Timeline of Artists
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c2,500BCE In
Egypt Pharaoh Chephren is considered to have been the builder of the
Great Sphinx of Giza, which is believed to show his face. In 2002
Christine Zivie-Coche authored "Sphinx: History of a Monument."
(SFC, 5/26/98, p.A8)(WSJ, 1/10/03, p.W7)
967 Li Cheng (b.919), Chinese
artist of the song Dynasty, died.
(SFC, 6/28/08, p.E1)
1090 Guo Xi (b.~1001), Chinese
artist of the song Dynasty, died about this time.
(SFC, 6/28/08, p.E1)
1178 A Chinese colored scroll from
this time depicted Buddhist guardians washing their clothes in a
mountain stream. Buddha (d.483BCE) was said to have entrusted 16
disciples with the task of guarding the faith.
(SFC, 12/5/03, p.D7)
c1255 Duccio di Buoninsegna
(d.1319), Sienese painter, was born.
(Econ, 1/17/04, p.75)
1260-1555 In 2004 Diana Norman covered this period in
her book: "Painting in the Late Medieval and Renaissance Siena."
(Econ, 1/17/04, p.75)
1267 Giotto (d.1337), Italian
painter, was born about this time.
(V.D.-H.K.p.128)(WSJ, 11/113/00,
p.A24)(www.mediacult.com/art/giotto/chrono.html)
1278-1477 In 2004 Tim Hyman covered this period in
his book: "Sienese Painting: "The Art of a City-Republic."
(Econ, 1/17/04, p.75)
1303 The Padova Chapel was
completed. Giotto began painting a fresco cycle there with scenes from
the Old and New Testaments.
(SFC,11/18/97, p.E7)
1305 Giotto finished a cycle of
frescoes inside the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua.
(SFC, 11/17/01, p.D4)
1337 Jan 8, Giotto (b.c.1267),
Italian artist, died. His frescoes showed a new realism and vitality.
Art historians later held that the Renaissance dawned in Florence with
Giotto's paintings. He cracked the formal stylization of Byzantine
painting and reinvented the ancient art of creating depth on a flat
surface. In 2000 art historians found evidence that Pietro Cavallini
re-introduced depth in his paintings in Rome around 1190.
(V.D.-H.K.p.128)(WSJ, 11/113/00,
p.A24)(www.mediacult.com/art/giotto/chrono.html)
1348 Ambrogio Lorenzetti (b.1290),
Sienese painter, died. His work included the 3 murals titled “War,”
“Peace” and “Good Government,” in the Chamber of Peace of Siena’s town
hall.
(WSJ, 12/1/07, p.W14)
1370 Andrei Rublev, Russian icon
painter, was born about this time.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1387 The Italian painter Fra
Angelico (d.1455), Giovanni da Fiesole, was born about this time. His
work included the "Annunciation." The 1997 book "Fra Angelico" by John
T. Spike was hailed as the art book of the year.
(WUD, 1994, p.57)(SFEC,12/797, Par p.6)
1405 Andrei Rublev, Russian icon
painter, painted the iconostasis of the Cathedral of the Gospel with
Theophan the Greek; this was the 1st work executed in the classical
Russian style, distinguished from the Byzantine by its great height and
width and organization of multiple, varied icons along axes.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1410 Andrei Rublev, Russian icon
painter, painted the icon “The Old Testament Trinity,” which showed
Abraham’s 3 angels. This is the only work known to be entirely his own.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1419 The marble Fonte Gaia in
Siena was sculpted by Jacopo della Quercia.
(WSJ, 4/29/03, D5)
1427 Gentile De Fabriano
(b.~1378), Italian painter, died about this time. His work included
“The Adoration of the Kings” (1423).
(WSJ, 12/19/08, p.W9A)(
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06421a.htm)
1428-1430 Andrei Rublev, Russian icon painter, took
part in painting the frescoes of the Andronikov Monastery’s Church of
the Savior.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1430 Jan 29, Andrei Rublev,
Russian icon painter, died and was buried in the Andronikov Monastery.
In 1966 the Russian film “Andrei Rublev” was made by Andrei Tarkovsky.
(DVD, Criterion, 1998)
1430 Hans Memling (d.1494),
painter of the Flemish school, was born in Seligenstadt, Germany.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.894)
1431 Andrea Mantegna (d.1506),
Italian painter and engraver, was born.
(WUD, 1994, p.1534)(WSJ, 6/6/96, p.A12)(SFEC,
7/13/97, p.T11)
1438 Jan van Eyck (1385-1441)
painted his "Portrait of Cardinal Niccols Albergati."
(SFC, 1/5/01, p.C9)
1439-1440 Donatello (1386-1466), Florentine artist,
completed his bronze statue of David about this time. It was
commissioned by Cosimo de Medici.
(WSJ, 1/11/99,
p.R53)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_%28Donatello%29)
1441 Jun, Jan/Johannes van Eyck
(b.1395), Flemish painter (Lamb Gods), died in Brugge.
(www.wga.hu/tours/flemish/eyck/brothers.html)
1445-1510 Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter, was
born in Florence as Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi. His work included
"The Birth of Venus" "Madonna of the Eucharist" (c1472-1475) and
"Portrait of a Man with a Medal." His work "Venus and Mars" is at the
London National Gallery. He belongs to the era of the Quattro cento,
when artists were still struggling to break free of the rigid outlines
of the Middle Ages. His solution was the use of curved lines. Vasari
later claimed that Botticelli was a follower of Savonarola, the
religious zealot.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.173)(WSJ, 2/5/97,
p.A16)(SFEC, 2/1/98, p.T8)
1446 Apr 16, Filippo Brunelleschi
(69), architect, sculptor and goldsmith, died and was buried in the
Cathedral of St. Mary of the Flower in Florence. In the 1490s Antonio
di Tuccio Manetti authored "The Life of Brunelleschi." In 1974 Isabelle
Hyman authored "Brunelleschi in Perspective."
(ON, 9/00, p.8)(MC, 4/16/02)
c1450-1516 Hieronymus Bosch, painter was born.
Hieronymous van Aken was born in the small Dutch Brabant city of
‘s-Hertogenbosch in Flanders.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.172)(WSJ, 8/25/98,
p.A12)(WSJ, 10/11/01, p.A19)
1452 Apr 15, Leonardo da Vinci
(d.1519), Italian painter, sculptor, scientist and visionary, was born
in Vinci near Florence. He apprenticed to the painters Verrocchio and
Antonio Pollaiuolo and was accepted to the Florentine painters' guild
at twenty. Only seventeen surviving paintings can be attributed to him.
These include: "The Last Supper" in Milan, the "Mona Lisa" and "The
Virgin and Child with St. Anne" in the Louvre. He tried to express his
immense knowledge of the world by simply looking at things. The secret
he said was "saper vedere," to know how to see. His final "Visions of
the End of the World" was a sketchbook in which he tried to depict his
sense of the forces of nature, which in his imagination he conceived of
as possessing a unity that no one had ever seen before. His use of a
smoky atmosphere (sfumato) helped create an impression of lifelikeness.
(V.D.-H.K.p.137)(WSJ, 2/5/97, p.A16)(HN, 4/15/98)
1453 Piero della Francesca
(1415/1420-1492) began work on the "Legenda della Vera Croce" (The
Legend of the True Cross) at the church of San Francesco in Arezzo. He
was commissioned by the Bacci family of Arezzo to complete the work
begun by Bicci de Lorenzo.
(WSJ, 6/02/97, p.A20)(WSJ, 2/2/08, p.W14)
1455 Mar 18, Fra Angelico, Italian
monk and Renaissance painter born around 1387 as Guido di Pietro, died.
Fra Angelico gained a reputation as a painter under that name before
joining the Dominicans in the 1420s. However, much of the influence
found in his work is thought to come from Dominican teachings. He
stayed at Dominican monasteries in Florence for most of his life doing
a variety of religious painting until being called to Rome in 1445 by
Pope Eugene IV, where he completed several chapel frescoes. Returning
to Florence in the early 1450s, he died on a return visit to Rome in
1455 and is entombed at the church of Santa Maria della Minerva. In
1984 Fra Angelico was beatified by Pope John Paul II.
(HNQ,
3/6/01)(http://gallery.euroweb.hu/bio/a/angelico/biograph.html)(WSJ,
11/9/05, p.D16)
1464 Desiderio da Settignano
(b.~1439), Renaissance sculptor, died in Florence.
(WSJ, 9/11/07, p.D6)
1469 May 19, Giovanni della
Robbia, Italian sculptor, was born.
(MC, 5/19/02)
1470 The earliest documented work
by Botticelli was made. "Fortitude" was an allegory portraying a woman
who embodies the virtue of inner strength.
(SFC, 6/20/97, p.A9)
1472 Mar 28, Fra Bartolommeo
(d.1517), Florentine Renaissance painter, was born.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra_Bartolommeo)
1472 Apr 15, Leon Battista Alberti
(b.1404), Italian humanist, architect (Philodoxis), died. He wrote the
1st Italian grammar, the 1st theory of painting as an art, and the
treatise "On the Art of Building." In 1970 Joan Gadol authored a
biography. In 2000 Anthony Grafton authored the biography "Leon
Battista Alberti."
(WSJ, 11/30/00, p.A20)(MC, 4/15/02)
1472 Hans Memling painted “The
Virgin and Child With St. Anthony Abbot and Donor.”
(SFC, 10/18/05, p.D2)
1475 Mar 6, Michelangelo
Buonarroti (d.1564), painter, sculptor and architect, was born. His
early mentor was Bertoldo di Giovanni, a pupil of Donatello. His work
included "The Creation of Adam" and the "Pieta Rondanini." He at one
time proposed to sculpt the 5,000 foot Monte Sagro in Carrara into the
statue of a giant.
(WUB, 1994, p. 904)(WSJ, 2/29/96, p.A-14)(AAP, 1964)
(SFEC, 7/13/97, p.T11)(SFEC,10/19/97, p.T4)(HN, 3/6/98)
1475-1476 Petrus Christus (b. c1415), Netherlandish
painter, died in Brugge.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=2806)
1478 Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
painted "La Primavera" about this time.
(WSJ, 4/14/07, p.P11)
c1478 Giorgione (d.1510), Italian
painter, was born.
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(WSJ, 12/4/97, p.A20)
1480 Sandro Botticelli painted
"The Birth of Venus."
(WSJ, 2/5/97, p.A16)
1481 Sandro Botticelli painted
"The Annunciation."
(SFC, 10/7/03, p.D8)
1483 Mar 28, Raphael, painter
(School of Athens), was born in Urbino, Italy. [see Apr 6]
(MC, 3/28/02)
1483 Apr 6, Raphael (Raffaello
Sanzio, d.1520), Dutch painter (Sistine Madonna), was born to an
unremarkable painter in the Duchy of Urbino. He went on to paint works
in the Vatican. After an apprenticeship in Perugia, he went to
Florence, having heard of the work da Vinci and Michelangelo were
doing. His last 12 years were spent on numerous commissions in Rome. He
died on his 37th birthday, his funeral mass being celebrated in the
Vatican. [see Mar 28]
(HN, 4/6/98)(HNQ, 11/17/00)
1484 Bartolomeo di Giovanni
Corradini, Italian painter who joined the Dominican order as Fra
Carnevale, died.
(Econ, 12/11/04, p.82)
1485 Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
painted "Venus and Mars" about this time.
(WSJ, 6/16/07, p.P16)
1487 Hans Memling (c.1440-1494),
Flemish painter, painted the diptych “Virgin and Child” and “Maarten
van Nieuwenhove” (1463-1500), who was his patron.
(SFC, 10/18/05, p.D2)(SFC, 12/23/06, p.E12)
1489 A sculpture St. George and
the Dragon, created by Bernt Notke, was unveiled in Stockholm, Sweden.
He composed the dragon entirely of elk horns.
(SSFC, 8/19/07, p.G4)
c1492 Andrea Montegna, Italian
painter, created his "Descent Into Limbo," a depiction of Christ
descending into limbo to liberate the souls of the righteous. In 2003
the work sold for $28 million.
(SFC, 1/24/03, p.D2)
1492 Piero della Francesca
(b.1415/1420), Italian artist, died. His work included “The Virgin and
child with Saints, angels and Federigo da Montefeltro” (1472-1474).
(WSJ, 2/2/08, p.W14)
1494 May 25, Jacopo Pontormo
(d.1557), Italian painter (Sepulture of Christ), was born. He
represented what Vasari called the terza maniera, the third or modern
manner of painting.
(WUD, 1994, p.1118)(WSJ, 10/29/96, p.A21)(SC,
5/25/02)
1494 Aug 11, Hans Memling
(b.1435), German-born master of Flemish painting, died in Brugge.
(www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/memling/)
1496 Juan de Flandes painted
“Christ Calming the Storm,” a commission by Spain’s Queen Isabel.
(WSJ, 12/16/04, p.D8)
1497 Jul 22, Francesco Botticini
(c52), Italian painter, died.
(MC, 7/22/02)
1497 Hans Holbein the Younger
(d.1543), painter, was born in Augsburg, Bavaria.
(WSJ, 12/30/06,
p.P10)(www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/holbein/)
1497 Sandro Botticelli painted
"The Calumny." It showed King Midas with donkey ears.
(SFC, 10/7/03, p.D8)
1500 Albrecht Durer (1471-1528) of
Nuremburg painted a self-portrait later described as the most gorgeous
portrait ever painted.
(WSJ, 3/15/08, p.W16)
1501 Michelangelo was commissioned
by Florence, his native home, to carve the colossal statue "David." The
work had been by Agostino di Duccio around 1465. Michelangelo finished
it in 1504. It was placed at the front of the Palazzo Signoria. In 1873
it was cleaned and moved indoors.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.8)(WSJ, 4/29/03, D5)
1503 Parmigianino (d.1540),
painter and master draftsman, was born. His paintings included "Madonna
of the Long Neck."
(WSJ, 2/12/00, p.A25)
1503 Leonardo Da Vinci began
painting the "Mona Lisa." The model was Lisa Gheradini whose relatives
had emigrated to Ireland in the 12th century and translated their
surname to Fitzgerald, an ancestral name of later US president John F.
Kennedy. Lisa Gherardini (b.1479) was originally identified as the
subject of the world's most famous painting by Leonardo's first
biographer, the 16th-century Italian writer Giorgio Vasari. [see Nov 3,
1507]
(TL-MB, 1988, p.8)(SFC, 4/26/97, p.E4)(AP, 9/13/04)
1503 Leonardo da Vinci was
commissioned to decorate a hall in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. For
some 18 months he worked on a mural for the 1440 Battle of Anghiari but
abandoned the work in 1506. The mural was later lost when Georgio
Vasari was hired to remodel the hall.
(WSJ, 11/9/07, p.W4)
1504 Apr 18, Fra Filippo Lippi
(~52), painter, died.
(MC, 4/18/02)
1505 Pope Julius II summoned
Michelangelo to Rome to design the pope’s tomb. The contract was
revised 5 times and only 3 of 40 large figures were executed.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.9)(OG)
1505 Leonardo da Vinci painted
“The Battle of Anghiari” on a wall in Florence’s Palazzo Vecchio. It
commemorated a victory of Florentine forces over the ruling Medici. In
1563 the Medici, having regained power, hired Giorgio Vasari to cover
up Leonardo’s work with a painting celebrating one of their own martial
successes. It was later thought that Vasari hid the original behind his
new work.
(WSJ, 4/10/08, p.D7)
1505 Giorgione painted "The
Concert."
(WSJ, 7/16/02, p.D6)
1505 Raphael painted his “Madonna
of the Goldfinch” about this time for the wedding of a friend, Lorenzo
Nasi. The painting was shredded in 1548 when Nasi’s palace collapsed.
The work was pieced together and modern restoration, which began in
1999, was completed in 2008.
(SFC, 10/31/08, p.E7)
1506 Albrecht Durer painted his
"Portrait of a Young Woman."
(SFEC, 12/26/99, p.C17)
1506 Giorgione painted “The Three
Philosophers” about this time.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1506 Andrea Mantegna (b.1431),
Italian painter and engraver, died. His paintings included a dead
Christ, “Christo Morto,” whose bare feet seem to stick out of the
picture. He also painted "Virgin and Child in Glory."
(WSJ, 6/6/96, p.A12)(SFEC, 7/13/97, p.T11)(WSJ,
11/10/07, p.W14)
1507 Nov 3, Leonardo da Vinci was
commissioned to paint Lisa Gherardini ("Mona Lisa"). The husband of
Lisa del Giocondo commissioned Leonardo da Vinci to paint the "Mona
Lisa," shortly after she had 3 teeth pulled and false teeth fitted. In
2001 Donald Sassoon authored "Becoming Mona Lisa: The Making of a
Global Icon." [see 1503]
(SFC, 3/21/98, p.E3)(HN, 11/3/00)(WSJ, 12/7/01,
p.W16)
1507 Giorgione painted his “Sunset
Landscape” about this time.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1508 Giorgione painted "The
Tempesta," a landscape of a stormy setting with a town in the
background, a soldier lower left and a woman nursing to the right. It
is at the Academia Gallery in Venice.
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(WSJ, 12/4/97, p.A20)
1509 Fra Bartolommeo, Italian
artist, painted "The Holy Family with the Infant St. John." It was
purchased by the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) for close to
$4 million. His work "The Holy Family with the Infant St. John," was
purchased by the John Paul Getty Museum in Malibu for $22.5 mil.
(WUD, 1994, p.123)(SFC, 5/13/96, p.D-5)(WSJ,
10/29/96, p.A21)(SFEC, 1/11/98, p.A23)
1510 May 17, Sandro Botticelli
(b.1445), Florentine artist born as Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni
Filipepi, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli)
1510 Bernard Pallissy (d.1590),
French ceramicist, painter and writer, was born.
(www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=867&page=1)
1510 Giovanni Bellini painted
“Virgin With the Blessing Child.”
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1510 Raphael painted "The Triumph
of Galatea," a fresco on the wall of the Farnesina, the villa of
Agnostino Chigi.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.10)
1510 Giorgione (b.~1478), Italian
painter, died of the plague. He was a top student of Bellini and
excelled in the paragone: a competition between painting an poetry,
where painters sought to rival poets in conveying beauty. Titian
finished Giorgione’s “Sleeping Venus.”
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(WSJ, 12/4/97, p.A20)(Econ,
7/29/06, p.77)
1511 Jul 30, Giorgio Vasari
(d.1574), Italy, painter, architect and art historian (Vasari's Lives),
was born. He wrote "Lives of the Artists."
(WUD, 1994, p.1582)(MC, 7/30/02)
1511 Fra Bartolomeo painted "The
Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine." He emphasizing his mastery in the
display of draperies.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.10)
1514 Giovanni Bellini painted
“Feast of the Gods.” The painting depicts Ovid’s tale of how Vesta,
goddess of virginity is approached while sleeping by Priapus, god of
fertility, who begins to twitch up her tunic. At that moment a donkey
sneezes and awakens Vesta, who quickly awakes and runs away. It is now
on exhibit at the National Gallery of Art in Wa., DC.
(T&L, 10/1980, p.66)(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1515 Giovanni Bellini
(b.~1430-1516), Italian artist, painted his masterpiece “Lady With a
Mirror.
(Econ, 7/29/06, p.77)
1515 Hans Holbein the Younger
arrived in Basel, the European center of book publishing. The city in
1997 owned 340 prints by Holbein.
(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1516 Hans Holbein in Basel painted
a wooden shingle as a sort of advertisement for the schoolmaster Oswald
Geishüsler. It marked the beginning of "profane" painting in the
West.
(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1516 Titian began "The Assumption
of the Virgin," a monumental altarpiece in the Church of the Frari,
Venice.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.11)
1516 Giovanni Bellini (b.~1430),
Italian artist, died in Venice. Giorgione and Titian had graduated from
his workshop.
(Econ, 7/29/06,
p.77)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Bellini)
1517 Oct 6, Fra Bartolommeo
(b.1472), Florentine Renaissance painter, died. He was a Dominican monk
nicknamed Baccio della Porta. His work included a portrait of
Savonarola.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra_Bartolommeo)(SFC,
5/13/96, p.D-5)
1518 Sep 29, Jacopo Tintoretto
(d.1588), Italian artist, was born.
(Econ, 2/10/07,
p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintoretto)
1518 Raphael painted a portrait of
Leo X which showed spectacles with concave lenses for short-sightedness.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.11)
1518 Raphael began painting the
nude model “La Fornarina” (the Little Baker Girl). It was completed
about 1519.
(www.abcgallery.com/R/raphael/raphael58.html)
1518 Titian painted "Offering to
Venus."
(NH, 6/01, p.47)
1519 May 2, Artist Leonardo da
Vinci (67) died at Cloux, France. In 1994 A. Richard Turner wrote
"Inventing Leonardo," a history of Leonardo legends. In 2004 Bulent
Atalay authored “Math and the Mona Lisa: The Art and Science of
Leonardo da Vinci.” In 2004 Charles Nicholl authored “Leonard da Vinci:
The Flights of the Mind.”
http://library.thinkquest.org/13681/data/davin2.shtml?tqskip=1
(AP, 5/2/97)(NH, 5/97, p.58)(Econ, 5/15/04,
p.80)(Econ, 12/11/04, p.81)
1520 Apr 6, Raphael (b.1483),
[Sanzio], Italian painter (Sistine Madonna), died on his 37th birthday.
His work included "The Veiled Lady" and a set of cartoons that were
woven into 10 tapestries titled "The Acts of the Apostles" (1544-1557).
(WSJ, 4/11/02,
p.D7)(www.abcgallery.com/R/raphael/raphaelbio.html)
1522 Aug 27, Giovanni A. Amadei
(75), Amadeo, Italian sculptor, architect, died.
(MC, 8/27/02)
1522-1524 Titian painted "Bacchanal of the Andrians"
during this period.
(WSJ, 8/3/06, p.D5)
1523 Titian painted "Bacchus and
Ariadne," a heroic mythological composition for Alfonso d’Este, Duke of
Ferrara. It is now at the London National Gallery.
(TL-MB, p.12)(SFEC, 2/1/98, p.T8)
1523 Hans Holbein completed the
first of several portraits of Erasmus in Basel. He also began the
design of 51 plates on the "Dance of Death," which reflected ideas of
the Reformation.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.12)(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1524 Hans Holbein the Elder (b.
c1460), German-born artist, died in Eisenheim.
(www.abcgallery.com/H/holbein/fholbeinbio.html)
1526 Zhu Duan (b.1464), Chinese
artist, died. His work included the hanging scroll “Looking at a Misty
River at Dusk.”
(http://wwar.com/masters/z/zhu_duan.html)(SFC,
6/28/08, p.E1)
1527 Giuseppe Arcimboldi (d.1593),
Italian painter [Arcimboldo], was born.
(WUD, 1994, p.78)(WSJ, 7/10/97, p.A13)
1528 Apr 6, Albrecht Durer
(b.1471), German painter, graphic artist, died in Germany.
(SFEC, 2/9/97, DB p.6)(MC, 4/6/02)
1530 Titian, Italian artist and
chief master of the Venetian school, painted Cardinal Ippolito
de’Medici. He became court painter in Bologna.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)
1533 Hans Holbein the Younger
(1497-1543) painted "The Ambassadors," a brilliant portrait of two
French ambassadors to England.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)(WSJ, 12/30/06, p.P10)
1533 Titian painted "Charles V."
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)
1534 Mannerism, influenced by
Michelangelo, developed in painting and architecture. Francesco
Parmigianino (1503-1540), painter of the "Madonna with the Long Neck,"
was a leading exponent.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.14)(Econ, 1/26/08, p.82)
1536 Titian painted the "Portrait
of Francesco Maria della Rovere, Duke of Urbino."
(WSJ, 3/9/98, p.A16)
1538 Titian painted his "Urbino V."
(TL-MB, 1988, p.15)
1538 Benvenuto Cellini
(1500-1571), Florentine artist, was imprisoned for about a year in the
dungeon beneath the papal fortress of Castel Sant’Angelo for killing
his brother’s murderer.
(SSFC, 7/22/07, p.G2)
1540 Renaissance artist Lucas
Cranach the Elder (1472-1553) created his painting "Suffer the Little
Children to Come Unto Me" about this time In 2009 it was stolen from a
Lutheran church in the southern Norway town of Larvik. It’s value was
estimated at 15-20 million kroner ($2.1-$2.8 million).
(AP, 3/8/09)
1540 Francesco Mazzola
Parmigianino (b.1503), Italian painter and master draftsman, died. His
paintings included "Antea."
(Econ, 1/26/08, p.82)
1541 El Greco (d.1614), artist,
was born in Crete. He settled in Toledo, Spain, in 1577 and died there.
(WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)
1541 Lorenzo Lotto, Italian
artist, painted the "Portrait of a Man With a Felt Hat."
(WSJ, 1/15/98, p.A17)
1544-1545 Titian painted "Danaë."
(WSJ, 5/8/03, p.D8)
1546 Titian painted his great
family portrait of Paul III and his Grandsons Ottavio and Cardinal
Alessandro Farnese.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.17)
1548 Tintoretto, Italian
Renaissance artist, painted his work "St. Mark Rescuing the Slave."
(TL-MB, 1988, p.17)
1548 Jacopo Tintoretto
(1518-1594), Venetian school Italian artist, established his fame with
the painting “Miracle of the Slave.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintoretto)(Econ,
2/10/07, p.90)
1548 Titian painted his portrait
of Charles V at Muhlberg.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.17)
1561 Simon Bening, Flemish
painter, died. He was known as the best illuminator of his time.
(Econ, 1/3/04, p.62)
1565 Dec 9, Pius IV (66),
[Gianangelo de' Medici], Italian Pope (1559-65), died.
(MC, 12/9/01)
1565 Tintoretto (c.1518-1594)
created his “Crucifixion,” later considered the single best example of
Italian Renaissance religious art.
(WSJ, 9/22/07, p.W10)
1566-1572 Pius V (b. 1504) led the Catholic Church.
(HN, 1/17/99)
1567 May 1, Michiel Jansz van
Mierevelt, Dutch royal painter, was born.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1571 Feb 14, Benvenuto Cellini
(b.1500), Florentine goldsmith and sculptor, writer (Perseus), died.
His 1545 autobiography greatly influenced the Renaissance.
(HN, 11/1/00)(WSJ, 2/14/00,
p.A20)(www.boglewood.com/cornaro/xcellini.html)
1576 Aug 27, The Venetian painter
Titian (Tiziano Vecelli), born about 1488, died of the plague. His
handling of color and mastery of new oil techniques made him one of the
greatest painters of the Renaissance.
(Reuters,
8/28/01)(www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/tita/hd_tita.htm)
1577 Jun 28, Pietro Paul Rubens
(d.1640), Flemish painter, was born in Germany, the child of
protestants exiled from Antwerp. His work included "Helene Fourment"
and "The Abduction of the Daughters of Leucippus."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1250)(HN, 6/28/01) (Econ,
5/15/04, p.81)
1577 Painter El Greco (36), born
in Crete as Domenikos Theotokopoulos, went to Spain and settled there
permanently in Toledo.
(TL-MB, 1988, p.22)(WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)
1581 May 6, Frans Francken, the
Younger, painter, was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1583 The painting “Newborn Baby in
a Crib” by Lavinia Fontana (1552-1614), Italian artist, was completed
about this time.
(WSJ, 12/23/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavinia_Fontana)
1584 Lavinia Fontana of Bologna
painted her "Portrait of the Gozzadini Family."
(SFC, 3/30/98, p.D1)
1585 Luca Cambiaso (b.1527),
Genovese Renaissance painter, died in San Lorenzo de El Escorial,
Spain, where he was working under commission for King Phillip II.
