, p.91)
2008 Feb 6, In eastern
Switzerland 2 paintings by Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) worth nearly
five million Swiss francs (4.5 million dollars, 3.1 million euros)
were stolen from a museum. The two oil paintings, "Tete de Cheval"
from 1962 and "Verre et pichet" from 1944, were stolen from a
cultural centre in the eastern town of Pfaeffikon.
(AFP, 2/8/08)
2008 Mar 12, In Austria a
dispute began with the opening of "Religion, Flesh and Power," a
collection of about 50 paintings, drawings and sculptures, some with
homo-erotic themes, by Austrian artist Alfred Hrdlicka (80). Among
them is Hrdlicka's rendition of the Last Supper: a large, loosely
rendered black and white etching that shows Jesus and his disciples
engaging in sex acts on the table where they shared their final meal
before Christ's crucifixion.
(AP, 4/12/08)
2008 Apr 10, Berlin police
found a body that is probably that of Anna Mikhalchuk (52), a
missing Russian artist, who had been condemned by the Orthodox
Church for an exhibit in her homeland. The death was an apparent
suicide.
(AP, 4/11/08)
2008 Apr 12, Investigators in
Turkey found the body of Giuseppina Pasqualino di Marineo (33), an
Italian artist known as Pippa Bacca. She was last seen on March 31
hitchhiking in a wedding gown. Police detained a man suspected of
killing her.
(AP, 4/12/08)
2008 May 12, Robert
Rauschenberg (b.1925), Texas-born artist, died of heart failure in
Florida. His use of odd and everyday articles earned him regard as a
pioneer in pop art, first gaining fame in the 1950s.
(AP, 5/13/08)
2008 May 14, A triptych by
Francis Bacon (1909-1992), titled “Triptych 1976,” sold for $86.3
million in NYC, a record for contemporary art auctions.
(Econ, 5/17/08, p.79)
2008 Jun 10, In NYC a million
pieces of stainless steel toy parts assembled into a nearly
seven-story model skyscraper glimmered under the hot sun. It was
created by American artist Chris Burden (b.1946). The 16,000-pound
(7,250-kg) "poetic interpretation" of the 30 Rock Building at
Rockefeller Center was made of replicated Erector set pieces from
the toy created by A.C. Gilbert in 1912.
(Reuters, 6/11/08)
2008 Jul 7, Bruce Conner
(b.1933), SF-based artist, died. His collages and prints looked back
to classics of surrealism. His work was later said to look like a
bridge between the Beat generation and postmodernism.
(http://daily.greencine.com/archives/006353.html)(SFC, 7/8/08,
p.B5)(SFC, 5/4/09, p.E3)
2008 Aug 2, Perez Celis
(b.1939), a prestigious Argentine muralist, painter and sculptor,
died in Buenos Aires.
(AP, 8/3/08)
2008 Sep 4, Albanian artist
Saimir Strati in Tirana glued 229,764 corks of various shapes and
colors over a plastic banner measuring 12.94 meters by 7.1 meters to
make the art piece "Romeo with a crown of grapes playing the guitar
while dancing with the sea and the sun". He worked 14 hours a day
for 28 days to complete his project.
(Reuters, 9/4/08)
2008 Sep 15, In London the sale
of pickled sharks, butterfly paintings and other pieces by Damien
Hirst (43), the provocative British artist, raised some US$127
million. The sale continued the next day. Total sales reached $199
million. In 2009 his total auction sales shrunk to $19 million.
(AP, 9/16/08)(Econ, 9/20/08, p.73)(Econ, 9/11/10,
p.99)
2008 Sep 17, In SF the large
“Wall Drawing #935” and “Wall Drawing #936,” conceived by Sol LeWitt
(1928-2007) and painted by his assistants in 1999, were painted over
at the SF Museum of Modern Art. The museum retained the sole right
for their reproduction.
(SFC, 9/19/08, p.E1)
2008 Oct 5, Iba Ndiaye
(b.1928), Senegalese modernist painter, died in Paris.
(SSFC, 10/19/08, p.B6)
2008 Oct 18, UC Berkeley
dedicated the new sculpture “Berkeley Big People” by Emeryville
artist Scott Donohue. It was erected just off I-80 at a cost of
$196,000.
