Timeline Hittites
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Apaliunas was a Hittite god.
(AM, 7/01, p.65)
4,000BC The Hittites settled
around Cappadocia in present day Turkey.
(Smith., 5/95, p.25)
2,000BC The Hittites lived around what is now
Cappadocia, Turkey. They mixed with the already-settled Hatti and
were followed by the Lydians, Phrygians, Byzantines, Romans and
Greeks.
(SFEC, 9/14/97, p.T14)
1700BC-1250BC Troy VI, the bronze age settlement
of the site of the Trojan War. The inhabitants probably spoke
Luvian, an Indo-European language related to Hittite.
(Nat. Hist., 4/96, p.49-50)
1595BC The Hittites captured
Babylon and retreated. They left the city open to Kassite domination
which lasted about 300 years. They maintained the
Sumerian/Babylonian culture without innovations of their own.
(eawc, p.4)
1450BC-1300BC The Hittite culture reached its
highpoint and dominated the territory North and East of Babylon
including Turkey and northern Palestine. By this time the Hittites
have constructed a mythology with a state pantheon.
(eawc, p.4)
1350BC The 1st recorded smallpox epidemic took
place during an Egyptian-Hittite war. Hittite warriors caught the
disease from Egyptian prisoners. The king and heir were fatally
infected and the empire fell apart.
(SFC, 10/19/01, p.A17)(NW, 10/14/02, p.46)
1347BC-1338BC Tutankhamun, Pharaoh of Egypt, ruled
for nine years. He was followed by King Ay, and then a soldier named
Horemhab, whom some regard as the last Pharaoh of the Eighteenth
Dynasty while others think he was the founder of the
Nineteenth. Horemhab is thought to have prevented the dynastic
marriage of Ankhesnamun [Ankhesenamen], the widow of Tutankhamun, to
prince Zananza, son of the Hittite king, Suppilliliumas. Documents
discovered at the Hittite capital of Boghaz-Koy in Turkey prove
beyond doubt that the young queen was writing to Suppililiumas
imploring him to send her one of his sons so that she might make him
King of Egypt. It is suspected that the young prince was killed on
his was to Egypt under the orders of Ay or Horemhab. Howard Carter
discovered the tomb of Tutankhamen.
(L.C.-W.P.p.107-110)(NG, May 1985, R. Caputo,
p.598)(SFC, 8/5/96, p.A10)
1295BC-1272BC The Hittite king Muwatalli II signed
a treaty with Alaksandu, ruler of the Arzawa land known as Wilusa,
which became Wilios in Bronze Age Greece and then slurred to Ilios
for Homer’s Iliad.
(Arch, 5/04, p.40)
1286BC The Hittites fought off the invading
Egyptians. This reflected the power gained from trading metals
abundant in Turkey.
(eawc, p.5)
1285BC Battle of Kadesh, in the fifth year of his
reign Ramesses moved to meet and destroy the forces of the Hittite
king, Muwatallis, grandson of Suppililiumas. Here some
70,000-100,000 armed men clashed in fury... The battle lasted two
days... and was decisive in that the Hittite advanced no further.
(L.C.-W.P.p.116-119)
1275BC Pharaoh Ramses II took back the coastal
kingdoms of Canaan, Phoenicia and Amarru from their Hittite
overlords.
(ON, 12/11, p.1)
1274BC Pharaoh Ramses II, in the fifth year
of his reign, moved to meet and destroy the forces of the Hittite
king, Muwatalli II, grandson of Suppililiumas. Ramses left his
mark on a cliff face by the Nahr al Kalb (Dog River) when he marched
north from Egypt to battle the Hittites. In the Battle of Kadesh
some 70,000-100,000 armed men clashed in fury... The battle lasted
two days... and was decisive in that the Hittite advanced no
further. The Hittites fought off the invading Egyptians. This
reflected the power gained from trading metals abundant in Turkey.
(L.C.-W.P.p.116-119)(NG, Aug., 1974, p.157)(ON,
12/11, p.1)
1272BC Hittite King Muwatalli II died. Ramses II
launched his 3rd invasion into the Levant, but was unable to
reassert permanent control.
(ON, 12/11, p.2)
1267BC Hattusili became king of the Hittites after
he deposed his nephew Mursili, the son of King Muwatalli. Mursili
fled to Egypt and sought asylum from Ramses II.
(ON, 12/11, p.2)
1267k BC - 1237k BC King Hattusili III ruled the
Hittites during this period. He wrote a letter to the king of
Ahhiyawa (thought to be Mycenaean Greeks) and mentioned that Wilusa
was once a bone of contention.
(Arch, 5/04, p.40)
1261BC Egyptian and Hittite diplomats concluded
the Treaty of Kadesh, the world’s first known int’l. peace accord.
(ON, 12/11, p.2)
1248BC Pharaoh Ramses II, about this time, took
one of Hittite King Hattusili’s daughters as one of his many wives.
(ON, 12/11, p.2)
1200BC The Hittite Empire fell when invading
Assyrians sacked and burned their capital, Hattussa (Hattusha).
(ON, 12/11,
p.2)(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hattusa)
1192BC Ramessu III beat back a more formidable
attack. The inscription describing this war was engraved on the
second pylon of the temple of Medinet Habu. The inscription
describes how the northerners were disturbed, and proceeded to move
eastward and southward, swamping in turn the land of the Hittites,
Carchemish, Arvad, Cyprus, Syria, and other places of the same
region. The Hittites and North Syrians had been so crippled by them
that Ramessu took the opportunity to extend the frontier of Egyptian
territory northward... the twofold ravaging of Syria left it
weakened and opened the door for the colonization of its coast-lands
by the beaten remnant of the invading army.
(R.M.-P.H.C.p.23)
1185BC The Hittite empire fell to the “Sea
People,” an invading group coming from the west whose precise
identity is unknown.
(eawc, p.5)
900-840BC The Assyrians expanded their empire to
the west. By 840 they conquered Syria and Turkey, territory that had
formerly belonged to the Hittites.
(eawc, p.6)
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