(www.artnet.com/artist/3516/luca-cambiaso.html)
1586 El Greco began to paint "The
Burial of Count Orgaz." This depicted the miracle of the saintly
count’s funeral, where St. Augustine and St. Stephen personally descend
from heaven to bury the corpse with their own hands.
(TL-MB, p.24)(WSJ, 11/6/03, p.D10)
1588 Apr 9, Paolo Veronese
(b.1528), Italian painter, died in Venice. His paintings included “The
Choice Between Virtue and Vice.” He was the son of sculptor Gabriele
Caliari.
(WSJ, 6/15/06,
p.D7)(http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/veronese/veronese_bio.htm)
1591 Giuseppe Arcimboldo painted a
portrait of Emperor Rudolf II as Vertumnus, the Roman god of seasons.
(WSJ, 9/9/06, p.P9)
1592 Mar 10, Michiel Coxcie,
Flemish court painter, carpet designer, died.
(MC, 3/10/02)
1593 Mar 19, Georges de la Tour
(d.1652), French painter, was born. His night painting "The Penitent
Magdelene" features a seated woman contemplating a flame with one hand
resting on a skull.
(NH, 10/96, p.39)(MC, 3/19/02)
1593 Jul 11, Giuseppe Arcimboldo
(b.1527), Italian painter, died. Arcimboldo painted representations of
objects, such as fruits and vegetables, on the canvas arranged in such
a way that the whole collection of objects formed a recognizable
likeness of the portrait subject. He painted a portrait of Holy Roman
Emperor Rudolf II composed entirely of vegetables.
(WUD, 1994, p.78)(WSJ, 7/10/97,
p.A13)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo)
1594 Apr 15, Flemish painter
Pieter Stevens was appointed royal painter of Rudolf II in Prague.
(MC, 4/15/02)
1594 May 31, Jacopo Tintoretto
(b.1518), Italian artist, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintoretto)
1597 El Greco (1541-1614), Spanish
artist, completed his visionary “View of Toledo” about this time.
(WSJ, 6/28/08, p.W12)
1599 Mar 22, Sir Anthony Van Dyck,
Flemish artist, was born. He gave his name to the Vandyke beard. [See
Feb 22]
(AP, 3/22/99)
1599 Jun 6, Velazquez (d.1660),
Diego Rodriguez de Silva, Spanish painter of Portuguese ancestry, was
born. He painted "Count Duke of Olivares" and "Rokeby Venus" (1647-51)
The Venus is at the London National Gallery.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez)(SFEC, 2/1/98,
p.T8)(WSJ, 1/5/07, p.W12)
1599 Jul 23, Caravaggio received
his 1st public commission for paintings.
(MC, 7/23/02)
1600 A sculptor, later known as
Furienmeister (master of the furies), worked in Florence, Vienna and
perhaps Dresden about this time. In 2006 only about 25 works were
attributed to the artist who carved in ivory.
(Econ, 5/13/06, p.96)
1601 Mar 19, Alonzo Cano, Spanish
painter, sculptor (Cathedral Granada), was born.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1601 Adriaen de Vries, Dutch
sculptor, supplied Augsburg, Germany, the cast the "Man Pouring Water
From a Conch Shell."
(WSJ, 1/8/99, p.C13)
1601 Caravaggio painted "Supper at
Emmaus."
(WSJ, 8/4/04, p.D8)
1601 Dutch artist Joachim Wtewael
painted "Mars and Venus Discovered by Vulcan."
(SFEM, 8/31/97, p.8)
1602 Caravaggio painted "The
Taking of Christ." In 2005 Jonathan Harr authored “The Lost Painting:
The Quest for a Caravaggio Masterpiece.”
(WSJ, 5/13/99, p.A28)(SSFC, 12/11/05, p.M6)
1605 Apr 8, Louis de Vadder,
Flemish painter, was born.
(MC, 4/8/02)
1605 The painting "Death of
Samson," attributed to Peter Paul Rubens, may have been done by a
student and completed as late as 1650. The work was later purchased by
the Getty Museum for $6 million through Italian art dealers from the
Corsini family and contested whether or not it was a national treasure.
(WSJ, 4/2/99, p.W12)
1606 May 6, Lorenzo Lippi,
[Perlone Zipoli], poet, painter, was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1606 Jul 15, The painter Rembrandt
(d.1669) Harmenszoom van Rizn (Rijn), was born in Leiden, Netherlands.
His paintings included "Old Woman Cutting Her Nails," "Night Watch,"
"Self Portrait Leaning Forward" (1628), "Two Studies of Saskia Asleep"
(1635-1637), "Jupiter and Antiope" (1659) and "Aristotle Contemplating
the Bust of Homer." He started making etchings in the 1620s when the
medium was barely a 100 years old.
(WSJ, 10/1/96, p.A20)(SFC, 10/12/96, p.E3)(SFC,
5/17/97, p.E1)(AP, 7/15/97)
c1606 Caravaggio painted "St. John
the Baptist."
(WSJ, 4/28/98, p.A16)
1606 Caravaggio fled Rome after he
accidentally killed a man.
(Econ, 2/26/05, p.82)
c1609 Peter Paul Rubens painted
“Samson and Delilah.”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
c1609 Rubens painted "The Head of
St. John the Baptist." In 1998 it sold for $5.5 mil to Alfred Bader.
(SFC, 2/3/98, p.E3)
1610 Jul 18, Michelangelo Merisi
da Caravaggio (b.1571), Italian artist, died in Porto Ercole at age 38.
His paintings included “David With the Head of Goliath,” in which he
used his own image for Goliath. In 1999 Helen Langdon authored the
biography: "Caravaggio: A Life." In 2000 Peter Robb authored the
biography: "M: The Man Who Became Caravaggio."
(Econ, 2/26/05, p.82)(WSJ, 5/4/05,
p.D8)(http://tinyurl.com/8jjs6)
1611 Apr 1, Gillis van Valkenborch
(~72), Flemish painter, was buried.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1613 Apr 7, Gerard Dou, Dutch
painter (Night School), was born.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1614 Apr 7, El Greco (b.1541),
Cretan born Spanish painter (View of Toledo), died in Toledo. His
paintings included "The Resurrection" (1597).
(WSJ, 6/18/01, p.A16)(MC, 4/7/02)
1619 Apr 16, Denijs Calvaert
(Caluwaert), [Dionisio Fiamingo], Flemish painter, died.
(MC, 4/16/02)
1624 Velasquez painted a portrait
of King Philip IV.
(WSJ, 12/16/04, p.D8)
1626 Apr 5, Jan van Kessel
(d.1679), Flemish painter, was born. He was the grandson of Jan
Breughel. He is known for his small paintings on copper and wood. His
"Study of Butterflies, Spiders, Lizards, a Beetle, an Ant, a
Grasshopper and Other Insects" sold at a Sotheby’s auction in 2000 for
$1,655,750.
(WSJ, 6/9/00, p.W10)(MC, 4/5/02)
1626 Rembrandt van Rijn depicted
part of himself in his painting "History Piece."
(WSJ, 8/11/99, p.A16)
c1626 Peter Paul Rubens painted
“The Succession of the Popes (Allegory of Eternity).”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
1628 Mar 10, Constantine Huygens
Jr., Dutch poet, painter, cartoonist, was born.
(MC, 3/10/02)
1628 Rembrandt Harmenszoom van
Rizn (Rijn)(1606-1669), Dutch painter, painted "Self Portrait Leaning
Forward."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(WSJ, 10/1/96, p.A20)
1628 Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish
painter, was called upon to broker a peace between Catholic Spain and
Protestant England.
(Econ, 5/15/04, p.81)
1629 Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish
painter, created an allegorical design depicting "Honor and Virtue."
The painting was commissioned in this year and in 1998 was part of the
collection of the Prince of Liechtenstein. A separate small oil sketch
for the painting was first made and made public in 1998. Rubens also
made a copy of Titian’s "The Rape of Europa," and he painted the
portrait of "Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel."
(SFC, 2/19/98, p.E4)(WSJ, 3/9/98, p.A16)
1629-1684 Pieter de Hooch, Dutch painter of
contemplative scenes of everyday life.
(WSJ, 2/2/99, p.A20)
1632 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
his work "Europa" and "Portrait of a Lady Aged 62." The portrait sold
for $28.7 million in 2000. Rembrandt also painted "The Anatomy Lesson
of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp" in this year.
(WSJ, 3/9/98, p.A16)(SFC, 12/15/00, p.C15)(Econ,
6/23/07, p.96)
1632 Pope Urban VIII's nephew
stole two altar paintings from a provincial church and smuggled them to
Rome. The clandestine move from the central Italian city of Urbino on
the back of a mule, hid the link between the two paintings and their
creator, Dominican friar Fra Carnevale.
(AP, 10/30/04)
1632-1635 Velazquez painted "The Jester Pablo de
Vallodolid."
(WSJ, 4/16/03, p.D10)
1633 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
the "Portrait of a Bearded Man in a Red Coat." It sold for $9.1 million
in 1998.
(SFC, 2/3/98, p.E3)
1633 Francisco de Zurbaran
(1598-1644), Spanish artist, painted his “Still Life With Lemons
Oranges and a Rose," later described as symbolic objects to the Virgin
Mary. It was the work that Zurbaran ever signed and dated. In 1998 it
was held by the Los Angeles Norton Simon Museum of Art.
(SFEC, 1/11/98, p.D7)(WSJ, 2/21/09, p.W7)
1634 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
"Portrait of a Woman." It hangs in the Speed Museum of Louisville, Ky.
(WSJ, 12/18/97, p.A20)
1635 Apr 16, Frans van Mieris, the
Elder, Dutch painter, was born.
(MC, 4/16/02)
1635-1637 Rembrandt Harmenszoom van Rizn
(Rijn)(1606-1669), Dutch painter, painted "Two Studies of Saskia
Asleep."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(WSJ, 10/1/96, p.A20)
1636 Rembrandt van Rijn made his
etching "Self-portrait with Saskia."
(HT, 5/97, p.60)
1636 Peter Paul Rubens painted
“Aurora and Cephalus.”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
c1637-1638 Peter Paul Rubens painted “The Elevation
of the Cross.”
(SFC, 3/5/05, p.E1)
1638 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
the "Portrait of Willem Bartolsz Ruyter," a Dutch actor.
(SFC, 10/12/96, p.E3)
1640 May 30, Peter Paul Rubens
(b.1577), Flemish painter, died in Antwerp.
(www.newadvent.org/cathen/13214c.htm)(Econ, 5/15/04,
p.81)
1640 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
his "Portrait of a Man Seated in an Armchair" about this time.
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1642 May 6, Frans Francken, the
Younger, Flemish painter, died on 61st birthday.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1642 Rembrandt van Rijn painted
"Night Watch."
(WSJ, 3/904, p.D8)
1648 Van Ruisdael painted "Dunes
at Haarlem." His work this year also included his print "Christ
Preaching (The Hundred Guilder Print).
(SFEC, 9/3/00, p.T7)(WSJ, 3/904, p.D8)
1649 Salomon van Ruysdael
(1602-1670), Dutch landscape artist, created his painting “Ferry on a
River.”
(WSJ, 7/2/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruisdael)
1649 Alessandro Turchi (b.1578),
Italian painter, died in Rome. His work included “The Lamentation Over
the Dead Christ” (1617).
(http://gallery.euroweb.hu/html/t/turchi/)
1653 Rembrandt painted his
"Aristotle With a Bust of Homer."
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1654 Jacob van Loo painted "An
Allegory of Venus and Cupid as Lady World and Homo Bulla." It hangs in
the Speed Museum of Louisville, Ky.
(WSJ, 12/18/97, p.A20)
1654 Rembrandt van Rijn painted a
portrait of poet-businessman Jan Six, one of the richest Amsterdammers
of his time. His work this year also included "A Woman Bathing in a
Stream" and "Flora." His work this year also included the etching and
drypoint “The Descent From the Cross by Torchlight.”
(WSJ, 6/19/00, p.A42)(WSJ, 3/904, p.D8)(SFC,
1/28/06, p.E4)(Econ, 6/23/07, p.96)
1654-1656 Rembrandt van Rijn painted a medallion
portrait of Muhammed Adil Shah of Bijapur.
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.16)(SFC, 2/7/98, p.E8)
1655 Rembrandt painted "Polish
Rider."
(WSJ, 12/5/96, p.A16)
1655 Jan Steen painted "A Burgher
of Delft and His Daughter." In 2004 it sold for $14.6 million to the
Dutch National Museum.
(SFC, 4/4/01, p.C1)(SFC, 8/21/04, p.E12)
1655 Vermeer painted his Saint
Praxedis. [see Vermeer, 1632-1675]
(WSJ, 11/15/95, p.A-20)
1655 Pieter de Hooch moved to
Delft and painted there for 5 years.
(WSJ, 7/20/01, p.W11)
1655-1660 Rembrandt painted his picture called "The
Auctioneer."
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1656 Jul 26, Rembrandt declared he
is insolvent.
(MC, 7/26/02)
1656 Vermeer created his painting
"The Procuress."
(WSJ, 11/15/95, p.A-20)
1659 Rembrandt Harmenszoom van
Rizn (Rijn) (1606-1669), Dutch painter, made "Jupiter and Antiope"
(1659).
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(WSJ, 10/1/96, p.A20)
1660 Aug 6, Diego Rodriguez de
Silva Velasquez (b.1599), Spanish court painter, died.
(WSJ, 2/24/00, p.A16)(MC, 8/6/02)
1660 Rembrandt painted "The Old
Woman Cutting Her Nails" about this time.
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1662 Apr 20, Gerard Terborch, the
elder, painter, died.
(MC, 4/20/02)
1662 Rembrandt depicted himself in
a painting as the fifth-century Greek painter Zeuxis. His work this
year also included “The Syndics of the Clothmakers' Guild.”
(WSJ, 8/11/99, p.A16)(Econ, 6/23/07, p.96)
1663 Rembrandt depicted himself as
a bit player in his painting "The Raising of the Cross."
(WSJ, 8/11/99, p.A16)
1664 Apr 4, Adam Willaerts, Dutch
seascape painter, died.
(MC, 4/4/02)
c1665 Gerrit Dou, Dutch artist,
painted "Woman at the Clavichord" and a "Self-Portrait" in which he
resembled Rembrandt.
(WSJ, 5/24/00, p.A24)
1665 Jacob van Ochtervelt
(1634-1682), Dutch artist, painted his “Street Musicians in the Doorway
of a House.”
(WSJ, 1/30/09,
p.W2)(http://wwar.com/masters/o/ochtervelt-jacob.html)
1666 Franz Hals (b.1581?),
painter, died in the Oudemannenhuis almshouse in Haarlem. The almshouse
later became the Frans Hals Museum.
(SFEC, 9/3/00, p.T7)
1666 Pier Francesco Mola (b.1612),
Italian Baroque artist, died in Rome.
(http://wwar.com/masters/m/mola-pier_francesco.html)
1667 Apr 9, 1st public art
exhibition (Palais Royale, Paris).
(MC, 4/9/02)
1668 Charles Alphonse Dufresnoy
(b.1611), French artist, died. His work included the painting “The
Death of Socrates” (1650).
(WSJ, 11/24/07, p.W8)
1669 Oct 4, Rembrandt H. van Rijn
(b.1606), painter and etcher (Steel Masters, Night Watch), died. In
1999 Simon Schama published the biography "Rembrandt's Eyes."
(WSJ, 11/24/99, p.A16)(MC, 10/4/01)
1673 Mar 28, Adam Pijnacker (51),
Dutch landscape painter, etcher, was buried.
(MC, 3/28/02)
1674 Mar 6, Johann Paul Schor
(58), German baroque painter, died.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1676 Jeong Seon (d.1759), Korean
landscape painter, was born.
(SFC, 11/5/03, p.D2)
1679 Apr 17, John van Kessel (53),
Flemish painter, died.
(MC, 4/17/02)
1682 Apr 3, Esteban Murillo
(b.1617), Spanish painter, died. Some of his mid-century work in
Seville portrayed the effects of the Plague that killed 50% of the
population in 4 months.
(WSJ, 4/9/02, p.D19)(MC, 4/3/02)
1682 Nov 23, Claude Lorrain,
French painter (also known as Claude Gelée), died. His birth is
variously noted from 1600-1604.
(WSJ, 11/6/02,
p.D8)(www.britannica.com/eb/article-9024243/Claude-Lorrain)
1696 Mar 5, Giambattista Giovanni
Battista Tiepolo (d.1770), Venetian Rococo painter (Isaac's Sacrifice),
was born. He painted for the Dolfin family in the 1720s. His work
included: "The Annunciation" (c1765-1770), "Apelles Painting a Portrait
of Campaspe," "Martyrdom of St. Agatha," "Sacrifice of Isaac," "The
Finding of Moses," "Nobility and Virtue" (1743), "Satyress with a
Putto," "Satyress With Two Putti and a Tambourine," and "Halberdier in
a Landscape." His contemporaries included Francesco Fontebasso,
Allesandro Longhi, and Louis-Joseph Le Lorrain.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1483)(WSJ, 10/14/96,
p.A14)(SFC, 3/25/97, p.E3)(MC, 3/5/02)
1702 Omori Yoshikiyo, Japanese
ehon artist, created his work “Trailing Willows,” which depicted the
working women in the government sanctioned pleasure quarter of Kyoto.
(WSJ, 1/4/07, p.B11)
1703 Francois Boucher, French
painter, was born. He painted "Diana."
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.174)
1707 Apr 6, Willem Van de Velde
(73), the Young, Dutch seascape painter, died.
(MC, 4/6/02)
1709 Jul 5, Etienne de Silhouette,
French minister of finance, outline portrait artist, was born.
(HN, 7/5/98)
1721 Jul 18, Jean Antoine Watteau
(b.1684), French rococo painter, died. His work included "Le Mezzetin."
(WUD, 1994 p.1614)(MC, 10/10/01)(MC, 7/18/02)
1723 Zanabazar (b.1635),
Mongolia’s greatest sculptor, died.
(SSFC, 3/27/05, p.F4)
1727 May 14, Thomas Gainsborough
(d.1788), English painter, was born (baptized). His work included "The
Blue Boy."
(HN, 5/14/01)(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.579)(MC,
5/14/02)
1727 Aug 30, Giandomenico Tiepolo
(d.1804), Venetian painter, was born. His subjects included troupes of
traveling players from northern Italy.
(Econ, 4/10/04, p.72)(www.britannica.com)
1732 Apr 5, Jean Honore Fragonard
(d.1806), France, painter, was born. He painted "The Shady Grove."
Hubert Robert was a painter friend and the painting "La Jardinaire" was
painted by one or the other.
(WUD, 1994, p.562)(WSJ, 2/19/99, p.W12)(AAP,
1964)(MC, 4/5/02)
1737 The French annual art
exhibition known as the Salon was inaugurated.
(WSJ, 11/19/03, p.D12)
1738 William Hogarth painted
“Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn.”
(SSFC, 4/3/05, p.F3)
1741 Apr 15, Charles Willson Peale
(d.1827), American portrait painter and inventor, was born. His 2nd
teacher was John Singleton Copley.
(SFC, 1/25/97, p.E3)(HN, 4/15/98)
1742-1803 Thomas Jones, Welsh landscapist. He
traveled to Italy in 1776 and spent 7 years there filling sketchbooks.
He later authored his "Memoirs."
(Econ, 7/12/03, p.77)
1744 Mar 13, David Allan, Scottish
painter, was born.
(MC, 3/13/02)
1746 Nicholas de Largilliere
(b.1656), French painter, died.
(WSJ, 10/30/03, p.D10)
1748 Aug 30, Jacques-Louis David
(d.1825), Neoclassical painter (Death of Marat), was born. He painted
“Madame Hamelin.” He also painted a portrait of Napoleon crossing the
St. Bernard Pass on a rearing horse. Jean Ingres began his career as a
pupil of David.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.369)(WSJ, 5/19/97,
p.A16)(WSJ, 5/28/99, p.W12)(MC, 8/30/01)
1751 Sep 13, Henry Kobell, Dutch
painter and cartoonist, was born.
(MC, 9/13/01)
1751 Pietro Longhi painted
“Exhibition of a Rhinocerous at Venice.” It depicted Clara, a touring
Indian rhinoceros owned by Dutch sea captain Douwemout Van der Meer.
(SSFC, 3/27/05, p.E1)
1752 May 4, Pieter Snyers (71),
Flemish painter, engraver, died.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1753 Aug 12, Thomas Bewick, artist
(British Birds, Aesop's Fables) was born in England.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1755 Jul 6, John Flaxman, the
English sculptor who designed much of Wedgewood's original pottery, was
born.
(MC, 7/6/02)
1757 Nov 1, Antonio Canova
(d.1822), Italian sculptor, was born.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Canova)
1759-1761 Jean-Honore Fragonard painted "The
Lost Forfeit or Captured Kiss."
(WSJ, 11/19/03, p.D12)
1760s George Stubbs created a
painting of a thoroughbred horse. In 2003 it was sold at auction for
$3.15 million.
(AP, 7/10/03)
1767 Fragonard (1732-1806) painted
"The Swing."
(SFC, 2/7/03, p.D2)
1768 Apr 20, Giovanni AC Canaletto
(70), Italian painter, cartoonist (Rialto), died.
(MC, 4/20/02)
1760 Oct 21, Katsushika Hokusai
(d.1849), Japanese printmaker, was born. Hokusai was a master designer
of color woodblock prints. His paintings included 36 views of Mt. Fuji.
(SFC, 9/24/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 11/3/98, p.A20)(HN,
10/21/00)
1770 Mar 27, Giovanni B. Tiepolo
(73), Italian painter (Banquet of Cleopatra), died.
(MC, 3/27/02)
1770 George Stubbs, Britain’s
finest painter of animals, did a portrait of the Duke of Richmond’s
imported yearling bull moose. It was commissioned by anatomist William
Hunter (1718-1783) to see if the moose was related to the fossil Irish
giant deer.
(NH, 8/96, p.17)
1770 Francois Boucher (b.1703),
French painter, died. He painted "Diana."
(Econ, 10/9/04, p.79)
1771 Fedot Ivanovich Choubine,
Russian sculptor and painter, carved a bust of Catherine the Great.
(Econ, 12/23/06, p.126)(http://tinyurl.com/y4ydna)
1775 Apr 23, Joseph Mallord
William Turner, landscape painter, was born in England.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1776 Jun 11, John Constable
(d.1837), English landscape painter (Hay Wain), was born.
(SFC, 4/29/97, p.B5)(SC, 6/11/02)
1778 John Singleton Copley,
American artist, painted "Watson and the Shark." The work was based on
a real life incident from 1749 in Cuba’s Havana Harbor, where Brook
Watson (14) lost half a leg to a shark. Watson went on to become the
Lord Mayor of London.
(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1779 Richard Samuel (d.1787),
British painter, sent the Royal Academy exhibition his “Nine Living
Muses of Great Britain.” The 1778 painting featured a group of female
writers and artists that included the Swiss-Austrian painter Angelica
Kauffman (1741-1807).
(Econ, 3/22/08,
p.97)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelica_Kauffmann)
1780 May 4, American Academy of
Arts & Science was founded.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1780 Aug 29,
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (d.1867), French painter, was born. His
work included the "Portrait of Monsieur de Norvins" and "Valpincon
Bather."
(WUD, 1994, p.731)(WSJ, 7/1/96, p.A11)(MC, 8/29/01)
1780 George Stubbs, British
painter, created his portrait of a poodle.
(SFC, 6/25/99, p.A3)
1783 Apr 29, David Cox (d.1857),
English watercolorist, was born. He books included “Treatise on
Landscape Painting” (1813).
(SFC, 4/29/97,
p.B5)(www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Cox_David/Cox_David.htm)
1786 Andres Lopez of Mexico
painted "Sacred Heart of Jesus."
(WSJ, 3/3/98, p.A16)
1786 George Morland painted "The
Wreck of the Haswell."
(WSJ, 9/3/98, p.A20)
1786 Tiepolo painted "The Third
Temptation of Jesus."
(SSFC, 12/17/06, p.M6)
1788 Apr 5, Franz Pforr, German
painter, cartoonist (Lukasbund), was born.
(MC, 4/5/02)
1788 Aug 2, Thomas Gainsborough
(61), English painter, died. His work included the 1771 portraits of
the Viscount and Viscountess Ligonier and "Blue Boy."
(HN, 5/14/01)(AAP, 1964)(MC, 5/14/02)(WSJ, 12/19/02,
p.D10)(MC, 8/2/02)
1791 Mar 6, Anna Claypoole Peale,
painted miniatures, was born.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1791 Apr 27, Samuel Finley Breece
Morse (d.1872), inventor and painter, was born in Boston. Morse was a
well-known painter who gained a wide reputation as a portrait artist.
He graduated from Yale in 1810 and then studied painting in England for
several years. Morse painted two notable portraits of Lafayette, was a
founder of the National Academy of Design in 1826 and became professor
of painting and sculpture at New York University in 1832-a position he
held until his death in 1872. Morse invented the first practical
recording telegraph in America and developed the Morse code,
revolutionizing communication.
(HN, 4/27/99)(HNQ, 2/26/00)
1792-1793 Francisco Jose de Goya y Lucientes
(1746-1828), Spanish painter, went deaf from an unexplained illness.
(WSJ, 5/10/02, p.W8)(Econ, 10/18/03, p.81)
1794 William Blake painted "The
Ancient of Days." "He formed golden com-passes / And began to explore
the Abyss." From the epic "The First Book of Urizen." Urizen is a pun
and stands for "Your Reason." On display at the Whitworth Art Gallery,
Manchester, England.
(T&L, 10/1980, p.42)(WSJ, 4/2397, p.A16)
1794 Spanish painter Goya
completed his painting “Yard With Lunatics,” the last in a series of
uncommissioned small paintings executed during his convalescence from
an illness that left him deaf.
(WSJ, 6/18/08, p.D7)
1796 Jul 16, Jean-Baptiste-Camille
Corot (d.1875), French painter, was born. His work included "Madame
Corot" (1833-1835) and "Interrupted Reading" (1870-1873). He led the
way toward new forms of perspective and composition that was later
mined by impressionism and photography.
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(WSJ, 10/25/96, p.A15)(WSJ,
3/25/97, p.A16)(MC, 7/16/02)
1796 Jul 26, George Catlin,
American artist and author, was born.
(HN, 7/26/01)
1798 Apr 26, Ferdinand Eugene
Delacroix, French painter, lithograph, etcher (Journal), was born.
(MC, 4/26/02)
1799 Jacques-Louis David created
his painting “Rape of the Sabines.”
(WSJ, 4/6/05, p.D11)
1799 Goya (1746-1828) made his
famous etching "The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters," in which
fluttering bats hover darkly above a man dozing at his desk.
(WSJ, 11/3/95, p.A-12)
1801 French artist Girodet
depicted Ossian, the mythical 3rd century blind Scottish poet, before
the story was exposed as a fraud.
(WSJ, 7/26/08, p.W8)
1801-1848 Thomas Cole, English born US painter. He
and Asher B. Durand became fathers of the Hudson River School of
painting and founded the National Academy of Design.
(WUD, 1994, p.288)(WSJ, 8/10/99, p.A22)
1805 Jul 26, Constantine Brumidi,
artist (Myrtle Murdock), was born.
(MC, 7/26/02)
1805 Joseph Mallord William Turner
(1775-1851), English painter and printmaker, created his painting “The
Shipwreck.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1806 Feb 22, James Barry (b.1741),
Irish-born Neoclassical painter, died.
(www.artnet.com/library/00/0065/T006539.asp)(Econ,
2/18/06, p.78)
1806 George Stubbs (b.1724),
British artist, died. His work included the publication “Anatomy of the
Horse” (1766).