(SFC, 10/17/08, p.A16)
2008 Oct 28, In California Bill
Martin (65), Mendocino realist painter and art teacher, died. His 3
books included “Paintings “1969-1979.”
(SFC, 11/13/08, p.B4)
2008 Nov 12, Walter Gabrielson
(1935), California artist, died, His 1993 self-published
autobiography was titled “Persistence.”
(SSFC, 11/16/08, p.B6)
2008 Nov 17, Guy Peellaert
(b.1934), Belgian painter and collagist, died. His work included the
book “Rock Dreams” (1974), published in collaboration with British
rock journalist Nik Cohn.
(SSFC, 11/23/08, p.B8)
2008 Nov 18, Spanish artist
Miquel Barcelo unveiled his lavish, $23 million ceiling painting at
the European headquarters of the United Nations in Switzerland, a
project that has evoked controversy over its hefty price tag.
(AP, 11/18/08)
2008 Dec 7, Francois-Xavier
Lalanne (81), French sculptor, died at his home in Ury. For 40 years
he and his wife worked in tandem, producing some works jointly,
others independently.
(www.nytimes.com/2008/12/14/arts/design/14lalanne.html)
2008 Dec 27, Sculptor Robert
Graham (b.1938) died in Santa Monica, Ca. His massive bronze works
mark civic monuments across America, included the Franklin Delano
Roosevelt Memorial in Washington.
(AP, 12/28/08)(SFC, 12/29/08, p.A2)
2008 Dec 29, In India Manjit
Bawa 67), a leading Indian artist, died. His work had highlighted
peaceful coexistence.
(AP, 12/29/08)
2008 Dennis Avery, heir to the
Avery labels fortune, commissioned artist Ricardo Arroyo Breceda to
produce life-size sculptures on private property located in
California’s 937-square-mile Anza Borrega Desert State Park, the 2nd
largest state park in the US.
(SSFC, 3/11/12, p.N6)
2009 Jan 12, In Nigeria Susanne
Wenger (93), Austrian-born sculptress, died. She had been initiated
as a Yoruba traditional priestess and was responsible for towering
works of art in one of Nigeria's two World Heritage sites.
(AFP, 1/13/09)
2009 Jan 16, Artist Andrew
Wyeth (b.1917), American artist, died at his home in the
Philadelphia suburb of Chadds Ford. He had portrayed the hidden
melancholy of the people and landscapes of Pennsylvania's Brandywine
Valley and coastal Maine in works such as "Christina's World."
(AP, 1/16/09)
2009 Jan 20, In Belgium the
“Entropa” art installation at the EU headquarters, by Czech artist
David Cerny, covered up the part that showed Bulgaria as a squat
toilet after protests from the aggrieved nation.
(AP, 1/20/09)
2009 Mar 20, Walter Kuhlman
(90), SF Bay Area artist and teacher, died. He was a noted figure in
the postwar Bay Area abstract expressionist movement.
(SFC, 3/30/09, p.B3)
2009 May 17, David Ireland
(b.1930), SF Bay Area sculptor and conceptual artist, died.
(SFC, 5/21/09, p.B6)
2009 Jun 20, The SF Chronicle
displayed a picture of a 9x7x2 foot, miniature, toothpick construct
of San Francisco, created over the last 34 years by Scott Weaver of
Rohnert Park, Ca. Weaver spent some 3,000 hours creating the work.
(SFC, 6/20/09, p.B1)
2009 Jul 1, In India Tyeb Mehta
(b.1925), a celebrated modernist painter, died in Mumbai.
(SSFC, 7/5/09, p.C8)
2009 Jul 7, Ron Nicolino
(b.1939), artist and former resident of Point Richmond, Ca., died of
cancer. He had attempted to string a collection of bras across the
Grand Canyon in the mid-1990s, but was unable to get federal
permission. Instead he and Ellen Duffy concocted the creation of a
bra ball. A dispute led each one to create their own versions.
Nicolino’s 1,600 pound “Big Giant Bra Ball” was left with his mother
in Washington state.