(WSJ, 4/28/05,
p.D8)(www.abcgallery.com/S/stubbs/stubbsbio.html)
1806 Apr 13, Jean-Jacques
Bachelier (~82), French painter, died.
(MC, 4/13/02)
1806 George Stubbs (b.1724),
British artist, died. His work included the publication “Anatomy of the
Horse” (1766).
(WSJ, 4/28/05,
p.D8)(www.abcgallery.com/S/stubbs/stubbsbio.html)
1806 Aug 22, Jean-Honore Fragonard
(74), French painter, engraver, died.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1809 William Cave created his
painting "The Trusty Servant," a uniformed pig with a padlocked mouth.
(WSJ, 11/26/03, p.D10)
1810 May 9, Louis Gallait,
historical painter, was born.
(MC, 5/9/02)
1811 Mar 20, George Caleb Bingham
(d.1879), Missouri painter, was born in Virginia. He paintings included
"Fur Traders on the Missouri."
(WUD, 1994,
p.149)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Caleb_Bingham)
1812 Apr 15,
Pierre-Etienne-Theodore Rousseau, painter, was born.
(MC, 4/15/02)
1813 Mar 27, Nathaniel Currier,
lithographer for Currier and Ives, was born.
(HN, 3/27/98)
1814 Oct 4, Jean Francois Millet
(d.1875), French painter, was born.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=745)
1814 Jacques-Louis David created
his painting “Leonidas at Thermopylae.”
(WSJ, 4/6/05, p.D11)
1815 Sep 9, John Singleton Copley
(b.1737), American artist, died in London.
(www.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia)
1815 J.M.W. Turner made paintings
in this summer renowned for their red skies. The coloration was due to
the April 5 eruption of Mt. Tambora in Indonesia.
(SFEC, 7/9/00, Z1 p.2)
1816 May 24, Emanuel Leutze, US
painter, was born. His work included "Washington Crossing the
Delaware" (1851).
(MC, 5/24/02)
1819 Jun 10, J.D. Gustave Courbet
(d.1877), French realist painter (Demoiselles the la Seine), was born.
His realistic landscapes were marked by bold shadows and compositions
fragmented by the play of natural light. This technique was pursued
more fully by the impressionists. His work included "Rock at
HautePierre."
(DPCP, 1984)(WSJ, 3/10/00, p.W16)(MC, 6/10/02)
1819 Theodore Chasseriau (d.1856),
artist, was born in Semana, Dominican Republic. He was the son of a
French diplomat and French-Creole mother.
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
1819 J.M.W. Turner (44), English
artist (1775-1851), visited Venice for the 1st time. He returned in
1833 and 1840. His 1st oil painting with a Venetian setting was done in
1833.
(WSJ, 3/17/04, p.D4)
1822 Mar 16, Rosa Bonheur, French
painter and sculptor, was born.
(HN, 3/16/01)
1822 Sep 6, John Constable,
English painter, painted his “Cloud Study, 6 September 1822.” He
painted some 100 studies of the sky between 1821-1822.
(MC, 3/31/02)(WSJ, 6/9/04, p.D8)
1822 Oct 13, Antonio Canova
(b.1757), Italian sculptor, died at age 64. His work included a
sculpture of Napoleon’s sister Pauline, as a semi-naked Venus Victrix.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Canova)(Econ,
11/10/07, p.105)
1824-1860 Yanagawa Shigenobu II, Japanese printmaker,
was active. His work included the color woodcut “Kuroho” (1832-1836).
(www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/shigenobu_ii_yanagawa.html)
1825 Apr 16, John Henry Fuseli
(aka Johan Heinrich Fussli b.1741), Swiss born British Romantic
painter, died. His paintings included “Nightmare” (1782).
(www.artnet.com/library/03/0302/T030268.asp)(Econ,
2/18/06, p.78)
1825 May 1, George Inness, US
landscape painter (Delaware Water Gap), was born.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1825 Camille Corot created his
painting "View of Rome."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1826 Apr 6, Gustave Moreau, French
painter, was born.
(MC, 4/6/02)
1826 May 4, Frederick Church, US
romantic landscape painter (Hudson River School), was born.
(MC, 5/4/02)
1827 Apr 2, William Holdman Hunt,
English painter (Light of the World), was born.
(MC, 4/2/02)
1827 Aug 12, William Blake
(b.1757), English visionary engraver and poet, died. In 2001 G.E.
Bentley Jr. authored "The Stranger From Paradise: A Biography of
William Blake."
(SSFC, 5/27/01, DB p.73)(MC, 8/12/02)
1828 Apr 16, Francisco Jose Goya y
Lucientes (b.1746), Spanish painter, cartoonist, died at age 82 in
France. He had served 3 generations of Spanish kings as court painter.
In 2002 Julia Blackburn authored "Old Man Goya." In 2003 Robert Hughes
authored "Goya." See link for Goya timeline.
(WSJ, 5/10/02, p.W8)(Econ, 10/18/03,
p.81)(http://tinyurl.com/ngxt7)
1828 May 12, Dante Gabriel
Rossetti, English poet and painter, was born.
(HN, 5/12/01)
1828 Jul 27, Gilbert Charles
Stuart, painter, died.
(MC, 7/27/02)
1829 Jun 8, John Everett Millais,
painter (Order of Release), was born in England.
(MC, 6/8/02)
1830 Jul 10, Camille Pissarro
(d.1903), French impressionist painter, was born on the island of St.
Thomas in the West Indies. He studied as a child in Paris but spent his
early years as an artist in Caracas, Venezuela. In Paris he became a
devotee of the neo-Impressionist technique.
(WUD, 1994, p.1097)(DPCP 1984)(HN, 7/10/01)
1830-1840 Hokusai (1760-1849) made his "Thirty-Six
Views of Mount Fuji during this decade. The wood blocks included "Under
the Wave of Kanagawa," "The Back of Mt. Fuji from Minobu River," and
"Winter Loneliness." The last was inspired by a poem of Minamoto no
Muneyuki Ason. Another series was titled "A Tour of Japanese
Waterfalls.
(SFC, 9/24/98, p.E3)
1832 Jan 23, Edouard Manet
(d.1883), French impressionist painter, was born. His work was a major
influence on the young artists who created the Impressionist movement.
His style was influenced by the Spanish masters, particularly
Velasquez. His work included the "Execution of Maximilian," "Luncheon
on the Grass," the pastel "Portrait of Mademoiselle Lemaire," "In the
Boat," "La Promenade" and "Le Journal Illustre" (ca. 1878-79).
(WUD, 1994, p.871)(WSJ, 7/1/96, p.A11)(SFC, 8/21/96,
p.A9)(AAP, 1964) (WUD, 1994, p.871)(WSJ, 2/13/97, p.A16)(DPCP 1984)
1832 Mar 26, Famed western artist
George Catlin began his voyage up the Missouri River aboard the
American Fur Company steamship Yellowstone.
(HN, 3/26/99)
1832 Apr 15, Wilhelm Busch, German
artist, was born. He created the precursor to the cartoon strip.
(HN, 4/15/02)
1833 Aug 28, Edward Burne-Jones,
British painter, was born.
(RTH, 8/28/99)
1833 J.M.W. Turner completed his
1st oil painting "Bridge of Sighs and the Ducal Palace," his 1st
exhibited painting of Venice.
(WSJ, 3/17/04, p.D4)
1834 Apr 2, Frederic-Auguste
Bartholdi, sculptor, was born.
(HN, 4/2/01)
1834 Apr 15, The Honore Daumier
painting "Rue Transnonain, le 15 Avril 1834" showed the ghastly
aftermath of a civilian massacre by French government forces.
(WSJ, 5/9/00, p.A24)
1834 Jul 10, James Abbott McNeil
Whistler (d.1903), expatriate painter famous for painting his mother,
was born.
(HN, 7/10/98)(WUD, 1994 p.1628)
1834 Jul 19, Hilaire Germain Edgar
Degas (d.1917), French impressionist painter, was born. His mother was
a Creole and he journeyed to New Orleans in the 1870s. His work
included "The Millinery Shop," "Combing the Hair," "Nude Fixing Her
Hair," "Two Dancers" (c1890-1898), "Frieze of Dancers" (1893-1898),
"Self Portrait" (c1863-1865 & c1895-1900) and "Blue Dancers"
(1895). He also collected art and by the time of his death had amassed
more than 500 paintings and 5,000 prints. The collection was auctioned
off in Paris from Mar 1918 to Jul 1919. His time in New Orleans is
covered in the 1997 book "Degas in New Orleans: Encounters in the
Creole World of Kate Chopin and George Washington Cable" by Christopher
Benfey.
(WUD, 1994, p.380)(WSJ, 10/2/96, p.B5)(SFC,
10/22/96,p.E8)(WSJ,10/21/97,p.A20)(SFEC, 1/4/98, BR p.9)(HN, 7/19/98)
1834 Oct 16, In London the Houses
of Parliament caught fire and many historic documents were burned.
J.M.W. created two oil paintings of the burning of the Houses of
Parliament.
(www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/england/london/parliament/barry.html)(Econ,
9/29/07, p.90)
1836 Aug 22, Archibald M. Willard,
US, artist (Spirit of '76), was born.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1836 Thomas Cole, Hudson River
School painter, painted "The Course of Empire," a series of 5 paintings
chronicling the rise and fall of a great civilization.
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1837 Mar 31, John Constable (60),
English painter, water colors painter, died. His work included some 100
studies of the sky done between 1821-1822. In 2009 Martin Gayford
authored “Constable in Love: Love, Landscape, Money and the Making of a
Great Painter.”
(WSJ, 6/9/04, p.D8)(Econ, 3/21/09,
p.92)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Constable)
1837 Feb 12, Thomas Moran
(d.1926), American painter, was born in Bolton, England. His paintings
of Yellowstone helped persuade Congress to designate it a national park.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)(SFC,10/15/97, p.D3)
1839 J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851)
painted "The Fighting Temeraire," a portrait of the ship, which had
gained fame in the Battle of Trafalgar (1805), as it was towed for
demolition.
(WSJ, 8/21/03, p.D8)
1840 May 29, Hans Makart, Austrian
painter (Plague in Florenz), was born.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1840 J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851)
painted "Rockets and Blue Lights (Close at Hand) to Warn Steamboats of
Shoal Water."
(WSJ, 8/21/03, p.D8)
1841 Jan 14, Berthe Morisot
(d.1895) French impressionist painter, was born in Bourges.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.10)
1841 Theodore Chasseriau
(1819-1856), Dominican-born artist, created his portrait "Comtesse de
LaTour-Mauberg."
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
1841 J.M.W. Turner painted his
watercolor “The Blue Rigi: Lake of Lucerne, Sunrise” following a visit
to Switzerland. In 1942 it sold for 1,500 guineas (about $94,000 in
2006 money). In 2006 it sold at auction for $11 million.
(SFC, 6/6/06, p.D4)
1842 Joseph Mallord William Turner
(1775-1851), English painter and printmaker, created his painting “Snow
Storm.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1844 May 21, Henri Rousseau
(d.1910), French painter (Dream), was born in Laval.
(HN, 5/21/01)
1844 Jul 25, Thomas Eakins
(d.1916), American painter, was born.
(SFC, 5/6/97, p.E4)(WUD, 1994, p.447)(HN, 7/25/02)
1845 May 22, Mary Cassatt
(d.1926), American impressionist painter and printmaker, was born in
Alleghany, Pa. Much of Cassatt’s early life was spent in Europe with
her wealthy family. She attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine
Arts from 1861 to 1865 and worked briefly with Charles Joshua Chaplin
in Paris, but preferred working her own way and copying old masters.
She was a close friend of and greatly influenced by Edgar Degas. He
admired her entry in the Salon of 1874, and at his invitation she
joined the Impressionists and afterward showed her works at their
exhibits. Degas’ influence is apparent in Cassatt’s mastery of drawing
and in her unposed, asymmetrical compositions. Initially, Cassatt was a
figure painter whose subjects were groups of women drinking tea or on
outings with friends. After the great exhibition of Japanese prints
held in Paris in 1890, she brought out her series of 10 colored prints,
such as "Woman Bathing," and "The Coiffure," in which the influence of
the Japanese masters Utamaro and Toyokuni is apparent. Cassatt urged
her wealthy American friends and relatives to buy Impressionist
paintings, and in this way, more than through her own works, she
exerted a lasting influence on American taste. She was largely
responsible for selecting the works that make up the H.O. Havemeyer
Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
(HFA, ‘96, p.30)(AHD, p.209)(FAMSF, Mar, 98)
1845 William Sidney Mount
(1807-1868), American genre painter, created his work “Eel Spearing at
Setauket.”
(WSJ, 1/13/06, p.P9)
1846 Mar 17, Kate Greenway,
painter and illustrator (Mother Goose), was born.
(HN, 3/17/01)
1846 May 30, Peter Carl Faberge
(d.1920), Russian master jeweler and goldsmith was born. His work
includes the Imperial Coronation Easter Egg (1896-1908), an enameled,
diamond-studded golden egg about 5 inches long that opens to reveal a
3-inch-long replica of the carriage that took the czarina to her
coronation in 1896; the rococo Imperial Catherine the Great Easter Egg
(1908-1917) and the Rectangular Box with a monogram of tiny diamonds
(1896-1908).
(MC, 5/30/02)(SFC, 5/234/96, p.D1,10)
1846 Henry Inman (b.1801),
American artist, died. He copied portraits of American Indian leaders
made by Charles Bird King.
(WSJ, 3/15/06, p.D16)
1847 Jul 20, Max Liebermann,
German impressionist painter, was born.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1847 Felix-Joseph Barrias created
his painting "Gallic Soldier and his Daughter Imprisoned in Rome."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1847 Thomas Cole created his
painting "Prometheus Unbound."
(SFC, 1/1/01, p.A1)
1848 Alexandre Cabanel painted his
erotic portrait “Albayde.”
(SFC, 1/22/05, p.E1)
1848 Delacroix painted “Women of
Algiers in Their Apartment.”
(SFC, 1/22/05, p.E1)
1848 Charles B. Gillespie
(1821-1907) traveled to California from Pennsylvania during the gold
rush and made a number of sketches, including depictions of Sutter’s
Mill, some of which he turned into paintings upon returning to Freeport
in 1851. In 2008 119 pen-and-ink sketches and 5 oil paintings were put
up for auction.
(SSFC, 11/23/08, p.B9)
1848 Edward Hicks (b.1780) painted
"An Indian Summer View of the Farm & Stock of James C. Cornell."
(WSJ, 11/16/99, p.A28)
1848 Edouard Manet (1832-1883) at
age 16 failed the French naval exam and after 3 months at sea became
convinced that he would rather be a painter.
(WSJ, 12/3/03, p.D12)
1848 The Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood was founded. A group of artists led by William Holman Hunt,
John Everett Millais, and Dante Gabriel Rosetti, fought against corrupt
academic art based on the work of the Renaissance.
(WSJ, 2/19/97, p.A15)(Econ, 9/20/03, p.82)
1849 May 6, Wyatt Eaton, artist,
was born.
(MC, 5/6/02)
1849 Gustave Boulanger
(1824-1888), French artist, painted “Ulysses Recognized by Eeurycleia.”
(WSJ, 12/28/05, p.D8)
1849 Asher B. Durand of the Hudson
River School created his painting “Kindred Spirits.” In 2005 Alice B.
Walton, Wal-Mart heiress, purchased it from the NY Public Library for
$35 million.
(WSJ, 12/26/06, p.D8)
1849 Katsushika Hokusai (b.1760),
Japanese printmaker, died.
(SFC, 9/24/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 11/3/98, p.A20)(HN,
10/21/00)
1850 Jan 29, Luigi Sabatelli
(b.1772), Italian artist, died in Milan.
(www.artnet.com/library/07/0748/T074823.asp)
1850 Apr 16, Marie [Gresholtz]
Tussaud (89), Swiss-born maker of wax figures, died.
(MC, 4/16/02)
1850 Apr 20, Daniel Chester French
(d.1931), sculptor of the Concord Minuteman, was born at Exeter, New
Hampshire. He had his estate in Stockbridge, Mass. His work also
included the Lincoln Memorial. His Chesterwood estate became a museum
with an annual 6-month summer season. [Ph. 413-298-3579]
(HN, 4/20/98)(WSJ, 5/4/99, p.A20)
1850 Gustave Courbet (1819-1877),
French artist, painted "Burial at Ornans."
(WSJ, 11/28/06, p.D8)
1851 Dec 19, Joseph Mallord
William Turner, English painter and printmaker, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner)
1851 Thomas Wilmer Dewing
(d.1938), American artist, was born.
(SFC, 4/11/01, p.E1)
1851 Cabanel created his painting
"The Death of Moses."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1851 Matthew Coates Wyatt created
his dog sculpture of the Earl of Dudley’s Newfoundland Bashaw. It was a
star exhibit at the British Great Exhibition.
(WSJ, 12/6/01, p.A19)
1851 Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze
(b.1816) painted "Washington Crossing the Delaware." It was later
acquired by the NY Metropolitan Museum of Art.
(SFC, 9/30/97, p.A7)(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1851 John Everett Millais began to
paint his work "Ophelia," completed in 1852.
(WSJ, 2/19/97, p.A15)
1852 Apr 1, Edward Austin Abbey,
US, painter (Quest of the Holy Grail), was born.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1853 Mar 30, Vincent Van Gogh
(d.1890), Dutch artist, was born in Zundert, Neth. His work included
"The Drawbridge and Sunflowers in a Vase," and "Harvest in Prevance,"
which was done both in oil and as a watercolor. The watercolor sold in
1997 for $14.7 mil. He produced an estimated 900 paintings and 1200
drawings but sold virtually none of them. In 1997 it was reported that
more than 100 of his paintings and drawings might be fakes. 300 of his
canvasses were painted in the last 15 months of his life.
(AAP,1964)(WUD,1994, p.606)(SFC, 6/26/97,
p.A21)(SFC, 7/5/97, p.A8)(SFEC, 1/4/98, Z1p.8)(HN, 3/30/98)
1854 Gustave Courbet painted "The
Meeting [Bonjour, Monsieur Courbet!]." It depicted a meeting with his
patron, art collector Alfred Bruyas (1821-1877).
(SFC, 1/22/05, p.E1)
1854 Eugene Delacroix painted
"Arabs Stalking a Lion."
(WSJ, 9/24/98, p.A16)
1854 Franz Xaver Winterhalter
painted a portrait of Empress Eugenie, wife of Napoleon III.
(WSJ, 4/3/03, p.D8)
1855 Apr 18, Jean-Baptiste Isabey,
painter, died.
(MC, 4/18/02)
c1855 Alexandre Marie Colin
painted a portrait of Napoleon III.
(WSJ, 4/3/03, p.D8)
1855 Gustave Courbet, French
artist, painted "The Studio of the Painter."
(WSJ, 11/28/06, p.D8)
1855 Camille Pissarro (1830-1903),
French impressionist, moved to France from his native St. Thomas in the
Virgin Islands.
(WSJ, 1/14/97, p.A16)(Hem., 1/97, p.124)(WUD, 1994,
p.1097)
1856 May 13, Peter Henry Emerson,
1st to promote photography as an independent art, was born.
(MC, 5/13/02)
1856 May 20, Henri E. Cross
(d.1910), French painter, was born. His real surname was Delacroix but
was changed in 1881.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1856 Francois Flameng (d.1923),
French painter, was born. He painted imagined scenes from the domestic
life of Napoleon Bonaparte.
(MT, Fall/03, p.13)
1856 Theodore Chasseriau (b.1819),
Dominican-born artist, died in Paris. His paintings included "The
Toilette of Esther."
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
1858 Jun 15, Ary Scheffer
(b.1795), Dutch-born French Academic painter, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ary_Scheffer)
1858 Utagawa Hiroshige (b.1797),
one of the greatest Japanese artists, died of cholera in Edo. His "53
Stages on the Tokaido" Road, first published in 1863-4 as an
accordion-like album, influenced French and American painters from Paul
Cezanne to James McNeill Whistler.
(AP, 6/28/05)(http://tinyurl.com/92q4b)
1859 Mar 21, The Scottish National
Gallery opened in Edinburgh.
(MC, 3/21/02)
1859 Leon Benouville (b.1821),
French painter, died. His paintings included “The Wrath of Achilles”
(1847).
(www.insecula.com/us/contact/A005594.html)
1860 Apr 6, Rene Lalique (d.1945),
French goldsmith, jeweler, glassmaker and artist, was born. He helped
mold the shape of 20th century art nouveau, art deco and architectural
ornamentation.
(SFC, 3/26/97, z1 p.7)(Hem., 6/98, p.134)(MC, 4/6/02)
1860 Apr 29, Lorado Taft, US
sculptor (Black Hawk), was born.
(MC, 4/29/02)
1860 Frederic Edwin Church created
his painting "Twilight in the Wilderness."
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1861 Oct 4, Frederic Remington
(d.1909), American Western painter and sculptor, was born.
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(HN, 10/4/00)
1862 Mar 19, F. Wilhelm von
Schadow (73), German painter (Modern Vasari), died.
(MC, 3/19/02)
1862 Jun 30, Julian Scott (16)
sustained a hip injury during the Battle of White Oak Swamp. During his
nine-month convalescence he developed a friendship with millionaire
Henry Clark, who encouraged Scott to develop his artistic talent. After
he obtained an honorable discharge from the army, Scott returned to the
front to record the war through his art.
(HNQ, 12/20/02)
1862 Jul 10, Helene Schjerfbeck
(d.1946), Finnish painter, was born.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck)
1862 Claude Monet (22) began
studying painting with Charles Gleyre, a retired artist in Paris.
(ON, 9/06, p.6)
1862 Sanford Robinson Gifford
painted "Kauterskill Clove, in the Catskills." The 9x8 inch painting
was auctioned in 1999 for $475,500 in NYC.
(WSJ, 7/9/99, p.W12)
1862 James Whistler painted his:
"Symphony in White, No. 1: The White Girl," a portrait of his Irish
mistress Joanna Hiffernan.
(WSJ, 1/2/06, p.D8)
1863 Albert Bierstadt created his
painting "Rocky Mountains, Landers Peak."
(SSFC, 8/4/02, p.M2)
1863 Johan Barthold Jongkind
created his painting " Port of Honfleur at Evening."
(WSJ, 12/3/03, p.D12)
1863 George Richmond, R.A.,
painted the portrait "Maharani ‘Chund Kowr’ alias Rani Jindan" in India.
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.14)(SFC, 2/7/98, p.E1)
1863 George Frederic Watts painted
"Choosing."
(WSJ, 2/19/97, p.A15)
1863 The Paris Salon des Refuses
was a group show of artists rejected by the mavens of the official
salon. The hit and scandal of the show was Edouard Manet’s "Le Dejeuner
sur l’Herbe" which depicted a happy foursome picnicking in the woods
with the two women undressed. Other refused artists included Cezanne,
Pissarro, and other impressionists.
(WSJ, 6/14/95, p.A-14)
1863-1874 This decade in France was covered in the
2006 book “The Judgement of Paris: The Revolutionary Decade That Gave
the World Impressionism,” by Ross King. He focused on the period
between two famous exhibitions, the scandalous Salon des Refuses in
1863 and the first Impressionist showing in 1874.
(SSFC, 2/5/06, p.M6)
1864 May 18, Jan P. Veth Bayern,
Dutch painter, etcher, lithographer, art historian, was born.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1865 Jun 26, Bernard Berenson, art
critic (Italian Painters of the Renaissance), was born.
(MC, 6/26/02)
c1865/6 Edouard Manet painted "The Tragic Actor
(Rouviere as Hamlet)."
(WSJ, 4/16/03, p.D10)
1866 Albert Bierstadt created his
painting "Storm in the Rocky Mountains: Mt. Rosalie."
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1866 Gustave Courbet, French
artist, painted "The Waterspout" and “Origin of the World.”
(WSJ, 11/28/06, p.D8)
1866 Edouard Manet painted "Young
Lady in 1866." The painting helped pave the way for Impressionism.
(WSJ, 8/3/01, p.W2)
1866 Jean-Francois Millet painted
"Flight of Crows."
(WSJ, 7/12/99, p.A26)
1866 Monet created his painting
"Jar of Peaches."
(WSJ, 12/12/01, p.A16)
1867 Mar 25, Gutzon Borglum,
sculptor of Mount Rushmore, was born.
(HN, 3/25/01)
1867 May 13, Frank Brangwyn,
painter, muralist, cartoonist (Willam Morris), was born in Wales.
(MC, 5/13/02)
1867 Oct 3, Pierre Bonnard
(d.1947), French painter and illustrator, was born. He wrote that he
wanted to “show what one sees when one enters a room all of a sudden.”
He married Marthe de Meligny in 1925 and during his life painted some
384 images of her. In 1998 John Elderfield and Sarah Whitfield
published “Bonnard.”
(WSJ, 6/24/98, p.A16)(SFEC, 8/2/98, BR
p.9)(www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_H_AseJpss)
1867 Francesco Hayez (1791-1882),
Italian Romantic artist, painted his conception of the 70AD sacking of
the Temple in Jerusalem.
(Econ, 1/20/07,
p.90)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Hayez)
1867 Claude Monet painted "The
Beach at Sainte Adresse" and "Road by Saint-Simeon Farm Winter" while
living in Normandy.
(DPCP 1984)(SFC, 1/29/99, p.D6)(SFC, 6/17/06, p.E10)
1868 Nov 19, William Sidney Mount
(b.1807), American genre painter, died. His work included: “Eel
Spearing at Setauket” (1845).
(www.britannica.com/eb/article-9054008/William-Sidney-Mount)
1869 Dec 31, Henri Matisse
(d.1954), French artist best known for his paintings "Woman with a Hat"
and "The Red Studio," was born. His work included the "Dance II," now
at the Hermitage in Moscow. In 1998 Hilary Spurling authored "The
Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol 1: 1869-1908."
(WSJ, 7/5/96, p.A5)(SFEC, 12/13/98, BR p.9)(HN,
12/31/98)
1869 Johann Friedrich Overbeck
(b.1789), German Nazarene artist, was born.
(SSFC, 1/27/02, p.C7)
1869 Gustave Courbet painted "The
Rock of Hautepierre."
(DPCP 1984)
1869 Edgar Degas painted "Madame
Camus at the Piano."
(SFC,11/19/97, p.E6)
1869 Jules-Elie Delaunay created
his painting "The Plague in Rome."
(WSJ, 9/9/03, p.D6)
1869 Claude Monet painted "The
Seine at Bougival, Evening."
(SFC, 7/11/01, p.D1)
1869 Renoir and Monet sat side by
side and painted views of the bathing house, La Grenouillleres and its
patrons.
(WSJ, 9/10/96, p.A16)(SFC, 10/30/96, p.E2)
1869 Camille Pissarro painted "The
Versailles Road at Louveciennes."
(SFEM, 1/31/99, p.18)
1871 Emily Carr (d.1945), Canadian
artist and author, was born in Victoria. "You come into the world alone
and you go out of the world alone yet it seems to me you are more alone
while living than even going and coming."
(AP, 7/11/98)(SSFC, 9/23/01, p.T2)
1871 Mary Edmonia Lewis,
African-American sculptress, created her marble work "Hiawatha’s
Marriage."
(WSJ, 8/8/00, p.A20)
1871 Degas painted "Racehorses at
Longchamp."
(SFEC, 6/21/98, BR p.8)
1871 Edouard Manet made his
lithograph "Civil War."
(LSA, fall/96, p.21)
1871 Thomas Moran of England was
the artist on a US government expedition to Yellowstone and painted
"Nearing Camp, Evening on the Upper Colorado River." The painting sold
for $2.2 million in 1999 to the municipal art gallery in Bolton,
Lancashire.
(SFC, 1/18/99, p.B2)
1871 In France Whistler completed
his best known work: "Arrangement in Grey and Black: Portrait of the
Painter’s [Artist’s] Mother," [i.e. Whistler’s Mother] His mother, Anna
McNeill Whistler, had moved into his apartment displacing his Irish
model and sweetheart, Jo Heffernan. The mother died in 1881 and
Whistler borrowed £50 to get her portrait back from a pawn shop.
(WSJ, 5/31/95, p. A-14)(SFEC, 5/10/98, p.C6)
1871 The San Francisco Art
Association was founded.
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.8)(SFC, 5/30/03, p.E7)
1872 Mar 7, Piet Mondrian
(d.1944), Dutch abstract painter, was born. He was born in Amersfoort,
near Amsterdam. His two principal styles date from before and after
1907. His Red Tree in 1908 reflects the stance of a Van Gogh. In
1911 he went to Paris and quickly changed his style in response to
Cubism. He emigrated to New York in 1940. His Broadway Boogie Woogie
was done in 1942-1943. He was labeled as a degenerate by the Nazis and
was sent to New York to continue working. He went through a number of
styles i.e. fauvist, neoimpressionist Dutch landscapes, to total
abstractions in a manner of his own that he called neoplasticism. He
was a pioneer of abstract painting.
(WSJ, 6/6/95, p.A-14)(WSJ, 10/3/95, p.A-18)(SFC,
10/4/97, p.E1)(HN, 3/7/98)
1872 Mar 25, Vito Pardo, Italian
sculptor (Columbus monument in Argentina), was born.
(MC, 3/25/02)
1872 Aug 21, Aubrey Beardsley
(d.1898), English artist (Salome), was born in Brighton.
(SC, 8/21/02)
1872 Claude Monet created his
painting: “Impression Sunrise.” In 1985 it was stolen at gunpoint from
the Marmottan Museum in Paris. In 1990 French police found it in an
abandoned villa in southern Corsica.
(ON, 9/06, p.8)
1873 Repin created his painting
"The Volga Barge."
(SSFC, 11/3/02, p.M6)
1874 Mar, By the spring of this
year Claude Monet, Pierre Auguste-Renoir, Albert Sisley, Frederic
Bazille and others formed the world’s first independent artistic
association: the “Societe anonyme des peintres, sculpteurs, et
graveurs.” They gathered at Argenteuil on the banks of the Seine to
relax and paint.
(WSJ, 12/11/98, p.W16)(ON, 9/06, p.7)
1874 Apr 15, Members of the
“Societe anonyme des peintres, sculpteurs, et graveurs” opened their
first show, The First Exhibition of Independent Artists” on the
Boulevard des Capucines in Paris.
(ON, 9/06, p.7)
1874 Winslow Homer (1836-1910),
son of a local whaler, took up painting in East Hampton, NY.
(SSFC, 7/18/04, p.M2)
1874 Kramskoi created his painting
"The Peasant Ignatii Pirogov."
(SSFC, 11/3/02, p.M6)
1874 Edward Troye (b.1808),
Swiss-born Kentucky artist, died. He portrayed horses and spent time in
the Middle East in search of Arab breeding stock.
(WSJ, 7/16/03, p.D8)
1875 Jan 20, Jean Francois Millet
(b.1814), French painter, died.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=745)
1875 Sep 10, M.K. Ciurlionis
(d.1911), Lithuanian artist and composer, was born. Sep 22 is also
given as a birth date.
(LC, 1998, p.12,24)
c1876 Rodin made the original
plaster for "Age of Bronze," the figure of a naked youth.
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.46)(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1876 Edward Mitchell Bannister,
African-American artist, won a 1st place prize at the Centennial
Exposition in Philadelphia, but was turned away from the exhibition
hall when he went to collect his medal.
(WSJ, 8/8/00, p.A20)
1876 Degas painted "Absinthe."
(WSJ, 1/22/99, p.W8)
1876 Jean-Leon Gerome painted
"Solomon's Wall, Jerusalem."
(WSJ, 2/5/99, p.W12)
1876 Winslow Homer (1836-1910)
painted "Gloucester Harbor." In 1997 it hung at the Nelson Atkins
Museum of Art in Kansas City. He also did "The Cotton Pickers" in this
year and completed “Breezing Up (A Fair Wind).”
(WSJ, 11/10/97, p.B6)(SFC, 8/18/01, p.B1)(WSJ,
8/12/06, p.P14)
1876 Monet painted "Dans La
Prairie." It was expected to sell for $16-20 million in 1999. He also
did "La Repos Dans le Jardin" this year.
(WSJ, 11/5/99, p.W16)(WSJ, 5/3/02, p.W12)
1876 Pierre-Auguste Renoir painted
"The Garden of the Rue Cortot" at what is now the Montmartre museum in
Paris. He also did a portrait of Alfred Sisley about this time. His
work "At the Theater" (La Premiere Sortie) was also begun and completed
the next year.
(SFEC, 6/22/97, p.T11)(DPCP 1984)(WSJ, 8/13/99,
p.W10)
1876 The 2nd Impressionist
exhibition opened in Paris featuring Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste
Renoir, Edgar Degas and Berthe Morisot.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.9)
1877 Jun 3, Raoul Dufy, French
Fauvist painter (Palm), was born.
(MC, 6/3/02)
1877 Harrison Fisher, illustrator,
was born in Brooklyn. In 1895 he began working as a staff artist for
the SF Morning Call. He later became known as "The Father of a Thousand
Girls." In 1908 he published the 1st of his 9 books illustrating
idealized women.
(SSFC, 5/25/03, p.I4)
1877 Cezanne painted "Mme. Cezanne
in a Red Armchair."
(WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)
1877 Gustave Caillebotte French
impressionist painter, painted his "Paris Street: Rainy Day." [see
1848-1894, Caillebotte]
(WSJ, 2/23/95, p.A-10)(SSFC, 11/16/03, BR p.6)
1877 Cezanne painted "Mme. Cezanne
in a Red Armchair."
(WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)
1877 Celestino Gilardi painted "A
Visit to the Gallery." It was a scene of young women viewing a nude
sculpted goddess.
(MT, Spg. ‘97, p.20)
1877 Winslow Homer painted
"Backgammon," a watercolor genre scene.
(SFC, 6/18/97, p.E4)
1877 Claude Monet painted "Old St.
Lazare Station, Paris." He did a series of these and captured the
atmospheric effects of steam and light through the glass roof of the
train shed.
(DPCP 1984)
1877 Evelyn De Morgan created her
painting "Cadmus and Marmonia."
(WSJ, 10/16/02, p.D8)
1877 John Roddam Spencer Stanhope,
member of Britain’s Aesthetic Movement, painted "Love and the Maiden."
(SFC, 2/4/03, p.D2)
1877 The Grosvenor Gallery opened
in London as an alternative showplace for painters ignored by the Royal
Academy.
(SFC, 2/4/03, p.D2)
1877 James McNeil Whistler
completed his interior room “Harmony in Blue and Gold” better known as
the Peacock Room. The 2-year project was his transformation of the
London dining room of shipping magnate Frederick Leyland. The room was
later transported to the Smithsonian’s Freer Gallery. In 1998 Linda
Merrill authored “The Peacock Room: A Cultural Biography.”
(WSJ, 9/15/07, p.W16)
1878 Nov 25, In London a trial
opened to hear the suit of James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903) against
critic John Ruskin for libel. After a 2-day hearing the jury found
Ruskin guilty and awarded Whistler one farthing, a quarter of a penny.
Whistler later authored “The Gentle Art of Making Enemies” (1890).
(www.abcgallery.com/W/whistler/whistlerbio.html)(ON,
4/03, p.9)
1878 The Thomas Eakins (1844-1916)
painting "The Gross Clinic" was bought for $200 by Thomas Jefferson
University, a medical and health sciences school in Philadelphia. In
2006 The National Gallery of Art agreed to buy the painting for a
record $68 million, however the deal was matched by local institutions
and the painting remained in Philadelphia.
(AP, 11/11/06)(WSJ, 12/26/06, p.D8)
1879 Jul 7, George Caleb Bingham
(b.1811), artist and legislator, died in Kansas City, Mo. His paintings
included “The Jolly Flatboatmen,” which became a best-seller in 1846
after it was chosen by the American Art Union for its annual engraving.
(WSJ, 11/3/07,
p.W16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Caleb_Bingham)
1879 Sep, James McNeill Whistler
(1834-1903), artist, arrived in Venice following a lawsuit against
critic John Ruskin that awarded him a single farthing.
(SFC, 2/15/03, p.D5)
1879 Dec 18, Paul Klee (d.1940),
Swiss abstract painter best known for The Mocker Mocked, was born.
(HN, 12/18/98)
1880 Hans Hofmann (d.1966),
abstract artist, was born and raised in Munich, Germany. He lived in
Paris from 1904-1914 and moved to the US in 1931.
(SFC, 7/31/01, p.B5)(WSJ, 1/15/04, p.D8)
1881 May 24, Samuel Palmer,
landscape painter, died.
(MC, 5/24/02)
1881 Oct 25, Pablo Picasso
(d.1973), painter and sculptor, was born in Malaga, Spain. He worked in
France and a painter and sculptor. Francoise Gilot was the mother of 2
of his children. His work includes “Gilot,” and “Self-Portrait with a
Palette” (1906). He immortalized the French apéritif Pernod by
including it in many paintings. “Picasso and Dora” was written by James
Lord.
(SFC, 7/14/96, p.C11)(SFC, 8/14/96, zz-1 p.4) (WSJ,
9/30/96, p.A14)(HN, 10/25/98)
1881 Dec, German-born illustrator
Thomas Nast made his familiar illustration of "Merry Old Santa Claus"
in Harper's Weekly.
(HNPD, 12/25/99)
1881 Claude Monet painted his
landscape "Paysage Dans L’Ile Saint Martin." It later ended up in the
corporate collection of Reader’s Digest.
(WSJ, 11/13/98, p.W16)
1881 Pierre-Auguste Renoir painted
"On the Terrace," a picture of a young woman and a pink-cheeked child
with the Seine in the background.
(DPCP 1984)
1881 Rodin sculpted his "Eve."
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.46)
1881 Anton Romako (Vienna) painted
"Girl on a Swing (Olga van Wassermann)."
(SFC, 8/29/01, p.E5)
1881 In Japan Shibata Zeshin made
a book of lacquer paintings on paper, a medium that he alone mastered.
(WSJ, 2/5/98, p.A20)
1881-1882 Although Pierre-Auguste Renoir embraced
Impressionism early on. His travels to Algeria, Italy, and Provence
from 1881-82 led him to reject the style. Renoir came from a family of
artisans, who soon noticed and encouraged his aptitude for painting.
When Renoir decided to study painting in earnest, he found himself
stifled by the conventions and traditions of the day. Renoir and some
of his fellow students (Frédéric Bazille, Claude Monet
and Alfred Sisley) began meeting with young painters Paul
Cézanne and Camille Pissarro and a style developed. Although
critical and financial success did not come to the group with the first
Impressionist exposition of 1874, Renoir’s interest in the human figure
(as opposed to landscapes) led him to receive several portrait
commissions. The trips in the early 1880s exposed him to elements of
classicism that he felt drawn to in terms of both color and
brushstrokes. However, despite his newfound interest, he retained the
use of vibrant coloration and a bucolic view of nature.
(HNQ, 5/23/01)
1882 Mar 19, Gaston Lachaise
(d.1935), Franco-American sculptor (Standing Woman), was born.
(SFC, 2/2/02, p.D1)(MC, 3/19/02)
1882 May 13, Georges Braque
(d.1963, French cubist painter, was born in Argenteuil, near Paris. He
said of his work that: "The aim is not to reconstitute an anecdotal
fact, but to constitute a pictorial fact." He was shot in the head
during WW I and had his head drilled to relieve the pressure. His
"Billiard Tables" series was painted between 1944 and 1949.
(V.D.-H.K.p.359-360)(AHD, 1971, p.160)(WSJ, 5/7/97,
p.A16)(MC, 5/13/02)
1882 Jul 22,
Edward Hopper (d.1967), American artist (Nighthawks), born in Nyack,
N.Y.
(www.fact-index.com)
1882 Elie Nadelman (d.1946),
Polish-born sculptor, was born. He moved to Paris in 1904 and to the US
in 1914 with the support of Helena Rubenstein. His work included "The
Dancer" (1920-1924).
(WSJ, 5/15/03, p.D8)
1882 Claude Monet painted "The
Cliff Walk (Pourville)." His series of seaside cliff scenes are among
his most dramatic paintings. The series included "Fisherman's Cottage
on the Cliffs at Varengeville."
(DPCP 1984)
1882 John Singer Sargent (26)
painted "The Sulphur Match" and "The Daughters of Edward Boit." He also
completed "El Jaleo," the mural-scale depiction of a Spanish dancer.
(WSJ, 2/23/99, p.A20)(WSJ, 8/5/99, p.A16)
1882 Vincent Van Gogh painted "The
Wounded Veteran.'
(WSJ, 3/14/00, p.A28)
1883 Mar 30, Jo Davidson, American
sculptor, was born.
(HN, 3/30/98)
1884 Jul 12, Amadeo Modigliani,
painter and sculptor (Reclining Nude), was born in Italy.
(HN, 7/12/01)(MC, 7/12/02)
1884 Chauncy Bradley Ives created
his sculpture "Undine."
(SFC, 4/11/01, p.E8)
1884 Claude Monet painted
"Corniche of Monaco."
(WSJ, 8/26/97, p.A1)
1884 Claude Monet painted
"Bordighera." It was done on the French Riviera to which he returned
after a visit there with Renoir in late 1883. The paintings were marked
by bold, pure color in contrast to his earlier subdued pastels.
(DPCP 1984)
1884 Berthe Morisot (1841-1895)
painted the impressionist work "En Bateau sur le Lac de Boulogne." It
was valued in 1998 at $600-800 thousand.
(SFC, 2/14/98, p.A1)(SFC, 5/23/98, p.A19)
1884 French artist Paul
Philippoteaux (1846-1923) and team of 20 created in Paris the massive
Cyclorama painting titled “The Battle of Gettysburg.” It was originally
377 feet in circumference. They then shipped it to the US, where it was
first displayed in Boston. The US National Park Service acquired it in
1942. In 2008 a 5-year, $15 million restoration project was completed
and it was reopened to the public at the Gettysburg National Military
Park in Gettysburg, Pa.
(SSFC, 9/28/08,
p.E2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Philippoteaux)
1884 John Singer Sargent painted
"Madame X." It was a portrait of Mme. Pierre Gautreau. The painting was
initially called monstrous and prompted Sargent to move from Paris to
the US.
(WSJ, 2/23/99, p.A20)(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1884 Georges Seurat, French
artist, painted "Bathers at Asnieres."
(WSJ, 6/19/00, p.A44)
1884 In France Georges Seurat
began his 7x10 foot painting "A Sunday on La Grande Jatte --1884." The
work, completed in 1886, was heralded as a milestone of art theory.
(WSJ, 7/20/04, p.A1)
1884 The Salon des independents in
France had no jury and gave no prizes, but all the entries were
exhibited. This salon marked the last formal exhibition of
Impressionist paintings.
(Calg. Glen., 1996)
1885 May, Henri Rousseau
(1844-1910), a self-taught artist, exhibited two of his paintings at
the Salon of French Art in Paris without bothering to obtain
permission. One painting was cut with a knife and authorities removed
them as soon as they were noticed. That same month he exhibited his
work at the Salon of the Independents.
(ON, 8/08, p.8)
1885 Cezanne painted his
watercolor of "Madame Cezanne with hydrangeas." His painting “the
Bather” (Le Grand Baigneur) was also done about this time.
(WSJ, 2/20/96, p.A-14)(WSJ, 3/29/08, p.W18)
1885 Berthe Morisot (d.1895),
French Impressionist, painted her self portrait.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.29)
1886-1888 Vincent Van Gogh made his Paris sojourn.
(WSJ, 3/14/00, p.A28)
1887 Mar 23, Juan Gris, cubist
painter (Still Life Before an Open Window), was born in Spain.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1887 Jul 7, Marc Chagall (d.1985),
French painter and designer, was born in Vitebsk, Belarus, Russia, as
Moishe Shagal. He left there in 1907 to attend art school in St.
Petersburg. He was sent to Paris by a benefactor and befriended Chaim
Soutine and Alexander Archipenko and stayed until 1914. "From late
cubism he adopted a manner of making forms and space interpenetrate."
His work included "Les Amoureux" (The Lovers - 1916), a portrait of
himself and his wife. In 1996 it sold for $4.2 mil. In 1997 Mikhail
Guerman published "Marc Chagall: The Land of My Heart - Russia."
(SFC,7/2/96,p.E3)(WSJ,10/8/96,p.A20)(SFEC,12/797,Par
p.6)(HN, 7/7/01)
1887 Jul 28, Marcel Duchamp
(d.1968), French artist, was born. He is known best for "Nude
Descending a Staircase," (1912) featured in the 1913 Armory Show in New
York. Arturo Schwarz published his complete works in 1969 with a new
edition in 1997. In 1996 Calvin Tompkins wrote "Duchamp: A Biography."
(V.D.-H.K.p.361)(WSJ, 12/18/96, p.A18)(HN, 7/28/01)
1887 Van Gogh painted "The
Courtesan." It was inspired by an 1820 work by the Japanese artist
Keisai Eisen who pictured an intricately coifed woman that later
appeared on the cover of a French magazine
(SFC, 11/16/98, p.E3)(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)
1887 Aloys Zötl (b.1831),
Austrian naïve artist, died. Zotl’s paintings included "The
Rhinoceros."
(WSJ, 4/9/03, p.D10)
1888 Oct-1888 Dec, Vincent van
Gogh shared a 4-room house in Arles, France, with Paul Gauguin. In
December Van Gogh cut off his ear with a razor during a quarrel with
painter Paul Gauguin, who then fled to Paris. They never saw each other
again.
(Econ, 4/29/06, p.89)
1888 McKendree Robbins Long
(d.1976), Southern gothic painter and evangelical preacher, was born in
Statesville, NC.
(SFC, 7/6/02, p.D6)
1888 James Ensor, Belgian artist,
painted "Christ's Entry into Brussels in 1889." It was later acquired
by the Getty Museum.
(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)(SFEM, 10/17/99, p.11)
1888 Vincent van Gogh painted the
"Portrait of a Young Man in a Cap." The painting later went up for
auction for as much as $8 mil. Van Gogh also painted his "Boats at
Saintes-Maries," "The Bedroom," "Self Portrait as an Artist," "Postman
Joseph Roulin," and "Le Pont de Trinquetaille" in this year. In 1990
Robert Altman directed a film titled "Vincent and Theo" about Van Gogh
and his brother.
(WSJ, 4/27/95, p.C-18)(WSJ, 11/10/95, p. A-10)(SFC,
4/13/96, p.E3)(SFC, 1/14/98, p.D3)(SFEC, 10/25/98, Z1 p.12)(WSJ,
9/3/99, p.W10)(WSJ, 9/24/99, p.W9)
1888 John Singer Sargent painted
the portrait of Isabella Stewart Gardner titled "Mrs. Jack."
(WSJ, 8/5/99, p.A16)
1888 Rudolph Swoboda painted "The
Munshi Abdul Karim," a portrait of Queen Victoria's favorite servant
after the death of Hohn Brown.
(WSJ, 11/26/03, p.D10)
1889 Apr 15, Thomas Hart Benton,
painter, muralist, was born in Missouri.
(HN, 4/15/98)(MC, 4/15/02)
1889 Jul 13, Vincent van Gogh
painted "Moonrise." The exact date was determined in 2003 by a
physicist using a computer and moon data from the painting.
(SFC, 7/16/03, p.D2)
1889 Van Gogh painted "The
Gardener," while a patient in St. Remy-de-Provence as well as “Starry
Night.” He also did "Wheatfield with a Reaper" and "Crab on Its Back"
in this year.
(SFC, 5/21/98, p.A14)(SFC, 1/18/99, p.B1)(WSJ,
8/14/01, p.A12)(WSJ, 10/18/08, p.W12)
1890 cJun, Van Gogh painted his
Portrait of Dr. Gachet. He described the painting in detail to his
brother and sister. A 2nd portrait of Dr. Gachet, held by the Musee
d'Orsay is a variant of the first and is suspected to be unfinished by
Van Gogh and completed by someone else.
(WSJ, 2/16/99, p.A20)
1890 Jul 29, Artist Vincent van
Gogh died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound in Auvers-sur-Oise, France,
while painting "Wheatfield with Crows." He spent his last 70 days in
the care of Dr. Gachet and 78 paintings have been attributed to this
period. Earlier in the year he painted his "Garden at Auvers."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)(SFC, 5/26/96, Z1 p.2)(WSJ,
2/16/99, p.A20)(AP, 7/29/07)
1890 Aug 27, Man Ray (d.1976) was
born as Emmanuel Radinski in Philadelphia, Pa. A painter and
photographer, he and Marcel Duchamp founded the Dadaism movement.
(Reuters, 8/28/01)
1890 Henri Rousseau (1844-1910)
brought to the Salon of the Independents his full-length self-portrait
entitled: Myself, Portrait-Landscape.
(ON, 8/08, p.8)
1890-1891 Paul Gauguin created his painting "Loss of
Virginity."
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1891 Jan 31, Jean-Louis-Ernest
Meissonier (b.1815), French academic painter, died. His painting
“Friedland, 1807,” begun in 1863, was completed in 1875.
(www.newadvent.org/cathen/10149a.htm)
1891 Mar 29, Georges-Pierre Seurat
(31), French painter (Pointillism), died.
(MC, 3/29/02)
1891 Apr 1, Painter Gauguin left
Marseille for Tahiti.
(MC, 4/1/02)
1891 Apr 2, Max Ernst, German
painter and sculptor, founder of surrealism, was born. [see Jan 24]
(HN, 4/2/98)
1891 Jun 9, Painter Paul Gauguin
arrived in Papeete, Tahiti.
(MC, 6/9/02)
1891 Aug 22, Jacque Lipchitz
(d.1973), sculptor, was born in Poland.
(HN, 8/22/00)
1892 Feb 13, Grant Wood, painter
(American Gothic), was born in Eldon, Iowa. Wood studied at the
University of Iowa, taught there and made Iowa the focus of his
paintings. His is considered one of America's first 'regionalist'
painters. His most famous work 'American Gothic', often spoofed, is a
painting of the puritanical farmer and his wife or daughter.
(HN, 2/13/01)(SSFC, 7/3/05, p.E3)
1892 E.F. Holt painted "A Farmyard
Scene."
(SFEM, 10/18/98, p.14)
1892 Thomas Moran painted his
geological extravaganza "Grand Canyon of the Colorado."
(WSJ, 9/19/02, p.D12)
1892 John Singer Sargent, artist,
began his painting of "Lady Agnew of Locknaw." It was completed in 1893.
(SFC, 3/31/97, p.E6)
1892 Alfred Sisley painted "View
of the Village of Moret."
(WSJ, 2/29/00, p.B16)
1892 In Fort Worth, Texas, 20
women founded the state’s 1st art museum with $50,000 from Andrew
Carnegie.
(WSJ, 12/17/02, p.D8)
1893 Mar 9, Edgar Scauflaire,
Belgian muralist, decorator, was born.
(MC, 3/9/02)
1893 Apr 20, Joan Miró,
Spanish painter, was born.
(HN, 4/20/01)
1893 Jul 26, George Grosz
(d.1959), German satiric artist and illustrator, was born. He arrived
in Berlin in 1911 and began drawing what he saw in a style of
expressionism and the journalistic style of Heinrich Zille. A
collection of his work was published in 1997 based on an exhibition
catalog titled: "The Berlin of George Grosz: Drawings, Watercolors and
Prints, 1912-1930."
(SFEC, 7/13/97, BR p.10)(HN, 7/26/01)
1893 Chaim Soutine (d.1943),
artist, was born in Minsk. He studied art in Vilnius and moved to
Paris. His work is seen in 3 distinct ways: as a crude primitive, as a
master continuing in the French tradition, and as a prophet who helped
form later painters.
(WSJ, 5/14/98, p.A20)
1893 Edvard Munch (1863-1944),
Norwegian artist, painted "The Scream." The red sky in the painting was
later said to have resulted from his views of the red skies over Norway
during the 1883 volcano explosion at Krakatoa.
(AP, 12/10/03)
1894-1895 Edvard Munch (1863-1944), Norwegian artist,
painted "Madonna." In 2004 it was stolen from the Oslo Munch Museum.
(WSJ, 8/24/04, p.D8)
1895 Mar 2, Berthe Morisot
(b.1841) French impressionist painter, died of pneumonia.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.10)
c1895 Elizabeth Jane Gardner,
American artist, painted “The Shepherd David” and exhibited it at the
Paris Salon of 1895. She was the 1st American woman to exhibit in the
Paris Salon.
(NMWA, 12/04, p.28)
1896 Apr 2, Theodore Robinson
(b.1852), American Impressionist painter, died in NYC.
(WSJ, 10/1/04, p.W2)(http://97.1911encyclopedia.org)
1896 Aug 13, John Everett Millais
(67), English painter, died.
(MC, 8/13/02)
1896 Oct 3, William Morris
(b.1834), English artist and writer, died. In 1995 Fiona MacCarthy
authored the biography: “William Morris.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Morris)(WSJ,
1/21/07, p.P9)
1897-1898 Paul Gauguin created his painting "D'ou
venons-nous? Que sommmes-nous? Ou allons-nous?" (Where do we come from?
What Are We? Where are we going?)
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1898 Jul 22,
Alexander Calder (d.1976), American artist. He is considered the
inventor of the mobile as a sculpture. In 1998 Marla Prather, Alexander
Rower and Arnauld Pierre published the Calder retrospective: "Alexander
Calder."
(SFEM,11/30/97, p.10)(HN, 7/22/02)
1898 Aug 24, Ernest Narjot
(b.1826), French-born painter, died in SF. He came to California with
the Gold Rush in 1849 and became one of the state’s foremost artists.
Much of his work was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake.
(SFCM, 10/28/01, p.20)
1898 Sep 12, Ben Shahn (d.1969),
American painter (1964 Arts & Letters), was born In Kaunas,
Lithuania.
(WSJ, 12/1/98,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Shahn)
1899 May 25, Marie-Rosalie "Rosa"
Bonheur (68), French painter, died.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1900 May 18, Sarah Miriam Peale,
US portrait painter (General Lafayette-1825), was born.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1900 Pierre Bonnard (1867-1947),
French artist, painted "Siesta."
(WSJ, 6/24/98,
p.A16)(www.abcgallery.com/B/bonnard/bonnardbio.html)
1901 Jun 24, The 1st exhibition by
Pablo Picasso (19) opened in Paris.
(MC, 6/24/02)
1901 Jul 31, Jean Dubuffet, French
sculptor and painter, was born.
(HN, 7/31/01)
1901 Sep 9, Henri de
Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter, died at 36.
(MC, 9/9/01)
1902 May 12, Heinrich Kirchner,
German sculptor, was born.
(MC, 5/12/02)
1902 Aug 8, Jean Y.Y. Tissot,
French painter, illustrator, died.
(MC, 8/8/02)
1902 Paul Gauguin created his
painting "Primitive Tales."
(WSJ, 4/12/04, p.D8)
1903 Mar 20, Henri Matisse
exhibited at the Salon des Independants.
(HN, 3/20/98)
1903 May 8, Paul Gauguin died in
the Marquesas Islands. He was buried at Atuona on Hiva Oa Island.
(SFEC, 8/25/96, p.T6)(SSFC, 6/2/02, p.C9)
1903 Jul 17, James Abbott McNeil
Whistler (b.1834), expatriate painter famous for painting his mother
(1872), died.