(SFC, 7/16/09, p.D7)
2009 Jul 10, Earl Haig (91),
Scottish artist and son of WWI Field Marshal Douglas Haig, died. He
developed his gift for painting as a prisoner of war in World War
II.
(AP, 7/15/09)
2009 Jul 28, Tony Rosenthal
(b.1914), American artist and abstract sculptor, died in
Southampton, NY. He created the Regent’s Cube located in the
Regent’s Plaza at the Univ. of Michigan, his alma mater.
Commissioned by the Class of 1965 and officially titled “Endover,”
the revolving cube is one of three designed Rosenthal. It was
installed on Regents’ Plaza (the open space bounded by the LS&A
Building, Michigan Union and Fleming Building) in 1968. The others
are at home in New York City and Miami.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Rosenthal)(www.ur.umich.edu/0001/Nov06_00/6.htm)
2009 Jul 29, In South Africa a
ceremony was held for “Fire Walker,” a new four-story sculpture in
Johannesburg. A plaque was unveiled with the names of the South
African artists who created it: William Kentridge and Gerhard Marx.
The three-dimensional steel conception by Marx was of a Kentridge
watercolor.
(AP, 7/29/09)
2009 Sep 24, Emile Norman
(b.1918), pioneering gay artist, died in Monterey, Ca..
(SFC, 9/26/09, p.A12)
2009 Nov 18, Artist Jean-Claude
Denat de Guillebon (b.1935), the Morocco-born wife of environmental
artist Christo, died in NYC. Her Bulgarian-born husband was born
that same day as she was. They had met in Paris in 1958.
(SFC, 11/21/09, p.C3)
2009 Dec 5, Austrian artist
Alfred Hrdlicka (81) died. His controversial works in metal, paint
and pencil alienated as much as attracted the public.
(AP, 12/5/09)
2009 Philip Hook authored “The
Ultimate Trophy: How the Impressionist Painting Conquered the
World.”
(Econ, 5/2/09, p.85)
2010 Feb 3, "L'homme qui marche
I" (Walking Man I), a 1961 life-size bronze statue of a man by Swiss
artist Alberto Giacometti (1901-1966), smashed the world record for
an art work at auction, selling in London for £65,001,250.
(AFP,
2/4/10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti)
2010 Feb 25, In India a Hindu
newspaper said India's best-known painter M.F. Husain (94), who went
into exile after death threats from Hindu hardliners, has been
granted Qatari citizenship, sparking new soul-searching about his
persecution at home. Husain, known as the "Picasso of India," had
angered hardline Hindus by portraying Hindu deities in the nude or
in a sexually suggestive manner.
(AFP, 2/25/10)
2010 Apr 29, Avigdor Arikha
(b.1929), Holocaust surviving artist, died in Paris. He was perhaps
the best painter from life in the last decades of the 20th century.
(Econ, 5/15/10,
p.94)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avigdor_Arikha)
2010 May 12, In San Francisco
Mayor Newsom presided over the official dedication of a 3-story,
15-ton Buddha sculpture, “Three heads Six Arms” by artist Zhang
Huan, to mark the city’s 30th anniversary sister city relationship
with Shanghai. The one year lease expired and the work was
dismantled on Feb 15, 2011, for return to Zhang Huan.
(SFC, 5/13/10, p.C1)(SFC, 2/14/11, p.C1)
2010 May 31, Louise Bourgeois
(1911), Paris-born artist, died in NYC. The figures in her 1984
“Nature Study” lacked heads but had multiple breasts, phalluses and
claws. Her “Crouching Spider” sculpture was installed at Pier 14 in
San Francisco and stayed their from 2003 to 2009.
(SFC, 6/2/10, p.C4)(Econ, 6/12/10, p.97)
2010 May 3, Karl Kasten
(b.1916), painter, printmaker and UC Berkeley professor, died.
(SFC, 6/3/10,
p.C5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Kasten)
2010 Sep 8, Michael Lassen
(61), English stained-glass artist, died in a hospital after falling
from a ladder on Sep 3, while working on a widow at the Durham
cathedral.
(Econ, 10/9/10, p.124)
2011 Jan 26, In South Korea an
art exhibition by North Korean defector Song Byeok opened in Seoul.