(www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/art.asp?aid=652)(ON, 4/03, p.9)
1903 Sep 25, Mark Rothko (d.1970),
[Marcus Rothkovich] US émigré painter (Green on Blue),
was born in Dvinsk, Russia, later Daugavpils, Latvia. His family moved
to Portland, Ore. in 1913. His work included "Subway" (1936/1939),
"Street Scene" (1936/1938), "Untitled" (1942), "Untitled" (1942/1943),
"Phalanx of the Mind" (1945), "The Source" (1946), "Sacrificial Moment"
(1946), "Number 18" (1948), and "Untitled" (1945-1946).
(V.D.-H.K.p.362)(SFC,1/21/97, p.B1,2)(AP, 11/11/03)
1904/5 Apr 15, Arshile Gorky
(d.1948), artist, was born as Vostanig Adoian of Armenian parents in
Eastern Turkey. He came to the US in 1920 and assumed a new name in
admiration of Russian writer Maxim Gorky.
(WSJ, 5/12/99, p.A20)(HN, 4/15/01)
1904 Apr 24, Willem de Kooning
(d.1997), abstract impressionist artist, was born in Rotterdam.
(SFC, 3/20/97, p.A1,6,E1)(HN, 4/24/01)
1904 May 11, Salvador Dali
(d.1989), surrealist painter, was born in Figueres, Spain.
(HN, 5/11/98)(WSJ, 1/25/99, p.A16)(SFEC, 7/16/00,
p.T4)
1905 Jan 18, Edward Henry Corbould
(b.1815), English artist, died.
(WSJ, 11/22/08,
p.W11)(www.corbould.com/artists/ehc/ehc.html)
1905 Picasso painted his "Boy in a
Collar." In 1995 it sold for $12.1 mil. He also painted his "Sitting
Harlequin." He also painted "Boy with a Pipe" in this Rose Period. The
etching "la Toilette de la Mere" was made. In 2004 Sotheby started
auction bidding at $70 million for "Boy with a Pipe."
(WSJ, 11/21/95, p.A-12)(SFC, 3/29/97, p.E1)(SFC,
7/29/99, p.E6)
1905 The expressionist art group
"Die Bruecke" (the Bridge) was formed by German painters that included
Erich Heckel and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner.
(SSFC, 4/21/02, p.A17)
1906 Mar, Matisse first exhibited
his 6x8 foot untraditional, pastoral canvas “Le Bonheur de vivre” at
the Salon des Independants in Paris. It was purchased from the salon by
Leo and Gertrude Stein.
(WSJ, 12/2/06, p.P12)
1906 Oct 22, Paul Cezanne
(b.1839), French post-impressionist painter, died in Aix-en-Provence.
(AP, 10/22/06)
1906 W.D. McKay authored “The
Scottish School of Painting.”
(McKay, 1906, 369pp)
1907 Ricardo Anckermann (b.1842),
ethnic German artist who painted in Mallorca, Spain, died.
(WSJ, 12/27/07, p.D7)
1907 Marc Chagall painted his
"Self Portrait with Seven Fingers."
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1907 Arthur Wesley Dow painted
"Rain in May."
(SFC, 9/11/99, p.C12)
1907 Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
painted the portrait "Adele Bloch-Bauer I.” In 2006 it sold for a
record $135 million to cosmetics magnate Ronald S. Lauder. Adele
Bloch-Bauer (d.1925) was the wife of a Jewish sugar industrialist
in Vienna.
(SFC, 6/19/06,
p.E2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt)
1907 Matisse painted his "Red
Madras Headdress" which featured his wife as the model. The painting
later became part of the Albert C. Barnes collection. [see 1925,
Barnes] Matisse also painted "Blue Nude" in this year.
(WSJ, 11/28/95, p.A-12)(WSJ, 7/9/01, p.A26)
1907 Adolph Hitler (18) applied to
study art in Vienna but was rejected. A pair of his watercolor
paintings were reported in 1999 to be in Dubai, UAR, under the
ownership of the Bonyad Mostazafan foundation.
(SFC, 7/6/99, p.C3)
1908 Feb 29, The artist known as
Balthus was born in Paris.
(AP, 2/29/08)
1908 Victor Vasarely, the father
of op art, was born in Pecs, Hungary.
(Hem., 6/98, p.128)
1908 Braque and Picasso began
vying with one another in their artwork and ended up by teaching
everyone to see the world in an entirely new way. Picasso created his
oil painting "Three Women" this year.
(V.D.-H.K.p.361)(SFC, 10/30/01, p.B1)
1908 Kees Van Dongen painted his
seated nude "The Maid’s Bed."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1908 Natalia Goncharova, Russian
artist, painted "Bleaching Linen."
(WSJ, 5/2/03, p.W6)
1908 Claude Monet made his last
trip abroad to Venice with his wife Alice and made a number of
paintings.
(WSJ, 8/26/97, p.A14)
1908 Rene Lalique was making glass
perfume bottles for Francois Coty.
(SFC, 3/26/97, z1 p.7)
1909 May 21, Sister Maria
Innocentia Hummel, artist, was born.
(HN, 5/21/01)
1909 Dec, Frederic Remington
(b.1861), American Western painter and sculptor, died. His work
included "The Fight for the Water Hole," "The Call for Help" (1908),
and "Shotgun Hospitality" (1908).
(AAP, 1964)(WUD, 1994, p.1213)(HN, 10/4/00)
1909 Matisse made his bronze "Head
of Fernande."
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1909 George Bellows painted "Stag
at Sharkeys," depicting a pair of boxers. He also did "Pennsylvania
Station Excavation."
(WSJ, 8/21/02, p.D8)(WSJ, 9/24/02, p.D8)
1909 Marc Chagall painted "The Red
Nude," an early work with touches of Fauvism.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1909 Adolf Hitler painted a series
of views around Linz, Austria, including the watercolor "Mountain
Chapel."
(WSJ, 7/24/02, p.D12)
1909 Henri Matisse painted
“Dance,” commissioned for the stairwell of a Moscow mansion.
(WSJ, 12/7/04, p.D11)
1909 Italian futurists distributed
their first manifesto. F.T. Marinetti (1876-1944) published the 1st
Futurist Manifesto.
(SFEC, 1/3/99, DB p.27)(SFC, 12/27/99, p.E1)
1909 The Musicalist movement in
art began with the work of Russian artist Wassily Kandinsky.
(Exc, 6/96, p.118)
1909 Picasso sculpted the head
"Fernande," the first cubist sculpture. His paintings this year
included "Femme Nue," which featured his lover Fernande Olivier and
“Houses on the Hill” (Horta de Ebro).
(SFEM, 11/24/96, p.42)(WSJ, 2/12/99, p.W9)(WSJ,
5/13/04, p.D10)
1909 John Sloan, American painter,
painted Chinese Restaurant.
(WSJ, 6/6/95, p.A-14)
1910 May 23, Franz Kline (d.1962),
American painter of abstract expressionist style, was born in
Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_77.html)
1910 Sep 2, Henri "le Douanier"
Rousseau (b.1844), French customs officer and painter, died in Paris.
He had recently completed his masterpiece “The Dream.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Rousseau)(WSJ,
9/13/06, p.D10)
1910 Nell Sinton, American artist,
was born. Her work included the abstract oil "Greenhouse" (1961).
(SFC, 6/27/97, p.C3)
1910 George Bellows painted his
sporting scene "Polo Crowd." In 1999 it sold for $27.5 million.
(SFC, 12/3/99, p.W16)
1910 Marc Chagall in his pre-Paris
period painted "The Workshop and Death."
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1910 Winslow Homer (b.1836),
American painter, died. His work "Breezing Up (A Fair Wind)" was done
between 1873-1876. His sea painting from the rocky coast of New England
captured the power of the sea on the people who confronted it and
depended on it. In 2002 Patricia Junker and Sarah Burns authored
"Winslow Homer: Artist and Angler."
(WSJ, 4/2/96, p.A-12)(HN, 2/24/99)(WSJ, 7/21/00,
p.W2)(WSJ, 1/10/03, p.W7)
1910 Alexei von Jawlensky, Russian
painter, created the portrait "Schokko." In 2003 it was auctioned for
$8.2 million.
(SFC, 11/12/03, p.D4)
1910 Vasily Kandinsky painted his
first three compositions at the age of 44, however they were destroyed
in WW II.
(WSJ, 2/8/95, p.A-12)
1911 Aug 21, Leonardo da Vinci’s
“Mona Lisa” was stolen from the Louvre Museum. The painting turned up
in Italy two years later.
(AP, 8/21/06)
1911 Aug 22, It was announced in
Paris that Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa had been stolen from the
Louvre Museum the night before. It had hung there for more than 100
years. Vincenzo Perugia stole the painting, which was recovered in
Italy in 1913.
(AP, 8/22/97)(HN, 8/22/98)
1911 Mikhail Larionov and Natalia
Goncharova developed rayonism (rayonnism), a style of abstract art,
after hearing a series of lectures about Futurism by Marinetti in
Moscow. The Rayonists sought an art that floated beyond abstraction,
outside of time and space, and to break the barriers between the artist
and the public.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayonism)
1911 Edmonia Lewis (b.1843),
American sculptor, died. Her work included “The Death of Cleopatra.”
(SSFC, 2/27/05, p.B1)
1912 Jan 28, Jackson Pollock
(d.1956), "Jack the Dripper", expressionist painter (Lavender Mist),
was born in Cody, Wyoming. Leader of the abstract expressionist school
of art. He filled 2 sketchbooks between 1937-1939 and another from
1938-1941.
(AHD, 1971, p.1015)(WSJ, 11/5/97, p.A20)(MC, 1/28/02)
1912 Aug 13, Jan Peeters, Dutch
water colors painter, monumental artist, was born.
(MC, 8/13/02)
1913 Phillip Malyavin, Russian
artist, painted the portrait "Dancing woman."
(WSJ, 5/2/03, p.W6)
1914 Marc Chagall returned to
Vitebsk and a year later married his muse, Bella Rosenfeld. He founded
a fine arts academy in his birthplace and later moved to Moscow where
he painted decorative murals for the Yiddish theater. He later moved to
Berlin.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)
1914 The sculpture "Large Horse"
was made by Duchamp-Villon.
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1914 Henri Gaudier-Brzeska
(1891-1915) made the sculpture "Hieratic Head of Ezra Pound."
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1914 Raymond Duchamp-Villon made
his sculpture: "Large Horse," an abstract vision of horsepower.
(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B6)
1914 Andre Favory painted his
cubist "Woman with a Fan."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1914 Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
(1880-1938), German Expressionist painter, created his “Potsdamer
Platz.”
(WSJ, 5/25/04, p.d8)
1914 Gustav Klimt, Austrian
modernist, painted "The Villa at Attersee." In 2003 Sotheby's auctioned
it for $29.1 million.
(SFC, 11/12/03, p.D4)
1914 Ludwig Meidner (1884-1966),
German expressionist artist, published his sequence of drawings titled
“Krieg,” a grotesque taste of the ghastliness of war to come.
(Econ, 1/5/08, p.80)
1914 Jean Metzinger created his
cubist tabletop Still Life in muted shades of brown, blue and yellow.
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1914 Stanley Spencer painted "The
Centurion’s Servant."
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)
1914 Egon Schiele (b.1990),
Viennese artist, made his "Reclining Woman With Raised Chemise."
(WSJ, 11/19/97, p.A20)
1915 Jun 5, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska
(23), French sculptor, died on the Western Front. In 1931 H.S. Ede
authored “Savage Messiah: Gaudier Brzeska. In 2004 Paul O’Keeffe
authored “Gaudier-Brzeska: An Absolute Case of Genius.”
(Econ, 3/6/04,
p.76)(www.britannica.com/eb/article-9036204/Henri-Gaudier-Brzeska)
1915 Gutzon Borglum (1867-1941)
signed on about this time with the United Daughter of the Confederacy
to carve a memorial at Stone Mountain in Georgia and soon rose to the
high ranks of the newly resurgent KKK. He was later fired from the
project and in 1927 began the Mount Rushmore presidential memorial.
(SSFC, 9/9/07, p.C4)
1915-1991 Robert Motherwell, painter of the New York
School. In 1997 Daiv Rosand edited: "Robert Motherwell on Paper:
Drawings, Prints, Collages."
(SFEC, 3/16/97, BR p.8)
1916 Feb 13, Vilhelm Hammershoi
(b.1864), Danish painter, died. He is most celebrated for his
interiors, many of which he painted at his residence in Copenhagen.
(Econ, 7/5/08, p.94)
1916 May 20, The Saturday Evening
Post cover featured a Norman Rockwell painting.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1916 Marcel Duchamp displayed a
plastic typewriter cover as finished work of art, a dadaist still-life
with the logo "Underwood."
(WSJ, 6/4/97, p.A16)
1916 A glass mural, "Dream
Garden," was made by Maxfield Parrish and Louis Tiffany. the 15 x 49
foot work was commissioned by Cyrus Curtis and sold for over $5 million
in 1998.
(SFC, 7/24/98, p.C11)
1916 Albert Gleizes painted his
ethereal Florent Schmidt at the Piano.
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1916 Egon Schiele, Viennese
artist, made his "Reclining Woman Exposing Herself."
(WSJ, 11/19/97, p.A20)
1916 Egon Schiele painted a view
of Krumau, Bohemia. In 2003 it sold for £12.6 million.
(Econ, 8/23/03, p.55)
1916 Henry Tonk, artist, did
Studies of Facial Wounds. It was inspired by the shrapnel horrors of WW
I.
(WSJ, 6/15/95, p.A-14)
1917 Jan 18, Philip Boileau
(b.1863), Canada-born artist, died in the US. He was known for his
portraits of beautiful women, the “Boileau Girls.”
(SFC, 3/12/08,
p.G3)(www.thephilipboileausociety.com/)
1917 Jul 12, Andrew Wyeth, painter
who focused on the northeastern United States, was born in Chadds Ford,
Pa. In 1998 Beth Venn and Adam Weinberg published "Unknown Terrain," a
companion piece to a Whitney Museum exhibition of his art.
(HN, 7/12/98)(MC, 7/12/02)(www.wyethcenter.com)
1917 Sep 27, Hilaire Germain Edgar
Degas (b1834), French impressionist painter died in Paris. His
fascination with horses was covered in the 1998 book "Degas at the
Races" by Jean Sutherland.
(WSJ, 10/2/96, p.B5)(SFEC, 6/21/98, BR
p.8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Degas)
1917 Nov 17, The French Sculptor
Rodin (77) froze to death in an unheated attic in Meudon, France. He
had applied to the government for quarters as warm as those wherein his
statues were stored, but the government turned him down. His studio was
called La Villa des Brillants. He worked with sculptor A.-E.
Carrier-Belleuse and for years spent a considerable amount of time on
decorative work for public monuments. His work included several
versions of a "Monument to Victor Hugo," "The Kiss," "The Burghers of
Calais" and "The Thinker." His famous "Balzac" wasn’t cast in bronze
until 1939. The film "Camille Claudel" told the story of Rodin’s
mistress, a brilliant sculptress who went mad after their love affair.
(SFC, 12/4/94, p. S-8)(SFEC, 8/25/96, p.T10)(AP,
11/17/97)
1917 In France Marcel Duchamp
christened his supine “readymade” urinal as a work of art, "Fountain,"
and signed it with the fictitious name R. Mutt. The original was lost
but he authorized an edition of 8 replicas in 1964.
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.A17)(WSJ, 2/18/05, p.A10)
1917 Auguste Moreau (b.1834),
French sculptor, died. He and 4 other members of his family designed
light fixtures based on sculptured figures.
(SFC, 1/16/08,
p.G4)(www.aspireauctions.com/auction30/details/4195.html)
1918 Feb 6, Gustav Klimt (b.1862),
Austrian Symbolist artist, died. He helped found the Vienna
Secessionist art movement (1897) and was chosen as its 1st president.
(WSJ, 7/11/01,
p.A15)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt)
1918 Jul 22, Florine Stettheimer
painted "Heat," wherein she captured the relations between mothers and
daughters with deft satire. The date is on the birthday cake in the
painting.
(WSJ, 7/18/95, p.A-12)
1918 Oct 11, Archibald M. Willard
(b.1836), American artist, died in Ohio. His paintings included “Spirit
of ’76” (1876).
(www.nationalsojourners.org/heroes.html)
c1919 Jose Clemente Orozco, David
Alfaro Siqueiros (d.1974) and Diego Rivera, Mexican painters in Paris,
decided that the revolution must be expressed in a public art that all
could understand.
(SFEC, 11/8/98, p.T5)
1920 Jan 24, Amedeo Modigliani
(b.1884), Italian sculptor, painter, died in Paris. His mistress Jeanne
Hebuterne, pregnant with his child, committed suicide 2 days later
rather than live without him. In 2006 Jeffrey Meyers authored
“Modigliani: A Life.”
(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_110.html)(WSJ, 3/21/06,
p.D8)
1920 Jan 26, Jeanne Hebuterne
(b.1898), the mistress of Amadeo Modigliani, killed herself 2 days
following Modigliani’s death while carrying his child.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_H%C3%A9buterne)
1920-1950 In 2003 Bram Dijkstra authored "American
Expressionism: Art and Social Change 1920-1950."
(SSFC, 8/10/03, p.M1)
1921 Jul, Juan Miro (1893-1983),
Spanish artist, began working on his painting titled “The Farm.” He
completed it 9 months later. Ernest Hemingway, one of his sparring
partners in Paris, purchased the painting in 1925. In 1987 the
Hemingway family donated the painting to the National Gallery of Art.
(WSJ, 12/13/08, p.W8)
1922 The second largest equestrian
statue in the world, located in Washington, D.C., is of General and
later President Ulysses S. Grant. The statue of Grant, sculpted by
Henry Merwin Shrady and dedicated in 1922, stands at head of the
reflecting pool in front of the U.S. Capitol Building. The only
equestrian statue larger is of Victor Emmanuel in Italy.
(HNQ, 11/21/98)
1922 Pierre Bonnard painted "Woman
With Dog."
(WSJ, 11/17/99, p.A20)
1922 Marc Chagall (1887-1985),
Belarus-born Russian artist, authored a memoir.
(SFC, 11/19/08, p.E8)
1922 The Constructivist group of
artists in Russia issued a manifesto calling for the defeat of art,
which they regarded as the enemy of technology. Alexander Rodchenko
(1891-1956), a painter turned photographer, was founding member of the
group.
(Econ, 2/9/08,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandr_Rodchenko)
1922 Paul Klee painted his
watercolor "Little Regata." It was stolen from the Phillips Collection
in Washington DC in 1963 and returned in 1997.
(WSJ, 6/24/97, p.A20)
1922 Fernand Leger painted his
"Mother and Child."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)
1922 Maxfield Parrish painted his
oil "Daybreak." It was auctioned off at Sotheby’s in 1996 for
$4,292,500.
(SFC, 6/12/96, p.C1)
1922 Picasso painted "Mother and
Child." [also dated 1921] Picasso originally used his wife's body and
the face of another woman and included himself. He later cut himself
out after his marriage deteriorated and began painting his wife with a
long ugly neck and angry teeth.
(WSJ, 4/27/95, p.C-1)(WSJ, 4/9/99, p.W16)
1922 Reginald Arthur Borstel
(b.1875), Australian artist, died. He was known for his ship portraits.
(SSFC, 3/27/05, p.B5)
1923 May 29, Adolf Oberländer
German painter, died.
(SC, 5/29/02)
1923 Aug 10, Joaquin Sorolla y
Bastida (b.1863), Spanish impressionist painter, died in Cercedilla.
His work included “A View of Malaga.”
(WSJ, 10/29/04, p.A15)(www.britannica.com)
1923 Aug 17, Larry Rivers
(d.2002), painter and sculptor, was born in Bronx, NY, as Yitzroch
Grossberg.
(HN, 8/17/00)(SC, 8/12/02)(NW, 8/26/02, p.9)
1923 Francois Flameng (b.1856),
French painter, died. He painted imagined scenes from the domestic life
of Napoleon Bonaparte.
(MT, Fall/03, p.13)
1924 Isaac Brodsky, Soviet
Realist, completed the monumental depiction: "The Second Congress of
the Comintern," which took place in the Uritsky Palace.
(Econ, 10/11/03, p.85)
1925 Apr 15, John Singer Sargent
(b.1856), US portrait painter, died in London.
(WSJ, 8/5/99, p.A16)(
www.artfact.com/features/viewArtist.cfm?aID=3117)
1925 Jul 26, Tyeb Mehta, painter
and film maker, was born in Gujarat, India. In 2005 one of his
paintings fetched $1.58 million.
(Econ, 9/16/06,
p.75)(www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/tyeb-mehta.html)
1925 Dr. Albert C. Barnes
(1872-1951) built a mansion to house his collection of French
impressionist and post-impressionist masterpieces in Merion,
Pennsylvania. The collection grew to some 2,500 objects and their setup
and access was highly restricted by Dr. Barnes’ trust indenture. Barnes
had made his fortune with a pediatric antibiotic called Argyrol. By
2000 his foundation was broke. In 2003 John Anderson authored ""Art
Held Hostage," an account of the Barnes collection.
(WSJ, 11/28/95, p.A-12)(WSJ, 7/18/03, p.W18)
1925 Chiura Obata (1885-1975),
Japanese American artist, created his scroll painting “Setting Sun:
Sacramento Valley.” He was a faculty member in the Art Department at
the University of California at Berkeley from 1932 to 1953, interrupted
by World War II, when he spent over a year in internment camps.
(SFC, 11/12/08,
p.E1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiura_Obata)
1926 Aug 25, Thomas Moran
(b.1837), English-born American painter, died. His paintings of
Yellowstone helped persuade Congress to designate it a national park.
Moran painted "The Valley of the Cuernavaca." The painting was stolen
around 1975 from the National Museum of American Art in Washington DC.
It was recovered in 1995 at an auction house not far from the museum.
Moran was best known for works on the Grand Canyon and Yellowstone
National Park. Steven Good in Denver compiled a catalogue raisonne on
Moran and verified the above work.
(WSJ, 5/11/95, p. A-14)(SFC,10/15/97, p.D3)
1926 Oct 24, Charlie Russell
(b.1864), Western artist, died in Great Falls, Montana. He produced
some 4,000 works of art including a 12-by-25 foot “Lewis and Clark
Meeting Indians at Ross’ Hole,” which was hung in Montana’s Capitol.
(Arch, 7/02, p.6)(www.globalgallery.com)(WSJ,
3/16/06, p.A1)
1926 Dec 5, Claude [Oscar] Monet
(b.1840), French painter (impressionist), died at Giverny, where he’d
painted since 1883. Monet was one of the original proponents of
Impressionism and--despite failing eyesight--painted fervently until
his death. He was born in Paris, but grew up observing nature on the
Normandy coast near Le Havre. While studying under Charles Gleyre,
Monet met fellow students Fridiric Bazille, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and
Alfred Sisley. They broke with their teacher and his conventions of
painting that included, among other traditions, the painting of outdoor
landscapes in a studio. Although he began to experiment with "series"
in the late 1870s, his trademark method only appeared in earnest in the
1890s. This involved a series of paintings of the same subject under
different lighting and weather conditions. Monet remained committed to
Impressionism long after many of his contemporaries had abandoned the
style. In 2006 over 1000 letters to Monet were auctioned.
(SSFC, 5/20/01, p.T8)(HNQ, 5/25/01)(SFC, 12/9/06,
p.E2)
1927 Work on Mount Rushmore began
and was completed in 1941. When South Dakota officials invited Gutzon
Borglum (1867-1941) to design a sculpture on the face of the Black
Hills, he declared, "American history shall march along that skyline."
Borglum’s son Lincoln (d.1986) led the completion of the project
created by some 400 workers.
(HNQ, 4/17/00)(SSFC, 9/9/07, p.C4)
1929 Marc Chagall (1887-1985)
painted "The Rooster."
(SFC, 7/26/03, p.D1)
1929 Picasso painted "Large Nude
in a Red Armchair.”
(Econ, 11/17/07, p.99)
1929 The Academy of Advertising
Art was founded in San Francisco by Richard S. Stephens. It grew to
become the largest private art and design college in the US. By 2007
close to 10,000 students were enrolled. Stephens, art director for
Sunset Magazine, founded the academy with his wife Clara and $2000. In
2004 it changed its name to the Academy of Art University.
(SFC, 5/22/98, p.B2)(SFC, 10/22/99, p.C14)(SFC,
3/10/04, p.B2)(SFCM, 9/30/07, p.12)
1930 May 15, Jasper Johns, Jr.,
painter, leader of the Pop Art movement, was born in Augusta, Ga. He
grew up in South Carolina.
(HN, 5/15/01)(SFC, 3/8/07, p.E3)
1930 Sep 29, Ilya Repin (b.1944),
Ukrainian born Russian artist and sculptor, died.
(www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Ilya-Repin)
1930 John Steuart Curry, American
artist, painted "Hogs Killing a Snake (Hogs Killing a Rattlesnake)."
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1930 Edward Hopper painted "Early
Sunday Morning."
(WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)
1930 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"White Rose, New Mexico."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T7)
1930 Piet Mondrian painted his
"Composition No. 1; Composition 1A."
(WSJ, 2/14/96, p.A-1)
1930 Picasso painted "Seated
Bather," a picture of his wife seated on the beach like a kind of sea
monster.
(WSJ, 4/26/96, p.A-13)
1930 Gino Severini, Italian
artist, published Fleurs et Masques in London.
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.6)
1930 Tchelichew, a Russian artist,
painted a pastel of a beautiful, muscular dancer. For years it was kept
by writer Julien Green in Paris.
(SFEC, 9/6/98, BR p.2)
1930 Grant Wood, American painter,
completed his "American Gothic." His sister and a Cedar Rapids, Iowa
dentist were his models. It is at the Art Institute of Chicago. Wood’s
biography, "Artist in Overalls: The Life of Grant Wood" by John
Duggleby, was published in 1996. He also painted "Dinner for Threshers"
now at the de Young Museum in SF. In 2005 Steven Biel authored
“American Gothic, A Life of America’s Most Famous Painting.”
(T&L, 10/80, p. 58)(SFC, 6/9/96, DB p.11)(WSJ,
11/5/96, p.A20)(SSFC, 7/3/05, p.E3)
1931 Jun 13, Santiago Rusinol
(b.1861), Spanish Catalan post-impressionist painter, author, and
playwright., died.
(http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0750803/)
1931 Pierre Bonnard painted his
Self-Portrait, "The Boxer" and "Still Life in front of a Window."
(WSJ, 2/8/96, p.A-12)(WSJ, 6/24/98, p.A16)
1931 Jean de Brunhoff (d.1937),
French painter, published “Histoire de Babar, le petit elephant” (The
Story of Babar, the Little elephant). He illustrated the Babar stories
which were invented by his wife Cecille (d.2003).
(SFC, 4/15/03, p.A16)(WSJ, 10/11/08, p.W12)
1931 Salvador Dali painted "La
Solitude." This became the first Dali painting to enter an American
public collection.
(WSJ, 2/2/99, p.A20)
1931 Arthur G. Dove painted his:
"Ferry Boat Wreck."
(WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)
1931 Frida Kahlo painted "Frida
and Diego Rivera." It is on exhibit at the SF Museum of Modern Art.
(SF E&C, 1/15/1995, SFE Mag. p.21)
1931 Matisse made his bronze "Head
of Marie-Theresa."
(WSJ, 1/9/97, p.A8)
1931 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"Horse’s Skull With White Rose."
(SFC, 7/16/97, p.E3)
1931 Diego Rivera, Mexican
muralist, arrived in SF. He painted "Allegory of California" for the
Pacific Stock Exchange.
(SFEC, 5/18/97, SF p.2)(SFC, 8/30/03, p.D10)
1932 Toshio Asaeda made his
watercolors of Galapagos fishes.
(NH, 5/97, p.12)
1932 Alexander Calder (1898-1976)
made his "Half-Circle, Quarter-Circle and Sphere."
(SFC,11/15/97, p.C6)
1932 Isaac Friedlander made his
wood engraving "The Accordion Player."
(SFC, 2/5/97, p.E1)
1932 Alberto Giacometti made his
sculpture "Femme Egorgee," (Woman With Her Throat Cut).
(SFEC, 9/14/97, BR p.10)
1932 Arshile Gorky created his
"Nightmare, Enigma and Nostalgia" series.
(SFEM, 6/29/97, p.4)
1932 Edward Hopper painted his
"Room in New York."
(SFEC, 5/11/97, BR p.1)
1932 Lois Mailou Jones, Harlem
Renaissance artist, painted "The Ascent of Ethiopia."
(SFEM, 2/1/98, p.18)
1932 Georgia O’Keeffe painted
"Jimson Weed."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T5)
1932 Han van Meegeren sold his
Vermeer forgery “Lady and Gentleman at the Spinnet” for 40 thousand
guilders. In 2007 this would represent about $225,000.
(ON, 12/07, p.10)
1932 Picasso painted "The Mirror."
In 1989 it sold for $26.4 mil. and in 1995 for $20 mil. He also painted
"Bather With a Beach Ball" now at New York’s MOMA. His work "The Dream"
sold for $48.4 mil in 1997.
(WSJ, 11/21/95, p.A-12)(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(WSJ,
11/25/97, p.A20)
1933 Sargent Johnson (1888-1967),
a successful African-American artist in SF, made his sculpture "Forever
Free."
(SFEC, 2/8/98, DB p.31)(SFEM, 3/22/98, p.8)
1933 Marc Chagall (1887-1985)
painted "Nude Above Vitebsk."
(SFC, 7/26/03, p.D1)
1933 David Park painted
"Violinists."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)
1933 Eugene Marioton (b.1854/57),
French sculptor, died. Some sources date his death to 1925. Some 400
bronzes are attributed to him, including one titled “Diogenes” (c.1885).
(SFC, 10/29/08,
p.G2)(http://bullrichgaonawernicke.com/R64/pag64-escultura.htm)
1933 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted his botanical "Gypsophilia."
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C4)
1933 Cao Yu (1910-1996), Chinese
realist playwright, published his first play "Thunderstorm." In 1935 he
wrote "Sunrise."
(SFEC, 12/15/96, p.C16)
1934 Apr 11, Richard A. Garland,
artist, photographer, was born.
(MC, 4/11/02)
1934 Salvadore Dali painted "The
Persistence of Memory." It attracted worldwide attention that led to
his first one man show in New York. [2nd source says 1931]
(SFEM, 1/25/98, p.30)(WSJ, 1/25/99, p.A16)
1934 Jerry Siegal and artist Jose
Shuster created "Superman," the Man of Steel, in Cleveland, Ohio.
(SFC, 6/2/96, p.T-11)
1935 Feb 8, Max Liebermann
(b.1847), German impressionist painter, graphic artist, died in Berlin.
He was associated with several artists’ organizations including the
Berlin Secession.
(www.xs4all.nl/~androom/index.htm?biography/p011740.htm)
1935 May 15, Kasimir Malevich
(b.1878), Ukraine-born Cubist painter, died. He was a leader of the
Suprematist movement in Russian painting. He pioneered the use of
abstract geometrical elements and limited colors to demonstrate the
supremacy of expressing feelings.
(WSJ, 6/21/99,
p.B14)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazimir_Malevich)
1935 Jul 24, Mel Ramos, pop
artist, was born in Sacramento, Ca.
(www.rogallery.com/ramos_mel/ramos_biography.htm)
1935 A new marble frieze at the
Supreme Court included an image of Mohammed. In 1997 a Muslim group
complained because Islamic tradition forbids images of the prophet.
(WSJ, 3/13/97, p.A1)
1935 Sargent Johnson (1888-1967),
African-American artist in SF, made his sculpture "Negro Woman."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1935 Matisse painted "The Dream."
(WSJ, 10/22/98, p.A20)
1935 Piet Mondrian made his
abstract "Composition No. 3. White-Yellow." It was first painted in
Paris and then repainted in New York City in 1942.
(SFC, 6/5/98, p.A17)
1935 Picasso made his etching
"Minotauromachie."
(WSJ, 9/13/96, p.A8)
1935 A.G. Rizzoli created his work
"Mrs. Geo. Powleson Symbolically Portrayed."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1935 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted a portrait of his 2nd wife "Nude (Patricia Preece)."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B5)(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)
1935 Gaston Lachaise (b.1882),
Franco-American sculptor, died. He was a modernist and obsessed with
his wife, who inspired much of his work.
(SFC, 2/2/02, p.D1)
1936 Mar 1, Giulio Bargellini
(b.1869), Italian artist, died in Rome.
(www.comune.calenzano.fi.it/redaz/web/I/3B0241D3.htm)
1936 Mar 13, William Alexander
Coulter (b.1849), Irish-born maritime artist, died, in Ca.
(SFC, 7/4/05,
p.B1)(www.edanhughes.com/biography.cfm?ArtistID=145)
1936 May 12, Frank Stella,
painter, was born in Massachusetts.
(HN, 5/12/01)(SFC, 6/17/04, p.E5)
1936 Aug 12, Hans Haacke, artist
(Right to Life, Dripper Boxes), was born in Cologne, Germany.
(SC, 8/12/02)
1936 Aaron Douglas, a Harlem
Renaissance painter, created his work "Into Bondage."
(SFC, 1/16/98, p.D1)
1936 Helen Lundeberg painted
"Plant and Animal Analogies" done in the Dada-Surrealist style.
(SFE Mag., 2/12/95, p. 8)
1936 Georgia O’Keeffe painted "Red
Hills with Pedernal" and ""Gerald’s Tree I."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T5,7)
1936 Ben Shahn painted his gouache
"East Side Soap Box."
(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)
1936 Raphael Soyer painted "Office
Girls."
(WSJ, 4/9/98, p.A21)
1936 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted "Self-Portrait With Patricia Preece."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B5)
1936 The first comprehensive
catalogue of Cezanne’s work was published in Paris by Italian scholar
Lionello Venturi.
(WSJ, 2/10/96, p.A16)
1936 Dorothy Lange took her photo
"Migrant Mother" for the Farm Security Administration. The shot
featured Florence Thompson (d.1983) of Modesto with her 3 daughters. In
Sep, 1998 the photo was used on a postal stamp as 1 of 15 honoring the
1930s.
(SFC, 10/6/98, p.B10)
1936 "New Directions in Prose
& Poetry" was published by James Laughlin (d.1997 at 83). It was an
anthology of experimental writing and the first work from the New
Directions publishing house.
(SFC,11/15/97, p.A21)
1936 Eugene O’Neill wrote his play
"A Touch of the Poet." He later wrote: "The Iceman Cometh," "Moon for
the Misbegotten," and "Long Day’s Journey Into Night."
(WSJ, 5/22/96, p.A-18)
1998 George Orwell wrote the novel
"Keep the Aspidistra Flying." The 1998 film A Merry War was based on
the novel.
(SFC, 9/18/98, p.C10)
1936 An edited version of the
diary of Nijinsky (1889-1950) was published by his wife, Romola. The
dancer went mad at age 29 and began his diary. In 1998 complete
versions were published.
(WSJ, 9/21/98, p.A26)
1936 Dawn Powell wrote her novel
"Turn, Magic Wheel."
(WSJ, 10/19/98, p.A24)
1936 Terence Rattigan (1911-1977)
wrote his play "French Without Tears."
(SFC, 6/23/97, p.E3)
1936 John Maynard Keynes published
"The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money." It taught that
the classic model of Adam Smith was a special case and only applied in
times of full employment. At other times he asserted that the economy
needed a large and activist government to steer it on the road of full
employment. His theories played a part in Roosevelt's New Deal which
helped revive the US economy.
(WSJ, 10/9/97, p.A18)(WSJ, 1/11/99, p.R20)
1936 Life Magazine began
publishing.
(SFC, 2/17/98, p.B8)
1936 Phyllis Pearsall printed
10,000 copies of her "A to Z Maps of London." She had walked more than
3,000 miles of roads throughout the city to compile the maps which were
a great success.
(SFC, 8/31/96, p.A23)
1936 Walter D. Edmonds (d.1998 at
94) published his novel "Drums Along the Mohawk." It was made into a
film in 1939.
(SFC, 1/29/98, p.B2)
1936 Halldor Laxness, Iceland
novelist, published "Salka Valka".
(SFC, 2/11/98, p.A24)
1936 Margaret Mitchell published
"Gone with the Wind." She wrote the work from a house on Peachtree St.
in Atlanta where she lived from 1925-1932.
(TMC, 1994, p.1936)(SFC, 7/10/96, p.A4)
1936 Kate O’Brian published her
novel "Talk of Angels." It was set in 1922 Spain and was banned in
Ireland due to a sympathetic lesbian character and an adulterous
romance. A film based on the book was set to open in 1997. O’Brian
authored 11 books between 1931 and 1963.
(SFEC, 8/10/97, BR p.10)
1936 John Steinbeck published his
novel "In Dubious Battle."
(SFEC, 6/21/98, p.D6)
1936 The New York Drama Critics’
Circle began to pick the year’s best play from those put on anywhere in
New York City. The choice in this year was "Winterset" by Maxwell
Anderson.
(WSJ, 5/13/96, p. A-16)
1936 George S. Kaufman and Edna
Ferber co-wrote the Broadway comedy "Stage Door." Kaufman and Moss Hart
co-wrote the family-farce "You Can’t Take It With You." Kaufman also
helped out, uncredited on Claire Booth’s catty, all gal "The Women."
(WSJ, 2/9/96, p.A-10)
1936 "Ten Million Ghosts" by
Sidney Kingsley starred Orson Welles on Broadway.
(SFC, 12/25/96, p.A22)
1936 The opera "Lady Macbeth of
Mtsensk" by Shostokovich was banned by Soviet authorities. Pravda
called it "muddle instead of music."
(WSJ, 1/24/96, p.A-12)(WSJ, 4/30/96, p.A-12)
1936 Antony Tudor (d.1987)
choreographed the ballet "Jardin aux lilas."
(SFC, 9/22/96, DB p.31)
1936 Hennie Youngman, comedian,
began appearing on the Kate Smith radio show.
(SFEM, 1/25/98, p.67)
1936 Richard Strauss composed a
stately hymn for the Olympics in Berlin.
(WSJ, 4/30/96, p.A-12)
1936 Webern composed his
"Variations for Piano."
(WSJ, 6/16/98, p.A17)
1936 Basie’s small group recorded
"Lady Be Good."
(SFC, 8/22/96, F4)
1936 Bing Crosby recorded "I Got
Plenty o’ Nuthin" and "It Ain’t Necessarily So" from "Porgy and Bess"
on the Decca label.
(SFEM, 5/11/97, p.30)
1936 Marion Sumner (d.1997 at 77),
mountain fiddler, made his radio debut at station WCPO in Cincinnati
playing with the Haley Brothers.
(SFC, 8/21/97, p.C4)
1936 The Palestine Orchestra was
formed. It grew to become the Israeli Philharmonic.
(SFC, 1/8/98, p.E1)
1937 May 25, Henry O. Tanner,
artist, died.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1937 Jul 9, David Hockney,
painter, was born in Bradford, England. He moved to LA in 1978.
(HN, 7/9/01)(SFC, 8/18/01, p.B3)
1937 John Steuart Curry, American
painter, began his work "Wisconsin Landscape," and completed it in 1938.
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1937 William Gropper painted "The
Hunt." He used a setting by Breughel to depict a white posse’s pursuit
of a black mother and child.
(SFC, 2/5/97, p.E3)
1937 Rene Magritte painted "Not to
be Reproduced."
(SFC, 8/14/97, p.E4)
1937 Henri Matisse created his
painting “L’Odalisque, Harmonie Bleue.” In 2007 it was auctioned by
Christie’s in NYC for a record $33.6 million.
(SFC, 11/8/07, p.E3)
c1937 The painting "Dangers of the
Mail" was created by Frank Albert Mechau of Colorado for the display in
the Ariel Rios building of the Federal Triangle complex. The painting
depicted the slaughter of Western settlers by native Indians and was
later claimed as racist.
(SFC, 12/4/00, p.A3)
1937 Edvin Ohrstrom (1906-1994),
artist and sculptor, and 2 others developed the Ariel technique at
Orrefors in Orrefors, Sweden. This technique created a design by
trapping air bubbles between two layers of glass. In 1990 Orrefors
merged with Kosta Boda AB, which in turn became part of the New Wave
Group in 2005.
(SFC, 11/19/08, p.G6)
1937 Pablo Picasso painted the
black-and-white "Guernica" mural for the 1937 International Exposition
in Paris. The Republican government commissioned the mural painting as
part of the Spanish pavilion at the 1937 World’s Fair in Paris. Picasso
managed to complete the huge work (11.5 by 25.5 feet) in just over
three weeks, with the assistance of Dora Maar. Picasso never returned
to his native Spain (he had last been there in 1934). Before his death
in 1973, he directed that "Guernica" not be returned to Spain until the
restoration of democracy there. Francisco Franco, leader of the
Nationalist forces that overthrew the Republican government in the
Spanish Civil War, remained the head of the Spanish government until
1973, dying in 1975. Economic initiatives and other reforms begun in
the 1960s helped transform Spain into a democratic constitutional
monarchy in the three years following his death. The painting
"Guernica" was returned from New York City in 1981 and is now on
exhibit, along with other 19th and 20th century works, at the Buen
Retiro Palace in Madrid.
(SFC, 4/26/00, p.C5)(HNQ, 7/18/01)
1937 Picasso painted his "Weeping
Woman With Handkerchief."
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.E8)
1937 Walter Gay (b.1856), American
painter, died. He painted jewel-box-like interior scenes of French
homes.
(WSJ, 3/26/03, p.D8)
1938 Jun 15, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
(b.1880), German Expressionist painter, died by his own hand.
(http://www.the-artists.org)
1938 Thomas Hart Benton painted
"Susanna and the Elders."
(SFEM, 5/4/97, p.6)
1938 Brancusi, sculptor, had three
of his greatest works inaugurated in the Tirgu Jiu Park, Romania.
(TL, 1988, p.111)
1938 John Steuart Curry, American
artist, painted "Parade to War."
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.E1)
1938 Frida Kahlo painted "What the
Water Showed Me."
(SFEC, 9/28/97, BR p.5)
1938 Lois Mailou Jones (d.1998 at
92), American artist and teacher, painted her "Les Fetiches," an image
of 5 African masks.
(SFC, 6/13/98, p.A21)
1938 Juan Miro, Spanish painter,
completed a set of 8 etchings titled the "Black and Red Series."
(SFEC, 1/10/99, p.T3)
1938 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted "Cookham, Flowers in a Window."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B5)
1939 Jul 20, Judy Chicago, artist,
was born.
(HN, 7/20/01)
1939 Jul 20, Joseph Mendes da
Costa, sculptor, died.
(MC, 7/20/02)
1939 Aug 13, Saul Steinberg,
American artist (The Art of Living, New Yorker Magazine), was born in
Romania.
(MC, 8/13/02)
1939 In France Pierre Bonnard
painted "The Garden."
(WSJ, 6/24/98, p.A16)
1939 Edward Hopper painted his
"New York Movie."
(WSJ, 6/28/95, p.A-16)
1939 Sargent Johnson (1888-1967),
African-American artist in SF, made his glazed ceramic "Hippopotamus."
(SFEC, 4/12/98, DB p.43)
1939 Picasso painted "The Yellow
Sweater." It later became the trademark of the Berggruen collection. He
also painted "Night Fishing at Antibes."
(WSJ, 9/13/96, p.A8)(SFC, 10/10/98, p.E8)
1939 Ben Shahn painted his "Myself
Among the Churchgoers."
(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)
1939 Chaim Soutine painted "Return
From School After the Storm."
(WSJ, 5/14/98, p.A20)
1939 Hale Woodruff painted a mural
on the 1839 Amistad mutiny.
(SFEM, 3/8/98, p.8)
1939 The Salon des Realites
Nouvelles was held in France and featured abstract painters.
(Calg. Glen., 1996)
1940 Jun 29, Paul Klee (b.1879),
Swiss-German painter, tutor (Modern Art), died in Switzerland. In 2005
the Klee Center, designed by Renzo Piano, opened in Bern.
(www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/klee/)(Econ, 7/23/05,
p.79)
1941 Feb 6, Maximilien Luce
(b.1858), French anarchist and Neo-Impressionist painter, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilien_Luce)
1941 Mar 6, John Gutzon de la
Mothe Borglum (73), sculptor (Mount Rushmore), died.
(MC, 3/6/02)
1941 Mar 17, The National Gallery
of Art opened in Washington, DC.
(AP, 3/17/98)(HN, 3/17/98)
1941 Georges Braque, master of
color, painted "Mandolin and Score."
(WSJ, 3/3/97, p.A16)
1941 Juan Miro created his
painting “Ciphers and Constellations in Love With a Woman.”
(SSFC, 12/19/04, p.E1)
1941 Piet Mondrian moved to the US
and painted "New York City I" in rhythmic and cheerful color and lines.
(WSJ, 6/6/95, p.A-14)
1941 Pablo Picasso painted "Woman
Seated in an Armchair," "Head of a Woman" and "Still Life with Blood
Sausage."
(SFEC, 9/20/98, DB p.39)(SFC, 10/10/98, p.E8)
1942 Feb 12, Painter Grant Wood
(b.1892), creator of "American Gothic" (1930), died in Iowa City, Iowa,
a day before his 51st birthday.
(AP, 2/12/02)
1942 Henri Matisse created his
painting “Danseuse dans le fauteuil.” It sold for $22 million at a
Sotheby’s auction in 2007.
(SFC, 11/8/07, p.E3)
1942 Maxfield Parrish painted “The
Study for the River at Ascutney.” It was stolen in 1984 and turned up
un 2004 valued at around $50,000.
(SFC, 9/9/04, p.A1)
1943 May 29, Norman Rockwell’s
portrait of "Rosie the Riveter" appeared on the cover of "The Saturday
Evening Post." Rockwell’s model was Mary Keefe (19) of Arlington,
Vermont. In 2002 the painting sold at auction for $4,959,500.
(AP, 5/29/97)(AH, 10/02, p.10)
1943 Aug 9, Chaim Soutine
(b.1893), Jewish expressionist painter, died in Paris of a perforated
ulcer.
(WSJ, 5/14/98,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaim_Soutine)
1943 Jackson Pollock (1912-1956)
created his 500-pound work titled “Mural,” a canvas nearly 8x20 feet.
It marked a transition from his modestly sized easel paintings to his
drip paintings.
(WSJ, 7/30/08, p.D7)
1943 Gustav Vigeland (b.1869),
Norwegian sculptor, died. His major life's work was the creation of 212
sculptures of 600 figures in an Oslo park named Vigeland Park.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1944 Jan 23, Edvard Munch
(b.1863), Norwegian painter and hopeless alcoholic, died. His work
included “Kiss by the Window” (1892), “The Scream” (1893) and “Self
Portrait With Cigarette” (1895). He had a breakdown in 1908 and
retreated to Ekely, where he painted for his remaining years. He left
behind a collection 1,008 paintings at his estate outside Oslo. In 2005
Sue Prideaux authored “Edvard Munch: Behind the Scream.”
(WSJ, 4/16/02, p.D7)(SSFC, 12/18/05, p.M2)(Sm, 3/06,
p.60)(WSJ, 2/25/09, p.D7)
1944 Dec 2, Filippo Tommaso Emilio
Marinetti (b.1876), Italian ideologue, poet, and editor, died in
Bellagio, Italy. He was main founder of the Futurist movement [see
1909]. In 2006 Gunter Berghaus edited “Critical Writings by F.T.
Marinetti,” translated by Doug Thompson.
(http://tinyurl.com/y7v7f3)(SFC, 10/24/06, p.E2)
1944 Odd Nerdrum, Norwegian
figurative artist, was born. He made haunting oils of eerily
incandescent nudes.
(WSJ, 3/19/97, p.A16)(www.oddnerdrum.com)
1945 May 29, Dutch police arrested
and imprisoned Hans van Meegeren (1889-1947) for collaborating with the
enemy. His name had been traced to a sale made during the second world
war of what was then believed to be an authentic Vermeer to Nazi
Field-Marshal Hermann Goering. On July 12, in order to prove his
innocence, Meegeren revealed that he had forged the painting.
(WSJ, 10/14/06, p.P10)(ON, 12/07, p.12)
1945 Dec 5, Petras Kalpokas
(b.1880), Lithuanian painter, died in Kaunas.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petras_Kalpokas)
1946 Jan 28, Helene Schjerfbeck
(b.1862), Finnish painter, died. Her work included a 5 painting series
of self-portraits that represented herself at various ages.
(Econ, 11/24/07,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck)
1945-1946 Picasso painted his purposely unfinished
"Charnel House."
(SFC, 10/10/98,
p.E8)(www.abcgallery.com/P/picasso/picasso45.html)
1946 Jul 6, Jamie Wyeth, artist
(An American Vision-Boston), was born in Pennsylvania.
(MC, 7/6/02)
1946 Pablo Picasso began designing
pottery in Vallauris, France. The area had been a pottery center since
Roman times.
(SFC, 12/10/08, p.G4)
1946 Elie Nadelman (b.1882),
Polish-born sculptor, died. He moved to Paris in 1904 and to the US in
1914 with the support of Helena Rubenstein. His work included "The
Dancer" (1920-1924).
(WSJ, 5/15/03, p.D8)
1947 Jun 8, Selden Gile (b.1877),
SF Bay Area plein-air painter, died. He was one of the Society of Six,
who took their cue from the post-Impressionist painters they saw at the
1915 Panama Pacific Int’l. Exposition.
(SFC, 5/4/09,
p.E3)(http://lawrencebeebe.com/seldengilebiography.html)
1947 Nov 12, Hans van Meegeren
(1889-12947), Dutch painter and forger, was tried for forgery and
convicted of “obtaining money by deception” and “appending false names
and signatures with the intent to deceive.” He was given the minimum
sentence of one year and then the court petitioned Queen Wilhelmina
that he be pardoned, but he died 6 weeks later.
(ON, 12/07, p.12)
1947 Dec 29, Hans van Meegeren
(b.1889), Dutch painter and forger, died. In 2006 Frank Wynne authored
“I Was Vermeer.”
(WSJ, 10/14/06,
p.P10)(http://denisdutton.com/van_meegeren.htm)
1948 Jun 3, Korczak Ziolkowski
(1908-1982), a self-taught sculptor, began blasting a figure of Crazy
Horse into rock in the Black Hills of South Dakota under an invitation
by the Lakota Sioux. Ziolkowski had worked under Gutzon Borglum at the
Mount Rushmore site. The face of Crazy Horse, at the site known as
Thunder Mountain, was completed and dedicated in 1998.
(SSFC, 7/28/02, Par p.11)(SSFC, 9/9/07, p.C4)
1948 Jul 21, Arshile Gorky
(b.1904/5), artist, (born as Vostanig Adoian of Armenian parents in
Eastern Turkey) died of suicide. He came to the US in 1920 and assumed
a new name in admiration of Russian writer Maxim Gorky. His works
included "Gray Drawing for Pastoral" (1946). His last paintings were
described as "imaginary erotic cosmologies." In 1999 Matthew Spender
published the biography "From a High Place: A Life of Arshile Gorky."
(WSJ, 1/28/04,
p.D6)(www.legacy-project.org/artists/display.html?ID=5)
1949 Willem de Kooning (1904-1997)
painted the abstract image "Two Standing Women." In 1997 it sold for
4.1 million. He also painted "Attic" in this year and “Sail Cloth,”
which later sold for $13.1 mil. His abstract painting “Woman” done this
year, sold in 1997 for $15.6 mil.
(WSJ, 11/21/96,
p.A8)(http://tinyurl.com/5rs5ct)(WSJ, 7/22/08,
p.D8)(http://tinyurl.com/5woaq9)
1949 Henry Salem Hubbell (b.1870),
artist and member of the Giverny Circle of American Impressionists,
died in Florida. His paintings included “The Samovar” 1906-1907.
(http://home.earthlink.net/~curator3805/)
1949 Bill Traylor (b.1854),
self-taught artist and laborer by trade, died. He gained recognition
for his primitive drawings in the 1930s.
(WSJ, 7/28/05, p.D8)
1949-1950 David Park painted his classic "Rehearsal."
(SFC, 10/22/98, p.E6)
1950 Dec 27, Max Beckmann
(b.1884), German painter, died in New York. The Nazis had branded him a
degenerate artist in 1937 and he moved to the US in 1946. His work
included the triptychs Departure (1932-1935) and Beginning (1946-1949),
and the Self-Portrait in Tails (1937). He was a figurative painter in
an age of abstraction.
(SSFC, 1/27/02, p.C7)(WSJ, 7/16/03, p.D8)(WSJ,
9/17/05, p.P20)
1951 William Edmondson (b.1874),
self-taught artist and laborer by trade, died. He gained recognition
for his limestone sculptures in the 1930s.
(WSJ, 7/28/05, p.D8)
1952 Nov 26, Helen Frankenthaler
(b.1928), New York artist, created her painting “Mountains and Sea.” It
was later recognized as her arrival as a major artist and a work that
changed the course of abstract art.
(WSJ, 11/8/08, p.W11)
1952 Eduardo Paolozzi (1924-2005),
sculptor and printmaker, helped form an association of British artists
called The Independent Group. They included Richard Hamilton, William
Turnbull and Peter Blake. Paolozzi, born in Scotland of Italian
parents, became known as a key contributor to British pop art.
(SSFC, 5/1/05, p.A23)
1953 Mar 23, Raoul Dufy, French
fauve painter, died.
(WSJ, 5/4/99, p.A20)(MC, 3/23/02)
1953 May 31, V.I. Tatlin (b.1885),
Ukrainian-born painter and sculptor, died in Moscow.
(www.artnet.com/library/08/0834/T083448.asp)
1953 W. de Kooning (1904-1997)
completed his "Woman V" painting. In 1974 it was acquired by the
Austria National Gallery for $850,000.
(http://tinyurl.com/3rr4bw)
1954 Nov 3, Henri E.B. Matisse
(b.1869), French painter and sculptor (Dance II), died. In 1998 Hilary
Spurling published "The Unknown Matisse," a work that covered the years
1869-1908. A end volume was planned. In 1999 John Russell published
"Matisse: Father and Son" and John O'Brian published "Ruthless
Hedonism: The American Reception of Matisse." In 2005 Hilary Spurling
authored “Matisse the Master: A Life of Henry Matisse, Volume Two.
(WSJ, 7/5/96, p.A5)(WSJ, 10/27/98, p.A20)(SFEC,
8/8/99, BR p.6)(Econ, 3/12/05, p.79)
1954 Areogun (b.1880), Yoruba
sculptor, died. He was a native of the Ekiti region of Nigeria.
(www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/11/sfg/ht11sfg.htm)
1954 Frida Kahlo (47), artist,
died in Mexico City. Her final painting was an incomplete portrait of
Joseph Stalin. Hayden Herrera authored her biography in 1983. Raquel
Tibol later authored "Frido Kahlo: An Open Life."