One work featured the head of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il,
smiling beneath his trademark sunglasses and wall of black hair,
atop the body of Marilyn Monroe, pushing down her white dress in an
updraft.
(AP, 1/26/11)
2011 Apr 14, Augusto Marin
(b.1921), one of Puerto Rico's best-known painters and muralists,
died. He was best known for large paintings and murals in the modern
style that blended Caribbean and religious elements.
(AP, 4/14/11)
2011 Jul 5, Cy Twombly (83),
American painter, died in Rome. The Cy Twombly Gallery in Houston,
designed by Renzo Piano, opened in 1995.
(SFC, 7/6/11, p.C7)
2011 Jul 20, Lucian Freud
(b.1922), Berlin-born realist painter, died in London. The grandson
of psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud was widely seen as Britain's top
contemporary artist.
(AFP,
7/22/11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucian_Freud)
2011 Jul 26, Australian painter
Margaret Olley (88), one of Australia's most important and respected
artists, was found dead at her Sydney home. She was best known for
her colorful still life paintings.
(AP, 7/26/11)
2011 Aug 6, Roman Opalka
(b.1931), French-born Polish painter, died in France. In 1965 in his
studio in Warsaw, Opalka began painting a process of counting – from
one to infinity.
(Econ, 8/20/11,
p.79)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Opa%C5%82ka)
2011 Sep 5, Cambodian painter
Van Nath (65) died. He had been forced to paint portraits of Pol Pot
while interned at S-21 from 1978-1979. From 1980-1981 he painted
from memory somber oils of what had happened at S-21 under the Khmer
Rouge.
(Econ, 9/17/11, p.93)
2011 Sep 13, British pop art
pioneer Richard Hamilton (b.1922) died. His work ranged from images
of consumer culture to parodies of political leaders. One of his
best-known works was the plain white cover for the Beatles’ "White
Album" of 1968.
(AFP,
9/14/11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hamilton_%28artist%29)
2011 Sep 27, In Germany an
artist identified as Wolfgang B. (60), admitted in court that he
faked 14 modern paintings that sold for millions of dollars. 4
people were accused of fraud totaling $22 million in the case in
Cologne.
(SFC, 9/28/11, p.A4)
2011 Dec 5, Scottish artist
Martin Boyce (44), whose works include a modernist reworking of a
library table and artificial trees, won Britain's Turner Prize at a
ceremony in Gateshead, north-east England.
(AFP, 12/5/11)
2011 Dec 30, Ronald Searle
(b.1920, British artist and satirical cartoonist, died in France. He
survived the notorious Death Railway while a prisoner of war of the
Japanese during World War II. He is perhaps best remembered as the
creator of St Trinian's School and for his collaboration with
Geoffrey Willans on the Molesworth series.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Searle)(Econ, 1/14/12, p.94)
2012 Mar 3 Ralph
McQuarrie (b.1929), movie artist, died in Berkeley, Ca. He helped
envision the Star Wars films of George Lucas.
(SFC, 3/7/12, p.C3)
2012 Mar 10, In Los Angeles,
Ca., a 340 ton granite boulder arrived at the LA County Museum of
Art under the direction of earth artist Michael Heizer.
(Econ, 3/17/12, p.38)
2012 Mar 30, Australian artist
Tim Storrier won the 91st Archibald Prize at the Art Gallery of NSW
in Sydney for his painting “The Histrionic Wayfarer (after Bosch).”
The Archibald Prize is one of Australia’s oldest and most
prestigious art prizes.
(AFP, 3/30/12)
2012 Apr 2, Sculptor and
printmaker Elizabeth Catlett (b.1915), a US expatriate renowned for
her dignified portrayals of African-American and Mexican women, died
in Cuernavaca, Mexico. She was barred from her home country for
political activism during the McCarthy era. In 1962 the US State
Department banned her from returning to the United States for nearly
a decade because of her political affiliations.
(AP, 4/3/12)
2012 Apr 6, California artist
Thomas Kinkade (54) died. His brushwork paintings of idyllic
landscapes, cottages and churches were big sellers for dealers
across the country.
(AP, 4/6/12)
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Subject = Artists
End of file