(Hem., 1/96, p.50)(SFC, 4/22/01, p.D3)(WSJ, 7/6/01,
p.W11)
1955 May 18, Edwin Scharff (68),
German painter, sculptor (Rossebändiger), died.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1956 Jan 13, Lyonel Feininger
(b.1871), American-German painter, died. His work included the woodcut
"Kreuzende Segelschiffe" (1919) and the pen and ink wash "Three Ghosts"
(1953). A catalog of his prints was made by Leona Prasse (1897-1984),
late curator of prints at the Cleveland Museum of Art. Feininger
published comics for the Chicago Tribune from 1906-1907.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonel_Feininger)(HT,
5/97, p.60)(WSJ, 1/10/07, p.D10)
1956 Apr 13, Emil Nolde (b.1867 as
Emil Hansen), German Expressionist painter, died. He was a member of
the artist group Die Brucke.
(Econ, 10/11/08,
p.116)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Nolde)
1956 Aug 11, Abstract artist
Jackson Pollock (b.1912) died at age 44 in an automobile accident in
East Hampton, N.Y. He was born in Wyoming and became a leader of the
abstract expressionist school of art.
(AHD, 1971, p.1015)(AP, 8/11/97)
1958 H.C. Westermann (1922-1981),
sculptor, created "Memorial to the Idea of Man if He Was an Idea." His
work was laced with dark humor.
(WSJ, 4/18/02, p.D7)
1958 John Diebenkorn, California
figurative painter, made his " Woman and Mirror."
(SFEC, 3/16/97, DB p.33)
1958 Jasper Johns had his debut
show at the Castelli Gallery in New York and became an overnight
success. This year he painted his work "Tennyson."
(WSJ, 10/17/96, p.A20)
1958 Georgia O'Keeffe created her
oil on canvas painting "Ladder to the Moon."
(SFEC, 8/10/97, p.T7)(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.C8)
1958 David Park, American artist,
painted: "Man in a T-Shirt" and "Untitled".
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)(SFC, 8/23/97, p.A20)
1958 Picasso made his sketch
"Femme Nue Assise."
(SFC, 7/5/96, DB, p.36)
1958 Stanley Spencer, English
artist, painted "The Crucifixion."
(SFC, 10/14/97, p.B1)(SFC, 6/5/98, p.C1)
1958-1966 Jay DeFeo (d.1989), SF artist, created her
massive painting "The Rose." She was married to artist Wally Hedrick.
(SFEC, 8/25/96, BR p.39)(SSFC, 1/25/04, p.E5)
1959 Aug 19, Jacob Epstein (78),
US-English sculptor, painter, died.
(MC, 8/19/02)
1959 Attorney Thomas Blanchard
(d.2000 at 88) convinced Avery Brundage, a Chicago millionaire, to
donate his 6,000 piece Asian art collection to an Asian Art Museum in
SF. Marjorie Bissinger (d.2003) helped in the process.
(SFC, 4/22/00, p.A19)(SFC, 1/10/03, p.A25)
1960 Sep 20, David Park (b.1911),
a SF Bay Area figurative painter, died at 49. His work included: "Man
in a T-Shirt" and "Untitled" (1958), "Torso" (1959). He made the
1st serious break with Abstract Expressionism in his 1950
painting "Kids of Bikes."
(SFEC, 12/1/96, DB p.21)(SFC, 8/23/97, p.A20)(SFEM,
9/21/97, p.31)(WSJ, 12/3/01, p.A17)
1961 Mar 13, Pablo Picasso (79)
married his model Jacqueline Rocque (37).
(MC, 3/13/02)
1961 Oct 31, Augustus Edwin John
(b.1878), Welsh painter, draughtsman, and etcher, died. For a short
time around 1910, he was an important exponent of Post-Impressionism in
England. In 1974 Michael Holroyd authored the biography: “Augustus
John.”
(WSJ, 1/21/07, p.P9)
1962 May 13, Franz Kline (b.1910),
American painter of abstract expressionist style, died of a heart
attack in NYC. He was known for dramatic, easy-to-recognize pictures of
big black slashes against snowy backgrounds. His early work was
as a cartoonist and bar decorator. His portraits sketches of patrons
still line the walls of the Minetta Tavern in Greenwich Village, N.Y.
Kline’s hot brush stroke was parodied in Roy Lichtenstein’s pixilated
"Brushstroke" series, where RL provided a cool version of Kline’s hot
stroke.
(WSJ, 12/16/94,
A-12)(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_77.html)
1962 The 1st edition of “History
of Art” by H.W. Janson was published.
(WSJ, 3/11/05, p.W7)
1962 Morris Louis (b.1912),
artist, died.
(SFC, 7/31/01, p.B5)
1963 Feb 7, The "Mona Lisa" was
unveiled at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
(HN, 2/7/99)
1963 Mar 20, The 1st "Pop Art"
exhibition was held in NYC.
(MC, 3/20/02)
1963 Aug 31, George F. Braque
(81), cubist painter, died in Paris.
(MC, 8/31/01)
1963 Martin Ramirez (b.1895),
institutionalized Mexican-born artist, died in DeWitt State Hospital in
Auburn, Ca. He had been institutionalized since 1931 after being
diagnosed with catatonic schizophrenia. His last 15 years were spent at
DeWitt, where much of his art was created.
(SFC, 7/14/07, p.E10)(Econ, 11/8/08, p.104)
1964 Jun 18, Georgio Morandi
(b.1890), reclusive Italian painter, died in Bologna.
(WSJ, 11/11/08,
p.D7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Morandi)
1964 Francis Harvey Cutting
(b.1872), California artist, died.
(SSFC, 4/18/04, p.J5)
1964 Jean Fautrier (b.1898),
French modernist, died. He was considered a precursor to the American
Abstract Expressionists.
(WSJ, 12/11/02, p.D8)
1964 Leon Shulman Gaspard
(b.1882), Russian-born American artist, died in Taos, New Mexico. His
work included “The Finish of the Kermesse.”
(WSJ, 12/1/07,
p.W3)(www.askart.com/AskART/artists/biography.aspx?artist=5968)
1965 May 23, David Smith (b.1906),
American sculptor, died in Albany NY. His farm in upstate New York was
named the Terminal Iron Works. His work included "Circle and Box," "XI
Books, III Apples," "Lunar Arc," "Becca" and "Rebecca Circle."
(www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_146B.html)
1965 Salvador Dali donated a
sketch depicting Jesus Christ to the prison at Riker's Island, NYC, in
lieu of a planned visit. On Mar 1, 2003, 4 prison officials staged a
fake fire drill, stole the sketch and replaced it with a fake. The
guards were caught by June and claimed the original was destroyed.
(SFC, 10/6/03, p.A2)
1965 Jay DeFeo’s painting "The
Rose" weighed a ton and was moved out of a house and later to the SF
Art Institute where it languished for 26 years.
(SFEC, 10/13/96, DB p.8)
1965 Sedona, Arizona, artists Joe
Beeler, Charlie Dye, John Hampton and George Phippen founded The Cowboy
Artists of America at the local Cowboy Club, which was then called the
Oak Creek Tavern.
(SSFC, 2/8/04, p.C6)
1965 Werner Tubke, German artist,
created his painting “Reminiscences of Schulze, JD III.”
(WSJ, 2/10/09, p.D7)
1966 May 14, Ludwig Meidner
(b.1884), German expressionist artist, died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Meidner)
1966 Hans Hofmann (b.1880),
abstract artist, died. He was born and raised in Munich, Germany, and
lived in Paris from 1904-1914. He moved to the US in 1931. His work
included "Furioso," (1963).
(SFC, 7/31/01, p.B5)(WSJ, 1/15/04, p.D8)
1967 May 15, Edward Hopper
(b.1882), US painter (House by Railroad), died in NYC. He studied in
Paris but never painted in the abstract. He often used his wife, artist
Josephine Nivison (d.1968), as his model. He was the first artist to
paint the American scene as a desolate, vacant place. A biography of
Mr. Hopper and his 44 years with Josephine was published in 1995 by
Gail Levin titled “Edward Hopper.” In 1998 the Whitney Museum
published: "Edward Hopper: A Journal of His Work."
(www.fact-index.com)(WSJ, 10/4/95, p.A-12)(SFEC,
3/15/98, BR p.7)(HN, 7/22/02)
1967 Oct 10, Sargent Johnson
(b.1888), Boston-born and SF-based African-American painter and
sculptor, died.
(SFC, 5/4/09,
p.E3)(http://www.aaregistry.com/detail.php?id=1195)
1967 David Burliuk, Russian
artist, died. His work included "A Cup of Sake" (1921), which fetched
$60,375 for the IRS in a 2003 auction.
(SSFC, 2/2/03, Par p.A19)
1968 Jan 29, Leonard Tsuguharu
Foujita (b.1886), painter and engraver born in Tokyo, Japan, died in
Zurich, Switz. He applied French oil techniques to Japanese-style
paintings. In 2006 Phyllis Birnbaum authored “Glory in a Line: A Life
of Foujita – The Artist Caught Between East and West.”
(SSFC, 11/26/06,
p.M1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsuguharu_Foujita)
1968 Oct 2, Marcel Duchamp
(b.1887), French painter, died. He was known best for his 1915 "Nude
Descending a Staircase."
(V.D.-H.K.p.361)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp)
1968 Architects Doug Michels
(1943-2003) and Chip Lord founded the Ant Farm in SF. In 1974 they
created "Cadillac Ranch," a sculpture of 10 planted Cadillacs, in
Amarillo, Texas. In 1975 they created the performance work "Media
Burn," in which Michels drove a Cadillac through a pyramid of burning
television sets. Ant Farm disbanded in 1978.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1969 Mar 14, Ben Shahn (1898),
Lithuanian-born American painter and photographer, died in NYC. Much of
his photography of done in New York’s Lower East Side and Greenwich
Village.
(WSJ, 12/1/98, p.A20)(WSJ, 2/1/00,
p.A24)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Shahn)
1969 Oct 18, The painting
"Nativity" by Caravaggio was stolen from the Oratory of San Lorenzo in
Palermo, Sicily. Peter Watson, English novelist, later wrote "The
Caravaggio Conspiracy," an account of his 1981-1982 attempt to recover
the work.
(www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2008/dec/22/caravaggio-art-mafia-italy)(WSJ,
12/11/96, p.A20)
1969 Fernando Botero (b.1932),
surrealist Colombian painter, created "The Butcher's Table," a pig's
head laughing at his own slaughter.
(WSJ, 3/17/00,
p.W12)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Botero)
1969 Artists Douglas Huebler
(1924-1997), Robert Barry (b.1936) and Lawrence Weiner (b.1942) held an
exhibition in NYC that was credited by a critic in 1971 as originating
the conceptual art movement. This was an emphasis on art as an idea
rather than an object in a reaction to the pop and op art of the 1960s.
(SFC, 7/15/97, p.A18)
1969 Dorothy Miller (d.2003)
retired as curator of the NYC Museum of Modern Art.
(SSFC, 7/13/03, p.A27)
1969 Robert Rauschenberg
(1925-2008) created his "Carnal Clock" series of collages.
(WSJ, 9/25/97,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Rauschenberg)
1969 Artist Sol LeWitt (1928-2007)
wrote his seminal article "Sentences on Conceptual Art" and stated that
"Ideas can be works of art."
(SFC, 1/29/98, p.C5)
1969 London artists Gilbert
Proesch and George Passmore wrote their four “Laws of Sculptors.” They
later became known simply as Gilbert and George.
(SFC, 2/16/08, p.E1)
1969 Clifford Irving (b.1930),
American writer, published "Fake," the story of Hungarian art forger
Elmyr de Hory (1906-1976). The int'l. de Hory scam became public in
1967. Irving and De Hory were featured in the 1975 Orson Welles film
"F" for Fake.
(SFC, 7/29/99,
p.E6)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_Irving)
1969 John Altoon (b.1925),
American painter, died of a heart attack at age 43. He painted in an
abstract expressionist style with later surrealist undercurrents. Hs
works included "Untitled" (1959), "Untitled (Harper Series)" (1964),
and "Untitled ANI-42" (1968).
{Artist, USA}
(SFC, 1/15/98,
p.E1,5)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Altoon)
1970 Feb 25, Mark Rothko (b.1903),
painter, committed suicide in NYC. He was born in Dvinsk, Russia, which
is now Daugavpils, Latvia, and his family moved to Portland, Ore., in
1913. His work moved to abstraction in the 1940s. The execution of his
will provoked a long drawn out court case. His daughter charged the
executors and the owner of Rothko’s gallery with conspiracy and
conflict of interest, and won. A 1998 show was accompanied by the book
"Mark Rothko" by Jeffrey Weiss with contributions by John Cage,
Carol-Mancusi-Ungaro, Barbara Novak, Brian O’Doherty, Mark Rosenthal
and Jessica Stewart.
(WSJ, 6/4/98, p.A16)(SFEC, 6/7/98, BR p.4)(AP,
11/11/03)(http://slate.msn.com/?id=2923)
1970 Jul 4, Barnett Newman
(b.1905), American artist of the abstract expressionist movement, died.
His "zips" consisted of fields of flat color punctuated by vertical
stripes.
(SFC,11/22/97, p.D5)(SFC, 3/30/02, p.D1)(NW,
4/22/02, p.66)
1970 Aug 16, Benny Bufano
(b.1898), California-based Italian-American sculptor, died. He was
known for his late-career bullet-shaped public sculptures.
(SFC, 12/8/00,
p.C1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benny_Bufano)
1970 Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997),
American pop artist, created his color lithograph, screen print: "Peace
Through Chemistry II."
(SFEC, 10/1/00, DB
p.42)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein)
1970 Frank Stella (b.1936),
American painter, created his abstract acrylic painting “Firuzabad.”
(SFC, 6/17/04, p.E1)
1971 Mar 13, Rockwell Kent
(b.1882), artist, illustrator and printmaker, died in New York. He was
a member of the rugged realist school of landscape painters. In the
1930s he created a set of illustrations for "Moby Dick." In 1960 he
donated 80 paintings and 800 watercolors to the people of the Soviet
Union.
(WSJ, 8/15/00, p.A24)(SFC, 8/25/01, p.D12)
1972 Vito Acconci (b.1940),
Brooklyn-based artist, created his work "Seed Bed," in which the artist
masturbated under the raised gallery floor.
(WSJ, 4/15/98,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vito_Acconci)
1972 Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
drew his chilling crayon self-portrait as a skull.
(SFC, 6/4/96, p.E5)(SFC, 7/14/96,
p.C11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picasso)
1972 Chen Yifei (b.1946), Shanghai
born artist, painted "Eulogy of the Yellow River," as China’s Yellow
River dried up for the 1st time in history before reaching the Yellow
Sea. From 1980 to 1996 he worked in the US and became known as the
Norman Rockwell of China.
(WSJ, 1/6/97, p.A10)(SFC, 3/4/02, p.A3)
1972 In Fort Worth, Texas, the
Kimbell Museum, designed by Louis Kahn, opened.
(WSJ, 12/17/02, p.D8)
1973 Mar 23, Yoko Ono was granted
permanent residence in US.
(SS, 3/23/02)
1973 Apr 8, Pablo Picasso
(b.1881), Spanish artist, died at his home near Mougins, France, at age
91. He left some 50,000 works that included 1,885 paintings, 1,228
sculptures, 2,880 ceramics, 18,095 engravings, 6,112 lithographs, 3,181
linocuts, 7,089 drawings plus 4,669 drawings and sketches in 149
notebooks, 11 tapestries and 8 rugs. Two books of a planned 4-volume
biography were published by John Richardson, who then interrupted the
series in 2000 with "The Sorcerer’s Apprentice: Picasso, Provence, and
Douglas Cooper." Picasso’s estate owed so much in death duties that
many of his works fell into government hands. In 2007 John Richardson
authored “A Life of Picasso: The Triumphant Years, 1917-1932.”
(AP, 4/8/97)(SFEC, 1/30/00, BR p.6)(SSFC, 5/20/01,
p.T8)(Econ, 11/17/07, p.99)
1973 May 26, Jacques Lipchitz
(b.1891), Lithuanian-born, French-US cubist sculptor, died on Capri and
was buried in Jerusalem.
(www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1B1-370321.html)
1973 Antonio Berni (1905-1981),
Argentine artist, made his mixed media piece "La Gallina Ciega," (The
Blind hen). In 1997 it sold for $607,500.
(SFC,11/26/97,
p.A9)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Berni)
1973 Salvador Dali (1904-1989),
Spanish artist, painted "Portrait of Alice Cooper's Brain."
(WSJ, 1/26/00,
p.A20)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD)
1973 Henry Darger (81), "outsider
artist" and janitor, died in Chicago. He created art to illustrate his
unpublished novel "The Story of the Vivian Girls, in What Is Known as
the Realms of the Unreal, of the Glandeco-Angellinian War Storm." In
2002 John MacGregor authored a 720-page study of Darger. In 2003
Jessica Wu premiered her documentary film on Darger, “In the Realms of
the Unreal,” at Sundance.
(SFC, 1/15/02, p.A14)(SFC, 12/18/04, p.E1)
1974 Jan 6, David Alfaro Siqueiros
(b.1896), Mexican artist (muralist), died. His work included the 1933
mural "Ejercicio Plastico" (Plastic Exercise), completed in Argentina
at the home of newspaper magnate Natalio Botana (d.1941). In 1994 the
650-square-foot work fell into a legal limbo.
(SFC, 2/13/99,
p.A24)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Alfaro_Siqueiros)
1974 May 20, Ian Fairweather
(b.1891), Scotland-born Australian artist, died. He lived for much of
his life as a recluse on Bribie Island, north of Brisbane. In Murray
Bail authored “Fairweather,” a biography with color reproductions. The
book was expanded in 2009.
(Econ, 4/18/09,
p.91)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Fairweather)
1974 Antonio Henrique Amaral of
Brazil painted his "Battlefield," a phalanx of menacing forks with
shreds of banana.
(WSJ, 3/17/00, p.W12)
1974 Joseph Beuys (1921-1986),
German artist, created his performance piece: "I like America, and
America likes Me," in which he lived with a coyote in a New York
gallery for 5 days.
(SFEC, 8/31/97, BR p.8)
1974 Jasper Johns painted his
"Corpse and Mirror." In 1997 it sold for $8.3 million.
(WSJ, 11/25/97, p.A20)
1974 Sol LeWitt (b.1928), pioneer
of the Conceptual Art Movement, created his "Incomplete Open Cube."
(WSJ, 2/28/00, p.A38)
1974 Architects Doug Michels
(1943-2003) and Chip Lord, founders of the Ant Farm in SF, created
"Cadillac Ranch," a sculpture of 10 planted Cadillacs, in Amarillo,
Texas.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1975 Jan 19, Thomas Hart Benton
(85), US artist, died in Kansas City, Missouri.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(painter))
1975 Feb 24, Hans Bellmer
(b.1902), German surrealist artist, died in Paris. He made paper-mache
female dolls and photographed them in skewed configurations.
(NW, 2/18/02,
p.70)(www.artnet.com/Magazine/reviews/oisteanu/oisteanu3-14-05.asp)
1975 Sep 13, Shiko Munakata
(b.1903), renowned Japanese artist and printmaker, died in Tokyo from
liver cancer.
(SFC, 8/8/02,
p.D9)(www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/397376/Munakata-Shiko)
1975 Sep 14, Rembrandt's
"Nightwatch" was slashed and damaged in Amsterdam.
(http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1248/is_n7_v86/ai_21113228)
1975 Sep 18, Fairfield Porter
(b.1907), American artist, died. Much of his work was done along the
Maine coastline.
(WSJ, 9/4/03,
p.D8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairfield_Porter)
1975 Architects Doug Michels
(1943-2003) and Chip Lord, founders of the Ant Farm in SF, created the
performance work "Media Burn," in which Michels drove a Cadillac
through a pyramid of burning television sets. Ant Farm disbanded in
1978.
(SSFC, 6/22/03, p.A1)
1976 Mar 3, Pierre Moliniere
(b.1900), French artist and photographer, shot himself to death rather
than face prostate surgery and a reduced sex life.
(WSJ, 11/22/96,
p.A14)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Molinier)
1976 Apr 1, Max Ernst (b.1891),
German-French surrealist painter, sculptor, died in Paris.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst)
1976 May 8, McKendree Robbins Long
(b.1888), Southern gothic painter and evangelical preacher, died in
North Carolina. His work included: "Apocalyptic Scene With Philosophers
and Historical Figures," and "The Fifth Angel Opens the Bottomless Pit."
(SFC, 7/6/02, p.D6)(www.tfaoi.com/aa/3aa/3aa457.htm)
1976 Nov 18, Man Ray (b.1890),
American Dada artist, died. He was born as Emmanuel Radnitsky in
Philadelphia and spent much of his time in France.
(WSJ, 12/2/96,
p.A16)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_Ray)
1976 Romare Bearden created the
monotype "Vampin (Piney Brown Blues)," with watercolor additions. A
monotype refers to a painting made on a nonabsorbent surface that is
transferred by a press onto a one time print.
(SFEC, 6/15/97, BR p.7)
1976 In California Bulgarian
artist Christo Javacheff created his artwork "Running Fence," a
24.5-mile-long white nylon fence/curtain draped across Marin and Sonoma
counties. The fence cost $3 million and lasted for 2 weeks.
(SFEC, 3/1/98, p.A16)(SFC, 3/13/99, p.A24)
1976 Claes Oldenburg (b.1929),
Swedish-born American artist, constructed a 41-foot "Trowel I"
for the Kroller-Muller Museum in the Netherlands by. He also made
"Typewriter Eraser."
(Smith., Aug. 1995, p.82)(SFC, 10/26/96, p.B1)
1976 A 45-foot-tall, giant steel
"Clothespin" was constructed at the Plaza of the City Hall of
Philadelphia by Claes Oldenburg. He made his graphic "Soft Screw in
Waterfall."
(Smith., Aug. 1995, p.83)(SFC, 9/1/97, p.E4)(SFEC,
10/5/97, BR p.4)
1976 Ernst Kitzinger (1912-2003),
a foremost historian of Byzantine, early Christian and early medieval
art, authored "Byzantine Art in the Making."
(SFC, 2/10/03, p.B4)
1977 Apr 29, Donald Evans
(b.1945), American artist, died in a fire in the Netherlands. His work
included the creation of postage stamp series for imaginary countries.
(WSJ, 2/5/03,
p.D10)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Evans_(artist))
1977 Jul 22, The Chinese painter,
Pan Yu-liang (b.1895), died in Paris. The 1997 biographical film "The
Painter" (La Peintre) was based on her biography by Shi Nan.
(SFC, 8/20/97,
p.A1)(www.chinadaily.com.cn/photo/2006-11/14/content_732470.htm)
1978 May 31, Hanna Hoch (b.1889),
German photomontage artist of the Berlin Dada movement, died. Her work
included "Cut With the Kitchen Knife Dada Through the Last Weimar
Beer-Belly Epoch of Germany," (1919-1920).
(SFC, 3/25/97, p.E3)(SSFC, 1/27/02,
p.C7)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah_H%C3%B6ch)
1978 Aug 21, Charles Eames
(1907-1978), an American polymath artist, died. Together with his wife
he designed numerous objects, furniture and made more than 75 films.
(SFC, 6/6/96,
E1)(www.eamesoffice.com/index2.php?mod=intro)
1978 Nov 8, Norman Rockwell
(b.1894), American artist, died. He had created nearly 4,000
illustrations that included 321 covers for the Saturday Evening Post.
(SFEC, 9/29/96,
T10,11)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Rockwell)
1978 The "Seated Woman" by
American artist John De Andrea (b.1941) was nude, made of polyvinyl and
utterly realistic.
(TL, 1988,
p.119)(www.artmolds.com/ali/halloffame/john_deandrea.htm)
1978 Hannah Wilke (1940-1993),
NYC-born American artist, began creating her performance art piece "So
Help Me Hannah." It featured her nude before a camera in a variety of
dance-like poses.
(WSJ, 10/21/96,
p.A18)(www.artnet.com/artist/17886/hannah-wilke.html)
1978 Edwin Dickinson (b.1891),
American painter, died in Wellfleet, Mass. His work included "The Cello
Player" (1924-1926).
(SFC, 12/4/00, p.B1)
1979 May, Peter Ompir (b.1904),
American folk artist born as Charles Burns, died.
(SFC, 1/17/07, p.G2)(http://tinyurl.com/32co6m)
1979 Chris Burden (b.1946) made
his work "The Big Wheel," in which a motorcycle powers a huge flywheel
that enacts the artist’s drive to magnify himself. This was after he
had shot, shocked, impaled and cut himself for attention.
(SFC, 2/10/98, p.E4)
1979 Richard Diebenkorn
(1922-1993) painted his "Ocean Park No. 116."
(SFC, 10/9/97,
p.E1)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Diebenkorn)
1979 Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997),
American pop artist, began his "Double Glass" sculpture and finished it
in 1980.
(SFEM, 11/24/96,
p.46)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein)
1979 Marta Minujin (b.1943),
Argentine artist, made her monumental "The Obelisk of Raising Bread."
It was made of 40,000 panetone and was later distributed to the crowd.
(WSJ, 4/15/98, p.A20)
1980 May 29, J. Turner’s 1836
painting "Juliet & Her Nurse" sold for $6,400,000 in NYC.
(www.abebooks.fr/search/sortby/3/kn/+A+Picture+history+british+painting)
1980 Jun 7, Philip Guston
(b.1913), painter and printmaker, died. He was born in Montreal as
Phillip Goldstein became recognized as a lesser master of the first
generation New York School of abstraction. He quit abstract painting in
1967 and confined himself to drawing. His work included "Back View"
(1977).
(SFC, 1/15/98, p.E5)(SFC, 6/28/03, p.D1)(Econ,
5/10/08, p.96)
1980 Lyman Byxbe (b.1886), print
maker, died. He established a reputation in Old Estes, Colorado, with
his copperplate etchings of western scenes.
(SSFC, 4/23/05, p.E7)(http://tinyurl.com/bwvvn)
1981 Nov 3, H.C. Westermann
(b.1922), sculptor, died. His work, which included "Memorial to the
Idea of Man if He Was an Idea" (1958), was laced with dark humor.
(WSJ, 4/18/02, p.D7)(http://tinyurl.com/3dxl4t)
1981 Willem de Kooning
(1904-1997), Netherlands born artist, painted his work Pirate (Untitled
II). In 1995 he created his work "Untitled XLII," a time when his
mental facilities began to waiver.
(www.moma.org/exhibitions/1997/dekooning/selected/pirate.html)(SFC,
11/12/02, p.D1)
1982 Jul 29, It was announced that
the painting "Gallery of the Louvre" by Samuel Morse (1791-1872) had
sold for $3,250,000.
(www.cedmagic.com/home/ced-digest/ced-digest-vol-07/ced-digest0730.html)
1982 Sep 11, Wilfredo Lam
(b.1902), Cuban artist, died in Paris, France. He is best known for
“The Jungle” (1943), later acquired by NYC’s MOMA.
(WSJ, 4/29/08, p.D7)
1983 Jasper Johns painted his
autobiographical picture "Racing Thoughts." It was done from the
vantage point of inside a bathtub inspired by a 1938 painting by Frida
Kahlo.
(WSJ, 10/17/96, p.A20)(SFEC, 9/28/97, BR p.5)
1983 Willem de Kooning painted his
"Untitled II." It is on display at the SF Museum of Modern Art. [2nd
source puts the date at 1986] he also created his work "Untitled XLII"
this year, a time when his mental facilities began to waiver.
(SF E&C, 1/15/1995, SFE Mag. p.21)(SFC,
11/12/02, p.D1)
1983 Eugene Von Bruenchenhein
(b.1910), commercial bakery worker, died In Milwaukee, Wis. He was also
a prolific artist but never exhibited any of his work.
(NYT, 10/8/04, p.B35)
1983 Zhang Daqian (b.1899),
Chinese painter, died. He had imitated the style of the old masters.
(SFC, 2/6/04, p.D2)
1984 Apr 22, Ansel Adams (b.1902),
US photographer, died in Monterey, Ca. He was best known for his black
and white photographs of California's Yosemite Valley. He founded the
group f/64 and redefined the aesthetic standards and possibilities of
landscape photography.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams)
1984 A 60-by-13-foot tile mural
was created by Romare Beardon for a Pittsburgh subway station. In 2008
the mural was valued at $15 million as the station faced demolition.
(WSJ, 4/25/08, p.A2)
1985 Mar 28, Marc Chagall
(b.1887), Belarus-born French painter, died. In 2008 Jackie
Wullschlager authored “Chagall: A Biography.”
(www.artelino.com/articles/marc_chagall.asp)(Econ,
9/20/08, p.101)
1985 Christo wrapped the 12 arches
of Pont-Neuf in Paris with some 450,000 square-feet of fabric. The
project cost some $3.5 million.
(SFC, 3/2/97, p.E4)(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A10)
1986 Jan 23, Joseph Beuys
(b.1921), German artist, died. In 1997 an English edition of "The
Essential Joseph Beuys" by Alain Borer was published.
(SFEC, 8/31/97, BR
p.8)(http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys)
1986 Mar 6, Georgia O'Keefe (98),
US painter (Flowers), died in Santa Fe, NM.
(SSFC, 6/22/03,
p.C8)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_O'Keeffe)
1986 Aug 5, It was revealed that
Andrew Wyeth secretly created 240 drawings and paintings of his
neighbor Helga Testorf, in Chadds Ford, Pa.
(www.rightreading.com/daybook_pages/august.htm)
1986 Aug 31, Henry Moore (b.1898),
English sculptor and cartoonist, died. In 1998 John Hedgecoe published
"A Monumental Vision: The Sculpture of Henry Moore."
(SFEC, 7/19/98, BR
p.9)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moore)
1986 Francis Bacon (1909-1992),
Anglo-Irish painter, made his painting "Portrait of George Dyer
Talking."
(SFC, 6/11/99, p.C3)
1986 Lazar Khidekel (b.1904),
Russian artist and architect, died. He sustained a radical utopian
vision and avant-garde aesthetic during decades of Soviet control of
cultural production.
(SFC, 2/22/05, p.E1)
1987 Mar 30, Vincent Van Gogh's
"Sunflowers" was bought for $39.85 million. The Vincent van Gogh
painting "Sunflowers" was presented by art teacher Claude-Emile
Schuffenecker at a 1901 Paris exhibition. It sold in 1987 for $40.3
million to the Yasuda Fire and Marine Insurance Co. and was reported in
1997 to be a possible fake. Van Gogh’s letters refer to only 6
paintings of sunflowers, and the Yasuda painting is a seventh.
(SFC,10/27/97, p.D4)(HN, 3/30/98)
1988 Mar 12, Romare Bearden
(b.1911), North Carolina-born African American artist, died in NY. He
depicted black culture and history and transferred his collages to
prints using a variety of techniques. In 2004 Jan Greenberg authored
"Romare Bearden: Collage of Memories."
(SFC, 3/24/04,
p.E1)(www.courses.vcu.edu/ENG-mam/bio5.htm)
1988 Apr 17, Louise Nevelson, the
Russian-born sculptor who became one of the world's best-known women
artists, died in New York at the age of 88.
(AP, 4/17/98)
1988 May 2, Jackson Pollock's
"Search" sold for $4,800,000.
(MC, 5/2/02)
1988 May 10, Edgar Degas'
"Danseresie of 14" sold for $10,120,000.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1988 Oct 5, Grandma Prisbrey, born
as Thresie (Tressa) Luella Schaefer (1896), died in California. During
her life she constructed her bottle village in Simi Valley including 3
bottle structures to house her collection of 17,000 pencils. In 1981
the site was named a California State Historical Landmark and in 1996
was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
(WSJ, 10/21/08,
p.D9)(www.agilitynut.com/h/prisbrey.html)
1988 Margaret Mee, artist and
naturalist, died. She had recently completed her painting of the
night-bloomer Selenicereus within in the Amazon jungle. In 1999 an
exhibit of her 30 years of jungle artwork was put on display at the
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.
(SFC, 5/29/99, p.A7)
1988 Isamu Noguchi, sculptor,
died. In 1997 Hiro Narita made a film of the artist for PBS: "Isamu
Noguchi: Stones and Paper."
(SFEM, 5/18/97, p.28)
1989 Bruce Conner (1933-2008)
created his lithograph collage "Bombhead."
(SFEM, 5/28/00, p.17)(SFC, 5/4/09, p.E3)
1990 Feb 7, Judith Clancy
(b.1950), artist, died of cancer.
(FineArts, Fall, 04/05)
1990 Mar 18, There was a theft of
art work from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. 2 men
dressed as policemen made off with masterworks that included
Rembrandt’s "The Storm on the Sea of Galilee," Vermeer’s "The Concert,"
Manet’s "Chez Tortoni," and 5 paintings and drawings by Edgar Degas and
a 1200 BC Chinese bronze beaker valued at $300 million. The theft led
Sen. Edward Kennedy to sponsor the museum theft provision of the 1994
Omnibus Crime Act. In 2009 Ulrich Boser authored “The Gardner Heist.”
(WSJ, 8/9/96, p.A8)(WSJ, 5/13/97, p.A21)(SFC,
8/26/97, p.A3)(SFC,12/15/97, p.A3)(WSJ, 2/20/09, p.W10)
1991 Feb 13, Arno Breker (90),
German sculptor (Third Reich), died in Dusseldorf.
(www.meaus.com/arno-breker-biography.htm)
1991 Jun 24, Rufino Tamayo
(b.1899), a Zapotecan Indian artist born in the Mexican state of
Oaxaca, died in Mexico City. His painting “Tres Personajes,” sold in
1977 to a Houston couple for $55,000, was stolen in 1987. In 2003 it
was found amongst street trash on Manhattan’s Upper West Side.
(SFC, 10/24/07,
p.E3)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rufino_Tamayo)
1991 Jul 16, Robert Motherwell
(76), US painter (Elegies to Spanish Rep), died.
(MC, 7/16/02)
1991 Jul 16, Robert Motherwell
(b.1915), US painter (Elegies to Spanish Rep), died.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Motherwell)
1991 Magdalena Abakanowicz made
her sculpture: "Bronze Crowd," 36 headless, hollow, life-size men in a
double file.
(WSJ, 1/9/97,
p.A8)(www.abakanowicz.art.pl/bibliog.html)
1991 Christo created his
"Umbrellas" sculpture that lasted 3 weeks. 1,760 yellow umbrellas were
unfurled north of Los Angeles and another 1,340 blue ones in Ibaraki,
Japan.
(SFC, 3/2/97, p.E4)(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A10)
1992 In NYC the first annual
Outsider Art Fair was held at the Puck Building.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outsider_Art)
1992 Robert Arneson (b.1930), Bay
Area ceramic artist and sculptor, died. His "Yin and Yang" was
installed across from the SF Ferry Building in 2003.
(SFEM, 2/23/97, p.6)(SFC, 2/23/02, p.D1)
1992 Francis Bacon (b.1909),
British artist, died. In 1997 his biography was written by Michael
Peppiatt: Francis Bacon: Anatomy of an Enigma. Bacon’s studio was later
dismantled and replicated in Dublin. In 2001 John Edwards, Bacon’s
companion, wrote a brief memoir accompanied by photos of the studio: "7
Reece Mews: Francis Bacon’s Studio."
(SFEC, 8/17/97, BR p.6)(SSFC, 10/28/01, p.R6)
1993 Mar, 30, Richard Diebenkorn,
SF Bay Area, died. He moved between figuration and abstraction when the
two modes were widely thought to be inimical.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Diebenkorn)(SFEC, 9/28/97, DB
p.36)(SFC, 10/9/97, p.E1,6)
1993 May 10, A Paul Cezanne still
life sold for $28,600,000 in NYC.
(MC, 5/10/02)
1993 May 20, Max Klein (77),
inventor of paint by numbers, died.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1994 May 7, Norway's most famous
painting, "The Scream," by Edvard Munch, was recovered almost three
months after it was stolen from an Oslo museum.
(AP, 5/7/99)
1995 In Germany Christo and his
wife, Jeanne-Claude, wrapped the Reichstag with over 1 million square
feet of silvery polypropylene fabric, secured with over 51,000 feet of
polypropylene rope. The project cost some $13 million.
(SFC, 11/17/98, p.E5)(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A10)
1995 Lucian Freud created his
painting “Benefits Supervisor Sleeping.” In 2008 it was auctioned for
$33.6 million, making him the most expensive living artist.
(WSJ, 5/17/08, p.W2)
1995 Bob Ross (52), American
landscape artist, died. His TV show "The Joy of Painting" was taped for
11 years until 1993. Reruns continued through 2004.
(WSJ, 4/2/04, p.A1)
1996 Jul 20, A new sculpture
museum was scheduled to open in Copan National Park, Honduras, with
exhibits of Mayan work.
(Nat. Hist., 4/96, p.25)
1996 David Flavin (b.1933),
artist, died.
(SFC, 11/8/03, p.D10)
1997 Mar 6, A gunman stole "Tete
de Femme," a million-dollar Picasso portrait, from a London gallery. A
week later, the painting was recovered and two suspects arrested.
(AP, 3/6/98)
1997 Mar 7, In Australia it was
disclosed that the reputed Aboriginal painter Eddie Burrup was actually
82-year-old Elizabeth Durack.
(SFC, 3/8/96, p.A11)
1997 Mar 15, An art show that
featured 13 oil paintings by Dr. Kevorkian opened in Royal Oak, Mich.
They depicted severed heads, moldering skulls and rotting corpses.
(SFC, 3/17/97, p.A2)
1997 Mar 19, Willem de Kooning
(b.1904), Dutch-born abstract painter, considered to be one of the 20th
century's greatest painters, died in East Hampton, N.Y. He had arrived
in America as a stowaway in 1926. In 2004 Mark Stevens and Annalyn Swan
authored “de Kooning: An American Master.”
(SFC, 3/20/97, p.A1,6,E1)(AP, 3/19/98)(WSJ,
11/23/04, p.D11)
1997 Robert Colescott painted his
aquatint "Pontchartrain."
(SFC, 1/29/98, p.C1)
1997 Gordon Newell, sculptor (92),
completed his 9-ton granite that depicts the "flowing waters of the
fountain of life" in Darwin, CA. near Death Valley.
(SFEC, 6/8/97, Z1 p.5)
1997 Frank Stella painted
"Telepilus Laestrygonia II."
(SFC, 3/5/96, p.E5)
1998 Mar 12, Beatrice Wood,
ceramist, died at age 105. She was called "Mama of Dada" for her
liaisons with Marcel Duchamp, Henri-Pierre Roche and others associated
with the Dada movement of the early 20th century. A 1993 documentary
was made titled: "Beatrice Wood: The Mama of Dada."
(SFC, 3/14/98, p.A19)
1998 May 3, "The Sevres Road," by
landscape painter Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, was stolen from the
Louvre.
(AP, 5/3/99)
1999 May 16, The 1956 Picasso
painting, "Woman Nude Before Garden," was slashed by a mental patient
in Amsterdam's Stedelijk Museum.
(WSJ, 2/16/99, p.A20)
1999 The "Pax Jerusalem" sculpture
by Mark di Suvero was acquired by SF and set outside the California
Palace of the Legion of Honor.
(SFC, 12/23/02, p.D1)
1999 Louise Bourgeois (87),
French-born English artist, created his nine meter (30 feet) high and
wide spider. It was made of bronze, stainless steel and marble and
named Maman in tribute to the artist's mother. It initially went on
display at the Tate Modern art gallery.
(Reuters, 10/3/07)
2000 Jun 9, George Segal (b.1924),
sculptor and painter, died at his home in south Brunswick, N.J., at age
75.
(SFC, 6/10/00, p.A23)
2000 Johnnie Lee Gray (58), self
taught African-American painter from Spartanburg SC, died. His
paintings included "The Revolution: We Shall Overcome."
(WSJ, 12/3/02, p.D4)
2001 Feb 18, Balthus (b.1908),
painter aka Count Balthazar Klossowski de Rola, died at age 92 in
Switzerland. In 2002 His memoir "Vanished Splendors," as told by Alain
Vircondolet, was published.
(SFC, 2/21/01, p.A18)(AP, 2/18/02)(SSFC, 1/12/03,
p.M3)
2001 Apr 21, Claude Clark
(b.1915), African American painter and printmaker, died in Oakland,
Ca., following a long illness. He was a nationally renowned artist and
teacher. Clark wrote the first curriculum for African and African
American art, shortly after he began a 13-year stint at Merritt College
in Oakland.
(SFC, 2/4/08,
p.D1)(www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-79520788.html)
2001 E.H. Gombrich, art historian,
died. His work included "The Story of Art." In 2002 his work "The
Preference for the Primitive" was published.
(WSJ, 11/26/02, p.D8)
2002 Feb 15, Peter Voulkos
(b.1924), ceramic artist, died in bowling Green, Ohio.
(www.ceramicsculpture.com/Pages-Voulkos/obit.htm)
2002 Apr 16, Paul Georges (77),
American artist, died in Normandy, France. His work included "Diana and
Actaeon" (1987-1988).
(SFC, 4/30/02, p.A24)
2002 Aug 14, Larry Rivers (78),
pop artist pioneer, died in Southampton, N.Y.
(AP, 8/14/03)
2002 Sep 8, Pop Zhao, a SF artist,
organized volunteers to drape 3 miles of US flags along the SF
coastline in an artistic display of patriotism, remembrance and
strength.
(SFC, 9/9/02, p.A12)
2002 Nov 22, “Cupid’s Span,” a
sculpture by Claes Oldenburg and his wife Coosje van Bruggen (d.2009 at
66), was set on the Embarcadero at the foot of the Bay Bridge.
(SFC, 11/23/02, p.A1)(SFC, 1/20/09, p.B5)
2002 Nov 22, Amilcar de Castro
(82), Brazilian sculptor, died. His work was composed from massive
sheets of iron.
(SFC, 12/3/02, p.A24)
2002 Nov 23, Chilean artist
Roberto Echaurren Matta (91), a master of surrealist painting and
sculpture, died at a hospital near Rome.
(AP, 11/24/02)
2002 Dec 8, Painter and sculptor
Keith Tyson, whose playful artwork is inspired by scientific theories
and often ponders the role of computers in the modern world, won
Britain's prestigious Turner Prize.
(AP, 12/9/02)
2002 In Fort Worth, Texas, the
Modern Art Museum, designed by Tadao Ando, opened.
(WSJ, 12/17/02, p.D8)
2003 Jan 19, Alfredo Zalce
(b.1908), Mexican revolutionary artist, died.
(www.zalce.com/)
2003 Apr 25, Lynn Chadwick (88),
British sculptor, died. He created expressionistic works in welded iron
and bronze.
(SFC, 5/9/03, p.A22)
2003 Jun 20, Moshe Kupferman (77),
leading Israeli abstract artist, died in Tel Aviv.
(SFC, 6/24/03, p.A21)
2003 Nov 9, Gordon Onslow (90),
abstract painter, died in Inverness, Ca.
(SFC, 11/13/03, p.A19)
2003 Nov 28, It was reported that
British artist Damien Hirst, winner of the 1995 Turner Prize, had paid
Charles Saatchi some $15 million to buy back about 12 of his earlier
works.
(SFC, 11/28/03, p.I21)
2003 Dec 7, Grayson Perry (43),
British artist, was named winner of the 20th annual Turner Prize. He
decorated ceramic vases with disturbing images and texts.
(SFC, 12/9/03, p.D8)
2004 Jan 31, Harold Shapinsky
(b.1925), abstract expressionist painter, died in Rockville.
(SFC, 2/9/04, p.B4)
2004 May 5, A 1905 painting by
Pablo Picasso titled 'Garcon a la pipe' (Boy with a Pipe) sold for a
record $104 million at Sotheby's in NYC.
(AP, 5/5/04)(WSJ, 5/11/04, p.A18)
2004 May 15, Yang Shen-sum (92), a
Chinese artist who was a master of the Lingnan school of painting, died
in Hong Kong. He had moved to Canada in 1988 and was in Hong Kong on a
visit.
(AP, 5/16/04)
2004 May 24, A fire in London hit
an art storage warehouse and is believed to have destroyed works by
some 100 contemporary Young British artists (YBAs) worth millions of
dollars, including part of a collection owned by former advertising
guru Charles Saatchi.
(AP, 5/26/04)(Econ, 5/29/04, p.58)
2004 Aug 22, In Oslo, Norway,
armed men stormed into the Munch Museum, threatened staff at gunpoint
and stole 2 of Edvard Munch's famous paintings, "The Scream" and
"Madonna" before the eyes of stunned museum-goers. Another of 4
versions of “The Scream” was stolen in 1994. Police recovered both
paintings in 2006. In 2007 3 men were sentenced to prison for their
roles in the heist. The 3 were ordered to pay a total of $262 million
in compensation.
(AP, 8/22/04)(WSJ, 8/24/04, p.A1)(SFC, 9/1/06,
p.A2)(SFC, 4/24/07, p.D6)
2004 Dec 17, Tom Wesselman (73),
NYC pop artist, died. He was known for his “bedroom still lifes.”
(SFC, 12/21/04, p.B7)
2004 Scott Greene, Albuquerque
artist, created his painting “Stay the Course,” a not-so-veiled
reference to the US ship of state.
(SFC, 1/15/05, p.E10)
2005 Feb 12, Christo and
Jeanne-Claude opened their NYC Central Park Gates project. The $20
million,16-day exhibit featured 7,532 fabric draped steel gates
spanning 23 miles.
(SSFC, 2/13/05, p.A1)
2005 Apr 22, Eduardo Paolozzi
(b.1924), sculptor and printmaker, died. In 1952 he helped form an
association of British artists called The Independent Group. Paolozzi,
born in Scotland of Italian parents, became known as a key contributor
to British pop art.
(SSFC, 5/1/05, p.A23)(Econ, 4/30/05, p.82)
2006 Jun 13, Luis Jimenez
(b.1940), Chicago sculptor, was killed in Hondo, New Mexico, while
hoisting pieces of a massive mustang for final assembly. The work was
installed at the Denver Airport in February, 2008.
(SFC, 6/27/06,
p.E2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Jim%C3%A9nez_(sculptor))(WSJ,
2/7/08, p.A1)
2006 Sep 2, In Nevada’s Black Rock
Desert the Burning Man art festival culminated with the burning of a
40-foot wooden man. It included a Belgian art installation titled
“Uchronia” (aka the Belgian Waffle), a 250,000, 15-story wooden cavern
funded by Jan Kriekels and constructed by 90 Belgium artists.
(SSFC, 9/3/06, p.B1)
2006 Oct 30, Mose Tolliver
(b.1915), American folk artist, died in Montgomery, Ala.
(WSJ, 11/1/06, p.A1)(www.antonart.com/bio-mose.htm)
2006 Nov 2, The Jackson Pollock
painting “No. 5 1948” was reportedly sold for a record $140 million.
David Geffen, entertainment mogul sold the work to David Martinez, a
Mexican financier.
(SFC, 11/3/06, p.A10)
2006 Dec 4, Tomma Abts (38) became
the first female painter in the 22-year history of Britain's $ 49,000
Turner Prize to win the controversial modern art award.
(AFP, 12/4/06)(SFC, 12/5/06, p.F8)
2006 Richard Serra created his
monumental sculpture “Band.” In 2007 Eli Broad, real estate magnate,
gave $10 million to have it installed at the Broad Contemporary Art
Museum in Los Angeles.
(SFC, 2/18/08, p.E1)
2007 Mar 27, Swedish artist Hans
Hedberg (89), known for his outsized fruit and egg ceramic sculptures
and, died.
(AP, 3/29/07)
2007 Apr 8, Sol LeWitt (78),
Connecticut-based artist and sculptor, died in NY. He was known for his
dynamic wall paintings and as a founder of minimal and conceptual art
styles.
(SFC, 4/10/07, p.D9)
2007 May 28, Joerg Immendorff
(b.1945), German artist, died. He was best known for his “Café
Deutschland” series begun in 1978.
(SFC, 5/29/07, p.B3)
2007 Jun 21, In London, England,
Damien Hirst’s “Lullaby spring” sold for $19.1 million, the highest
price paid at auction for a work by a living artist. The work consisted
of a stainless steel cabinet containing 6,136 hand-crafted and painted
pills.
(SFC, 6/23/07, p.E4)
2007 Aug 5, A group of armed,
masked men burst into a museum in the southern French city of Nice and
made off with a painting by French master Claude Monet and two others
by Flemish artist Pieter Brueghel. The paintings were recovered on June
4, 2008.
(AP, 8/5/07)(AP, 6/5/08)
2007 Oct 21, Ronald Brooks Kitaj,
Ohio-born artist, died in Los Angeles. He had spent much of his career
working in London.
(Econ, 11/3/07, p.102)(http://tinyurl.com/2myah5)
2007 Nov 14, A sculpture by Jeff
Koons of a stainless steel heart hanging from a golden bow sold for
$23.6 million, becoming the most expensive piece by a living artist
ever auctioned.
(AP, 11/15/07)
2007 Dec 3, Artist Mark Wallinger
won Britain's prestigious Turner Prize for a fiercely anti-war exhibit
based on a lone protester's six-year vigil outside British parliament.
(AP, 12/3/07)
2007 The painting “White Canoe,”
by British artist Peter Doig, sold for $11.2 million, a record for a
living European artist.
(Econ, 2/9/08, p.91)
2008 Feb 6, In eastern Switzerland
2 paintings by Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) worth nearly five million
Swiss francs (4.5 million dollars, 3.1 million euros) were stolen from
a museum. The two oil paintings, "Tete de Cheval" from 1962 and "Verre
et pichet" from 1944, were stolen from a cultural centre in the eastern
town of Pfaeffikon.
(AFP, 2/8/08)
2008 Mar 12, In Austria a dispute
began with the opening of "Religion, Flesh and Power," a collection of
about 50 paintings, drawings and sculptures, some with homo-erotic
themes, by Austrian artist Alfred Hrdlicka (80). Among them is
Hrdlicka's rendition of the Last Supper: a large, loosely rendered
black and white etching that shows Jesus and his disciples engaging in
sex acts on the table where they shared their final meal before
Christ's crucifixion.
(AP, 4/12/08)
2008 Apr 10, Berlin police found a
body that is probably that of Anna Mikhalchuk (52), a missing Russian
artist, who had been condemned by the Orthodox Church for an exhibit in
her homeland. The death was an apparent suicide.
(AP, 4/11/08)
2008 Apr 12, Investigators in
Turkey found the body of Giuseppina Pasqualino di Marineo (33), an
Italian artist known as Pippa Bacca. She was last seen on March 31
hitchhiking in a wedding gown. Police detained a man suspected of
killing her.
(AP, 4/12/08)
2008 May 12, Robert Rauschenberg
(b.1925), Texas-born artist, died of heart failure in Florida. His use
of odd and everyday articles earned him regard as a pioneer in pop art,
first gaining fame in the 1950s.
(AP, 5/13/08)
2008 May 14, A triptych by Francis
Bacon (1909-1992), titled “Triptych 1976,” sold for $86.3 million in
NYC, a record for contemporary art auctions.
(Econ, 5/17/08, p.79)
2008 Jun 10, In NYC a million
pieces of stainless steel toy parts assembled into a nearly seven-story
model skyscraper glimmered under the hot sun. It was created by
American artist Chris Burden (b.1946). The 16,000-pound (7,250-kg)
"poetic interpretation" of the 30 Rock Building at Rockefeller Center
was made of replicated Erector set pieces from the toy created by A.C.
Gilbert in 1912.
(Reuters, 6/11/08)
2008 Jul 7, Bruce Conner (b.1933),
SF-based artist, died. His collages and prints looked back to classics
of surrealism. His work was later said to look like a bridge between
the Beat generation and postmodernism.
(http://daily.greencine.com/archives/006353.html)(SFC, 7/8/08,
p.B5)(SFC, 5/4/09, p.E3)
2008 Aug 2, Perez Celis (b.1939),
a prestigious Argentine muralist, painter and sculptor, died in Buenos
Aires.
(AP, 8/3/08)
2008 Sep 4, Albanian artist Saimir
Strati in Tirana glued 229,764 corks of various shapes and colors over
a plastic banner measuring 12.94 meters by 7.1 meters to make the art
piece "Romeo with a crown of grapes playing the guitar while dancing
with the sea and the sun". He worked 14 hours a day for 28 days to
complete his project.
(Reuters, 9/4/08)
2008 Sep 15, In London the sale of
pickled sharks, butterfly paintings and other pieces by Damien Hirst
(43), the provocative British artist, raised some US$127 million. The
sale continued the next day. Total sales reached $199 million.
(AP, 9/16/08)(Econ, 9/20/08, p.73)
2008 Sep 17, In SF the large “Wall
Drawing #935” and “Wall Drawing #936,” conceived by Sol LeWitt
(1928-2007) and painted by his assistants in 1999, were painted over at
the SF Museum of Modern Art. The museum retained the sole right for
their reproduction.
(SFC, 9/19/08, p.E1)
2008 Oct 5, Iba Ndiaye (b.1928),
Senegalese modernist painter, died in Paris.
(SSFC, 10/19/08, p.B6)
2008 Oct 18, UC Berkeley dedicated
the new sculpture “Berkeley Big People” by Emeryville artist Scott
Donohue. It was erected just off I-80 at a cost of $196,000.
(SFC, 10/17/08, p.A16)
2008 Oct 28, In California Bill
Martin (65), Mendocino realist painter and art teacher, died. His 3
books included “Paintings “1969-1979.”
(SFC, 11/13/08, p.B4)
2008 Nov 12, Walter Gabrielson
(1935), California artist, died, His 1993 self-published autobiography
was titled “Persistence.”
(SSFC, 11/16/08, p.B6)
2008 Nov 17, Guy Peellaert
(b.1934), Belgian painter and collagist, died. His work included the
book “Rock Dreams” (1974), published in collaboration with British rock
journalist Nik Cohn.
(SSFC, 11/23/08, p.B8)
2008 Nov 18, Spanish artist Miquel
Barcelo unveiled his lavish, $23 million ceiling painting at the
European headquarters of the United Nations in Switzerland, a project
that has evoked controversy over its hefty price tag.
(AP, 11/18/08)
2008 Dec 27, Sculptor Robert
Graham (b.1938) died in Santa Monica, Ca. His massive bronze works mark
civic monuments across America, included the Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Memorial in Washington.
(AP, 12/28/08)(SFC, 12/29/08, p.A2)
2008 Dec 29, In India Manjit Bawa
67), a leading Indian artist, died. His work had highlighted peaceful
coexistence.
(AP, 12/29/08)
2009 Jan 12, In Nigeria Susanne
Wenger (93), Austrian-born sculptress, died. She had been initiated as
a Yoruba traditional priestess and was responsible for towering works
of art in one of Nigeria's two World Heritage sites.
(AFP, 1/13/09)
2009 Jan 16, Artist Andrew Wyeth
(b.1917), American artist, died at his home in the Philadelphia suburb
of Chadds Ford. He had portrayed the hidden melancholy of the people
and landscapes of Pennsylvania's Brandywine Valley and coastal Maine in
works such as "Christina's World."
(AP, 1/16/09)
2009 Jan 20, In Belgium the
“Entropa” art installation at the EU headquarters, by Czech artist
David Cerny, covered up the part that showed Bulgaria as a squat toilet
after protests from the aggrieved nation.
(AP, 1/20/09)
2009 Mar 20, Walter Kuhlman (90),
SF Bay Area artist and teacher, died. He was a noted figure in the
postwar Bay Area abstract expressionist movement.
(SFC, 3/30/09, p.B3)
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Subject = Artists
End of file